121. Drainage Of Landslides landslides landslide remedial works stabilisation stabilization drainage trench drain. Water in landslides and drainage for stabilization. http://www.kingston.ac.uk/~ku00323/landslid/trench.htm

Water in landslides and drainage for stabilization - some ideas - (Version 1, January 1997) This page was created on a 1024x768 monitor, using 16k colours. It may not show well at lower resolutions and colour depths. This diagram shows how water can move through a landslide: where it comes from and where it goes to Here, a trench drain has been used in the landslip on the coast at Barton on Sea (Hampshire). The drain has silted up (become blocked) and is being dug out and reinstated. This diagram shows a coastal landslide with several systems of drainage In the Henllys landslide in South Wales trench drains have been dug in front of the landslip, so that it will slide over the top, and be drained from underneath. ... as seen in this long shot. Drains are installed in near-horizontal boreholes under a tip of urban refuse which was sliding downhill near Ancona, Italy. Drains are installed in near-horizontal boreholes from shafts in a coastal landslide at Herne Bay, Kent. Drains are installed in a variety of ways to stabilize slopes. Some other pages of landslide interest Back to main Slide Show page Eddie Bromhead's Home Page Zentoku landslide, Japan

122. Benfield Hazard Research Centre About landslides. landslides Sturzstroms. For further information on landslides contact Dr. Christopher Kilburn at c.kilburn@ucl.ac.uk, http://www.benfieldhrc.org/SiteRoot/landslides/

Earthquakes Floods Climate Change Volcanoes ... Project Pages About Landslides Landslides are ubiquitous but largely underestimated hazards, primarily because they are often secondary in character and resulting death and damage is allocated to the primary event. In most cases this is either an earthquake, wherein landslides are generated due to strong ground motion, or severe precipitation, which results in mudslides. Landslide interest at the BHRC is focused mainly on ocean island volcano collapse and resulting tsunami and on developing an improved understanding of large volume, long-runout landslides known as Sturzstroms. For further information on landslides contact Dr. Christopher Kilburn at: c.kilburn@ucl.ac.uk Tropical Cyclones North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) Geological Data and Seismic Hazard Maps (Aug 2004) ... PhD Abstracts

123. Virtual Reality Panoramas Of Landslides Virtual reality panoramas of landslides and other types of mass wasting. Virtual Reality Panoramas of landslides and Other Forms of Mass Wasting. http://virtualguidebooks.com/ThematicLists/Landslides.html

Virtual Reality Panoramas of Landslides and Other Forms of Mass Wasting Alaska This birch forest masks the destruction of the earthquake-triggered Turnagain Slide , Anchorage, Alaska. Rocky Mountain States On the debris of the Hebgen Slide , final resting place of 19 people, southwest Montana. The Gros Ventre Slide , in the Gros Ventre Mountains, Wyoming. Northern California Massive landslides in serpentine rock on the South Fork of the Smith River, near Gasquet, California. The huge Hardy Creek Slide on Highway One north of Rockport, California. A huge landslide along the South Fork of the Eel River, near Smithe Redwoods, California.

124. Avoiding Landslides From Your Desktop Avoiding landslides from Your Desktop. You might think avoiding a landslide would mean taking a different road during a rainy spell. http://www.wolfram.com/products/mathematica/usersanduses/experience/avoiding.htm

PreloadImages('/common/images2003/btn_products_over.gif','/common/images2003/btn_purchasing_over.gif','/common/images2003/btn_services_over.gif','/common/images2003/btn_new_over.gif','/common/images2003/btn_company_over.gif','/common/images2003/btn_webresource_over.gif'); Products Mathematica What is Mathematica ... Give us feedback Sign up for our newsletter: Hall's favorite Mathematica feature: "I can actually get it [Mathematica] to do something, and it's a programming language. You don't have to try to outguess the program to place text where you want it or to act on your input as you think it should." Avoiding Landslides from Your Desktop You might think avoiding a landslide would mean taking a different road during a rainy spell. However, from his computer at an Intermountain Research Station in Idaho, David Hall of the USDA Forest Service uses Mathematica to avoid landslides. Hall, a computer programmer and analyst, uses Mathematica to solve complex equations for models that replicate the physical processes of landslides. Mathematica handles the symbolic simplification of equations in models that mitigate landslides, or determine where landslides are likely to occur," Hall said. "This helps geotechnical specialists avoid building roads or harvesting timber in areas that appear to be susceptible to landslides."

125. Effects Of El Niño On Streamflow, Lake Level, And Landslide Potential landslides and Debris Flows. Shallow landslides are generated during storms, because infiltrating rainwater saturates the soil and raises porewater pressure. http://geochange.er.usgs.gov/sw/changes/natural/elnino/

by Richard Reynolds, Michael Dettinger, Daniel Cayan, Doyle Stephens, Lynn Highland, and Raymond Wilson U.S. Geological Survey Under "normal" conditions, the tropical trade winds blow from east to west, Figure 1. ponding up warm water in the western Pacific. In the eastern Pacific, the trade winds pull up cold, deep, nutrient-rich waters along the equator from the Ecuadorian coast to the central Pacific. The warmth of the western Pacific results in a particularly vigorous hydrologic cycle there with towering cumulus clouds and tropical storms that "radiate" atmospheric waves and disturbances across vast regions of the globe. Heat and moisture lofted into the upper atmosphere by the clouds and storms are distributed by high-altitude winds across vast regions of the globe. As the waters of the central and eastern Pacific warm, the powerful tropical Pacific storms begin to form farther east than usual (Fig. 1) . As the distribution of storms spreads east along the equator, their influence on global weather systems also changes. Most notably, for our purposes, the jet stream over the North Pacific Ocean is invigorated and pulled farther south than normal, where it collects moisture and storms and carries them to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. For More Information: Effects of the 1982-1983 ENSO References for this Section For More Information: The Role of Climate in Estuarine Variability; USGS.

126. Scooting On A Wet Bottom: Some Undersea Landslides Ride A Nearly Frictionless Sl Scooting on a Wet Bottom Some undersea landslides ride a nearly frictionless slick of water. Sid Perkins. Hydroplaning, the traction http://www.sciencenews.org/20040124/fob7.asp

Math Trek Food for Thought A Swiss Paradox? Science Safari Telegraph Days TimeLine 70 Years Ago in Science News Week of Jan. 24, 2004; Vol. 165, No. 4 , p. 54 Scooting on a Wet Bottom: Some undersea landslides ride a nearly frictionless slick of water Sid Perkins Hydroplaning, the traction-sapping phenomenon that makes high-speed driving dangerous on rainy days, may be responsible for the unexpectedly large distances covered by some undersea avalanches, according to new computer simulations. Sediments carried by rivers often accumulate in thick layers on the sloping seafloors surrounding the continents. When large deposits of that material break loose, the huge flows of silt, clay, and mud that result wreck everything in their paths. Among the victims can be entire communities of seafloor life as well as ocean-floor pipelines and communications cables, says Anders Elverhøi of the University of Oslo. Sediment can slide hundreds of kilometers, even across nearly level slopes. In the so-called Storegga slide, which occurred in the Norwegian Sea more than 8,000 years ago, about 2,500 cubic kilometers of material—enough to make up several sizable mountains—broke free, some of it sliding nearly 500 km toward Greenland. Using computer models they developed, Elverhøi and his colleagues have identified what may be a major factor enabling such landslides to travel so far: a thin layer of water that insinuates itself between the floor and the overlying mass of quick-moving sediment. No longer in contact with the floor, the sediment is akin to a speeding, multi-ton vehicle hydroplaning atop a thin slick of rain on pavement. The Norwegian researchers describe their model in the January

127. Simulating Landslides For Natural Disaster Prevention Simulating landslides for Natural Disaster Prevention. JeanDominique Gascuel, Marie-Paule Cani-Gascuel, Mathieu Desbrun iMAGIS-GRAVIR http://w3imagis.imag.fr/FABULE/landslides.html

Simulating Landslides for Natural Disaster Prevention Jean-Dominique Gascuel , Marie-Paule Cani-Gascuel, Mathieu Desbrun iMAGIS-GRAVIR UMR C5527 / IMAG BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble cedex 09, France Eric Leroi, Carola Mirgon Direction de la Recherche, 117 avenue de Luminy, BP 167, 13276 Marseille, France The simulation of landslide hazards is a key point in the prevention of natural disasters, since it enables to compute risk maps and helps to design protection works. We present a 3D simulator that handles both rock-falls and mud-flows. The terrain model is built from geological and vegetation maps, superimposed on a DEM. Since the exact elevation of the terrain is unknown at the rock's scale, the simulator uses a series of stochastic simulations, where low scale geometry is slightly randomized at each impact, to compute an envelop of risk areas. Computations are optimized using an implicit formulation of surfaces and a space-time adaptive algorithm for animating the particle system that represents the mud flow. The full paper (12 pages, with color pictures):

128. ICBO LA Basin Chapter - Disaster Preparedness - Landslides Disaster Preparedness landslides. Although slow-moving landslides can cause significant property damage, they usually don t cause any deaths. http://www.icbolabc.org/prepared/landslide.htm

Disaster Preparedness- Landslides The ground can move without a quake! When most Californians think about ground movement, they probably envision images of the ground below them moving from side to side or up and down during an earthquake. In the aftermath of wildfires such as the 21 blazes that comprised the Southern California Wildfire Siege in 1993, residents of steep hillsides and canyons need to include another type of ground movement in their thoughts and plans. Areas left barren of grasses, plants, shrubs and trees by fire are vulnerable to landslides through sliding, falling and flowing soil, rock, mud, brush and trees, particularly during and after heavy rains, Although slow-moving landslides can cause significant property damage, they usually don't cause any deaths. Mudslides, how- ever, are much more dangerous. According to the California Department of Conservation, mudslides can easily exceed speeds of 10 miles per hour and often flow at rates of more than 20 mph. Because they travel much faster, mudslides can cause deaths and injuries as well as significant property damage. According to the Department of Conservation, landslides and mudslides caused by the 1997-98 El Niño phenomenon caused three deaths and 19 injuries in Southern California alone. Such earth movement also destroyed at least 44 homes, damaged 94 others and resulted in at least the temporary evacuation of more than 1,000 people.

129. CNN.com - Philippines Landslides Kill 70 - Dec. 20, 2003 At least 70 people were killed when they were buried alive in two landslides triggered by six days of heavy rains in the Philippines, officials said on Saturday http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/12/19/philippines.landslide.reut

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Philippines landslides kill 70 Story Tools MANILA, Philippines (Reuters) At least 70 people were killed when they were buried alive in two landslides triggered by six days of heavy rains in the Philippines, officials said on Saturday. The Office of Civil Defense said 80 houses were destroyed. Dozens of people were injured and the death toll was expected to rise, said Rosette Lerias, governor of the province. "We experienced unusually heavy rains during the last six days," she told Reuters. "The rains triggered the landslides." Lerias said rescue work was hampered by minor landslides that blocked the only roads leading to the disaster area. The two towns are on a small island off the main Leyte island. Officials said there was no power in the affected areas. Leyte province was the scene of the famous sea battle between U.S. and Japanese forces during the Second World War. Reuters Story Tools Click Here to try 4 Free Trial Issues of Time!

130. UW.Org: Clearcutting Causes Landslides Clearcutting Causes landslides. landslides kill people in Coast Range. Hubbard Creek. Clearcut landslides in Douglas County. December 13, 1996. http://www.umpqua-watersheds.org/local/landslides/slides.html

Clearcutting Causes Landslides Landslides kill people in Coast Range . Hubbard Creek. Landslides in Douglas County , seen from a plane, 12/96 Landslides and Clearcuts: What Does The Science Really Say? A summary by Doug Heiken of Oregon Natural Resources Council (ONRC) Fact Sheet, Clearcuts, Landslides, and the 1996 Storms Prepared by the Pacific Rivers Council Forest Service Study Finds Landslides On Deforested Hillslopes. Aerial Landslide Survey of Mapleton RD by AFSEE Post-Storm Aerial Observations by William Weaver, Ph.D. Oregon Department of Forestry confirm clearcuts cause landslides. Landslide Commentaries from NPR, Oregonian, Roy Keene, Native Forest Council, and more. Landslides on Brush Creek, next to expensive restoration project. Clearcut Landslides in Douglas County December 13, 1996 We took an airplane yesterday, flying north west of Roseburg. During our short 1.5 hour flight, we saw literally hundreds of landslides coming from clearcuts and their roads. We saw about 4 natural landslides in forested areas. We couldn't see every natural slide from the plane - but I know for sure, there were not hundreds. There were many, many more landslides from clearcuts. The slopes were just dripping with streaks of mud and slides. The draws and valleys were ripped wide open, and oozing with the displaced soil and rocks. We flew over the Hubbard Creek slide, which killed four people last month. It was not the biggest or most impressive slide we saw. It started high on a vertical slope - skinny, small. We saw it widen, saw the path it took through some old-growth, and saw pieces of the house, and scattered wreckage where it went through the rural residential area. There are no words to describe...

131. Washington DGER: Landslides (Photo Karl Wegmann). landslides. NEW PUBLICATION landslides are a continuing problem along the hillsides and shorelines of Washington. http://www.dnr.wa.gov/geology/hazards/lslides.htm

Landslide Links View northwest along main scarp of the deep-seated reactivated Aldercrest-Banyon (Kelso, WA) earth slump-slide as it appeared in August 2000. Click on photo for larger view and more information. (Photo: Karl Wegmann) Landslides NEW PUBLICATION: Report of Investigations 34 Digital Landslide Inventory for the Cowlitz County Urban Corridor—Kelso to Woodland (Coweeman River to Lewis River), Cowlitz County, Washington Landslides are a continuing problem along the hillsides and shorelines of Washington. Some landslide areas and the causes of sliding have been recognized for decades, but that information has not always been widely known or used outside the geologic community. As the population of Washington grows, there are increasing pressures to develop in landslide-prone areas, so knowledge about these landslide hazards has never been more important. Article: Puget Sound Bluffs: The Where, Why, and When of Landslides Following the Holiday 1996/97 Storms From Washington Geology , vol. 25, no. 1, March 1997

132. Intl Consortium On Landslides (ICL) _. International Consortium on landslides (ICL). d) to promote a global, multidisciplinary Programme on landslides. http://www.unesco.org/science/earthsciences/disaster/icl.htm

International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) Background As one of UNESCO-IUGS Joint Programme, IGCP-425 project "Landslide Hazard Assessment and Mitigation of Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites and Other Locations of High Societal Values" was initiated in 1998. To promote this initiative, UNESCO and the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan (DPRI/KU) has exchanged in 1999 the Memorandum of Understanding concerning cooperation in research for landslide risk mitigation and protection of the cultural and natural heritage as a key contribution to environmental protection and sustainable development in the first quarter of the twenty-first century. The 2001 Tokyo Declaration "Geoscientists tame landslides" was released in the 2001 UNESCO/IGCP Symposium on Landslide Risk Mitigation and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage to propose a new International Consortium on Landslides for the worldwide promotion of landslide research. In the framework of the 2002 International Symposium "Landslide Risk Mitigation and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage" co-organized by UNESCO and Kyoto University, international experts coming from different National, Scientific, Governmental Organizations, Academic Institutions, Regional and International Organizations, International Non-governmental Organizations and United Nations Organizations unanimously agreed and declared to launch an International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) by the 2002 Kyoto Declaration.

133. Home.gif Translate this page Fireworks Splice HTML http://www.quattri.com.br/isl/

134. Landslide An Talk Story An Introduction to Processes and Features of Mass Wasting. For any questions concerning the content of these pages http://seis.natsci.csulb.edu/basicgeo/Landslide/landslid.htm

An Talk Story An Introduction to Processes and Features of Mass Wasting For any questions concerning the content of these pages please contact Bruce Perry or Samuel de Haas

135. Page Moved - Selected Internet Sites - Information Resources - Natural Hazards C Hazards Banner, May 25, 2004. This Page has Moved! Please update your bookmarks. Use this link if you are not taken to the new location http://www.colorado.edu/hazards/sites/sites.html

June 9, 2004 This Page has Moved! Please update your bookmarks. Use this link if you are not taken to the new location within 5 seconds: http://www.colorado.edu/hazards/resources/sites.html

136. Title The summary for this Chinese (Traditional) page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.nmns.edu.tw/New/PubLib/NewsLetter/150/07.htm

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