21. Asia: Kyrgyzstan - AardvarkTravel.net Travel Search Engine & Directory Kyrgyzstan All you need to know about kyrgyzstan history, culture, people, travel basics, visa information, photos, plus a collection of tours of any kind. http://www.aardvarktravel.net/directory/asia/kyrgyzstan/index.shtml

Home Asia Kyrgyzstan AardvarkTravel.net Travel Forum Discuss all aspects of travel and tourism with our fun, friendly online community. Get advice for a forthcoming trip or share your experiences and help others. Click here for banner advertising information Central Asia Explorer Kyrgyzstan CAE Kyrgyzstan is a tour company that operates throughout the central region. Our company offers a wide range of traveling programs: travels along the GSR, MTB and horse riding tours, trekking and mountaineering, etc. Fantastic Kyrgyzstan All you need to know about Kyrgyzstan: history, culture, people, travel basics, visa information, photos, plus a collection of tours of any kind. Global Tours Central Asia Tours and treks in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Georgia and Armenia. Kyrgyzstan Flat A light and cosy flat in the center of the capital on the 4th floor of a residential house, near the Victory Square, close to the central Avenue Chui. Two blocks down there are two gigantic buildings: Hyatt Regency Hotel and Dostuk Hotel. Kyrgyzstan.org

22. History Of Kyrgyzstan - InfoSearchPoint.com History of Kyrgyzstan. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The earliest descendants of the Kirghiz people, who are believed to http://www.infosearchpoint.com/display/History_of_Kyrgyzstan

Printable version Home Add to Favourites Make HomePage Categories Business Games Medicine Nutrition and Health ... Shopping History of Kyrgyzstan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The earliest descendants of the Kirghiz people, who are believed to be of mixed Mongol Turkic , and Kipchak descent, probably settled until the 10th century around what is now the Tyva region of the Russian Federation . With the rise of the Mongol Empire in the 13th century, the Kyrgyz migrated south. They did not emerge as a distinct ethnic group until the 15th century. Various Turkic peoples ruled them until 1685, when they came under the control of the Mongol Oirots. Islam is the predominant religion in the region, and most of the Kyrgyz are Sunni Muslims of the Hanafi school. In the early 19th century, the southern territory of Kyrgyzstan came under the control of the Khanate of Kokand , and the territory was formally incorporated into the Russian Empire in 1876. The Russian takeover instigated numerous revolts against tsarist authority, and many of the Kyrgyz opted to move to the Pamirs and Afghanistan . In addition, the suppression of the 1916 rebellion in

23. Kyrgyzstan - History . http://www.dd.volga.ru/itmc/kyrgyzstan/k_history.htm

Survey Economy History Holidays Culture Climat and weather Akayev's radical economic reforms – popular support for which was shown by a referendum – have gained strong support in the West and agencies such as the IMF and the World Bank have granted loans to keep the economy and the new currency afloat. Akayev is using the Turkish model of a non-fundamentalist Islamic policy coupled with Western free-market economics as the basis for his reforms. In December 1995, Akayev was re-elected for a second 5-year term defeating two other candidates and attracting 60% of the vote. The Kyrghyz Republic is a sovereign and unitary republic based on democracy and principles of rightful temporal state. The Kyrghyz Republic sovereignty is not restricted and works on all the territory. The people of Kyrghyzstan is the object of souvereignty and the only sauce of state power of the Kyrhgyz Republic.

24. Kyrgyzstan World. United States. history Gov't. Biography. Sports. Arts Ent revolt by the Kyrgyz people in 1916. kyrgyzstan became part of the Soviet Federated Socialist Republic in 1924 http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107698.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips World Countries Kyrgyzstan Infoplease Atlas: Kyrgyzstan The Kyrgyz Republic President: Askar Akayev (1990) Prime Minister: Nikolay Tanayev (2002) Area: 76,641 sq mi (198,500 sq km) Population (2004 est.): 5,081,429; (Kyrgyz, 52.4%; Russian, 18%; Uzbek, 12.9%; Ukrainian, 2.5%; German, 2.4%; other, 11.8% ) (growth rate: 1.2%); birth rate: 22.1/1000; infant mortality rate: 36.8/1000; life expectancy: 67.8; density per sq mi: 66 Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Bishkek (formerly Frunze), 824,900 Other large city: Osh 225,600 Monetary unit: Som Languages: Kyrgyz (official); Russian is de facto second language of communication Ethnicity/race: Kyrgyz 52.4%, Russian 18%, Uzbek 12.9%, Ukrainian 2.5%, German 2.4%, other 11.8% Religions: Islam, 75%; Russian Orthodox, 20%; other, 5%

25. World History Archives: The History Of Qirghizstan (Kyrgyzstan) The history of Qirghizstan (kyrgyzstan) Hartford Web Publishing is not the author of the documents in World history Archives and does not presume to validate their accuracy or authenticity nor to release their copyright.   http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/53/index-e.html

The history of Qirghizstan (Kyrgyzstan) Hartford Web Publishing is not the author of the documents in World History Archives The history in general of Central Asia The contemporary political history of Qirghizstan (Kyrgyzstan) The social history of Qirghizstan (Kyrgyzstan) ... The culture history of Qirghizstan (Kyrgyzstan)

26. Peace Corps | World Wise Schools | Lesson Plans | Teacher Guides | Kyrgyzstan will learn about key points in kyrgyzstan's history and will relate them to major events compare events that ocurred there with kyrgyzstan's history. A history of kyrgyzstan http://www.peacecorps.gov/wws/guides/kyrgyzstan/hist.html

Destination: Kyrgyzstan Activities for Grades 10 - 12 A History of Kyrgyzstan Geography Standards: (17) How to apply geography to interpret the past; (18) How to apply geography to interpret the present and plan for the future. Objective: Students will learn about key points in Kyrgyzstan's history and will relate them to major events in world history. Materials Needed: Encyclopedias, history books, (or comparable software) and access to the internet Activity Sheet A History of Kyrgyzstan for each student (or students may work together) Background: Though Kyrgyzstan is an isolated country surrounded in many places with mountains that are as high as 20,000 feet, it has still been affected by the currents of history. Its location and mountain passes placed Kyrgyzstan on the overland trade routes between the East and the West. Since earliest times, Kyrgyzstan has been influenced by events in the rest of the world particularly China, the Middle East and Europe. However, the country's high mountains had a significant impact on its history by serving as a barrier that helped preserve the traditional Kyrgyz culture. The country's first democratically elected president, Askar Akaev, wrote about the mountains in a 1994 essay entitled Kyrgyzstan on the Road to Democracy and Social Progress. "It was our mountains," he said, "that shielded my people in times of trial, and quenched their thirst by thousands of their rivers and springs, provided them with food, and filled them with faith in their strength, wisdom, and love of fellow-men."

27. Kyrgyzstan Early History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Res kyrgyzstan Early history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan_history_early_history.html

HISTORY INDEX Country Ranks Introduction History ... [TOP] Kyrgyzstan Early History http://workmall.com/wfb2001/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan_history_early_history.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies < BACK TO HISTORY CONTENTS The modern nation of Kyrgyzstan is based on a civilization of nomadic tribes who moved across the eastern and northern sections of present-day Central Asia. In this process, they were dominated by, and intermixed with, a number of other tribes and peoples that have influenced the ultimate character of the Kyrgyz people. Early History Stone implements found in the Tian Shan mountains indicate the presence of human society in what is now Kyrgyzstan as many as 200,000 to 300,000 years ago. The first written records of a Kyrgyz civilization appear in Chinese chronicles beginning about 2000 B.C. The Kyrgyz, a nomadic people, originally inhabited an area of present-day northwestern Mongolia. In the fourth and third centuries B.C., Kyrgyz bands were among the raiders who persistently invaded Chinese territory and stimulated the building of the original Great Wall of China in the third century B.C. The Kyrgyz achieved a reputation as great fighters and traders. In the centuries that followed, some Kyrgyz tribes freed themselves from domination by the Huns by moving northward into the Yenisey and Baikal regions of present-day south-central Siberia. The first Kyrgyz state, the Kyrgyz Khanate, existed from the sixth until the thirteenth century A.D., expanding by the tenth century southwestward to the eastern and northern regions of present-day Kyrgyzstan and westward to the headwaters of the Ertis (Irtysh) River in present-day eastern Kazakstan. In this period, the khanate established intensive commercial contacts in China, Tibet, Central Asia, and Persia.

28. Kyrgyzstan/History - Encyclopedia Article About Kyrgyzstan/History. Free Access, encyclopedia article about kyrgyzstan/history. kyrgyzstan/history in Free online English dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. kyrgyzstan/history. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Kyrgyzstan/History

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Kyrgyzstan/History Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The earliest descendants of the Kirghiz Kirghiz (also Kyrgyz ) are a Turkic ethnic group found primarily in Kyrgyzstan. It is considered that there are 40 Kirghiz tribes. This is translated by the yellow sun in the center of the flag of Kyrgyzstan, which has 40 rays. The Kirghiz form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. See also: Kyrgyz language Click the link for more information. people, who are believed to be of mixed Mongol The Mongols are an ethnic group that originated in what is now Mongolia, Russia, and China, particularly Inner Mongolia. They currently number about 10 million and speak the Mongol language. They form one of the 56 nationalities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. History Though few in number (approximately 200,000 people at the height of their empire), Mongols were important in world history. Under the leadership of Genghis Khan, the Mongols created the largest land empire in world history, ruling 13.8 million square miles and more than 100 million people. At their height, their empire spanned from Korea to Hungary, and included most of the lands in between, such as Afghanistan, Georgia, Armenia, Russia, Persia, and much of the Middle East. Click the link for more information.

29. A Short Kyrgyzstan's History facts, maps, flags and pictures from countries around the world. A Short kyrgyzstan s history. Search Google for another short kyrgyzstan s history. http://www.abacci.com/atlas/history3.asp?countryID=244

30. A Short History Of Kyrgyzstan facts, maps, flags and pictures from countries around the world. A Short history of kyrgyzstan. Search Google for another short history of kyrgyzstan. http://www.abacci.com/atlas/history.asp?countryID=244

31. Kyrgyzstan - History Early history. Stone implements found in the Tian Shan mountains indicate the presence of human society in what is now kyrgyzstan as many as 200,000 to 300,000 http://countrystudies.us/kyrgyzstan/1.htm

History Kyrgyzstan Table of Contents The modern nation of Kyrgyzstan is based on a civilization of nomadic tribes who moved across the eastern and northern sections of present-day Central Asia. In this process, they were dominated by, and intermixed with, a number of other tribes and peoples that have influenced the ultimate character of the Kyrgyz people. Early History Stone implements found in the Tian Shan mountains indicate the presence of human society in what is now Kyrgyzstan as many as 200,000 to 300,000 years ago. The first written records of a Kyrgyz civilization appear in Chinese chronicles beginning about 2000 B.C. The Kyrgyz, a nomadic people, originally inhabited an area of present-day northwestern Mongolia. In the fourth and third centuries B.C., Kyrgyz bands were among the raiders who persistently invaded Chinese territory and stimulated the building of the original Great Wall of China in the third century B.C. The Kyrgyz achieved a reputation as great fighters and traders. In the centuries that followed, some Kyrgyz tribes freed themselves from domination by the Huns by moving northward into the Yenisey and Baikal regions of present-day south-central Siberia. The first Kyrgyz state, the Kyrgyz Khanate, existed from the sixth until the thirteenth century A.D., expanding by the tenth century southwestward to the eastern and northern regions of present-day Kyrgyzstan and westward to the headwaters of the Ertis (Irtysh) River in present-day eastern Kazakstan. In this period, the khanate established intensive commercial contacts in China, Tibet, Central Asia, and Persia.

32. Kyrgyzstan - The Soviet Union And Recent History Recent history. As democratic activism stirred in kyrgyzstan s cities, events in Moscow pushed the republic toward unavoidable independence. Ethnic Conflict. http://countrystudies.us/kyrgyzstan/4.htm

The Soviet Union and Recent History Kyrgyzstan Table of Contents Following a brief period of independence after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution (see Glossary) toppled the empire, the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan was designated the Kara-Kyrghyz Autonomous Region and a constituent part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union) in 1924. In 1926 the official name changed to the Kyrgyz Autonomous Republic before the region achieved the status of a full republic of the Soviet Union in 1936. Recent History In the late 1980s, the Kyrgyz were jolted into a state of national consciousness by the reforms of Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev and by ethnic conflict much closer to home. As democratic activism stirred in Kyrgyzstan's cities, events in Moscow pushed the republic toward unavoidable independence. Ethnic Conflict The most important single event leading to independence grew from an outburst of ethnic friction. From the perspective of the Kyrgyz, the most acute nationality problem long had been posed by the Uzbeks living in and around the city of Osh, in the republic's southwest. Although Kyrgyzstan was only about 13 percent Uzbek according to the 1989 census, almost the entire Uzbek population was concentrated in Osh Province. Tensions very likely had existed between the Kyrgyz and the Uzbeks throughout the Soviet period, but Moscow was able to preserve the image of Soviet ethnic harmony until the reforms of Gorbachev in the mid-1980s. In the general atmosphere of

33. History Of Kyrgyzstan Article on history of kyrgyzstan from Worldhistory.com, licensed from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Return Index history of kyrgyzstan. http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/H/History-of-Kyrgyzstan.htm

World History (home) Encyclopedia Index Localities Companies Surnames ... This Week in History History of Kyrgyzstan History of Kyrgyzstan in the news The earliest descendants of the Kirghiz people, who are believed to be of mixed Mongol Turkic , and Kipchak descent, probably settled until the 10th century around what is now the Tyva region of the Russian Federation. With the rise of the Mongol Empire in the 13th century, the Kyrgyz migrated south. They did not emerge as a distinct ethnic group until the 15th century. Various Turkic peoples ruled them until 1685, when they came under the control of the Mongol Oirots. Islam is the predominant religion in the region, and most of the Kyrgyz are Sunni Muslims of the Hanafi school. In the early 19th century, the southern territory of Kyrgyzstan came under the control of the Khanate of Kokand, and the territory was formally incorporated into the Russian Empire in 1876. The Russian takeover instigated numerous revolts against tsarist authority, and many of the Kyrgyz opted to move to the Pamirs and Afghanistan . In addition, the suppression of the 1916 rebellion in

34. Columbus World Travel Guide - Asia - Kyrgyzstan - History And Government World Travel Guide kyrgyzstan - history and Government - includes information on the constitution and politics. http://www.travel-guide.com/data/kgz/kgz580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/Asia/Kyrgyzstan/HistoryandGovernment'; document.write('Research Kyrgyzstan hotels at TripAdvisor'); Contact Addresses General Information Passport/Visa Money ... Asia /Kyrgyzstan KYRGYZSTAN History and Government History: Government: Under the constitution accepted by referendum in 1994, legislative power is vested in the bicameral 105-strong Jogorku Kenesh . One-third of its members sit in a permanent lower chamber; the other two-thirds meet twice a year in the upper chamber. The whole parliament is elected every 5 years, as is the president, who holds executive power along with an appointed prime minister and Council of Ministers, subject to the approval of the Jogorku Kenesh About Us Terms and Conditions Feedback Site Credits ... Web Hosting

35. NebulaSearch Encyclopedia Kyrgyzstan/History---Kyzyl Kum kyrgyzstan/historyKyzyl Kum. kyrgyzstan/history; kyrgyzstan/Military; kyrgyzstan/People; kyrgyzstan/Temp; kyrgyzstan/Transnational_issues; http://www.nebulasearch.com/encyclopedia/contents/132935-132960-Kyrgyzstan/Histo

NebulaSearch Top Encyclopedia Top NebulaSearch Encyclopedia Index Main Index Kyrgyzstan/History-Kyzyl Kum Kyrgyzstan/History Kyrgyzstan/Military Kyrgyzstan/People Kyrgyzstan/Temp ... Kyzyl-Kum NebulaSearch Directory

36. Kyrgyzstan/History Travel Guide kyrgyzstan history history. The earliest notable residents of what is now kyrgyzstan were warrior tribes of Saka (also known as Scythians), from about the 6th century BC to the http://www.nebulasearch.com/encyclopedia/article/Kyrgyzstan/History.html

NebulaSearch Home NebulaSearch Encyclopedia Top Kyrgyzstan/History Main Index Kyrgyzstan/History..................Kyzyl_Kum Kyrgyzstan/History NebulaSearch article for Kyrgyzstan/History Please see No results found. Related Links NebulaSearch This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License . It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Kyrgyzstan/History" Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor

37. Index.html Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Tashkent, accredited to Uzbekistan, kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. Features a history of IndonesiaUzbekistan bilateral relations. http://www.indonesia.embassy.uz/

EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA 73, Yahyo Gulomov street, Tashkent 700000, Uzbekistan. Phone: (998-71) 1320236-38; 1321276. Fax: (998-71) 1206540; 1330513. E-mail: tashkent@indonesia.embassy.uz.

38. Kyrgyzstan - History, News And Information About Kyrgyzstan Geography. Location Central Asia kyrgyzstan is located to the west of China. Area Admin Regions by Area. Capital Bishkek. Short history. http://www.russiannewsnetwork.com/countries/kyrgyzstan.html

Russian News Network Home Kyrgyz Republic Short Form: Kyrgyzstan Geography Location: Central Asia Kyrgyzstan is located to the west of China Area Admin Regions by Area Total: 198,500 sq km Land: 191,300 sq km Water: 7,200 sq km Population Population by Administrative Regions Total: 4,892,808 Ethnic groups: Kyrgyz 52.4%, Russian 18%, Uzbek 12.9%, Ukrainian 2.5%, German 2.4%, other 11.8% Religions: Muslim 75%, Russian Orthodox 20%, other 5% Languages: Kyrgyz - official language, Russian - official language note: in December 2001, the Kyrgyzstani legislature made Russian an official language, equal in status to Kyrgyz Principal Cities Cities Ranked by Population Capital: Bishkek Short History According to recent findings of Kyrgyz and Chinese historians, Kyrgyz history dates back to 201 B.C. The earliest descendents of the Kyrgyz people, who are believed to be of Turkic descent, lived in the northeastern part of current Mongolia. Later, some of their tribes migrated to the region that is currently southern Siberia and settled along the Yenisey River, where they lived from the 6th until the 8th centuries. They spread across what is now the Tuva region of the Russian Federation, remaining in that area until the rise of the Mongol Empire in the 13th century, when the Kyrgyz began migrating south. In the 12th century, Islam became the predominant religion in the region. Most Kyrgyz are Sunni Muslims of the Hanafi school. During the 15th-16th centuries, the Kyrgyz people settled in the territory currently known as the Kyrgyz Republic. In the early 19th century, the southern territory of the Kyrgyz Republic came under the control of the Khanate of Kokand, and the territory was formally incorporated into the Russian Empire in 1876. The Russian takeover instigated numerous revolts against tsarist authority, and many Kyrgyz opted to move into the Pamir mountains or to Afghanistan. The suppression of the 1916 rebellion in Central Asia caused many Kyrgyz to migrate to China.

39. British Embassy, Almaty Home Accredited to Kazakhstan and kyrgyzstan, though located in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Includes a detailed history of diplomatic relations since January 1992. http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/kazakhstan/

Short cut.. Contact Us Doing Business with the UK Events HM Ambassador Passports Services for UK Companies Travel Advice Visas Street Furmanova 173 Visa/Consular Section: 158 Panfilova Street Almaty Contact us - Opening hours Welcome to the homepage of the British Embassy in Almaty This website is designed to provide information about the activities, services and the role of the British Embassy in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. It also provides details of relevant external links to other organizations of interest, and gives visitors the opportunity to seek further information as required. HM Ambassador's Speeches - James Sharp The Ambassador recently made two speeches and full transcripts are available on-line: Kazakhstan and the Region British investment in Kazakhstan

40. Kyrgyzstan The Soviet Union And Recent History history. Following a brief period of independence after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution (see Glossary) toppled the empire, the territory of presentday kyrgyzstan http://www.country-studies.com/kyrgyzstan/the-soviet-union-and-recent-history.ht

The Soviet Union and Recent History Following a brief period of independence after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution (see Glossary) toppled the empire, the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan was designated the Kara-Kyrghyz Autonomous Region and a constituent part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union) in 1924. In 1926 the official name changed to the Kyrgyz Autonomous Republic before the region achieved the status of a full republic of the Soviet Union in 1936. Recent History In the late 1980s, the Kyrgyz were jolted into a state of national consciousness by the reforms of Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev and by ethnic conflict much closer to home. As democratic activism stirred in Kyrgyzstan's cities, events in Moscow pushed the republic toward unavoidable independence. Ethnic Conflict The most important single event leading to independence grew from an outburst of ethnic friction. From the perspective of the Kyrgyz, the most acute nationality problem long had been posed by the Uzbeks living in and around the city of Osh, in the republic's southwest. Although Kyrgyzstan was only about 13 percent Uzbek according to the 1989 census, almost the entire Uzbek population was concentrated in Osh Province. Tensions very likely had existed between the Kyrgyz and the Uzbeks throughout the Soviet period, but Moscow was able to preserve the image of Soviet ethnic harmony until the reforms of Gorbachev in the mid-1980s. In the general atmosphere of

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