81. Demystifying Africa's Absence In Venezuelan History And Culture was the basis for my book La didspora kongo en Venezuela 7 Jesus Garcia, africa en Venezuela Bantu languages, the pluralizing prefix ba means people and is http://www.venezuelanalysis.com/articles.php?artno=1088

82. People Like Me Viewer's Guide: Dance Style Locator : Haitian Dance Haitian Dance. AfroHaitian Folkloric Danse kongo and mixed with elements of the Haitian indigenous Indian,(the In People Like Me 2001, Group Petit la Croix http://www.worldartswest.org/plm/guide/locator/haitian.shtml

DANCES BY YEAR: current year DANCES BY STYLE (all styles, all years) 2004 Movement Styles: South African: Gumboot Bolivian/Peruvian Andes: Andean Dance Hawaiian: Hula North Indian: Kathak ... Spanish: Flamenco Related Topics: Body Music Plate Tectonics by Miriam Phillips (PDF download: 635KB) Haitian Dance Afro-Haitian Folkloric: Danse Kongo When Africans were brought to the Caribbean island of Haiti as slaves, they carried deep within themselves their rituals and cultural traditions. Songs and dances from many parts of Africa, and from diverse African cultures and ethnic groups crossed paths and mixed and fused there, creating new, uniquely Haitian expressions. Some of the old traditions, songs and dances remained, predominantly from the Congo, and the Dahomey region, but they evolved through time, and mixed with elements of the Haitian indigenous Indian,(the Arawak), and the French, who occupied Haiti. Like in the neighboring island of Cuba, the Africans who found themselves in a new land with new rules were innovative and ingenious in maintaining their beliefs, customs, and sacred and social art forms, while surviving arduous, restrictive, and oppressive conditions. Important religious traditions involving dance, music, and spirit possession, were transmitted through generations and continue to this day. Gods and goddesses called

83. French Colonies - Congo (formerly Middle Congo) M. Turnbull, The Forest People (1987 Major Languages, French (official), Monokutuba, Lingala, kongo. Major Religions, indigenous local systems, Roman Catholicism http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Congo.shtml

home boutique bookstore travel center ... help! Colonies France Paris Provinces Introduction: Colonies Algeria Cameroon Chad Comoros Cote d'Ivoire Crozet Islands Dahomey (Benin) French Equatorial Africa French Guiana French Guinea (Guinea) French Polynesia French Somaliland (Djibouti) French Sudan (Mali) French West Africa Gabon Guadeloupe Haiti Indochina Kerguelen Islands Louisiana Madagascar Martinique Mauritania Mayotte Middle Congo (Congo) Montserrat Morocco New Caledonia New France (Canada) Niger Pondicherry Reunion Rodrigues Senegal Seychelles St. Barthelemy St. Martin Terre Adelie Togo Tunisia Ubangi-Shari (Central Afr. Rep.) Upper Volta (Burkina Faso) Other Former Colonies Boutique Travel Center Site Map Select any topic in menu, then click "GO". BROWSE OUR SERVICES: Introduction Airline Tickets Airport Shuttle Car Leasing Car Rentals Cruises Currency Free City Guides Guided Tours Hotel Suites Medical Coverage Rail Passes Rebate Offers Specials Travel Guides Trip Insurance Vacation Rentals Youth Hostels YOUR ONE-STOP SOURCE! CONGO-PARIS: Transnational Traders on the Margins of the Law Place cursor over book to read a review and to see purchase information.

84. Africaneers the Dutchspeaking settlers. The Dutch government forbade enslaving indigenous people of southern africa. They did allow the importation http://www.imb.org/southern-africa/peoplegroups/africaneers.htm

Up [ Africaneers ] amaZulu Antonadroy Bara Basotho ... Yemeni Arabs Africaneers People Profile The Afrikaners Religion: Christianity, Secularism Population: 3,155,000 (1996 estimate) Status: 100% Evangelized, 99% Cultural Christians, 50% Evangelical Location: Afrikaners live in the Republic of South Africa. A few are found in farming enterprises in other southern Africa countries. During the colonial period, several hundred farmed in Kenya. Since the end of apartheid and the move to majority rule, South Africans have been active in business or import-export contacts in many African countries. History: In 1652 a small company of employees of the Dutch East India Company were settled on the southern tip of Africa in order to establish a refreshment station for the Company's ships en route to the Far East. From this group of Dutchmen the Afrikaners were to develop. From 1688 to 1700, they were joined by about 200 French Huguenots, Protestant refugees from Catholic France. Despite language and cultural differences, a shared commitment to the Reformed faith enabled these two groups to merge into one, and to this day many Afrikaans-speaking people in South Africa have surnames which can be traced back to the Huguenots. German refugees further swelled their numbers. For more than a hundred years after the first settlement, the Dutch Reformed Church was the only legally permitted and established church on South African soil. In time, groups of settlers moved away from the Cape settlement into the hinterland to develop farms there. The indigenous people of the Cape at that time were the Khoikhoi people, many of whom worked as laborers on the farms of the Dutch-speaking settlers. The Dutch government forbade enslaving indigenous people of southern Africa. They did allow the importation of slaves or indentured servants from the Malay peoples of Indonesia and Malaysia. The first Malay slaves arrived in 1657. Others slaves were imported from West Africa.

85. Traditions And Encounters | Multiple Choice D), forging a military alliance with neighboring kongo. 5. The indigenous religions of subSaharan African were Dutch colonization, while the people of Angola http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072424354/student_view0/chapter26/multipl

Student Center Instructor Center Information Center Home ... World History PowerWeb Choose a Chapter Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Table of Contents Overview Interactive Maps Multiple Choice Quiz ... Web Links Feedback Help Center Traditions and Encounters, 2/e Jerry H. Bentley, University of Hawai'i Herbert F. Ziegler, University of Hawai'i AFRICA AND THE ATLANTIC WORLD Multiple Choice Sunni Ali's administration of the Songhay was strengthened by A) a system of provincial governors. B) an effective chain of military command. C) an imperial navy to patrol the Niger River. D) the profitable trans-Saharan traffic. E) all of the above. Which of the following was not conquered or defeated by the Portuguese?

86. Democratic Republic Of The Congo/People - Encyclopedia Article About Democratic The most numerous people are the kongo, Luba, and Mongo The indigenous population consists of three ethnic groups The Tutsis are a pastoral people who arrived in http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Democratic Republic of the Congo/Peopl

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Democratic Republic of the Congo/People Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The population of DROC was estimated at 46.7 million in 1997. As many as 250 ethnic groups have been distinguished and named. The most numerous people are the Kongo, Luba, and Mongo. Although 700 local languages and dialects are spoken, the linguistic variety is bridged both by the use of French and the intermediary languages Kikongo, Tshiluba, Swahili, and Lingala. About 80% of the Congolese population are Christian, predominantly Roman Catholic. Most of the non-Christians adhere to either traditional religions or syncretic sects. Traditional religions embody such concepts as monotheism, animism, vitalism, spirit and ancestor worship, witchcraft, and sorcery and vary widely among ethnic groups; none is formalized. The syncretic sects often merge Christianity with traditional beliefs and rituals. The most popular of these sects, Kimbanguism, was seen as a threat to the colonial regime and was banned by the Belgians. Kimbanguism, officially "the church of Christ on Earth by the prophet Simon Kimbangu," now has about 3 million members, primarily among the Bakongo of Bas-Congo and Kinshasa. In 1969, it was the first independent African church admitted to the World Council of Churches. Before independence, education was largely in the hands of religious groups. The primary school system was well-developed at independence; however, the secondary school system was limited, and higher education was almost nonexistent in most regions of the country. The principal objective of this system was to train low-level administrators and clerks. Since independence, efforts have been made to increase access to education, and secondary and higher education have been made available to many more Congolese. Despite the deterioration of the state-run educational system in recent years, about 80% of the males and 65% of females, ages 6-11, were enrolled in a mixture of state- and church-run primary schools in 1996. At higher levels of education, males greatly outnumber females. The elite continues to send their children abroad to be educated, primarily in Western Europe.

87. Kitsch Parade :: Christian Influence On Kongo Religious And Royal Arts The figure of Christ shows indigenous attributes in intimate relationship with the kongo people, this figure s In art objects, kongo traditionalism is subtly http://kitschparade.ath.cx/wri/kongo.phtml

BLOG (foto) BLOG WRITING on ART a GALLERY ... HIRE me Christian Influence on Kongo Religious and Royal Arts The influence of Christianity on African history and culture is usually thought of as an outgrowth of colonialism, but in the case of the Kongo integration of Christianity with the indigenous religion, European influence led to the decline of Christian tradition after 1850.(1) Kongo Christianity took a "distinctly African form, widely accepted both in Kongo and in Europe as being the religion of the country. This was possible because Kongo, as a voluntary convert, had considerable leeway to its particular form of Christianity.(2)" In addition to local convention in ritual, the art forms influenced by the imported religion have a completely different formal and symbolic character than the indigenous religious sculpture. Additionally, the regalia of the Kongo court placed emphasis on the display and use of both traditions. Christianity came to the Kingdom of Kongo via the Portuguese in the 15 th century; the king was among the first converts. According to Thornton, "Kongolese were proud to call themselves Catholics—Christianity set true Kongolese aside from their neighbors, and in their view made them superior to the 'heathens,' even those who spoke dialects of the same KiKongo language.(3)" A famous revival movement was led by Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita in the 18

88. African Initiated Churches (AICs) african Instituted Churches or african indigenous Churches) are Pentacostals in Christianity in South africa, edited by links to a number of people who are http://www.bethel.edu/~letnie/AfricanChristianity/SSAAICs.html

African Christianity Homepage Christianity in Africa South of the Sahara AICs Christianity in Africa South of the Sahara Homepage Roman Catholic Missions 1450-1890 Kongo Christianity Roman Catholic Missions 1890-1960 ... Protestant Missions 1890 - 1960 African Indpendent Churches African/Ethiopian Churches Aladura Zionists African Initiated Churches (AICs, since the initials can stand equally well for African Independent Churches, African Instituted Churches or African Indigenous Churches) are African churches which were founded by Africans and function without referring to western missions or churches. They range from churches that are indistinguishable from Mission churches to those which are really African traditional religions using Christian vocabulary. AICs are strongest and most numerous in Kenya, Nigeria and Southern Africa, though there are hardly any in Tanzania, Uganda, or Sierra Leone. Most AICs are protestant churches. As Adrian Hastings phrased it: "African Catholics were being good Catholics (putting the unity and authority of the Church first), African Protestants were being good Protestants, members of a tradition in which Church unity had always taken second place." [Hastings 528] Their protestant roots allowed the AICs to break away from the mission churches with few qualms. Most AICs share the protestant stress on the authority of the Bible, usually read literally. They differ from most mission churches in that they read the Bible with an African cultural background rather than a western cultural background, which made it easier to read some things literally than the missionaries.

89. Forest Forum Action alert from kongo. The forest and its millions of indigenous inhabitants. Congolese NGOs representing the 35 million people who depend on DRC s. http://elonmerkki.net/dyn/forum/thread/?id=137

90. AfricaRevealed - Precolonial Angola And The Arrival Of The than with the history of the indigenous populations. AD The Bantu speakers were a Negroid people, adept at most important of these was the kongo Kingdom, which http://www.africarevealed.com/Templates/er2.0/bundle/default.jsp?nodeId=59607

91. Military.org -- CountryWatch.com southcentral Zaire and Kikongo with the kongo of southwestern become the most prominent of the indigenous languages. It is the language of the people from the http://www.countrywatch.com/mi_topic.asp?vCOUNTRY=40&SECTION=SOCIAL&TOPIC=CLPEO&

92. Maailma.net - Artikkelit Aiheesta: Botswana reaching consequences for indigenous people globally, South africa s high court http://fi.oneworld.net/article/country/72/

maailma.net Tiedonhaku Afrikka Eteläinen Afrikka ... Botswana Etsi OneWorldin sivuilta Jäsenten sivuilta OneWorld.net OneWorld Africa OneWorld Austria OneWorld Canada OneWorld Finland OneWorld Italy OneWorld Latin America OneWorld Netherlands OneWorld South Asia OneWorld Spain OneWorld SouthEast Europe OneWorld UK OneWorld United States AIDSChannel CanalSIDA Digital Opportunity Kids Channel LearningChannel UUTISET TIEDONHAKU JÄSENET OSALLISTU ... ONEWORLD-VERKOSTO Eteläinen Afrikka Botswana Bouvet'nsaari Etelä-Afrikka Heard and McDonald Islands ... Swazimaa Artikkelit aiheesta: Botswana Voit tarkentaa hakua haluamillasi kriteereillä tai käyttää hyväksesi valikkoa sivun vasemmassa laidassa. Hakusana Teema Valitse ihmisoikeudet gender kansalaisoikeudet alkuperäiskansat seksuaalisuus syrjäytyminen uskonto vammaisuus vähemmistöpolitiikka kehitys capacity building energia kalastus kehitysyhteistyö katastrofiapu kaupungit koulutus köyhyys lapset liikenne maanomistus asuminen maatalous nuoriso pakolaiset avustustyö ruoka siirtolaisuus soveltava teknologia syrjäytyminen turismi työ väestö vapaaehtoisuus vesi ja viemäröinti politiikka geopolitiikka globalisaatio hallinto aktivismi kansalaisyhteiskunta laki oikeus ja rikos codes of conduct demokratia sota ja rauha henkilömiinat konflikti konfliktinratkaisu rauha terrorismi turvallisuus ydinaseet YK talous kauppa kuluttaminen liiketoiminta luotto/investointi mikroluotto rahoitus velka yhtiöt terveys aids huumeet lapsikuolleisuus

93. The Blacksmith's Art From Africa to interpret the metallurgical processes the people witnessed when inexpensive iron onto the shores of africa. By 1920 indigenous furnaces ceased to produce http://www.africans-art.com/index.php3?action=page&id_art=363

94. Democratic Republic Of Congo - The People And Their History First indigenous Societies. Different groups of people speaking Bantu languages migrated during the first Wellknown are the kongo, Luba, Lunda and Kuba Empires http://www.pcusa.org/pcusa/wmd/ep/country/dempeop.htm

Ecumenical Partnership Central and West Africa Democratic Republic of Congo Democratic Republic of Congo DRC The People and Their History The rain forest covering most of the Congo River basin obscures archaeological sites, making knowledge of human origins in present-day Congo and evidence of past societies scarce. First Indigenous Societies By the middle of the second millennium A.D., the Bantu had begun to organize themselves into small states governed by chiefs, some of which were later formed into larger kingdoms. Well-known are the Kongo, Luba, Lunda and Kuba Empires. In that same period, two groups of people speaking non-Bantu languages started to penetrate the northern region. These migrations have laid the basis for the Congo's present day population, comprising of numerous ethnic groups which are designated by the external boundaries. Explorations, Slave Raids and Colonialism In the fifteenth century, Portuguese explorers landed on the coast at the mouth of the Congo River. There they found an organized society, the Bakongo Kingdom, which included parts of areas presently known as Angola, Congo (Kinshasa) and Congo (Brazzaville). The Portuguese named the area, Congo, after this kingdom and soon after their arrival they began buying slaves from the Kongo people. The impact of this trade on local communities became even more disastrous with extensive slave raids carried out by Afro-Arabs from Zanzibar. These events caused a serious depopulation of the area and crippled the Congo for almost 400 years.

95. AllRefer Reference - Angola - Precolonial Angola And The Arrival Of The Portugue than with the history of the indigenous populations. The Bantu speakers were a Negroid people, adept at most important of these was the kongo Kingdom, which http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/angola/angola13.html

You are here allRefer Reference Angola History ... Angola Angola PRECOLONIAL ANGOLA AND THE ARRIVAL OF THE PORTUGUESE Although the precolonial history of many parts of Africa has been carefully researched and preserved, there is relatively little information on the region that forms contemporary Angola as it was before the arrival of the Europeans in the late 1400s. The colonizers of Angola, the Portuguese, did not study the area as thoroughly as British, French, and German scholars researched their colonial empires. The Portuguese, in fact, were more concerned with recording the past of their own people in Angola than with the history of the indigenous populations. The limited information that is available indicates that the original inhabitants of present-day Angola were hunters and gatherers. Their descendants, called Bushmen by the Europeans, still inhabit portions of southern Africa, and small numbers of them may still be found in southern Angola. These Khoisan speakers lost their predominance in southern Africa as a result of the southward expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples during the first millennium A.D. The Bantu speakers were a Negroid people, adept at farming, hunting, and gathering, who probably began their migrations from the rain forest near what is now the Nigeria-Cameroon border. Bantu expansion was carried out by small groups that made a series of short relocations over time in response to economic or political conditions. Some historians believe that the Khoisan speakers were peacefully assimilated rather than conquered by the Bantu. Others contend that the Khoisan, because of their passive nature, simply vacated the area and moved south, away from the newcomers.

96. Joshua Project - Peoples By Country Profiles People Name General Ma. indigenous Fellowship of 100 http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rop3=105949&rog3=CG

97. Joshua Project - Peoples By Country Profiles People Name General Bangobango. indigenous Fellowship of 100+ http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rop3=100987&rog3=CG

98. Black People - African American Poetry, Discussion, Voice Chat Forum - African S whole villages or took sides in indigenous disputes; whilst attraction over simple and ignorant people that they he assumed the throne of the kongo there were http://www.destee.com/forums/showthread.php?t=14634&page=4

99. The People's Prophet - Christian History to India when he sailed into the kongo River in so with uniquely African elements cakes made with indigenous grains and that God did not know us black people. http://www.christianitytoday.com/ch/2003/003/10.32.html

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