41. World History Archives: The Contemporary Political History Of Qazaqstan (Kazakhs World history Archives The contemporary political history of Qazaqstan(kazakhstan). The history in general of Qazaqstan (kazakhstan). http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/53/index-bb.html

The contemporary political history of the Republic of Qazaqstan (Kazakhstan) Hartford Web Publishing is not the author of the documents in World History Archives The history in general of Qazaqstan (Kazakhstan) Kazakhstan: The Rigged Parliament is Dissolved; The Authoritarian Regime Remains By Boris Kagarlitsky, 28 March 1995. President Nursultan Nazarbaev's move toward nationalism destroyed ethnic harmony, and in 1994 he introduced IMF neoliberal prescriptions. This led to improverishment, corruption, and mass protest. So he overrode parliament and the constitution and rules by decree. Pentagon flexes muscles By Leslie Feinberg, in Workers World, 25 September 1997. U.S. dropping of parachuters into Kazakhstan serves as a warning to anyone questioning the capitalist government there. What is happening in Kazakhstan? By Rob Jones, A-Infos News Service, 22 January 1998. The opposition to the regime is in a very weak position. Notwithstanding an almost blanket ban on strikes and demonstrations, there have been many protests in the last year but with the communication difficulties and general repressive atmosphere most parties and organisations are disorganised and geographically isolated. Break the information blockade on repression in Kazakhstan. Free Kurmanov, Kolokolov and Nikolaev!

42. Columbus World Travel Guide - Asia - Kazakhstan - History And Government World Travel Guide kazakhstan - history and Government -includes information on the constitution and politics. http://www.travel-guide.com/data/kaz/kaz580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/Asia/Kazakhstan/HistoryandGovernment'; document.write('Research Kazakhstan hotels at TripAdvisor'); Contact Addresses Overview General Information Passport/Visa ... Asia /Kazakhstan KAZAKHSTAN History and Government History: Archaeological excavations indicate that the south of Kazakhstan was inhabited by man as early as the Palaeolithic Era and tribes were breeding cattle and producing bronzeware by the middle of the 2nd millennium BC. By the beginning of the 1st millennium BC, the Saks tribe occupied the territory of the steppes, the Savromat tribe the north and west of Kazakhstan, the Kangues the Syr-Daria River area and the Usuns (whose writing, weapons and jewellery have been preserved) the south. Later, the Huns, who bred cattle, made handicrafts and possessed a well-organised army, occupied Kazakhstan. By the 4th century AD, most of the Saks and Usuns had moved west and new individual states began to appear, such as Westturkic Khanate, which was established by Turkish tribes trading on the Silk Road. During the 8th and 9th centuries, the Syr-Daria region and lands around the Aral Mountains were settled by Kimak tribes; the largest and strongest were the Kipchaks, considered the primary ancestors of the present-day Kazakhs. The 10th century was a time of considerable economic, social and cultural progress. Islam was declared the state religion and some outstanding works of literature in the Turkic language were written. The Mongols invaded in the 13th century and Genghis Khan and his army completely destroyed most of the towns and settlements and portioned the land out between his sons. However, by the 15th century, the Kazakh Khanate state was formed, consisting of the remaining descendants of the Saks, Usuns and Kangues of the West Turkic Khanate, and a gradual revival of agriculture, urban culture and trade relations was taking place.

43. The Football Union Of Kazakhstan Official site. history, national team, league and cup results. English/Russian http://www.fsk.kz/engl/indexe.htm

HOME MANAGEMENT SUPERLEAGUE CUP ... ENG HISTORY Asian Cups TEAMS Superleague Clubs National Team U-19 Team U-17 Team ... Futsal Team KAZAKHSTAN CHAMPIONSHIP Superleague First League Second League INTERNATIONAL CLUBS TOURNAMENTS Champions League UEFA Cup CIS Champions Cup Accreditation of the “The Instruction of the Football Union of Kazakhstan on Licensing of football clubs of the Republic of Kazakhstan according to the UEFA standards". On 31 of July by the UEFA Administration was accredited “The Instruction of the Football Union of Kazakhstan on Licensing of football clubs of the Republic of Kazakhstan according to the UEFA standards". We offer to your attention the official accreditation confirmation, received from the Chief Executive of UEFA Gerhard Aigner and the UEFA Senior Manager Marcel Benz on 11.08.2003. “To the Football Union of Kazakhstan UEFA Club Licensing – Accreditation national licensing manual We refer to your National Licensing Manual submitted to us for accreditation in March 2003 and subsequently revised according to our comments and remarks and submitted to us again for fast review on 25.07.2003.

44. Travel & Tours In Kazakhstan - History Of Kazakhstan BRIEFLY STATED history OF kazakhstan. The movements, conflicts, and alliancesof Turkic and Mongol tribes determined the history of kazakhstan. http://www.sitara.com/kazak/history.html

CHOOSE A DESTINATION - country - Afghanistan China Iran Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Pakistan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan HOME TOURS Kazakhstan General Info ... Contact BRIEFLY STATED HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN Chronology of significant events Humans have inhabited the territory of present-day Kazakhstan since the earliest Stone Age. The early history of Kazakhstan is a shadowy procession of nomad empires, mostly moving in from the east and hedging around with much uncertainty, since they had left few written records or other traces. Around 500 BC the territory of present-day southern Kazakhstan was inhabited by the Saka, nomadic people considered as a part of the vast network of Scythian cultures. One southern Saka tribe, the Massagetes, succeeded in repelling Alexander the Great in the 4 th century BC.

45. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Kazakhstan : History (CIS And Baltic Political Geography AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon kazakhstan history, CIS And Baltic Political Geography. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/K/Kazakhstan-history.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 09, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia CIS And Baltic Political Geography ... Kazakhstan By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z K Kazakhstan, CIS And Baltic Political Geography Related Category: CIS And Baltic Political Geography Kazakhstan or Kazakstan Pronunciation Key History In 1916 the Kazakhs rebelled against Russian domination and were in the process of establishing a Western-style state at the time of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, but by 1920 the region was under the control of the Red Army. Organized as the Kirghiz Autonomous SSR in 1920, it was renamed the Kazakh Autonomous SSR in 1925 and became a constituent republic in 1936. During the Stalin era, collectivization was instituted and millions of Kazakhs were forced to resettle in the region's south in order to strengthen Russian rule. In the early 1960s parts of republic saw extensive agricultural development as the Virgin Lands Territory Kazakhstan declared its independence from the Soviet Union on Dec. 16, 1991, and the new nation became a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States . Nursultan Nazarbayev became the country's first president and soon began a gradual movement toward privatization of the economy. In 1994, Kazakhstan signed a series of security agreements with the United States, in which the latter would take control of enriched uranium usable for nuclear weapons and aid Kazakhstan in removing extant nuclear weapons, closing missile silos, converting biological-weapons-production centers, and destroying its nuclear test ranges. These projects were financed by the United States, and many had been completed by late 1999.

46. Kazakhstan - History In history they are known under the names of Saks, Massagets and Casps. By the endof the Bronze Age population of kazakhstan turned to the nomadic livestock http://www.grida.no/enrin/htmls/kazahst/soe2/soee/nav/info/history.htm

History in Brief and Chronology of the State Main peculiarities of the Kazakhstan community at the present stage:

47. JDC | Programs Worldwide | Former Soviet Union | Kazakhstan | History mission history awards speakers archives contact us, Africa/Asia Americas Cent andEast Europe Europe Former Soviet Union Israel, Former Soviet Union /kazakhstan. http://www.jdc.org/p_fsu_kaz_history.html

mission history awards speakers ... > Uzbekistan The majority of Jews living in Kazakhstan are Ashkenazim . Most arrived in the region during and after World War II. The Jewish community is comprised primarily of Russian-speaking Jews who identify strongly with Russian culture. Smaller numbers of Bukharan and Mountain Jews can be found, particularly in the capital city of Astana. Kazakhstan was the last former Soviet republic to declare its independence. Despite greater freedom, life in Kazakhstan has grown more difficult. Since 1989, living standards have deteriorated drastically due to slow market reforms, widespread corruption and an alarming rise in illegal narcotics. The health care system is in shambles because of lack of funds. The rural population, the poorest, has been particularly hard-hit. Change in current living conditions remains doubtful. Between 1989 and 2001, 17,764 Jews emigrated to Israel. JDC has established a strong presence in Kazakhstan – both among the elderly members of the community whose families made aliyah and among younger Jews who are seeking to reconnect to their Jewish heritage. The challenges are many, but JDC is committed helping Kazakhstan’s struggling Jewish community.

48. CNS - Former Soviet Biological Weapons Facilities In Kazakhstan BW system. The second part deals with the history and current statusof the four major BW facilities in kazakhstan. The third part http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/opapers/op1/op1.htm

CNS Occasional Papers FORMER SOVIET BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS FACILITIES IN KAZAKHSTAN: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE Kazakhstani facilities involved in the research and development, production, and testing of biological weapons (BW) played a key role in the former Soviet BW program.(1) Although a number of open publications have addressed the former Soviet program in recent years, few have examined the Kazakhstani portion of the system.(2) This report provides a history of Kazakhstani BW facilities and describes their current status and future prospects. The example of Kazakhstan also highlights the technical, economic, and financial problems associated with converting former BW facilities to peaceful activities in the post-Cold War era. The first part of this report is devoted to an overview of the Soviet BW system. The second part deals with the history and current status of the four major BW facilities in Kazakhstan. The third part examines the potential for commercial production at these facilities and the obstacles they have faced on the road to conversion. The final part discusses the future prospects for conversion and environmental remediation and makes some policy recommendations. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SOVIET BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS PROGRAM The Biopreparat Complex Other BW-Related Centers KAZAKHSTANI ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM Kazakhstani BW facilities belonged to various parts of the Soviet BW structure and reported to different central authorities in Moscow.(25) The four main facilities were the Vozrozhdeniye Island open-air test site in the Aral Sea, the Scientific Experimental and Production Base (SNOPB) in Stepnogorsk, the Scientific Research Agricultural Institute (NISKhI) in Gvardeyskiy, and the Anti-Plague Scientific Research Institute in Alma-Ata. These facilities are described in greater detail below.

49. East Kazakhstan Presentation of the region, history, culture, economy and government. http://biblio.ukg.kz/eng/

50. History Of Kazakhstan In 1991, new country the Republic of kazakhstan - appeared on the geopoliticalmap of the world. kazakhstan has a multi-millennia history and culture. http://www.kz/eng/history/hist1.html

An ancient land of the Kazakhs. In 1991, new country - the Republic of Kazakhstan - appeared on the geopolitical map of the world. Kazakhstan has a multi-millennia history and culture. One of the central question is the origin of it's native people, Kazakhs, and the development of their statehood, culture, traditions, and relations with other civilisations. If written sourses are examined, it can be concluded that the Kazakh statehood was completely formed by 1470 when sultans Janibek and Girey organised numerous tribes in the south-eastern areas and combined them into a single 'Kazakh' tribe. In the beginning ot the 16th century, when Kasymkhan ruled over these lands, the Kazakh khanate strengthened: its borders were expanded and the khanate included the cities of Turkestan, Otrar, Sairam, Sauran, Sygnak, Suzak and Chimkent which were located on the Syr Darya river. Kazakhs became well-known both in Europe and Asia. The 16th century is a milestone in the Muslim world history. This was the time when a new age began. V. Bartold, an outstanding orientalist, wrote: "In the new history of Islam, the pace of changing dynasties, the general instability of power, and small states where no patriotism could exist came to there opposite - uniting of states which took place there. We see the Muslim empire of Great Mogul in India, then Turkey, Persia...". That was the approximate time when the Kazakh, Bukhar, and Yarken khanates were established in Central Asia. Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Kyrgyzes, and Karakalpaks, all speaking Turkic languages, claimed their rights in the historic arena.

51. History Of Kazakhstan Until recently, the common opinion was that kazakhstan lands were inhabited mainlyby of the first millennium AD is a true milestone in the history of Kazakhs http://www.kz/eng/history/hist5.html

An ancient land of the Kazakhs. The majority of historians believe that the Androns, Scythians and Usuns had a constitution of a European type which is supported by anthropological research. However, since the fifth0sixth centuries A.D. representatives of the mongol race appeared on the steppes of Eurasia, including the Kazakh steppe, and their number increased rapidly. The language situation was also rather difficult. Until recently, the common opinion was that Kazakhstan lands were inhabited mainly by those who spoke languages of Indo-European and Indo-Iranian subfamilies. However, now there is some evidence which proves that some of the Bronze Age tribes, especially the Scythians, spoke proto-Turkic languages. A silver bowl with an inscription of 26 characters on the bottom was found in the 'old man' grave, the Issyk mound. This inscription have not yet been decrypted. Some scientists believe that it is one of Iranian languages, others - that it is a proto-Turkic one. In any case, this was the time when come the appearance and the language of the Medieval and modern Kazakhs, their psychological stereotypes, customs and many features of culture and live-style began their development. The middle of the first millennium A.D. is a true milestone in the history of Kazakhs and for all Turkic peoples. An ancient Turkic source glorifying the famous warrior Kul-Tegin who belonged to the royal family, said about the beginning of the new age in the great steppe: "When the blue sky above and the brown earth below were created, then the human race was created. My ancestors Bumyn-kagan and Istemi-kagan reigned the human race. Having started their reign, they protected the state and established the laws of the Turkic people". The empire of ancient Turks stretched from the Pacific Ocean to the Black sea.

52. LookSmart - Article Search For " Kazakhstan History" FOR · Advanced Search · Help. You are Here Articles Search. Results for +kazakhstan+history from FindArticles (showing 1 10 of 143), About. http://www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/PI/search.jhtml?isp=FA&cat=news&key=+Kazakhst

53. History Of Kazakhstan Search. 20th Century history history of kazakhstan. Britannica.com kazakhstanhistory A lengthy encyclopedic history from Britannica.com. http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxkazakhstan.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History 20th Century History Home ... Free, Email Newsletter zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Decade By Decade Great Events of the Century Horrible Disasters Quiz Yourself ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About 20th Century History newsletter. Search 20th Century History History of Kazakhstan Britannica.com: Kazakhstan History A lengthy encyclopedic history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below the article to navigate through the complete text of this extensive encyclopedia entry. Country Study: Kazakhstan This comprehensive book-length information from the Library of Congress includes an entire chapter (chapter one) of history of the country. Flags of the World: Kazakhstan Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of Kazakhstan A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site. Infoplease.com: Kazakhstan

54. Kazakhstan US Library of Congress A very dated (1996) but still valuable Country Study Handbookon kazakhstan, including chapters on kazakhstan s history, society http://www.fe.doe.gov/international/kazakhstan.html

KAZAKHSTAN An Energy Overview of Kazakhstan includes information about Kazakhstan's energy policy, a lengthy description of the energy situation in Kazakhstan, an environmental summary, plus brief privatization and economic summaries. (Prepared by DOE Office of Fossil Energy) LINKS TO BUSINESS INFORMATION SOURCES ON KAZAKHSTAN US-DOE Energy Information Administration - Country Analysis Brief on Kazakhstan. A description of Kazakhstan's energy economy, including Oil, Natural Gas, and Electricity. Elsewhere at this site is an overview of Kazakhstan's energy market privatization activities, some regional energy issues , and a somewhat dated (year 2000) but still useful Country Energy Balance for Kazakhstan with information on oil, coal, natural gas, and electricity. CIA World Factbook 2003 - A very useful information summary about Kazakhstan, including sections on geography, people, government, economy, communications, transportation, military forces, and transnational issues. U.S. Department of Commerce

55. History Of Kazakhstan Affiliate; Make Money. kazakhstan. No Brief history Currently Available,Brief history; Main Country Page; Vital Statistics; Embassy Info; http://www.worldrover.com/history/kazakhstan_history.html

Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Kazakhstan No Brief History Currently Available Brief History Main Country Page Vital Statistics Embassy Info Travel Guides Search Net: History Free Clip Art w/ Flags! home guides ... embassies

56. Kazakhstan Maps, Pictures, History And More kazakhstan. Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassyinfo, flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email http://www.worldrover.com/country/kazakhstan_main.html

Travel Books Used Books Bestsellers Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Kazakhstan Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassy info, flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email us if you have any questions or suggestions. Search the Net for: Travel Guides source: CIA World Factbook 1999 Vital Statistics Brief History Embassy Info Travel Guides Search Net: Term Paper Search Net: Travel Free Clip Art w/ Flags! Slash your student loans 53%!! Thanks Uncle Sam!! home ... embassies

57. History Modern and Recent history of kazakhstan. On the whole the process of formationof the Kazakh ethnic national group came to completion in XIVXV centuries. http://www.president.kz/articles/history/history_container.asp?lng=en&art=new

58. History The borders enclosed kazakhstan, steppe areas of West Siberia, the Altai, northernareas of Central Asia. Central kazakhstan. An alliance of tribes. http://www.president.kz/articles/history/history_container.asp?lng=en&art=kalend

59. History Of Kazakhstan - Reference Library history of kazakhstan. The Kazakh SSR, also called kazakhstan, was the secondlargest constituent republic of the Soviet Union, in Central Asia. http://www.campusprogram.com/reference/en/wikipedia/h/hi/history_of_kazakhstan.h

Reference Library: Encyclopedia Main Page See live article Alphabetical index History of Kazakhstan The Kazakh SSR , also called Kazakhstan , was the second largest constituent republic of the Soviet Union , in Central Asia . It was 2,717,300 square kilometres (1,063,200 square miles) in area and its capital was Alma-Ata The country is named after the Kazakh people, Turkic-speaking nomads who sustained a powerfull khanate in the region before Russian and then Soviet domination. The Soviet Union's spaceport , now known as the Baikonur Cosmodrome was located in this republic at Tyuratam , with the secret town of Leninsk being constructed to accommodate the workers at the Cosmodrome. Background: During the 1950s and 1960s Soviet citizens were urged to help settle the "Virgin Lands" of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The influx of immigrants (mostly Russians, but including some deported minority nationalities) skewed the ethnic mixture and enabled non-Kazakhs to outnumber natives. Independence has caused many of these newcomers to emigrate. Current issues include: resolving ethnic differences; speeding up market reforms; establishing stable relations with Russia, China, and other foreign powers; and developing and expanding the country's abundant energy resources. See also: Republics of the Soviet Union Abai Kunanbaev This article is from Wikipedia. All text is available under the terms of the

60. Online Encyclopedia - Kazakhstan/History A Short history of kazakhstan A Short history of kazakhstan. Sorry, no history for kazakhstan has beenadded yet. Search Google for another short history of kazakhstan. http://www.yourencyclopedia.net/Kazakhstan/History

Encyclopedia Entry for Kazakhstan/History Dictionary Definition of Kazakhstan/History The Kazakh SSR , also called Kazakhstan , was the second largest constituent republic of the Soviet Union , in Central Asia . It was 2,717,300 square kilometres (1,063,200 square miles) in area and its capital was Alma-Ata The country is named after the Kazakh people, Turkic-speaking nomads who sustained a powerful khanate in the region before Russian and then Soviet domination. The Soviet Union's spaceport , now known as the Baikonur Cosmodrome was located in this republic at Tyuratam , with the secret town of Leninsk being constructed to accommodate the workers at the Cosmodrome. Background During the 1950s and 1960s Soviet citizens were urged to help settle the "Virgin Lands" of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The influx of immigrants (mostly Russians, but including some deported minority nationalities) skewed the ethnic mixture and enabled non-Kazakhs to outnumber natives. Independence has caused many of these newcomers to emigrate. Current issues include: resolving ethnic differences; speeding up market reforms; establishing stable relations with Russia, China, and other foreign powers; and developing and expanding the country's abundant energy resources. See also Republics of the Soviet Union Abai Kunanbaev Home Alphabetical Index See our sister sites: Find a Resume Diplomat City Your Quotations Your Lookup ... Your Dogs Content on this site is provided for informational purposes only. We do not accept responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site.

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