21. History Of Lutheran Ministries In Jamaica History of Lutheran Ministries in Jamaica. PREMISSIONARY TIME, 1990-1993. The Lutheran Hour, Bringing Christ to the Nations, has http://www.cptln.org/jamaica/history.htm

History of Lutheran Ministries in Jamaica PRE-MISSIONARY TIME, 1990-1993 The Lutheran Hour, Bringing Christ to the Nations, has been aired in Jamaica since the early 1950s. There has been and is good listener response. A large percentage of people on the street recognize the program and speaker names. The Board for Mission Services of the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod reviewed the option to begin work in Jamaica twice during the decade of the 1980s. They declined to do so until 1990 when two laymen and an assistant pastor from Trinity Lutheran Church, Arapahoe, Nebraska, after touring the island, re-opened the question. Dr. Wallace Schulz, former Lutheran Hour Speaker, also supported the effort, after serving as chaplain on several medical missions to Jamaica. Two additional visits were made to the Island during the next two years by representatives of Trinity, Arapahoe, Nebraska, the Board for Mission Services of Synod and Lutheran Hour Ministries staff. Decisions made following these visits led to the formation of the Nebraska Lutheran Mission Society. An agreement was also drawn between LCMS World Mission and the Nebraska Lutheran Mission Society. The Nebraska Lutheran Mission Society would be the funding agency, paying all costs of a new mission start in Jamaica. LCMS World Mission would be the calling and supervising agency. ARRIVAL OF THE FIRST MISSIONARY, 1993

22. Negril Jamaica Sources Found On Coralseasnegril.com negril jamaica click here to enter, jamaica history, vacation package hedonism jamaica, villas in jamaica negril, jamaica rentals cottages and villas, map of http://www.coralseasnegril.com/negril_jamaica_e.html

Negril Jamaica Information Available on Coralseasnegril.com Find negril jamaica on Coralseasnegril.com. terms jamaica history jamaica rentals cottages and villas map of caribbean islands vacation package hedonism jamaica , and villas in jamaica negril Coral Seas Garden Resort, Perfectly positioned in a lush tropical garded. imagine the feeling of traversing three beautiful resorts that features majestical cliff scenery, a beautiful beach and a tranquil garden. Want to come and visit the tropics in Negril. Come visit us and we will accomodate you. Splendour, Tranquility and Serenity are just a few words to describe the mellow atmosphere at CoralSeas Resorts. Coral Seas Cliff Resort, located on Negril's dramatic cliff coastline offers elegant and refined style dining. Variety of food and drinks from our restauranta and bar on the pool terrace. Negril jamaica Splendour, Tranquility and Serenity are just a few words to describe the mellow atmosphere at CoralSeas Resorts. Coral Seas Negril is the vacation spot if you like tropical paradise and sandy beaches. The Beach Bar and Restaurant offers great dining, refreshing coctails with a variety of drink specials. The Landscape is splashed with bright flowers and ocean beaches. Homepage Products Services Help ... Site Map

23. Jamaica: History Encyclopedia—jamaica history. History to Independence. Sighted by Christopher Columbus in 1494, Jamaica was conquered and settled http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0858972.html

Encyclopedia Jamaica History History to Independence Sighted by Christopher Columbus in 1494, Jamaica was conquered and settled in 1509 by Spaniards under a license from Columbus's son. Spanish exploitation decimated the native Arawaks. The island remained Spanish until 1655, when Admiral William Penn and Robert Venables captured it; it was formally ceded to England in 1670, but the local European population obtained a degree of autonomy. Jamaica prospered from the wealth brought by buccaneers, notably Sir Henry Morgan , to Port Royal, the capital; in 1692, however, much of the city sank into the sea during an earthquake, and Spanish Town became the new capital. A huge, mostly African, slave population grew up around the sugarcane plantations in the 18th cent., when Jamaica was a leading world sugar producer. Freed and escaped slaves, sometimes aided by the maroons (slaves who had escaped to remote areas after Spain lost control of Jamaica), succeeded in organizing frequent uprisings against the European landowners. The sugar industry declined in the 19th cent., partly because of the abolition of slavery in 1833 (effective 1838) and partly because of the elimination in 1846 of the imperial preference tariff for colonial products entering the British market. Economic hardship was the prime motive behind the Morant Bay rebellion by freedmen in 1865. The British ruthlessly quelled the uprising and also forced the frightened legislature to surrender its powers; Jamaica became a crown colony.

24. History Of Jamaica Search. 20th Century History History of Jamaica. Britannica.com jamaica history A lengthy encyclopedic history from Britannica.com. http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxjamaica.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History 20th Century History Home ... Free, Email Newsletter zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Decade By Decade Great Events of the Century Horrible Disasters Quiz Yourself ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About 20th Century History newsletter. Search 20th Century History History of Jamaica Background Notes: Jamaica Historical information from the United States Department of State. Britannica.com: Jamaica History A lengthy encyclopedic history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below the article to navigate through the complete text of this extensive encyclopedia entry. Flags of the World: Jamaica Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of Jamaica A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site. Infoplease.com: Jamaica A fantastic short historical overview, contemporary data, and a map from Infoplease.com Lonely Planet: Jamaica History An in-depth history of the country from Lonely Planet, the travel guidebook company.

25. Jamaica - Jamaica History - South Coast Jamaica History Jamaica Jamaica South Coast South Coast jamaica history. South Coast. South Coast jamaica history and Information. Black River Area. http://www.all-jamaica.com/dest/southcoast_history.html

Jamaica Hotels Negril Hotels Montego Bay Hotels Jamaica Home ... Message Board The South Coast Map Exploring Area Beaches Black River ... Jamaica South Coast > South Coast Jamaica history South Coast South Coast Jamaica History and Information Black River Area This area is Architecturally significant and historic, the town of Black River is situated at the mouth of the river of the same name. Once a busy seaport which exported logwood, rum, pimento and cattle skins, the town's adventurous river is now alive with visitors aboard tour boats. The largest wetland in Jamaica is habitat for 300 crocodiles in the Black River area. The Black River is Jamaica's longest at 44 miles. Some 100 species of birds take flight. Visitors might be lucky enough to see the " crocodile dentist ," a green-back heron who swoops down to floss the teeth of open mouthed crocodiles. Mandeville Mandeville , stands 2,000 feet above sea level. It is a thriving mountain resort punctuated with trappings of British tradition and the good life. The parish gets its name from the Duke of Manchester , governor of Jamaica.

26. Jamaica: The Life Of Bob Marley Bob Marley Website presents and interesting view of the islands history. http://www.bobmarley.com/life/jamaica/

The Caribbean island of Jamaica has had a far greater impact on the rest of the world than one would expect from a country with a population of under three million. In the seventeenth century, for example, Jamaica was the world centre of piracy. From its capital of Port Royal, buccaneers led by Captain Henry Morgan plundered the Spanish Main, bringing such riches to the island that it became as wealthy as any of Europe's leading trading centres. In 1692, four years after Morgan's death, Port Royal disappeared into the Caribbean in an earthquake. Such a karmic sense of poetry is Jamaica A Rebellious Spirit A piratic, rebellious spirit has been central to the attitude of Jamaicans ever since. This is clear in the lives of Nanny, the woman who led a successful slave revolt against the English redcoats in 1738; of Marcus Garvey , who became the first prophet of black self determination in the 1920s, founding the Black Star shipping line, intended to transport descendants of slaves back to Africa; and of Bob Marley, the Third World's first superstar, with his musical gospel of love and global unity. Jamaica was known by its original settlers, the Arawak Indians, as the Island of Springs. And it is in the high country that Jamaica's unconscious resides: the primal

27. Jamaican History Jamacian history. The settlement of the first people. The first people to come to jamaica were people from Venezuela, known as the Arawaks. They are thought to have come to jamaica in two major waves, the first in 650 AD, and the second in 900 AD. http://www.bergen.org/AAST/Projects/Jamaica/jamhis.html

Jamacian History The settlement of the first people The first people to come to Jamaica were people from Venezuela, known as the Arawaks. They are thought to have come to Jamaica in two major waves, the first in 650 AD, and the second in 900 AD. They were then joined by the Caribs, who came from Guiana. While the Arawaks were a peaceful people, the Caribs were cannibalistic and fierce fighters. Much fighting arose between these two groups. Invasion by Columbus and Conquistadors Columbus came to Jamaica in 1494. With him, he brought fear, disease and terror to the Jamaicans. He named the island Jamaica because he heard tthe natives call it Xaymaca. He brought smallpox and other horrible dieases, to which islanders had no antibodies. Most of them died out soon after Columbus arrived, and those that didn't were tortured and terrorized by Columbus and his sailors. He then left and returned several years later on his last voyage to the new world. During this voyage, he spent a year stranded on Jamaica trying to rebuild his boats. The First European Settlers Soon after Columbus, in about 1510, there was an influx of Spanish Europeans. The Spanish, under the rule of Jaun de Esquivel, treated the Jamaicans no better than Columbus had and even more of the aboriginal Jamaicans died. At first they settled a beautiful area near St. Ann's Bay, and made a exquiotselty beautiful town named New Seville (sfter the governor) but then had to move due to the area's climate and swampy conditions. They then settled in present day Spanish Town. They built a beautiful city, with 500 houses and several churches. Unfortunately, none of this city remains, have rotted away after years of neglect and disuse.

28. - Jamaica Land We Love Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica Land We Love. Jamaica Information jamaica General Information includes information on history, National Hero s Symbols, Doing Business in jamaica, the Maroons, Historical Dates, jamaica FAQ http://www.jamaicans.com/info/brief.htm

Bulletin Boards Find an Old Friend Free Email Shopping ... Calendar of Events Jamaican Overview Home Jamaica Overview Brief History of Jamaica Compiled from various history books by Donna Essix I. Pre-Colombian Jamaica Prior to the arrival of Columbus in 1494, Jamaica was inhabited by Arawaks, living in simple communities based on fishing, hunting, and small scale cultivation of cassava. The impact of the contact with the Spanish was traumatic, and these communities disappeared in 70-80 years. Plunder, disruption of economic activities, new diseases, and migration decimated the indigenous population. Only a few artifacts-facts, examples of which are on display at the small museum at White Marl, and a few Spanish corruptions of place names (such as Ocho Rios) remain from this period. Otherwise, there is no Arawak influence on the subsequent development of life on the island. II. The Spanish Occupation, 1494-1655

29. JAMAICAN HISTORY I jamaicaN history I. 14941692 COLUMBUS TO THE DESTRUCTION OF PORT ROYAL. The recorded history of jamaica may be roughly divided into six periods http://www.discoverjamaica.com/gleaner/discover/geography/history1.htm

JAMAICAN HISTORY I COLUMBUS TO THE DESTRUCTION OF PORT ROYAL The recorded history of Jamaica may be roughly divided into six periods: The first period may be said to date from Columbus’ arrival in the island in 1494 to the destruction of Port Royal in 1692. This covers nearly 200 years. But very little is known about the days when the Spaniards were masters of Jamaica. On the other hand, a good deal is known about the first fifty years of Jamaica as a British colony. The second period of our history extends from.the destruction of Port Royal to the abolition of the slave trade in 1807. During this time Jamaica flourished as an agricultural colony and became very rich. It reached the height of its prosperity just before the slave trade was abolished; that is, just before the British Government decided that no more slaves were to be brought from Africa and sold as private property The third period of Jamaican history covers the years between the abolition of the slave trade and the Morant Bay rebellion in 1865. During the 46 years between the abolition of the slave trade and the rebellion, the country passed through many misfortunes and there was a great deal of misery and ill-feeling among the different classes of people in the island. The fourth period dates from 1865 to the end of July, 1914.

30. Sandals Resorts All-Inclusive Vacations Jamaica Information For Reservations 800.944.3862. Hours of Operation. 7 am 4 pm M-F. The history of jamaica. jamaica's recorded history began before the birth of Christ when Arawak Indians began arriving in tree-trunk canoes from South America. slaves to the planters. jamaica itself not only absorbed nearly one million http://www.all-inclusive.com/jam2.html

For Reservations: Hours of Operation 7 am - 4 pm M-F The History of Jamaica Jamaica's recorded history began before the birth of Christ when Arawak Indians began arriving in tree-trunk canoes from South America. A gentle people who farmed and fished, the Arawaks were ill-prepared to absorb the impact of the Spanish under Christopher Columbus on May 4, 1494. The first Spanish settlement was established at Seville Nueva near St. Ann's Bay, but the settlers soon moved the capital across the island to present day Spanish Town. Finding no precious metals, the Spanish paid scant attention to their Jamaican colony. When an English force of 5,000 men invaded the island in 1655, they offered little resistance and within a few years abandoned it as a colony. Early English settler planted crops like tobacco, cotton and cocoa and logged indigo. However, privateering and piracy helped Port Royal become one of the richest towns in the Americas and certainly the most notorious. Its title as the wickedest city on earth went down with it when most of it sank during the earthquake of 1692. The eighteenth century saw the reign of King Sugar. Vast acreage of canefields dominated the plains while hillside slopes palatial residences, like Rose Hall near Montego Bay, were built. Success of the great plantations depended upon a vast and cheap labor force. As a result, slavery was introduced into the New World. Soon, large, organized slave markets were established, consisting primarily of Africans torn forcibly from their homelands and sold as slaves to the planters. Jamaica itself not only absorbed nearly one million slaves but became a huge trans-shipment center for slaves for other colonies in the Americas.

31. History And Geography Of Jamaica Print copies of the history and Geography of jamaica. are available for purchase from any Gleaner Company Email webadmn@jamaica-gleaner.com to report problems or request assistance. http://www.discoverjamaica.com/gleaner/discover/geography

Print copies of the History and Geography of Jamaica are available for purchase from any Gleaner Company office. For more information, contact the office nearest you. Topics Agriculture Features Government Parishes ... Tourism History: Chronological Order Click the Back button to return to this index. Go-Jamaica Discover Jamaica Gleaner Online webadmn@jamaica-gleaner.com to report problems or request assistance.

32. - Jamaica Land We Love Jamaica Jamaica Jamaica Land We Love. Jamaica Information Historical information on jamaica from PreColombian jamaica to present. Compiled by Donna Essix, hosted by jamaicas.com http://jamaicans.com/info/brief.htm

Bulletin Boards Find an Old Friend Free Email Shopping ... Calendar of Events Jamaican Overview Home Jamaica Overview Brief History of Jamaica Compiled from various history books by Donna Essix I. Pre-Colombian Jamaica Prior to the arrival of Columbus in 1494, Jamaica was inhabited by Arawaks, living in simple communities based on fishing, hunting, and small scale cultivation of cassava. The impact of the contact with the Spanish was traumatic, and these communities disappeared in 70-80 years. Plunder, disruption of economic activities, new diseases, and migration decimated the indigenous population. Only a few artifacts-facts, examples of which are on display at the small museum at White Marl, and a few Spanish corruptions of place names (such as Ocho Rios) remain from this period. Otherwise, there is no Arawak influence on the subsequent development of life on the island. II. The Spanish Occupation, 1494-1655

33. Jamaicans.com jamaica Overview history, National Heroes Symbols, Doing Business. jamaican Music Reggae Timeline, Artists, Sound Clips. Photo Gallery jamaica Photos, Scenes. http://www.jamaicans.com/

forums jamaican news send e-cards shopping ... Travel Guide Hotel Guide, Trip Reports, Attractions Jamaican Recipes Typical Meals, Traditional Recipes Destination Guide Jamaican Culture Folk Songs, Anancy Stories, Jamaican Phrases Speak Jamaican Glossary, Sound Clips, Learning Patois Jamaica Overview Jamaican Music Reggae Timeline, Artists, Sound Clips Photo Gallery Jamaica Photos, Scenes Jamaica Primetime Featured Articles, People To Watch, Opinions, Tidbits Jamaicans Overseas Jamaicans Abroad, Overview, City Guides Jamaican Links Related Sites, Submit A Link, Rate Sites Helping Jamaica Kids Guide to Jamaica Information for School Projects, Activities, Simple Recipes Fun Stuff Contest, E-cards, Screen savers, wallpapers, crossword puzzles Site Search advertisement THIS MONTH'S FEATURES [In Travel Guide] Driving from Montego Bay to Negril - Driving in Jamaica This month our travel columnist John Casey writes about Driving from Montego Bay to Negril. By John Casey JAMAICAN NEWS AND COMMUNITY EVENTS JAMAICA NEWSWEEKLY For the Week ending June 04, 2004

34. Politics And History Of Jamaica http://www.discoverjamaica.com/politics.html

Go-LocalJamaica Advertising Gleaner Online Search About The Gleaner Advertising Business Directory Calendar of Events ... Youthlink Jamaica Views of Jamaica Greeting Cards Screensavers About the Gleaner Agriculture Sending a go-jamaica CALL CARD Climate The Economy of Jamaica The Land and the People Physical Features Government, Public Utilities and Communications How Jamaica is governed Government and Politics of Jamaica 1494-1692 Columbus to the destruction of Port Royal 1692-1782 Foundation of Kingston to the battle of the saints 1783-1807 Rodney's victory to the abolition of the slave trade 1808-1865 Declining importance- emacipation -Morant Bay rebellion 1866-1913 Crown colony government 1914-1962 World war 1 to 1962 general elections 1962-1971 Post Independence 1972-1983 Post Independence 1984-1993 Post Independence Investment In Jamaica

35. Jamaica A Brief History Including The Climate In Jamaica, The Population In Jama jamaica General Information includes information on history, National Hero's Symbols, Doing Business in jamaica, the Maroons, Historical Dates, jamaica FAQs, moving to jamaica, and Work jamaican Overview. Home jamaica Overview Brief history of jamaica. jamaica the island and people Geographyjamaica is the third largest Caribbean island, measuring 146 miles at http://www.jamaicans.com/info/fact.htm

Bulletin Boards Find an Old Friend Free Email Shopping ... Calendar of Events Jamaican Overview Home Jamaica Overview Jamaica the island and people Compiled from various books and experience by Xavier Murphy Geography: Jamaica is the third largest Caribbean island, measuring 146 miles at its widest point. Primarily of volcanic origin, the lush island features a mountain ridge that peaks at Blue Mountain which is 7,402 feet high. Many white-sand beaches and clear seas ring the island. Population: The population of Jamaica was 2.4 million in 1990, with an average annual rate of growth of 1.1% from 1980 to 1990. Approximately 45% of the people are 19 years or under, and a little less than 8% are above 65. Based on the census of 1982, at least 48% of the population was urban; in 1943, the census estimated the urban population at that time to be 15%. People: The people of Jamaica have emerged from a historical process in which peoples of all the continents were brought together within a well-defined social hierarchy. The vast majority are of African descent, but there are well established, but small, Indian, Chinese, Arab, and European communities as well. Jamaican culture is a particular synthesis of all these cultures. Popular culture is heavily influenced by the African heritage, while formal behavior is unmistakably British in style. While it is arguable that the popular speech of Jamaicans is a distinct language from English, it was derived largely from English which has been the official language for over 300 years. The influence of the USA is becoming more evident, reflecting the closer ties with that society.

36. Handbook Of Texas Online: JAMAICA BEACH, TX Community history and information. http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/JJ/hljmq.html

format this article to print JAMAICA BEACH, TEXAS . Jamaica Beach is on Farm Road 3005 and West Bay just south of Galveston Island State Park qv on Galveston Island, southwest Galveston County. The site, that of a former Karankawa burial ground, was developed in 1957 by Johnny Goyen and Earl Galceran of the Jamaica Corporation, as a resort subdivision by a marina. The 2,000-lot development, which attracted Houston buyers, was incorporated on May 12, 1975. By 1978 it had a population of 141, and in 1988 it reached 446 residents but had no businesses. In 1990 the population was 624. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Earl Wesley Fornell, The Galveston Era: The Texas Crescent on the Eve of Secession (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1961). Galveston County, Texas: An Economic Base Study (University of Houston Center for Research on Business and Economics, 1965). Ray Miller, Ray Miller's Galveston (Houston: Cordovan Press, 1983). Diana J. Kleiner top of page about search help ... suggest an article topic The Handbook of Texas Online is a joint project of The General Libraries at the University of Texas at Austin and the Texas State Historical Association Comments to:

37. GlobalEDGE (TM) | Country Insights - Overview Of Jamaica Includes statistics, history, economy and government. http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/countryintro.asp?CountryID=135

38. Jamaica - History Of Jamaica If you are into history. . .Kingston might be your first choice. Kingston is the capital of jamaica and the major commercial centre. http://www.fantasyisle.com/history.htm

jamaica homepage real estate hotels and ... history geography recipes taxi tours watersports ... SOUTHCOAST This page offers quite a bit of useful information about Jamaica. Follow the links to find more specific information on particular parts of our country. If we have left anything out . . . webmaster@fantasyisle.com Jamaica is the largest and most westerly Englisspeaking island in the Caribbean, 90 miles south of Cuba and 550 miles south of Miami. It has low coastal plains. Its best beaches on the north and west coast. Jamaica is mountainous in the interior, with a peak in the Blue Mountains of 7,402 feet. Only a one and a half hour flight from Miami, Jamaica is easy to get to and a fun place to be. Jamaica is one of the largest islands in the Caribbean (nearly 4500 square miles) giving you lots of places to discover and endless miles of beaches to explore. Most of our visitors arrive at the Montego Bay International airport. Some choose to stay in Montego Bay . Most head either east or west to explore Jamaica first hand. Negril is located on the western tip of Jamaica, one and a half hours from "Mobay" and is the home to the finest sunsets in the world and the worlds greatest beach.

39. Columbus World Travel Guide - Caribbean - Jamaica - History And Government World Travel Guide jamaica - history and Government - includes information on the constitution and politics. http://www.travel-guide.com/data/jam/jam580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/Caribbean/Jamaica/HistoryandGovernment'; document.write('Research Jamaica hotels at TripAdvisor'); Contact Addresses Overview General Information Passport/Visa ... Caribbean /Jamaica JAMAICA History and Government History: The island was inhabited by Arawak Indians prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1494. A few years later, it was formally colonised by the Spanish whose rule lasted until 1655. They were displaced by the British who turned Jamaica into the most important of the British Caribbean slaving colonies. Within 100 years, virtually the whole island had been divided up into large plantations owned by absentee landlords and worked by forced labour imported from West Africa. After the abolition of slavery in 1834, Jamaica became relatively prosperous under orthodox colonial rule until the early 20th century when a spate of natural disasters, compounded by the depression of the 1930s, sent the economy into decline. The 1930s also saw the rise of black political activity and trade union organisation, forming in the process the rivalries that characterise modern Jamaican politics. Since independence in 1962, the political arena has been dominated by the struggle between the right-wing Jamaican Labour Party (JLP) and the leftist People’s National Party (PNP). The JLP held power throughout the 1960s, but lost the national election of 1972 to the PNP under the leadership of Michael Manley. Manley’s father Norman had founded the PNP and the younger Manley shared the radical socialist agenda of his father. The PNP programme was widely popular throughout the island and despite growing economic difficulties, the PNP were returned to office in 1976 with an increased majority. However, Manley had begun to develop close relations with Cuba, which inevitably brought down the wrath of the US government. The Americans provided substantial backing for the rival JLP and its leader, Edward Seaga.

40. Croal jamaica. jamaican history Timeline. circa 6000 BC Indian troops settle jamaica; circa AD 600 Arawak Indians come to jamaica; 1494 Christopher http://www.ddg.com/LIS/InfoDesignF97/malyce/timeline.htm

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