41. An Atlas Of Cyberspaces- Historical Maps JANET logical map 1992 click for larger image. See the internet history 1962-1992 from The Computer Museum History Center for more old maps of the Net. http://www.cybergeography.org/atlas/historical.html

Introduction Whats New Conceptual Artistic ... Historical Historical Maps of Computer Networks A range of the historical maps of ARPANET, the Internet, Usenet, and other computer networks, tracing how these pioneering networks grew and developed. The pioneering research of Paul Baran in the 1960s, who envisioned a communications network that would survive a major enemy attacked. The sketch shows three different network topologies described in his RAND Memorandum, "On Distributed Communications: 1. Introduction to Distributed Communications Network" (August 1964). The distributed network structure offered the best survivability. A rough sketch map of the possible topology of ARPANET by Larry Roberts . The map was drawn in the late 1960s as part of the planning for the network. (Scanned from Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet , by Katie Hafner and Matthew Lyon, page 50.) In the beginning ....

42. Ksoft- PrivacyDummy! Clear History, Erase Internet History, Free Download With PrivacyDummy!, you can quickly and easily view your history tracks and clean your PC with one click. Click scan to see the history tracks on your PC. http://www.dummysoftware.com/privacydummy.html

Clear Internet history, Erase PC tracks, Protect your privacy PopupDummy! CDStartDummy! FTPDummy! UninstallDummy! ... Internet Notepad or 1-800-414-4268 Purchase today for only $29.95. Did you know that your PC and web browser can leave detailed histories of sites you've visited, files you've opened, images you've viewed, and more? With PrivacyDummy!, you can quickly and easily view your history tracks and clean your PC with one click. PrivacyDummy! can clean all critical history tracks from your PC including: Web Sites Visited, Typed URLs, Auto-Fill Forms, Cache, Cookies Windows Temporary Files, Programs Opened, Documents Opened Last User Logged In, Dial-up Networking, Clipboard Data

43. Technology Review: MIT's Magazine Of Innovation A new kind of utility that offers supercomputer processing on tap. By M. Mitchell Waldrop May 2002, Is internet history about to repeat itself? Maybe. http://www.technologyreview.com/articles/waldrop0502.asp

SEARCH: 2 FREE ISSUES FREE NEWSLETTER CUSTOMER SERVICE FREE DIGITAL ISSUE ... RESEARCH NEWS TOPICS Biotech / Healthcare Business Computing Energy ... Expanded List SPONSORED LINKS Coming in 2005! JUICE: The Inventor's Fuel. A 6-episode television series. Now get 25 COMMISSION-FREE trades at Ameritrade. Are your IT and business goals aligned? Find out now! The article you requested is available only to current Technology Review magazine subscribers SUBSCRIBERS LOGIN HERE E-MAIL: PASSWORD: ALREADY A SUBSCRIBER? Paid subscribers to Technology Review magazine receive FREE unlimited access to technologyreview.com First Name Last Name Company Title Address City State AA AE AK AL AP AR AS AZ CA CO CT DC DE FL GA GU HI IA ID IL IN KS KY LA MA MD ME MI MN MO MS MT NC ND NE NH NJ NM NV NY OH OK OR PA PR RI SC SD TN TX UT VA VT WA WI WV WY Zip E-mail Country: USA Canadian Subscriptions Foreign Subscriptions 1 MONTH – Just $4.99 IMMEDIATE UNLIMITED access to technologyreview.com for 1 month plus 1 issue of Technology Review both for just $4.99. Automatically renewing, billed to your credit card each month. Cancel or change to Annual at any time.

44. Burton's Bookmarks: Internet History Bookmark folder Top internet history Introduction to Mosaic Communications Corp. Copyright 20012004 Kevin A. Burton ( burton@openprivacy.org ). http://www.peerfear.org/bookmarks/Internet_History/index.shtml

home stack about bio ... Zoe Bookmark folder: Top Internet History Introduction to Mosaic Communications Corp burton@openprivacy.org

45. Padawan.info: A Cornerstone In France’s Internet History April 10, 2004. A cornerstone in France’s internet history. I’ve been told that a few non Frenchspeaking people are interested http://www.padawan.info/france/a_cornerstone_in_frances_internet_history.html

padawan.info an apprentice weblog Main April 10, 2004 Daniel denounced the both of you). For your reading pleasure, here is the latest round, in synch with my French post about it. In January, I told you about the LEN , Loi sur la , which provoked a flurry of outraged reactions from the French internet actors, last but not least the francosphere (aka the French blogosphere). Your servitor, in a midst of analysis about this law project, launched the first French Google bomb in the middle of this mess. An anecdote in the history of the French internet, but an ironic one since its victim claims his law will be a cornerstone in said history. The Padawan is looking forward to writing about other interesting divergence of views between the old Europe (which is proud of its age as the Queen says) and the U.S., notably with respect to privacy policies and spam. Or strange similarities, on the contrary, like on electronic voting. One thing at a time. Posted by François at April 10, 2004 03:49 PM Post a comment ( comment policy Name: Email Address: URL: Remember personal info (eat a cookie)?

46. The History Of The Internet davesite.com / webstation / net history Click Here. The history of the internet. By Dave Kristula, March 1997 / Update August 2001. http://www.davesite.com/webstation/net-history.shtml

davesite.com webstation / net history The History of the Internet By Dave Kristula, March 1997 / Update: August 2001 HTML Tutorial CSS Guide Internet 101 JavaScript Guide ... 1996-Present The USSR launches Sputnik, the first artificial earth satellite. In response,the United States forms the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) within theDepartment of Defense (DoD) to establish US lead in science and technology applicable to the military. Backbones: None - Hosts: None RAND Paul Baran, of the RAND Corporation (a government agency), was commissioned by the U.S. Air Force to do a study on how it could maintain its command and control over its missiles and bombers, after a nuclear attack. This was to be a military research network that could survive a nuclear strike, decentralized so that if any locations (cities) in the U.S. were attacked, the military could still have control of nuclear arms for a counter-attack. Baran's finished document described several ways to accomplish this. His final proposal was a packet switched network. "Packet switching is the breaking down of data into datagrams or packets that are labeled to indicate the origin and the destination of the information and the forwarding of these packets from one computer to another computer until the information arrives at its final destination computer. This was crucial to the realization of a computer network. If packets are lost at any given point, the message can be resent by the originator."

47. Hobbes' Internet Timeline - The Definitive ARPAnet & Internet History Early Experiences with the ARPANET and internet in the UK by Peter Kirstein http//www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/jon/arpa/internethistory.html Additional books of http://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/

Growth FAQ Sources Hobbes' Internet Timeline v7.0 by Robert H'obbes' Zakon Zakon Group LLC If you enjoy the Timeline or make use of it in some way, please consider a contribution USSR launches Sputnik, first artificial earth satellite. In response, US forms the Advanced Research Projects Agency ( ARPA ), the following year, within the Department of Defense (DoD) to establish US lead in science and technology applicable to the military (:amk:) Leonard Kleinrock, MIT: " Information Flow in Large Communication Nets " (May 31) First paper on packet-switching (PS) theory On-Line Man Computer Communication " (August) Galactic Network concept encompassing distributed social interactions Paul Baran, RAND: " On Distributed Communications Networks Packet-switching networks; no single outage point ARPA sponsors study on "cooperative network of time-sharing computers" TX-2 at MIT Lincoln Lab and AN/FSQ-32 at System Development Corporation (Santa Monica, CA) are directly linked (without packet switches) via a dedicated 1200bps phone line; Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) computer at ARPA later added to form "The Experimental Network" Lawrence G. Roberts, MIT: "Towards a Cooperative Network of Time-Shared Computers" (October)

48. Internet Ancient History Sourcebook internet Ancient history Sourcebook The goal of this site is to provide access to primary source texts about ancient history. The site organizes texts to make them more useful for classroom http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook.h

49. Nerds 2.0.1 Nerds 2.0.1, The intrepid Robert X. Cringely leads us on another adventure, this time delving into the history of the internet. Nerds http://www.pbs.org/opb/nerds2.0.1/

GFI MailSecurity's HTML threat engine found HTML scripts in this email and has disabled them. The intrepid Robert X. Cringely leads us on another adventure, this time delving into the history of the Internet. Nerds 2.0.1 is the sequel to his first special, Triumph of the Nerds Other Cringely Sites

50. History Of The Internet And Web history of the internet and Web A Brief history of the internet from the internet Society. Hobbes' internet Timeline by Robert Zakon http://www.anderbergfamily.net/ant/history

History of the Internet and Web If I have seen farther than others, it is because I stood on the shoulders of giants. - Isaac Newton Anthony Anderberg ant@anderbergfamily.net Last updated: 1/5/2003 700 BC Homing pigeons carry messages in ancient Greece. May 4th In a letter Florentine merchant Francesco Lapi uses the @ sign for the first time in recorded history. Galileo Galilei discovers the moon's terrain and Jupiter's four largest moons. His view of the heavens as a place started a scientific revolution, and would forever change how we view the universe around us. Danish physicist Hans Christian Orsted discovers that a wire carrying an electric current creates a field that deflects a magnetic needle, a discovery that would eventually lead to the creation of the telegraph. William F. Cooke and Charles Wheatstone install the first railway telegraph in England. May 24th Samuel F.B. Morse demonstrated a magnetic telegraph using his Morse Code to send the message 'What hath God wrought' from Baltimore to Washington. August The first transatlantic cable is installed between Ireland and Canada. Unfortunately the signal was so weak and indistinguishable from background noise that it took hours to send a few words. The owners tried to fix the situation by boosting the voltage from 600 to 2000 volts, melting the cable's insulation and leaving it dead in the water. Later cables installed in 1866 were successful and remained in use for almost 100 years.

51. Internet Society (ISOC) All About The Internet: History Of The Internet An authoritative history, written by some of those who were most closely associated with its creation and development. http://www.isoc.org/internet-history/brief.html

52. Trenches On The Web - Reference Library An history of the Great War of 1914 to 1918 presented in internet format. Contains various articles and features from authors around the world. http://www.worldwar1.com/reflib.htm

When Who What Where ... Help One water bottle for 40 men by G.P. Hoskins Welcome to the renovated Reference Library. Veteran visitors will have noted that the old Reference Library was getting a bit large and cumbersome (not to mention a long download). The large sections such as biographies have been split out into their own separate pages. The buttons at the top and bottom of the page will still take you to the appropriate section. I've included a clickable site map below which will take you directly to the index page you select. For new visitors, there is a brief description of each of these index pages beneath the site map and legend. I hope this new method helps you find your way around a bit more efficiently. If you have a newer browser, the site map will be clickable. If you are using an older model browser, the same selections are available under the map and legend. In addition to this map, there is a quick jump navigation tool at the bottom of most pages. Just click the arrow to bring up a list of major locales, select one, then click the " Go " button.

53. Internet & World Wide Web History HTML Info ECommerce Web history Computer Humor Anti-Spam Info, internet World Wide Web history. Silicon Valley to internet Valley history http://www.elsop.com/wrc/h_web.htm

About Products Free Trial Purchase ... Anti-Spam Info [ History of: The Web The Computer Computer Companies People ... Silicon Valley to Internet Valley History Try a Free Evaluation Copy of our Product: LinkScan LinkScan is a website quality assurance tool that checks links and produces two types of SiteMaps using multi-threaded simultaneous processing that provides reports on HTML pages readable from any browser on any platform. Get a free evaluation copy Electronic Software Publishing Corporation (Elsop)

54. The Internet's History And Development ACM / Crossroads / Xrds21 / The internet s history and Development The internet s history and Development. From Wartime Tool to the Fish-Cam. by Scott Ruthfield. http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds2-1/inet-history.html

The Internet's History and Development From Wartime Tool to the Fish-Cam by Scott Ruthfield It was 1964, the height of the Cold War, and Americans spent their free time building bomb shelters and stockpiling canned food in preparation for the impending nuclear attack. The government, however, had a more pervasive problem. If war did come, how would the military be able to communicate? A centralized system might easily be destroyed in wartime, and so traditional technologies wouldn't work. This fear impressed a need on the government to do something different to develop a whole new scheme for post-nuclear communication. Today, a descendant of that Cold War mechanism is used to track seismological phenomena, transmit pressing news bulletins, and send email to mom. Does this signal a complete shift in priorities? In part, yes; more appropriately though, it is an example of a technology with more uses than anybody ever imagined. The Internet we use today is one of the few positive legacies of Cold War paranoia, providing efficient and inexpensive communications between people around the world. As the Iraqis proved during the Gulf War, commercially available Internet technologies were indeed resistant to enemy fire. But as ``Information Superhighway'' becomes the most over-used phrase of the 1990s, mass numbers of people are signing up and trying to become part of the Internet community. By understanding the motives, methods, and technologies behind the Internet's development, we can get a sense of the power and importance of this project gone happily amok.

55. WDVL: History Of The Internet And The World Wide Web history of the internet and the World Wide Web. A Short history of internet Protocols at CERN by Ben Segal, for some relevant prehistory. http://www.wdvl.com/Internet/History/

FREE Newsletter Home Authoring ... Email a Colleague Active Server Pages JSP/Java Servlets Microsoft SQL Server Daily Backup Dedicated Servers Streaming Audio/Video 24-hour Support Click Here Hot Topics JavaScript HTML CSS DHTML ... XML find a web host with: CGI Capabilities Cold Fusion Dedicated Servers JSP/Java Servlets MySQL Preinstalled CGI Scripts advanced search Developer Channel FlashKit HierMenusCentral Java Boutique JavaScript.com ... XMLFiles.com e-commerce Cheap Web Hosting Website Hosting Dedicated Hosting Domain registration ... Discount Hotel Rooms internet.com Developer Downloads International Internet Lists ... E-mail Offers History of the Internet and the World Wide Web "Meanwhile, several programs have been made exploring these ideas, both commercially and academically. Most of them use "hot spots" in documents, like icons, or highlighted phrases, as sensitive areas. touching a hot spot with a mouse brings up the relevant information, or expands the text on the screen to include it. Imagine, then, the references in this document, all being associated with the network address of the thing to which they referred, so that while reading this document you could skip to them with a click of the mouse." Information Management: A Proposal , by Tim Berners-Lee, CERN, March 1989, May 1990. This proposal concerns the management of general information about accelerators and experiments at CERN. It discusses the problems of loss of information about complex evolving systems and derives a solution based on a distributed hypertext system.

56. WDVL: A Look At The Web Development World Ahead A Look at the Web Development World Ahead. Charlie Morris. January 10, 2000. As we begin a new millennium, a new era in Web development is also beginning. http://www.wdvl.com/Internet/History/LookAhead/

FREE Newsletter Home Authoring ... Email a Colleague Active Server Pages JSP/Java Servlets Microsoft SQL Server Daily Backup Dedicated Servers Streaming Audio/Video 24-hour Support Click Here Hot Topics JavaScript HTML CSS DHTML ... XML find a web host with: CGI Capabilities Cold Fusion Dedicated Servers JSP/Java Servlets MySQL Preinstalled CGI Scripts advanced search Developer Channel FlashKit HierMenusCentral Java Boutique JavaScript.com ... XMLFiles.com e-commerce Cheap Hotels Travel Insurance Wireless Products Home Equity Loans ... Promotional Gifts internet.com Developer Downloads International Internet Lists ... E-mail Offers A Look at the Web Development World Ahead Charlie Morris January 10, 2000 As we begin a new millennium, a new era in Web development is also beginning. Making predictions is dangerous in this business, but it seems clear that important changes in the way we use and design Web sites are underway. Web developers who want to stay in business had better take heed of these trends, and start boning up on the new technologies. Head for the woodshed today, or the unemployment office tomorrow! HTML is king no longer.

57. Lii.org: History California history, or the main Arts, Crafts, Humanities page. A Strategic Partner of Califa, Copyright © 2004, Librarians Index to the internet, lii.org. http://www.lii.org/search/file/history

@import "/normal.css"; Home About Subscribe Help ... Advanced Search History General Resources African-American History Ancient History Arab-Israeli Conflict ... World War II See also U.S. History, California History or the main page. lii.org

58. Lii.org: United States History See also the main history page or the California history page. A Strategic Partner of Califa, Copyright © 2004, Librarians Index to the internet, lii.org. http://www.lii.org/search/file/history_united_states

@import "/normal.css"; Home About Subscribe Help ... Advanced Search United States History General Resources African Americans Alaska Gold Rush Anti-communist Movements ... Women See also the main History page or the California History page. lii.org

59. History Of The Internet, Internet For Historians Universiteit Leiden. history of the internet, internet for Historians (and just about everyone else). By Richard T. Griffiths. Chapter http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/frame_theorie.htm

60. Internet Archive: Wayback Machine websites, archived from August 2003, which has been collected by the internet Archive on behalf of the National Archives of the United Kingdom. history. http://www.archive.org/web/web.php

Web Moving Images Texts Audio ... Heritrix Search: All Media Types Wayback Machine Moving Images Prelinger Archives Computer Chronicles SIGGRAPH Net Café Open Source Movies MSRI Lectures Independent News Feature Films Election 2004 Open Mind Machinima Youth Media Brick Films Shaping San Francisco Speed Runs Texts Project Gutenberg Million Book Project Arpanet Open Source Books Internet Bookmobile Children's Library Dance Manuals Audio Live Music Archive Netlabels Open Source Audio Presidential Recordings Democracy Now Other Minds Archive Conference Proceedings Forums FAQs Anonymous User login or join us About the Wayback Machine Browse through 30 billion web pages archived from 1996 to a few months ago. To start surfing the Wayback, type in the web address of a site or page where you would like to start, and press enter. Then select from the archived dates available. The resulting pages point to other archived pages at as close a date as possible. Keyword searching is not currently supported, but there are some researcher tools that perform similar functions (see the researcher tool section). http://archive.bibalex.org

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