41. Network Indonesia - Culture - History Of Indonesia seem hitherto to have been on the fringe of the ShaiviteMahayana cultures of southern Sumatra and eastern Java. For the first time in Indonesian history, the http://users.skynet.be/network.indonesia/ni4001c7.htm

Information News About Us Contact Feedback Culture History Arts Ethnic Art Culture Travel Travel Info Destinations Tips Stories ... Links Entertainment Food Events Home History - Islamic influence in Indonesia Islamic influence in Indonesia Muslim kingdoms of northern Sumatra. Foreign Muslims had traded in Indonesia and China for many centuries; a Muslim tombstone in eastern Java bears a date corresponding to 1082. But substantial evidence of Islam in Indonesia begins only in northern Sumatra at the end of the 13th century. Two small Muslim trading kingdoms existed by that time at Samudra- Pasai and Perlak. A royal tomb at Samudra, of 1297, is inscribed entirely in Arabic. By the 15th century the beachheads of Islam in Indonesia had multiplied with the emergence of several harbour kingdoms, ruled by local Muslim princes, on the north coast of Java and elsewhere along the main trading route as far east as Ternate and Tidore in the Moluccas. The establishment of the first Muslim centres in Indonesia was probably a result of commercial circumstances. By the 13th century, in the absence of a strong and stable entrepôt in western Indonesia, foreign traders were drawn to harbours on the northern Sumatran shores of the Bay of Bengal, distant from the dangerous pirate lairs at the southern end of the Strait of Malacca. Northern Sumatra had a hinterland rich in gold and forest produce, and pepper was being cultivated at the beginning of the 15th century. It was accessible to all archipelago merchants who wanted to meet ships from the Indian Ocean. By the end of the 14th century, Samudra-Pasai had become a wealthy commercial centre, giving way in the early 15th century to the better protected harbour of Malacca on the southwest coast of the Malay Peninsula. Javanese middlemen, converging on Malacca, ensured its importance.

42. MapZones.com Culture indonesia, culture, Back to Top. indonesia s social and geographical environment is one of the most complex and varied in the world. http://www.mapzones.com/world/asia/indonesia/cultureindex.php

Country Info Indonesia Introduction Indonesia General Data Indonesia Maps Indonesia Culture ... Indonesia Time and Date Indonesia Culture Back to Top There are, however, striking similarities among the nation's diverse groups. Besides citizenship in a common nation-state, the single most unifying cultural characteristic is a shared linguistic heritage. Almost all of the nation's more than 195 million people speak one of several Austronesian languages, whichalthough not mutually intelligibleshare many vocabulary items and have similar sentence patterns. Most important, the vast majority of the population can speak Bahasa Indonesia, the official national language. Used in government, schools, print and electronic media, and in multiethnic cities, this Malay-derived language is both an important unifying symbol and a vehicle of national integration. Nearly 70 percent of Indonesians lived outside of cities, which, according to the definition used by the government's Central Bureau of Statistics, were areas with population densities greater than 5,000 persons per square kilometer or where less than 25 percent of the households were employed in the agricultural sector. Indeed, most Indonesians in the early 1990s, as their ancestors before them, were closely associated with agriculture, stockbreeding, or fishing. Whereas some isolated farming communities were comprised essentially of subsistence farmersliving off what they grewmost depended to some degree on cash profits earned from selling their produce at mercantile centers. Aside from coffee and rubber plantations, large-scale, highly capitalized agribusinesses, such as industrialized rice farming or chicken farms, remained the exception in Indonesia.

43. Indonesia Books, Indonesian History (book Reviews) Reviews of books on Indonesian history and culture. http://dannyreviews.com/s/Indonesia.html

Danny Yee's Book Reviews Subjects Titles Authors ... Latest Indonesia Indonesian Indonesian literature Java Book Reviews Paul Alexander Creating Indonesian Cultures Judith Becker Gamelan Stories Tantrism, Islam, and Aesthetics in Central Java Clara Brakel-Papenhuyzen Classical Javanese Dance The Surakarta tradition and its terminology Jan Breman , Gunawan Wiradi Good Times and Bad Times in Rural Java - krismon and the socioeconomics of two Javanese villages Benjamin Brinner Knowing Music, Making Music Javanese Gamelan and the Theory of Musical Competence and Interaction David P. Chandler , M.C. Ricklefs Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Indonesia Essays in Honour of Professor J.D. Legge Robert Cribb Historical Atlas of Indonesia - learned and lavish Robert Cribb The Indonesian Killings 1965-1966 Studies from Java and Bali Bill Dalton Indonesia Handbook Gavan Daws , Marty Fujita Archipelago: The Islands of Indonesia From the Nineteenth-Century Discoveries of Alfred Russel Wallace to the Fate of Forests and Reefs in the Twenty-First Century Barry Dawson , John Gillow The Traditional Architecture of Indonesia - rumah adat across the archipelago Howard Dick , et al.:

44. Doing Business In Indonesia Worldwide business briefings reports for sale, including business meetings and negotiations, starting your business, doing business, and business and culture in indonesia. http://www.worldbiz.com/asia/allindonesia.html

Doing business in Indonesia Business reports on successful trading, negotiating and dealing with business culture in Indonesia. Get practical tips how to do business with Indonesia. Discover the best way to conduct business meetings and make business presentations. Find out about exporting and importing practices in Indonesia. Receive information on useful business contacts in Indonesia. Learn about Indonesia business communication style and business entertainment. The reports are published by International Cultural Enterprises, Inc. (for more information about the company click here ), leaders in international business information, in cooperation with top US executives currently doing business in Indonesia. Below please find the titles of the reports with a brief summary of the topics, as well as the word count. To receive a full text please click on the ordering and pricing information following each report summary. Report title: Business Meetings and Negotiations in Indonesia Total words: Topics summary: Setting appointments ..... Decisions making power ..... The first meetings ..... Addressing your counterpart ..... Introductions ..... Business cards ..... Opening conversations ..... Proper gestures ..... Business dress ..... Discussing business .... Your local representative ..... Negotiating ..... Concessions ..... Head-on confrontations ..... Reading the progress of negotiations ..... Nonverbal messages ..... Government bureaucracy ..... Senior executives ..... Signing an agreement

45. Jurnal ANTROPOLOGI INDONESIA Publication with a primary focus on the society and culture of indonesia. Features table of contents, guide for authors and links. http://www.jai.or.id

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46. Embassy Of The Republic Of Indonesia - Culture And Religion culture. indonesia is blessed with a rich and diverse mix of traditional cultures and art forms. The basic principles, which guide http://www.indoneske-velvyslanectvi.cz/culture.htm

CULTURE  Art forms in Indonesia are not only derived from folklore, as in many other parts of the world. Many were developed in the courts of former kingdoms, as in Bali, where they are integral elements of religious ceremonies. The famous dance dramas of Java and Bali are derived from Hindu mythology and often feature fragments from the Ramayana and Mahabrata Hindu epics. Languages and Dialects There are about 583 languages spoken by as many distinct ethnic groups across the archipelago. There are five main language groups on Sumatra alone, six on Sulawesi and three on Java. One small island, Alor in Nusa Tenggara has seven different language groups! The Balinese speak their own language, and many local languages are further divided by special forms for addressing someone of inferior, equal or superior social status. Adding even more spice to this linguistic stew, all these language are also spoken in a number of different local dialects. Bahasa Indonesia, the official national language, is akin to Malay, and is written in Roman script and based on European orthography. English is the most widely used foreign language for business and travel alike. Wherever you go you will be greeted by the familiar "Hello Mr.!” (Regardless of your sex), and even if your travels take you 'off the beaten track' it is not uncommon to find Indonesians with a decent command of the English language. In some of the bigger cities and tourist destinations, Dutch is still used, and the influence of Dutch in Bahasa Indonesia is quite obvious. French is increasing its popularity at the better hotels and restaurant.

47. SWiSH Movie - Index.swi - Www.swishzone.com Photographs the people and the culture of the Philippines, indonesia, and Thailand. The farming and consumption of rice gains a special focus. Also included are images of windsurfing. http://www.geocities.com/arieljavellana/

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48. Toradja A ethnographic analysis of a culture that inhabits the high mountain ranges and interior valleys of Central Celebes Island of indonesia. http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7876

49. COMPLETE Indonesia Jakarta Bandung Yogyakarta & Bali Travel & Tours Info - Guide to Bali society, history and culture. http://www.indonesia-bali.com

Home - Indonesia-bali.com Info on Java Island Travel Info on Bandung Travel Info on Jakarta Travel Info on Yogyakarta Travel Info on Surabaya Info on Bali Island About Bali Island Geography Agriculture Bali Bird ... Indonesia Indonesia The tombs of the Wali Songo, as well as those of many other important historical figures, can be found scattered along Java's north coast between Surabaya and Cirebon. Below is a list of the nine walls and the locations of their graves. Bandung West Java was first known to Europe as Sunda - a land, kingdom, language and people all distinct from Java. The l6th-century Portuguese were so impressed by this country that they misapplied its name not only to the island of Java, but to the whole archipelago; to this day, Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Celebes are still known collectively as the "Greater Sunda Islands." The first known kingdom on Java, the Hindu state of Tarumanegara, flourished on the north coastal plain of West Java in the 5th century. Jakarta Yogyakarta Yogya' is easily the most popular city in Indonesia. It's a cultural and intellectual centre, crammed with prestigious universities and academies, and its influence far outweighs its size. Sure it has noisy and chaotic traffic like any Javanese city, but just a short stroll away from the main streets are the kampungs where life is still unhurried. Despite its veneer of modernity and westernisation, the city clings strongly to its traditional values and philosophies.

50. THE MODERN TONGKONAN OF TORAJA An illustrated article about the striking traditional houses of the Toraja culture of indonesia, with references. http://www.batusura.de/banua/

THE MODERN TONGKONAN OF TORAJA .:: DEMOGRAPHY ::. The Toraja are divided up geographically into different groups, the most important of which are the Mamasa, who are centered around the isolated Kalumpang valley, and the Sa'dan of the southern Toraja lands. There have never been any strong, lasting political groupings within the Toraja. The Sa'dan area, with its market towns of Makale and Rantepao, is known as Tana Toraja. Good roads now reach Tana Toraja from Makassar, the capital of Sulawesi, bringing a large seasonal influx of foreign tourists who, while injecting money into the local economy, have not yet had much lasting affect on local people's lives. .:: VILLAGE PATTERN ::. In former times, Toraja villages were sited strategically on hilltops and fortified to such an extent that sometimes access was only possible through tunnels bored through rock. This was all part of the then common Indonesian custom of head-hunting and inter-village raids. The Dutch pacified the Toraja and forced them to leave the hills and to build their villages in the valleys, and they also introduced wet-rice cultivation. The Toraja abandoned their traditional agricultural policy and now live by rice-farming, and raising pigs and beautiful buffaloes. The Toraja are a proto-Malay people whose origins lie in mainland South-East Asia (possibly Cambodia). Toraja legends claim that they arrived from the north by sea. Caught in a violent storm, their boats were so damaged as to be unseaworthy, so instead they used them as roofs for their new homes. The tongkonan, with their boat-shaped roofs, always face towards the north.

51. Asiafoto - Indonesian Photographs Travel, culture, people, scenics, and adventure of indonesia. Also, featuring Myanmar, Vietnam, Australia, and Asian food. http://www.asiafoto.com/

asiafoto picture library Indonesian Destinations Bali Java Sumatra Sulawesi ... Email Also check out our Myanmar (Burma) Cambodia Vietnam Laos ... Asian Food All images on this site are asiafoto picture library Home Page Email

52. The Indonesian Dance Site -- En Français D©di©   la promotion de la danse et culture d'Indon©sie. Cours de danse indon©sienne et Bahasa indonesia. http://dharma.free.fr

Cours de Bahasa Indonesia Bahasa en ligne Descriptions des danses Photographies Cours de Bahasa Indonesia Bahasa en ligne Descriptions des danses Photographies ... webmaster

53. SehSekHoi A group experimenting with music and instruments across culture, including West Africa, Korea, Turkey, indonesia, New Zealand Maori, China, India and South America. With member background and biographies. http://www.geocities.com/sehsekhoi/

54. Culture In Indonesia indonesia culture The Beautiful indonesian Girls? indonesia - culture Ethnologue Database of the languages of indonesia - Files link status good. http://www.kasbah.com/vitalstats/culture_and_history/culture/indonesia_indonesia

var c = "c2"; Home Travel Guide Flights Cars ... Adventure Tours USA users discount airfare and cheap hotels Indonesia Culture in Indonesia You are here: Indonesia Your search for Culture in Indonesia returned results INDONESIA - Directory to Art and Culture Indonesia Arts and Culture link status good INDONESIA - CULTURE The Beautiful Indonesian Girls? link status good INDONESIA - CULTURE kretek - the famous Indonesian clove cigarettes the Kretek Page: Clove Cigarettes link status good INDONESIA - CULTURE - The Lontar Foundation, helping to preserve Indonesian liter Publishers of Indonesian Literature translated into English. Lontar's Goal is to publish a literary canon 100 translated works to be used in Indonesian Literature courses taught at the University l... link status good INDONESIA - CULTURE - JAVANESE MYSTICISM - SUMARAH - KEBATINAN - SPIRITUALITY Modern Javanese spiritual movements are based on age-old traditions. Some practise exercises which bring about a purification of man's nature, thereby enabling him to communicate deep within link status good INDONESIA - culture - Huruf Jawa - Table of traditional Javanese alphabet, and speaking Javanese

55. Settlement.Org Pr©sentation de la culture du pays par le minist¨re canadien de la citoyennet© et de l'immigration. http://www.settlement.org/cp/fre/indonesia/

We Can't Find the Page You Requested - Error 404 The details of this error have been sent to the Settlement.Org webmaster. If the problem is on our site we will correct it as soon as possible. Please come back later to see if this error has been fixed. You are being redirected to: www.settlement.org/cp/ Or try starting from the Settlement.Org site map We strive to keep the content as up to date as possible. If you find a broken link, we would greatly appreciate if you report it. To report a broken link send an email to extranet@settlement.org Thanks, Your Settlement.Org Team

56. INDONESIE : Récit De Voyage Carnet de route de deux jeunes fran§ais. Informations g©n©rales sur la culture du pays, photographies de temples, de volcans et de danses. Extraits musicaux. http://membres.lycos.fr/indonesia/

VOYAGE EN INDONESIE (Août 1999) Carnet de route Cartes géographiques Galerie de photos Informations pratiques ... Liens extérieurs par William BUCHMANN et François BUSETTI Nombre de visiteurs : Consulter notre Livre d'or !!!

57. Indonesia - Culture Shock! indonesia culture Shock! Buy from Mapsworldwide, indonesia - culture Shock! Search Mapsworldwide. Advanced search. http://www.mapsworldwide.com/mwwlive/m20889.htm

Kuperard - Indonesia - Culture Shock! - Indonesia - Culture Shock! ... Buy from Mapsworldwide home faq view cart checkout now ... Contact Us Indonesia - Culture Shock! Search Mapsworldwide Advanced search Indonesia Guide Books Indonesia Full Indonesia list Can't find the item you need? If we do not have a cover scan, this image may be of another map in the same series. Notes Published by: Kuperard Format: Paperback, 280 pp, 198 x 130 mm New editions of books, maps and guides are regularly produced. Wherever possible we ship the latest version. ISBN: Price: Other currencies . Please note that you will be billed in UK Pounds. Don't forget the insect repellant, first aid kit and phrase book See the top ten bestselling digital cameras at Jessops Need Outdoor gear or clothing Buy Now Add to order you can still remove it later Security Policy Buy online by credit/debit card or by cheque, phone or fax.

58. South East Asian Destinations, Indonesia - Culture indonesia cultur e. indonesia - culture. There are ways of life among the islands of indonesia that could be 5,000 years apart. http://www.symbiosis-travel.com/destinations/indonesia/iculture.htm

About us Mission statement Accommodations Scuba diving ... Contact Us WEBSITE CONTENTS DESTINATION > INDONESIA INDONESIA Overview Geography Culture ... Home Mystical Indonesia indonesia - 13,500 islands this sprawling archipelago's motto is 'unity in diversity' i n d o n e s i a - c u l t u r e Indonesia - Culture There are ways of life among the islands of Indonesia that could be 5,000 years apart. Compare the mountain tribes of Irian Jaya and the jungle nomads in Kalimantan to the sophisticated Javan yuppy with his state of the art mobile phone. Each island has its own customs and culture, and some contain many different cultures. Still, 'adat', the Indonesian word for common law, referring to a custom which has always been followed but whose origins cannot be traced, is the social mechanism by which many an argument or personal inequity is solved. Indonesian textiles are some of the finest in the world, and differing islands have their own styles of weaving and dyeing. The ancient art of batik, dyeing using wax, is traditional in many islands, each of which has its own preferred patterns.

59. Belindo BrowserCheck A portal for travel, geography, culture, and nature. http://www.belindo.com

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60. Indonézia / Indonesia :: Culture & Tourism Links : Kulturális és Idegenforgal International catalogue of culture and tourism. Internationaler kultureller und touristischer Katalog. Nemzetközi kulturális és idegenforgalmi katalógus. http://katalogus.kulturinfo.hu/id.html

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