81. Bolivia - LANIC Translate this page indigenous People Back to Top. of Social Communication with the Aymara People IvánGuzmán de Information for Travelers to Tropical south america US Centers http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/sa/bolivia/

Bolivia Academic Research Resources ADSIB Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y Ambiente BVSA BiblioWeb Bolivian Rock Art Research Society Sociedad de Investigacion del Arte Rupestre de Bolivia - SIARB Bolivian Studies Association Centro Boliviano de Estudios Multidisciplinarios CEBEM CEBIAE CEDIB CERES Centro de Estudios Jurídicos e Investigación Social CEJIS Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo Laboral y Agrario CEDLA CINER CIDEM CIAT Universidad Mayor de San Simón, el Consejo Flamenco Inter Universitario de Bélgica y la Universidad Católica de Lovaina. CNDCT CEUB Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de Bolivia CONACYT Derechoteca Escuela Militar de Ingenieria "Mariscal Antonio Jose de Sucre" EBRP Functional Analysis of Flake Tools from Chiripa High Altitude Pathology Institute IPPA PIEB SOBOE UDAPE Universidad Adventista de Bolivia UASB, La Paz UAGRM, Santa Cruz UAJMS, Tarija UCB Cochabamba La Paz Santa Cruz Universidad del Valle Univalle Universidad Empresarial Mateo Kuljis Santa Cruz La Paz, UMSA

82. Guides/ind SAIIC The south and Meso American Indian Rights IPACC The Indigineous peoples ofAfrica Co-Ordinating introductory document Who is indigenous in Africa? . http://www.andrews.edu/library/RefDesk/guides/ind.html

I N D I G E N O U S N A T I O N S * Web Links Multi-General North America N-A Primary Europe-Africa-Asia ... Discussion Forums M u l t i n a t i o n a l and G e n e r a l The Arctic Council = Canada, Denmark ( Greenland, Faeroe Islands), Norway / Russia, Sweden, United States Center for World Indigenous Studies information about: educational programs and cources, a bookstore, archives, and an electronic library of documents Cultural Survival Native American Resources essential site for researchers of Native American issues provides access to native organizations, business, media, music, culture, tribal colleges, native studies programs Native Web Indigenous Cultures Around the World Race and Ethnicity Online Researching Iindigenous Peoples Rights under International Law information is organized by research sources, specific geographic areas, and topics N o r t h A m e r i c a Internet Resources in Native American Studies African - American Mosaic Aboriginal Canada Portal is a single gateway to online resources, contacts, information for and about aborigional peoples provides links to national aborigional organizations

83. WVU Libraries: Native American Studies nativeweb.org/ Presents information on indigenous peoples in Mexico, Central, andSouth america. World Wide Web Virtual Library indigenous Studies http http://www.libraries.wvu.edu/nativeamerican/web.htm

The Collection Searching for Library Materials Native American Web Resources Questions Native American Web Resources Search the Web WVU Libraries' Search the Web http://www.libraries.wvu.edu/web/ Provides links to popular search engines, web guides, information on citing web sources, evaluating web sites, and more Native American Studies at West Virginia University WVU Native American Studies Program http://www.as.wvu.edu/nas/ Includes a description and history of the academic program, events and speakers program, and the ONAI student organization Additional Web Resources The Avalon Project at Yale Law SchoolTreaties Between the United States and Native Americans http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/ntreaty/ntreaty.htm Full text (in HTML format) of approximately 30 treaties signed between various Native American groups and the United States government between 1778 and 1868. Indian Country Today http://www.indiancountry.com/

84. Main Menu human security, human rights, indigenous issues, gender in building bridges amongpeople, when Canada peers from the Caribbean, and Central and south america. http://webapps.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/minpub/Publication.asp?publication_id=377849&La

85. No Aerial Spraying, Colombia S Indigenous People Plead July 9 and 10, indigenous leaders formally called upon the Office of the Ombudsmanof the People (Defensoría del Pueblo), the attorney general, the minister http://www.commondreams.org/headlines02/0722-05.htm

Home Newswire About Us Donate ... Archives Headlines Printer Friendly Version E-Mail This Article Published on Monday, July 22, 2002 by Environment News Service No Aerial Spraying, Colombia's Indigenous People Plead PUERTO ASIS, Colombia - The Organization of Indigenous Peoples of the Putumayo Zone (OZIP) and the 128 Indigenous Governing Councils in the Department of Putumayo have issued a plea to the government of Colombia and the international community not to spray their lands with herbicide intended to kill illegal coca plants. Also See: U.S. Law Imperils Colombia Coca Spraying NY Times 7/11/02 US Pressures Colombia to Resume Drug Crop Spraying BBC 8/7/01 Bogota Judge Suspends Fumigation of Coca Fields in Southern Colombia AFP 7/28/01 Colombian Governors Demand Halt to Coca Fumigations Inter Press Service 7/17/01 Glyphosate Fact Sheet A Greenpeace Report 86 Demonstrate Against Fumigation in Colombia at Monsanto Headquarters in St. Louis; 6 Protesters Arrested School of the Americas Watch 6/25/01 U.S. May Be Wading into a Poisonous Quagmire

86. The Educational Encyclopedia, Old And Lost Cultures Xochicalco only photos. Xochicalco photos. Yanomamo the Yanomamo are an indigenouspeople of the Amazonian region of south america. Yaxuna archaeology project. http://users.telenet.be/educypedia/education/anthropologysoutham.htm

Science Animals Biology Botany Bouw ... Resources Anthropology General Africa Asia Arctic people ... North America South America Vikings Old cultures Evolution South and central America: Maya - Inca - Aztec and other cultures Africanized Maya, Olmecs and classical Maya African priestess in Olmec Mexico Amahuaca: Amazon tribe of Peru Ancient civilizations of the Andes ... Ancient Mesoamerica educational resource on mesoamerican art, history, and archeology, ancient Mexico, precolombian art, archeology, copan, tikal, chichen itza, mayans, aztecs, mexico, art, tulum Ancient Mesoamerican civilizations Maya, Mixtec, Zapotec, and Aztec Ancient Middle America AncientScripts.com Andean history at the time of the arrival of the first Europeans in the last years of the fifteenth century, the native population of the South America, was estimated to have numbered 10 to 15 million Andean prehistory prehistory of the Andean civilizations. Early coastal centers, Chavín de Huantar, Tiwanaku and the Incas are discussed Andes Andes related articles and photo galleries, featuring history and prehistory writings, photo galleries of ruins and scenery

87. ELandnet Latin america (153) Links to resources about national minorities, indigenouspeoples and unrepresented nations in Central and south america. http://www.elandnet.org/links/en/

[an error occurred while processing this directive] eLandnet Welcome to the links of eLandnet . You can search resources about unrepresented nations, indigenous peoples and national minorities worldwide through the category pages or by keyword searches. Please, feel free to submit or modify a link or to send us your remarks. The buttons at the top bring you to the right pages to do so. As you will notice, not all subjects are worked out to the same extend, but our volunteers are working constantly to further complete the eLandnet website. If you would like to join our team, please, contact us Newsletter eLandnet's email newsletter informs you about activities, news, changes to the web site etc. You can subscribe to the free newsletter: Name and surname: E-mail: Or use our more complete contact form. You can unsubscribe at any moment. Categories: Africa Links to resources about national minorities, indigenous peoples and unrepresented nations in Africa. Asia Links to resources about national minorities, indigenous peoples and unrepresented nations in Asia Also some new states of the former Soviet Union are included because of their former minority status and the problems they often encounter at the moment with minorities within their borders. Europe Links to resources about national minorities and unrepresented nations in Europe. Also some new states in eastern and central Europe and the former Soviet Union are included because of their former minority status and the problems they often encounter at the moment with minorities within their borders.

88. American Indian Studies and about 275 websites relating to native American people. south Carolina IndianAffairs Commission. information on the historic and indigenous tribal entities http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/

This site received over 1,500,000 hits in 2002 from 50 countries throughout the world. American Indian History and Related Issues American Indian Studies programs were created at a number of universities throughout the United States beginning in the late 1960s. The American Indian Studies Program at California State University, Long Beach celebrated its 25th anniversary in 1994 and is the oldest continuous existing program. This world wide site is a developing site supervised by Professor Troy Johnson and is dedicated to the presentation of unique artwork, photographs, video and sound recordings which accurately reflect the history, culture and richness of the Native American experience in North America and has been expanded to include Indian people of Central America and Mexico. Contributions and comments may be made by contacting Professor Johnson See the various books Troy Johnson has written on the American Indian Culture. Indians of North America Alcatraz Occupation: The Story The 1969 occupation of Alcatraz Island is seen as a watershed event in contemporary Native American history. This site provides a brief history of the occupation as documented in my book, "The Occupation of Alcatraz Island, Indian Self-determination and The Rise of Indian Activism Alcatraz Occupaion in photographs This collection of photographs and descriptions by Ilka Hartmann tell the story of the American Indian occupation of Alcatraz Island through the eyes of those who made up the occupation force.

89. Honduras Travel Information: Adventures, Cultural Ecotourism, Extreme Expedition The Mosquito Coast is a wild jungle and home to indigenous Pech , and Miskito people. isone of the wildest and most pristine jungles of Latin america. http://www.jpsviewfinder.com/travel/country/honduras/honduras.htm

Travel Photography Travel Information What the Guidebooks Don't Tell You! Native Planet Home Favorite Destinations Indonesia India Guatemala Panama Countries Covered Belize Costa Rica Guatemala Honduras ... Panama Countries Covered Soon Bolivia France Japan Peru ... Taiwan Ecotourism Native Planet: What is ... Mentawai Tours Rajasthan Tours Indigenous People ... Native Planet Documentaries Expeditions CASKE Siberut Irian Jaya Travel Photography ... J-Phiippe's Selection Equipment Recommendation Travel Photography Expeditions Book Recommendation Travel Photography Expeditions Travel Health Tropical Diseases Malaria Dangerous Sea Creatures Survival at Sea ... Look for a Hotel Travel Tools Currency Converter Translation Tool Measures Conversions Travel Warnings (US) ... World Clock Travel Links National Geographic Lonely Planet Sitemap Adventures in Honduras Copan was the jewel of the Mayan Empire. The Black Garifuna towns on the Caribbean resonate with Punta music. The Bay Islands are full of pirate lore and host to legendary diving. The Mosquito Coast is a wild jungle and home to indigenous Pech , and Miskito

90. General Indigenous History To The Spanish Conquest http://www.lamp.ac.uk/tairona/a1indighist.html

Tairona Heritage Studies Centre South American Indigenous History to Invasion It is generally agreed that South American indigenes, who numbered 14 m. at the time of the Spanish Conquest, are derived from Mongoloid expansion, mainly hunters and gatherers, via the Bering Straits about 20,000 years ago. Rapid development was initiated around 2,600 years ago by the growth of agriculture. 'The greatest cultural development occurred in the central Andes with the Inca Empire, which at its height encompassed about 1,000,000 square miles and had a population of about 6,000,000. The Chibcha in Colombia were probably the next most developed culture' (NEB. 1991. Micropaedia. vol. 11: 37). Steward's classification of South American cultures to Invasion Julian Steward's classification is presented in his article 'American Culture History in the Light of South America' in Patricia Lyon's Native South Americans - Ethnology of the Least Known Continent (Little, Brown and Co.. Boston/Toronto. 1974). Patricia Lyon prefaces this article by pointing out its deficiencies. 'Steward's approach... thus oversimplifies an extremely complex situation, obscuring differences which may be of considerable importance.' (Lyon 1974: 3). However, Steward's piece represents an improvement on the earlier 1940's work of Cooper. Steward postulates a Formative Period of American cultural development, during which 'the highland areas from Mexico to Bolivia acquired dense populations, large and stable communities, a class-structured society and a priest-temple-idol cult. In the material arts, it produced basketry, ceramics, metallurgy, weaving, stone working, building arts,aesthetic expressions in art forms, and water transportation.' (Steward in Lyon 1974: 19). This period predated Christ by some time, for 'the essential patterns of New World civilisations were established in Mexico and Yucatan at least by the beginning of the Christian era. In the Andes they can be no less old, for maize, a basic crop, probably originated in South America.' (Steward in Lyon 1974: 10).

91. The Jesuit Missions (reducciones) In South America.Argentina,Paraguay,Brazil,Bol The Indios Guaraní of Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil would have been anotherindigenous people victim of the colonial conquest in south america, if the http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Styx/6497/jesuits.html

The Jesuit Missions (Reducciones) in South America. Written by Marco Ramerini visits to this page since 6 March 1999 The Indios Guaraní of Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil would have been another indigenous people victim of the colonial conquest in South America, if the Jesuits would haven't been able to persuade the King of Spain to grant that vast region to their care. The Jesuits promised to the King generous rewards, in the form of tributes, in exchange of the exemption from the "encomiendas" (hard labour to which were subjected all the other Indios), assuring that the region would have been an Imperial dominion thanks only to the Gospel power. Therefore, for about 150 years, the Jesuits succeeded in protecting the Guaraní from the raids of the slave-hunters from São Paulo (Paulistas). They founded several missions or "reducciones" and developed a kind of evangelisation a bit peculiar for that time. They put into practice the precepts of the Gospel, isolated the Guaraní from the bad influences of the Europeans and developed the creativity of the Indios. The first settlement had founded in 1609. Many other Missions were established along the rivers, in the Chaco, Guaira and Paraná territories.

92. Education World® - *Social Sciences : Cultural Studies : Indigenous Peoples : G provides advice to the New south Wales government on legal issues facing Aboriginalpeople. promoting human rights of indigenous cultures throughout http://db.education-world.com/perl/browse?cat_id=1781

93. ANT237: Native South Americans Indians of south america Brazil Cayapo Indians Yanomomo Indians Indigenouspeoples - Ecology - Brazil Gorotire (Brazil) - Social life and customs Self http://www.smith.edu/libraries/research/class/ant237.htm

Research Library Research Guides ANT237: Native South Americans Spring 2004 - D. Joralemon reference contact: Sika Berger Background Books Articles ... Blackboard BACKGROUND INFORMATION Reference Source Call Number or Link Brazil's Indians and the Onslaught of Civilization: (on reserve - see BIBLIOGRAPHY) ref F 2520.1.Y3 R33 2004 Indians of Central and South America: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary ref F 1434 .O45 1991 Indigenous Peoples and Environmental Issues ref GF 50 J65 2003 Encyclopedia of World Cultures: South America ref GN 550 E53 1991 7 Handbook of South American Indians (7 volumes) ref F 2229 .S73 1946 Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology (4 volumes) ref GN 307 E52 1996 BOOKS: The Five-College Library System Use keyWord searching to combine terms, or search with Subject Headings such as these: Indians of South America - Brazil Cayapo Indians Yanomomo Indians Indigenous peoples - Ecology - Brazil Gorotire (Brazil) - Social life and customs Self-determination, National - Latin America

94. "The People's Paths!" North American Indian & Indigenous People! the People s Paths! North American Indian indigenous People! Summer Solstice June21st, 2002 Phoenix, south Africa. and share with other People s Paths folks http://www.yvwiiusdinvnohii.net/paths.html

NLThomas There is now a second URL for the People's Paths the original Cherokee version http://www.YvwiiUsdinvnohii.net/mainindex.html An English version http://www.thePeoplesPaths.net/mainindex.html "the People's Paths!" "When we walk upon Mother Earth, we always plant our feet carefully because we know the faces of our future generations are looking up at us from beneath the ground. We never forget them." -Oren Lyons, Onondaga Nation Have You Seen This Person!?! Please take a moment to see if you could be a link in finding a loved one! Wolakota Statement from Chief Arvol Looking Horse June 21st, 2002 Phoenix, South Africa A Spiritual Message to America From the Nation's Native Elders "Letter to the World" From Grandfather William Commando [Keeper of the Sacred Wampum Belts of the Algonquin Nation.] Search ~*~ Find ~*~ Shop "Give a gift of lasting knowledge and joy!" Visit the People's Paths Guestbook! "Let us and others know about your visit!" Visit 'the People's Paths NAIIP Message Forums' "Take part, meet and share with other People's Paths folks!"

95. People In Nature; Wildlife Conservation In South And Central America; Edited By Conservation and Management in south and Central strategies with the Embera peoplein the western scientific and traditional indigenous wildlife management http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/catalog/data/023112/0231127820.HTM

Order Info F.A.Q. Help Advanced ... BUY ONLINE February, 2005 cloth 464 pages 58 line drawings, 2 halftones, 3 color figs, 73 tables ISBN: Columbia University Press February, 2005 paper 464 pages 58 line drawings, 2 halftones, 3 color figs, 73 tables ISBN: Columbia University Press New Book Bulletins People in Nature Wildlife Conservation in South and Central America People in Nature highlights South and Central American approaches to wildlife conservation and documents both the current state and the historical development of a Latin American conservation and management strategy. The book addresses the threats to biodiversity caused by ranching, habitat fragmentation, fishing, and hunting and critically assesses the potential benefits and risks of continued human use of wildlife. By making available in English research results originally presented in Spanish or Portuguese at the first five International Conferences on Wildlife Management and Conservation in Latin America and the Amazon, this book also reverses the traditional flow of information and innovation in conservation practices from North to South and Central America, providing North American and European researchers and conservationists with management solutions potentially applicable in their own regions. Contributors: Contents Introduction Chapter 1. Wildlife Conservation and Management in South and Central America: Multiple Pressures and Innovative solutions

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