81. Untitled Document The 196770 civil war involving the igbo and Hausa to prove that they belong to a community indigenous to any the africa Peace Award to the people of Nigeria http://www.alliancesforafrica.org/news.asp?news=358

82. UK Shopping Directory - UK Shops - Igbo Society Ethnicity indigenous People Oha Neze Ndiigbo. A non-political association of igbos of Nigeria who reside in Cape Town, South africa http://www.ishop.co.uk/site-map/next.php?keyword=igbo&page=5

83. Consulate General Of Nigeria, Atlanta, Georgia nonMuslim parts of the north, indigenous peoples produced their as the Ijo, Ibibio, and igbo nationalities of material for Black and African peoples all over http://www.nigeria-consulate-atl.org/index.php?option=displaypage&Itemid=62&op=p

84. Africa S 100 Best Books Of The 20th Century a great man in traditional igbo society, whose and its confrontation with the indigenous religions of meditation on the ways ordinary people become politicised http://www.nigeriavillagesquare1.com/BOOKS/africabest-fiction.html

www.nigeriavillagesquare.com village books …a marketplace of ideas Vision: To be the best Nigerian intellectual forum on the internet The Square FRESH NEWS Features VillageMaRT ... Culture Books MUSIC Click here to discuss these and other books Extended search Search for: All Products Books Popular Music DVD Video Software Electronics Computers Buy from The Village Mart Africa books of the 20th Century Creative/ Fiction category To buy the book, just click on the cover . Author Country Title Review Abnudi, `Abd al-Rahman Egypt Al-Mawt `Ala Al-Asfalt Achebe, Chinua Nigeria Arrow Of God Click Here to buy An intense drama which presents the character of Ezeulu, the patron deity of an Igbo village, whose authority is challenged first by the colonial powers, then his own people and finally his family. Here, in his third novel, Achebe presents a careful study of the effects of power and of its loss. 'As in Achebe's other novels, it is the strong-willed man of tradition who cannot adapt, and who is crushed by virtues in the war between the new, more worldly order, and the old conservative values of an isolated society.' Gerald Moore in Seven African Writers. Achebe, Chinua

85. AllAfrica.com: Nigeria: Genesis Of A Crisis and the ground was flowing with peoples blood. the Hausa/Fulani settlers and their indigenous hosts Other nationalities like the Yoruba, igbo suffered one loss http://allafrica.com/stories/200405190424.html

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86. Joshua Project - Peoples By Country Profiles People Name General Kamara. indigenous Fellowship of 100 http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rop3=104505&rog3=GH

87. Abubakar Jika And Igbo Bashing If not igbo bashing, how do we reconcile an article is supposed to enlighten us on certain indigenous things about how difficult it is for some people, is to http://www.gamji.com/NEWS1382.htm

Abubakar Jika and Igbo Bashing By Kenneth Uwah kuwah@hotmail.com I read your articles ( http://www.gamji.com/jika14.htm and http://www.gamji.com/jika15.htm ) on your experience in South Africa and comparisons to situations in Nigeria. Personally, I believe that Nigeria’s problem lie with lack of responsible leadership. If there was proper leadership, there would be planning and a culture of stability in the way things are done. There would be policies that encourage and support the spirit of enterprise. Most of the buildings that we see in the Developed world are owned by private organisations and it is through the generation of capital from their business activities that they build those. The local authorities maintain the facilities such as roads, etc. These private organisations create jobs and wealth and through competition, efficiency is achieved. My main reason for reacting to this, however, has to do with the ethnic referencing which is present not only in your two articles but also in those of many other Nigerians. I rarely give a passing glance to those things because of my background and my belief that ethnicity and promoting it unfavourably creates more problem than it solves.

88. TDS; Passports, Visas, Travel Documents The Yoruba people are predominant in the southwest. Ethnic groups (250) HausaFulani, igbo, and Yoruba are the Religions Muslim, Christian, indigenous African http://www.traveldocs.com/ng/people.htm

Nigeria Africa PEOPLE The most populous country in Africa, Nigeria accounts for approximately one-quarter of West Africa's people. Although less than 25% of Nigerians are urban dwellers, at least 24 cities have populations of more than 100,000. The variety of customs, languages, and traditions among Nigeria's 250 ethnic groups gives the country a rich diversity. The dominant ethnic group in the northern two-thirds of the country is the Hausa-Fulani, most of whom are Muslim. Other major ethnic groups of the north are the Nupe, Tiv, and Kanuri. The Yoruba people are predominant in the southwest. About half of the Yorubas are Christian and half Muslim. The predominantly Catholic Igbo are the largest ethnic group in the southeast, with the Efik, Ibibio, and Ijaw (the country's fourth-largest ethnic group) comprising a substantial segment of the population in that area. Persons of different language backgrounds most commonly communicate in English, although knowledge of two or more Nigerian languages is widespread. Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo are the most widely used Nigerian languages. Nationality: Noun and adjectiveNigerian(s).

89. Nations Online :: Nigeria People Nationality Noun and adjectiveNigerian(s). Population groups (250) HausaFulani, igbo, and Yoruba Religions Muslim, Christian, indigenous African. http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/nigeria.htm

advertise with us One World - Nations Online the countries of the world Home Continents Africa Nigeria One World - Nations Online Countries and Nations keywords: Nigeria information, Nigeria news papers, tourist information for Nigeria, Nigeria map Note: External links will open in a new browser window. Official Sites Map News Culture ... Additional Links Nigeria Country Profile Flag of Nigeria Background: Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999 and a peaceful transition to civilian government completed. The new president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability. (Source: CIA - The World Factbook) border countries: Benin Cameroon Chad Niger related countries: Official Name: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria ISO Country Code: ng Actual Time: Wed-June-9 22:01 Local Time = UTC Capital City: Abuja (pop. est. 100,000).

90. MISSIO IMMACULATAE: Missionary Page Of The Franciscans Of The Immaculate the Hausa–Fulani, Yoruba, and igbo, represent 71 and villages, others occupy several larger indigenous cities. Many people of nonHausa origin, including the http://www.marymediatrix.com/mission/kb/kb15/5.shtml

FI MISSION IN NIGERIA List of Articles about Nigerian Mission FACTS ABOUT NIGERIA Introduction History Land and Resources The People ... Culture and Arts FACTS AT A GLANCE Country name: Federal Republic of Nigeria Location: Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon Climate: varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north Population: Ethnic groups: more than 250 ethnic groups; the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5% Nationality: Nigerian Religions: Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10% Languages: English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population:57.1%

91. Sacred Earth - Ethnobotany And Ecotravel: Indigenous Knowledge Resources the dynamics and limitations of what local people know, and help indigenous postpartem maternal and child health care practices among the igbo of Nigeria http://www.sacredearth.com/ik.htm

Databases Traditional Ecological Knowledge(T.E.K.) and Prior Art Database (P.A.T.) Native American Ethnobotany Database Foods, Drugs, Dyes, and Fibers of Native North American Peoples Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases ... Ethnoecology Database of the Greater Southwest (Fort Lewis College) Policy Issues Convention on Biological Diversity Best Practices on Indigenous Knowledge Commission on Intellectual Property Rights Center for World Indigenous Studies ... Cultural Survival Native Networking Resources Native Web Abya-Yala Indigenous Environmental Network - Protecting Mother Earth Center for World Indigenous Studies ... Union of British Columbia Indian Chiefs Website Practical Guidance - working with IK A community guide to protecting indigenous knowledge Recording and using indigenous knowledge, International Institute of Rural Reconstruction; 1996 Indigenous Knowledge Around the World In recent years scientists have increasingly been turning to the keepers of indigeneous knowledge, realizing that their age-old systems have managed to preserve an ecological balance or that their medicines might have tremendous potential for the development of modern drugs. But this renewed interest is not always welcomed by the indigenous people themselves. Having been exploited for centuries and their rights abused too many times by those who claim to come as friends, they are now often rather reserved and suspicious and unwilling to share what they consider a sacred aspect of their culture. And rightfully so. Pharmaceutical companies in particular have already demonstrated that they have no respect for the cultural or intellectual property of others, but cheerfully engage in acts of biopiracy, stealing biological materials as well as the knowledge that goes with it to take out patents that will benefit only themselves.

92. Map & Graph: Countries By People: Ethnic Groups Map Graph People Ethnic groups by country. Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, igbo (Ibo) 18 70%, European 20%, Malay 10% (no indigenous population (2001)). 20. http://www.nationmaster.com/graph-T/peo_eth_gro

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #28 Most Zambians don't live to see their 40th birthday Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Related Stats People who viewed "People - Ethnic groups" also viewed: Ethnic groups (note) Net migration rate Nationality (adjective) Persons per room ... People : Ethnic groups by country Scroll down for more information Show map full screen Country Description Sierra Leone 20 native African tribes 90% (Temne 30%, Mende 30%, other 30%), Creole (Krio) 10% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century)

93. Nigeria north, Yoruba in the southwest, and igbo in the An indigenous Domincan community, founded by the Dominican Sisters minister to the health needs of the people. http://www.cfcausa.org/Countries/Nigeria/nigeria.htm

Home Click here to see a map of Nigeria THE FACTS Population: 129,934,911 (July 2002 est.) Capital: Abuja Area-comparative: slightly more than twice the size of California Climate: equatorial in the south, tropical in the center; generally hotter and drier in the north. Religion: 50% Muslim, 15% Roman Catholic, 25% Protestant, 10% indigenous beliefs Languages: English is official; Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, and Fulani are also spoken Literacy: 57.1% of those 15 years and older can read and write (USA = 97%) Infant mortality rate: 72.49 deaths/1,000 live births (USA = 6.69) Life expectancy at birth: 50.59 years (USA = 77.4 years) Per capita purchasing power parity: $840 (USA = $36,300) Population below poverty line: Nigeria GENERAL INFORMATION Nigeria, on the west coast of Africa, has more people than any other country in Africa. The country consists of a variety of land regions, including hot, rainy swamplands; dry, sandy areas; grassy plains, tropical forests, and high plateaus and rocky mountains. Nigeria is rich in petroleum deposits, which has brought wealth to the country since the 1960s. The income has been used to develop new industries, improve the educational system and modernize its agricultural system. Petroleum products are the major exports, but palm oil, cacao, rubber and peanuts are also exported.

94. LANGUAGES-ON-THE-WEB: BEST XHOSA LINKS AKAN AMHARIC FULFULDE/PULAAR igbo GANDA MENDE/BANDI Tribes Two groups of indigenous people were said to the Gamtoos River The Khoisan people no longer http://www.languages-on-the-web.com/links/link-xhosa.htm

language links XHOSA HOME THE BEST LINKS GUARANTEE Unlike many other web sites related to languages, only serious and useful sites are listed here. If you know a really good site for learning this language do email us GENERAL LINKS (UNDER CONSTRUCTION) XHOSA picasso.wcape.school.za/subject/xhosa/xhoshome.htm (AltaVista, Excite) XHOSA. WCSN Home Page. General Subject Index. WWW search. Sabelo's Isixhosa Home Page. Second Language. Std 6 Writing Evenkileni yempahla (dialogue) Ndim.. The Xhosa Virtual Resourse Network www.saol.co.za/xhosa/welcome.htm The Heritage Virtual Resource Network is the holding Organisation[Network] which steers and oversee all the networks within this domain.It is in this regard that The Heritage Virtual Resource Network announces the soon to be launching networks in its domain. These include the current Xhosa Network, the Sotho Network, the Afrikan Network and the Zulu Network will follow later after that. www.cyberserv.co.za/users/~jako/lang/xho.htm (Snap, Excite) South African Language: XHOSA VADA Software Talen V - Z www.vada.nl/softtvz.htm

95. Nigeria/People - Encyclopedia Article About Nigeria/People. Free Access, No Regi Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, igbo (Ibo) 18 indigenous beliefs 6%; Nonreligious/Other 0.4% (Mostly urban first language by about 24 million people, and as http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Nigeria/People

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Nigeria/People Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The most populous country in Africa Africa is the world's second-largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. At c. 30,244,050 km (11,677,240 mi ) including the islands, it covers 20.3% of the total land area on Earth, and with over 800 million human inhabitants it accounts for around one seventh of Earth's human population. The ancient Romans used the name Africa terra Afer may be the Phoenician `afar , dust; the Afridi tribe, who dwelt in Northern Africa around the area of Carthage; Greek aphrike , without cold; or Latin aprica , sunny. Click the link for more information. Nigeria Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It borders on Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, Niger in the north and the Gulf of Guinea in the south. Major cities include the capital Abuja, Lagos, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Port Harcourt. Federal Republic of Nigeria (In Detail) (Full size) National motto: Peace and Unity, Strength and Progress Click the link for more information.

96. GUOSA AFRICAN CULTURAL CENTER with the wide marginal differences in terms of her people, her customs the Guosa Language was evolved as a medium of common indigenous socially interwoven igbo. http://www.dawodu.net/guosa1.htm

GUOSA AFRICAN CULTURAL CENTER, Richmond, C PROUDLY PRESENTS: The Guosa Language: (A Pan Nigerian and West African Sub-Regional Language) By: Alex G. Igbineweka guosalanguage2@aol.com OR guosa_language02@yahoo.com The Guosa African Cultural Center is a diverse multi-cultural center located temporarily on 647 16th Street, Unit ‘A’, Richmond, California 94801. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of the Guosa Language African Cultural Center is to acquaint Western Civilization and the Asians world with the Guosa Language. A Pan Nigerian and West African Sub-Regional Language , Guosa is one of the world’s oldest language/cultural groups. Resulting from the ever transforming Nigerian, West African Sub-Regional languages. Guosa is influencing the cultures and nations of West Africa as the sub regional countries rise to meet the challenging socio-political global civilization. The Edo language is one of the States capital’s central languages spoken by the Edo people of Edo State in Nigeria. The language dates back to the pre-historic existence of the old Benin Kingdom which swept across the coastal territories of West Africa between the 12 th Century B.C. and 1950s AD

97. Online Research Center for World indigenous Studies Another important objective, however, is to provide a site on the Web where people from around the country The igbo Home Page http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/eduweb/engl392/onlineres.html

O n l i n e R e s e a r c h This page now incorporates articles from course themes (found under Course Materials ), as well as student web research. Postcolonial Literature in English: An Overview of Science and Technology This site has interesting facts about the communications technology of countries like Bangladesh, Ghana, India, Zimbabwe etc. that can be compared to the technological situation we enjoy. http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/hypertext/landow/post/misc/science.html Come Into My Web: Literary Postcolonialism in the Information Technology Age by V. Carchidi The Virtual Spaces of Postcoloniality: Rushdie, Ondaatje, Naipaul, Bakhtin and the Others by Anthony R. Guneratne Evaluation of Language Diversity and the Internet. http://ccwf.cc.utexas.edu/~ifix643/ "Selling Brooklyn Bridges in Cyberspac e." ... The Net and Net Citizens, by Michael Hauben. http://www.columbia.edu/~rh120/ch106.x01 "The Internet Hypertext and God: Text and God in the 'Net'" http://www.coc.com.au/LeFonque/essay/hyptxt.htm "How the Secondary Orality of the Electronic Age Can Awaken Us to the Primary Orality of Antiquity, or What Hypertext Can Teach Us About the Bible with Reflections on the Ethical and Political Issues of the Electronic Frontier." ... Lifelong Learning and Cultural Identity: Canada's Native People The Maori people are mentioned in this article for the purposes of comparison. It's relevant to our class because it deals with story-telling and langauge, and how these may be used to preserve/pass on culture.

98. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Equatorial Guinea : Land And People, Africa (African Pol Guinea gin´E Pronunciation Key Land and People. are pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, and igbo. and predominantly Roman Catholic; some indigenous religions are http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/E/EquatrGu-land-and-people.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 09, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia African Political Geography ... Equatorial Guinea By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z E Equatorial Guinea, African Political Geography Related Category: African Political Geography Equatorial Guinea E Pronunciation Key Land and People RIo Muni, located just north of the equator, is made up of lowland along the coast, which gradually rises in the interior to a maximum height of c.3,600 ft (1,100 m). RIo Muni includes three major rivers : the Campo, which forms part of the northern boundary; the Benito, located in the center; and RIo Muni, which forms part of the southern boundary. There are forests of okume, mahogany, and walnut along the coast and the rivers. Bioko is made up of three extinct volcanoes, the loftiest of which is c.9,870 ft (3,010 m) high. The island has abundant fertile volcanic soil. Corisco and the Elobey islands are located near the RIo Muni estuary. The great majority of the inhabitants of Equatorial Guinea speak a Bantu language. The main ethnic group in RIo Muni, where most of the population lives, is the Fang. The population of Bioko is primarily made of the Bubi (the oldest of the modern-day inhabitants), descendants of slaves from W Africa liberated by the British in the 19th cent., and Nigerians and Fangs who migrated there in the 20th cent. Spanish is the official language. Also spoken are pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, and Igbo. The population is at least nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic; some indigenous religions are practiced.

99. ABC Books and one of the basic igbo theological concepts who brought concepts and methods from indigenous tradition to During the fifties and sixties people having heard http://www.africanbookscollective.com/acatalog/Online_Catalogue_Anthropology_21.

ABC Books Projects Customer Services About Us Titles are sorted into publication date order Up Catalogue Information Search ... Online Catalogue Anthropology Price: -top- Price: -top- Price: -top- Boston Soko Price: -top- OSSREA Price: -top- Price: -top- Orality and Cultural Identities in Zimbabwe Maurice Taonezvi Vambe Price: -top- Chewa Traditional Religion Price: -top- The Making of Ada Price: -top- Ebiegberi Joe Alagoa Price: -top- The History of the Yorubas Samuel Johnson Price: -top- Hildebrandt Jonathan Price: -top- Price: -top- Price: -top- Price:

100. Igbo Festival: In Honour Of New Yam The individual communities, as agrarian people, have their days new yam festival in its indigenous setting Interestingly first time all the seven igbo states of http://emeagwali.com/nigeria/cuisine/igbo-new-yam-festival.html

In Honour of New Yam RELATED PAGES: Hotseat Interview of Emeagwali RELATED WEBSITES: Emeagwali's Website His wife The pomp and pageantry that attended the recent Igbo Day/new yam festival spoke eloquently of the people's rich cultural heritage. The occasion which held at the main exhibition hall of the National Theater, Lagos, was packaged jointly by the Igbo Council of Chiefs, Lagos chapter, and the All Igbo Speaking States in Lagos. The latter is a nascent umbrella body for all Igbo indigenes, both east and west of the river Niger, resident in Lagos. According to Raph Uwazuruike, the chairman of Igbo Council of Chiefs, Lagos, it aims "to strengthen the bond of relationship that existed between (the Igbos) before the civil war." In Igboland, the occasion of Iri-ji (new-yam eating) is a cultural festival because of its significance. The individual communities, as agrarian people, have their days for this august occasion during which assortment of festivities mark the eating of new yam. To the Igbos, therefore, the day is symbolic of enjoyment after the cultivation season. Emeka Odumegwu-Ojukwu, the star guest at the occasion, captured its importance vividly when he described "the new yam festival, in our tradition, as the culmination of a work cycle and the beginning of another." That perhaps explains why in a traditional Igbo setting invitation to the festival is usually thrown open. What this means, according to Uche Momah, the president of All Igbo Speaking States in Lagos, is that there is abundant food for not just the harvesters but friends and well-wishers alike.

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