21. African Tribal Art Books (tw3)(afr1Page2) people). corner of Namibia live the Himba, one of africa s geatest indigenous tribes Baga, Marka, Kra, Senufo, Mossi, Ibo, idoma, Ekoi, Fang, Bakwele, Batshioko http://www.tribalworldbooks.com.au/afr1Page2.html

Africa page links Page 2 of 3 TRIBAL WORLD BOOKS index Fagg (text), Pemberton Holcombe (editor). YORUBA Sculpture of West Africa. BNo. 0-394-71039-8. First Edition, 1982 (pb). Pp: xiv, 210; 305mm x 230mm; 1.00kg. 35 col, 35 b/w, 57 b/w photographic credits. A good paperback copy. Wrp: g. (minor wear at corners). Borzoi Book, Alfred A. Knopf Inc, New York, 1982. (The book is illustrated with Yoruba works of art from museums and private collections from around the world which provides a comprehensive view of Yoruba art) (Keywords: Ethnology, cultural history, West Africa, Nok, Ife, Owo, Benin, Oyo, Gelede, Ekiti, Odo Shango, Eshu). Book Code: AU index Gelfand , Michael. SHONA RELIGION . With special reference to the Makorekore. BNo. n/a. First Edition, 1962. Pp: (xii), 184; 215mm x 135mm; 0.42kg. 77 b/w(pl), 1 map(fd). Foreword, preface, index. Town, 1962. (This study on the religion of the Shona is based on personal observation of the author over a long period of the traditional cult and ritual practices which he attended. The greater part of the work deals with the Shona-speaking people) (Keywords: Anthropology, Southern Africa, Shona, MaKorekore

22. AllAfrica.com: Nigeria: Keyboard For Africa's Largest Spoken Mother Tongue We recognise that people who are wherein science was taught in Nigeria in indigenous languages in a world where every Yoruba, Hausa, Ibo, or idoma, is speaking http://allafrica.com/stories/200306230519.html

Use our pull-down menus to find more stories Regions/Countries Central Africa East Africa North Africa PanAfrica Southern Africa West Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo-Brazzaville Congo-Kinshasa Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland São Tomé and Príncipe Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Western Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe Topics AGOA AIDS Aid Arms and Armies Arts Athletics Banking Books Business Capital Flows Children Civil War Climate Commodities Company Conflict Conflict Economics Crime Currencies Debt Ecotourism Editorials Education Energy Environment Food and Agriculture Forests From allAfrica's Reporters Health Human Rights Humanitarian Responses ICT Infrastructure Investment Labour Latest Legal Affairs Malaria Media Mining Music NEPAD Oceans Olympics PANA Peace Talks Peacekeeping Petroleum Pollution Post-Conflict Privatization Refugees Religion Science Soccer Sport Stock Markets Terrorism Trade Transport Travel Tuberculosis Urban Issues Water Wildlife Women Central Africa Business East Africa Business North Africa Business Southern Africa Business West Africa Business Asia, Australia, and Africa

23. The Great Commission And The Languages Group, Location, Religion, People. New Guinea, Central africa, , Maluku, South American indigenous, Tohono O Fanti, Ga, Adangme, Fon, Edo, Urhobo, idoma, Nupe, Agni http://www.teachinghearts.org/dre82language.html

Teachinghearts The Challenge of the Great Commission "Explore the Word. Change the World" Statistics: Time: 80 minutes Print: 25 pages 32 pages (Landsccape) The Mission The Message Prophecy Lesson Studies Introduction to Prophecy Christ - The Messiah The Last World Empires ... 2004 - Year of World Evangelism In the Great Commission and in the prophecies, Jesus said that "the gospel must be preached in all the world as a witness to all nations - and then the end will come". Matthew 24: 14; Matthew 28: 19 In the last days, prophecy predicts the spread of this gospel. And I saw another angel flying in midheaven, having an eternal gospel to preach to those who live on the earth, and to every nation and tribe and tongue and people. - Revelation 14: 6. We have several barriers to meeting this challenge. But God is providing a way to meet them. Language - With over 6,500 languages the task seems impossible. Each aspect of a language poses a unique set of problems. This confines us to producing material by population size. Spoken Language - There is a problem with dialects, pronounciation and the availability of qualified people to teach the gospel. Also, a single written word can have several meanings depending on the tone used to pronounce the word.

24. BBC NEWS | World | Africa | What Is An African Dress Code? whatever speaks to me as an idoma, born and traditional and modern fashions that are indigenous to africa People should wear whatever makes them comfortable as http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3492932.stm

Home TV Radio Talk ... Programmes LANGUAGES Last Updated: Monday, 1 March, 2004, 17:02 GMT E-mail this to a friend Printable version What is an African dress code? Mandela's 'madiba' shirts are famous around the world Shortly after taking the oath of office as South Africa's first democratically elected President, Nelson Mandela stormed the uptight fashion world of statesmen and dignitaries with the most unprecedented suit of all. Mandela introduced the "Madiba shirt". Flowery and loose-fitting, it gave the new South African president a relaxed - and some would say less formal - appearance. Meanwhile in Kenya, the speaker of the national assembly presides over a parliament with one of the most rigid dressing codes in Africa. A suit and tie is compulsory for male Members of Parliament in Kenya, and anything less would cause an MP to be thrown out of the house. But some Kenyan parliamentarians have tried to defy the strict dressing code, which they term "colonial and un-African." Some have dared to disobey the speaker, turning up in Parliament with flowing Nigerian "agbada" robes - and of course getting thrown out for it.

25. Africa Direct-Ethnographic Art, Trade Beads, Masks, Carvings, Artifacts, Textile idoma people. Central Nigeria. Hausa people. Northern Nigeria, northwestern Niger. Magnificent wooden bowl with indigenous repair of crack.. . . http://www.africadirect.com/specials2.html?category=Specials&pagenum=31&start=90

26. Africa Direct-Ethnographic Art, Trade Beads, Masks, Carvings, Artifacts, Textile idoma People. Benue River area, Nigeria. Length 25.5 inches. Makonde People. Tanzania. Wood. Depth 7.75 inches. indigenous repairs visible inside of mask. http://www.africadirect.com/specials2.html?category=Specials&pagenum=29&start=84

27. Intamas Part 2 CSE.35.1.71, idoma LANGUAGE and as a result they provide detailed account of the indigenous social, political judicial and economic systems of the peoples of the http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/orient/nae/intamas2.htm

Go to Part 1 Intamas Page Start Page AN INDEX TO INTELLIGENCE REPORTS, ANTHROPOLOGICAL REPORTS, ASSESSMENT REPORTS AND RE-ORGANISATION REPORTS IN THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES, ENUGU BY U. O. A. ESSE NATIONAL ARCHIVES, ENUGU 1992 PART TWO Contents ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND ETHNOLOGICAL REPORTS ASSESSMENT AND REASSESSMENT REPORTS ORGANISATION AND REORGANISATION REPORTS ANTHROPOLOGICA L AND ETHNOLOGICAL REPORTS In order to understand the peoples of the Eastern Provinces, Their origin, social and political organisation with a view to reorganising the whole system, the colonial Administration in Nigeria engaged the services of British Anthropologist to collect and collate data on some communities in the Eastern Provinces. The information contained in these reports are veritable source material for the study of the early history of these communities. Also of importance is the information on ethnological Report of the people which is closely related to the Anthropological Reports. This part is divided into two sections. Section one deals with the Anthropological Reports while section two deals with the Ethnological Reports. FILE NO.56

28. Ndiigbo Who Are The Igbo Of Africa? The people constitute the largest indigenous African nation wholly of Nsukka and Igboeze are the idoma, Igala, and that God Chukwu gave to a gifted people. http://www.kwenu.com/ndiigbo/who_moe.htm

29. BookFinder.com: Book Directory of indigenous Education in 0-8357-6967-4 The Gurage A People of the...... Igala by Robert G. Armstrong, the idomaSpeaking peoples 8 Chaga Childhood A http://www.bookfinder.com/dir/2227840-2227999/

Search About Interact Help Book Directory Tennessee Folk Culture: An Annotated Bibliography [0835769143 0-8357-6914-3] Imported Eighteenth-Century Law Treatises in American Libraries, 1700-1799 [0835769151 0-8357-6915-1] Memphis Since Crump: Bossism, Blacks and Civic Reformers, 1948-1968 [083576916X 0-8357-6916-X] Management of Technology: The Hidden Competitive Advantage [0835769178 0-8357-6917-8] ... Contact us...

30. Login To BioOne other countries of tropical West africa largely for their other uses by the indigenous people, thereby highlighting groups—Ijaw, Efik/Ibibio, idoma, Tivi; Edo http://www.bioone.org/bioone/?request=get-document&issn=0013-0001&volume=056&iss

31. Yorubabib.rtf The use of linguistic and ethnographic data in the study of idoma and Yoruba 1967. indigenous Ibadan , in PC Lloyd et al. Yorubaspeaking peoples in Dahomey http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/YorubaT/yorubabib.html

Bibliography Abaelu, J.N. and H.I. Cook. Wages of Unskilled Workers in Agriculture and some Characteristics of the Farm Labour Market in the Western State of Nigeria, Ile-Ife, University of Ife Press. Abdul, M.O.A. 1967. 'Islam in Ijebu Ode', M.A. dissertation, McGill University, Montreal. 1970. 'Yoruba divination and Islam', Orita, Abernethy, D.B. The Political Dilemma of Popular Education: an African Case, Stanford, Stanford University Press. Abimb o la, W. 1973. 'The Yoruba concept of human personality', in La Notion de Personne en Afrique Noire, Paris, CNRS. Adegb o la, O. 1972. 'The Impact of Migration on the Rural Economy of Oshun Division of Western State', Ph.D. dissertation, Ibadan University. Adejuyigbe, O. 1972. 'Reorganisation of local government councils in Western Nigeria', Quarterly Journal of Administration, Adep o ju, A. 1974. 'Rural-urban socio-economic links: the example of migrants in south west Nigeria', in S. Amin (ed.), Modern Migrations in West Africa, London, Oxford University Press. Adetugb o , A.

32. AllRefer Reference - Nigeria - The Southern Area | Nigerian Information Resource Congo family, related to the idoma and Igala Wole Soyinka, africa s first Nobel prizewinner in and of region, history, and leadership among Nigeria s peoples. http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/nigeria/nigeria59.html

You are here allRefer Reference Nigeria History ... Nigeria Nigeria The Southern Area Village elder from Gusau in highlands of eastern Nigeria Courtesy World Bank (Josef Hadad) In general, the southern groups of peoples have a fragmented quality. In 1990 the two most important groupings were the Igbo and the Yorubaboth linguistic communities rather than single ethnic units. History, language, and membership in the modern nation-state, however, had led to their identity as ethnic groups. In addition, although not as clearly differentiated, two subunits had strong traditions of ethnic separateness. These were the peoples of the Niger River delta area and those on the border between the Igbo and Yoruba. The Yoruba kingdoms were essentially unstable, even when defended by Portuguese guns and later by cavalry (in Ilorin and Kabba), because the central government had insufficient power constitutionally or militarily to stabilize the subordinate chiefs in the outlying centers. This fissiparous tendency has governed Yoruba contemporary history and has weakened traditional rulers and strengthened the hands of local chiefs and elected councils. Ilorin, like Nupe to the north, was an exception, an extension of Fulani imperial expansion; in 1990 it was ethnically Yoruba, yet more closely allied through its traditional rulers to the Islamic societies to the north. It thus formed a bridge between north and south. Migration of Fulani people in northern Nigeria Courtesy Embassy of Nigeria, Washington

33. Analysis view, there are the original, autochtonous, indigenous, inhabitants of 4. Idomoid, idoma, Igedde, Yala and Alago a level of ignorance of how peoples, nations and http://www.ceddert.com/analysis-02-01-03-6.htm

Analysis PUBLISHED AND PRINTED IN ZARIA Volume 2 No. 2. February 2003 Violent Ethnic Conflicts in NigeriaBeyond Myths and Mystifications By Bala Usman The most primary of the fabrics binding all human communities, throughout the world, from the earliest Stone Age hunting and gathering bands, up to today, has been the provision, on a sustained basis, of the security of life, and of the means of life, to the members of that community. But, even from that very ancient period of human development, one of the most difficult political problems that human communities and polities have faced, is that of establishing on a feasible, and operationable, basis who is a member of the community and who is not. For, this defines where the boundaries of the community and the polity begin and end, and who comes within that community and who is outside it and constitutes an actual or, a potential threat to the security and safety of its members. But, also one of the most permanent features of human development has been that these boundaries have to keep changing and, generally, expanding in order to incorporate others, who do not have the same ancestry, but who move in due to all sorts of factors and constitute a dynamic factor in improving the cultural, technological, economic and even political levels of the community. Human progress at all levels, even at the level of genetic development, is inseparable from immigration and the inter-mixing of different groups to form new groups. But, this process always challenges the existing order and generates tension, stresses, which can be used to set off violent conflicts. These are lessons of history we have to face in Nigeria, as others are facing them in all countries of the world.

34. Dallas 2004 Convention- Idoma Association USA - with works from a number of indigenous artists presenting the history of the idoma people tracing their origin and migration across sub-Saharan africa. http://www.idomausa.org/2004/convention.htm

The Idoma Association USA 2004 convention will take place in Dallas, Texas. It promises to be a convention with a difference - with lots of exciting activities planned! As is befitting it's location in the middle of the Arts District in Dallas, the convention's activities will include an art exhibition, with works from a number of indigenous artists. The artists' work will uniquely express their vision of what it means to be Idoma. In addition to the art exhibition, there will be a play, presenting the history of the Idoma people - tracing their origin and migration across sub-Saharan Africa. The evening gala also promises wonderful entertainment and delectable dishes! It is our hope that you will participate in this unique event, and help us to promote knowledge about the Idoma people in the United States, as well as help to foster relations that will bring benefits to all. Home Convention Hotel Info Schedule of Events ... Dallas Area Attractions

35. African Studies Center | Publications | Index in History, History in Art The idoma Ancestral Masquerade as A Narrative History of People and Forests of North Pare, Tanzania indigenous Conservation, Local http://www.bu.edu/africa/publications/index/indexauthor.html

CENTER PUBLICATIONS BY AUTHOR A B C D ... Z African Studies Center publications series listed here are intended to highlight the research of scholars affiliated with Boston University or the work of other scholars presented at Boston University. Explanation of code numbers (used for ordering): AH ILE WP, and AAIC refer to article-length papers in Discussion Papers in the African Humanities ( AH ), Working Papers of the African Studies Center ( WP ), Issues in Language Education ( ILE ), and African-American Issues Center Papers (AAIC). ARS refers to a paperback monograph in the African Research Studies. AFDOC refers to a book in the African Historical Documents series. BUPA refers to an edited book in the series Boston University Papers on Africa. A Adam, Hussein M. 1993. Militarism and Warlordism: Rethinking the Somali Political Experience

36. African Studies Center | Publications | Index in History, History in Art The idoma Ancestral Masquerade as of North Pare, Tanzania indigenous Conservation, Local A Narrative History of People and Forests http://www.bu.edu/africa/publications/index/indextopic.html

CENTER PUBLICATIONS BY MAJOR TOPIC Agriculture Arts/Art History Development Education ... Women And Gender African Studies Center publications series listed here are intended to highlight the research of scholars affiliated with Boston University or the work of other scholars presented at Boston University. Note: These entries are listed alphabetically by title within each topic Explanation of code numbers (used for ordering): AH WP, and AAIC refer to article-length papers in Discussion Papers in the African Humanities (AH), Working Papers of the African Studies Center (WP), and African-American Issues Center Papers (AAIC). ARS refers to a paperback monograph in the African Research Studies. AFDOC refers to a book in the African Historical Documents series.

37. Nigeria: Ethnicity, Location And Relationships to Christianity or to a local indigenous religion, and Congo family, related to the idoma and Igala of region, history, and leadership among Nigeria s peoples. http://www.carnelian-international.com/nigeria/Ethnicity.htm

Nigeria : Ethnicity, Location and Relationships The Northern Area The best known of the northern peoples, often spoken of as coterminous with the north, are the Hausa. The term refers also to a language spoken indigenously by savanna peoples spread across the far north from Nigeria's western boundary eastward to Borno State and into much of the territory of southern Niger. The core area lies in the region in the north and northwest where about 30 percent of all Hausa could be found. It also includes a common set of cultural practices and, with some notable exceptions, Islamic emirates that originally comprised a series of centralized governments and their surrounding subject towns and villages. These pre colonial emirates were still major features of local government in 1990. Each had a central citadel town that housed its ruling group of nobles and royalty served as the administrative, judicial, and military organization of these states. Traditionally, the major towns were also trading centres; some such as Kano, Zaria, or Katsina were urban conglomerations with populations of 25,000 to 100,000 in the nineteenth century. They had central markets, special wards for foreign traders, complex organizations of craft specialists, and religious leaders and organizations. They administered a hinterland of subject settlements through a hierarchy of officials, and they interacted with other states and ethnic groups in the region by links of warfare, raiding, trade, tribute, and alliances.

38. LANGRTS such as Edo, Efik, Fulfulde, idoma, and Kanuri. the widespread immigration often overwhelmed indigenous people, killed many has been that unlike africa and Asia http://www.languageandlaw.org/LANGRTS.HTM

LANGUAGE RIGHTS, BILINGUALISM, AND OFFICIAL ENGLISH [This material may be used for educational or academic purposes if cited or referred to as: Peter Tiersma, Language Rights, Bilingualism, and Offical English , http://www.languageandlaw.org/LANGRTS.HTM] What is Bilingualism? The term bilingual (or multilingual) can be used in various ways. In reference to an individual, it generally means someone who speaks two languages (or more, in the case of a multilingual person). When used in reference to groups of people or countries, it may describe a situation where people speaking different languages live in the same political or social unit. Obviously, this situation exists around the world. Examples of officially bilingual countries are Canada and Belgium. Multilingual contries include Singapore, South Africa, and Switzerland. As a result, we can say that a person is bilingual (speaks two languages) or is multilingual (speaks multiple languages, also called polygolt). Or we can say that a country is bilingual or multilingual. There have been a number of studies on bilingual people by various linguists and other social scientists. I will focus here on some of the legal issues presented by bilingualism. Bilingualism Around the World Like Sweden, almost all western European nations are linguistically diverse not just because of recent immigration; most contain indigenous minorities as well. Great Britain, for instance, has remnants of Celtic languages which were once spoken throughout the British isles: Scottish, Welsh, and Irish Gaelic, as well as Cornish and Manx, which are severely threatened or have died out in relatively recent times. Germany has a Sorbian (or Wendish) speaking minority in the east, and Frisian speakers in the north (Frisian is closely related to English). The Netherlands, whose official language is Dutch, also has around half a million Frisian speakers. Both Germany and the Netherlands have substantial immigrant communities, who speak eastern and southern European, as well as north African, languages.

39. The Papers Of Errol G. Hill In The Dartmouth College Library indigenous Performance in Zambia, by Michael Etherton; in from The YorubaSpeaking peoples, by AB Ellis Symbolic Assassination the idoma Ogrinye Masquerade, by http://diglib.dartmouth.edu/library/ead/html/ml77.html

Back to Finding Aids Index XML Version TABLE OF CONTENTS DESCRIPTIVE SUMMARY BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION INTRODUCTION BIBLIOGRAPHY ... UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The Papers of Errol G. Hill in the Dartmouth College Library Contact Information: Rauner Special Collections Library Dartmouth College 6065 Webster Hall Hanover, NH 03755-2519 USA Fax: 603-646-0447 rauner.reference@dartmouth.edu http://www.dartmouth.edu/~speccoll/ Descriptive Summary Title: The Papers of Errol G. Hill in the Dartmouth College Library, September 1994 Dates: September 1994 ID: ML-77 Biographical Information Born, August 5, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, West Indies Received British Council scholarship Received Diploma in Dramatic Art, with Distinction, and Graduate Diploma from the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, London Announcer and actor, B.B.C., London Stage director for Arts Council tour of the provinces of Wales and the North of England Tutor in Drama and Radio, University of the West Indies Married Grace Lucille Eunice Hope Editor, Caribbean Plays, Vol. 1; received 2-year Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship Received Theatre Guild of America Fellowship Earned BA degree from Yale University, as well as MFA in Playwriting

40. As Power Blocs Implode position as leader of the Northern peoples Congress (NPC Hausa; many of them are the indigenous Maguzawa rulers of hard pronorth tribes like the idoma of Benue http://www.gamji.com/NEWS1105.htm

As Power Blocs Implode By Yusuf Tuggar [KANO] ytuggar@yahoo.com Dear Louis Odion, With reference to your THISDAY editorial dated Friday, 18 th January, I beg your indulgence to make the following contribution. Your attempt to analogize the North and Southwest vis-à-vis power blocks was a noble failure. The Gamji Club and Turaki Group you mentioned as examples of bodies being resurrected to haunt the Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF) are actually its building blocks, along with the likes of the Unity and Development Foundation . You do not seem to fully comprehend the innate democratic nature of politics in the North, which you perhaps inadvertently alluded to when you hinted on Awo’s disdain for dissent. In keeping with Northern Nigeria’s heritage of entertaining and even encouraging discourse as fertilizer for the polity, the ACF as the regions umbrella organization has to allow for divergence of views. This tradition goes beyond the Sardauna era: Shehu Usman Danfodio, his brother Abdullahi Fodio and his son Sultan Bello engaged in such continuous debating in the 19 th Working with the flawed premise that the ACF is structured the same way as Afenifere leads you to assume that M.D. Yusufu is the

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