21. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany Photos and information on perennial herbs. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/lili.htm

Liliaceae All but the first four entries below are now often treated in more homogeneous, segregate families (indicated in parentheses). Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Cli ntonia uniflora , queen's cup, 1 - Mt. Seymour, B.C, 2 - vic. Tokatee Falls, OR, 2003. Erythronium grandiflorum , yellow fawn lily, 1,2 - Mary's Peak, OR, 2002, 3 - Mt. Rainier, WA. Note the 6 tepals, 6 stamens, and 3 stigmas. Erythronium hendersonii , Henderson's fawn lily, vic. Siskyou Mts., SW OR, April, 2004. Erythronium montanum , alpine fawn lily, avalanche lily, Mt. Rainier, WA. Erythronium oregonum , giant fawnlily, 1-3 - Mary's Peak, OR, 2002. Erythr onium oregonum , giant fawnlily, 1- 4 - OR, 2003. Fritillaria affinis , rice root, WA. Fritillaria gentneri , Gentner's fritillary, vic. Jacksonville, OR, Mar. 2004. Fritillaria pudica , yellow bell. Fritillaria recurva , scarlet fritillary, vic. Jacksonville, OR, Mar. 2004. cf. Fritillaria , loculicidal capsule, common fruit type for Liliaceae Lilium columbianum , tiger lily.

22. Plant Biology Information and resources pertaining to botany. Anatomy/Physiology. Biochemistry. Biotechnology. botany. Cell Anatomy. Cell Biology Advertisement. botany. Guide picks. Information and resources on plant viruses, herbs and plants, plant http://botany.about.com/cs/botany

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Biology Plant Biology Home Essentials Science Fair Projects Top Biology Programs ... Brain Basics zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); AP Biology Biology Dictionary Biology Science Fair Biotechnology / Cloning ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Biology newsletter. Search Biology Plant Biology Information on plants, plant biology, plant viruses, and more. Alphabetical Recent Carnivorous Plants Find out about these unusual plants that capture, kill and digest animal organisms. Plant Cells A look at the structure and function of plant cells. Plant Tissue Systems Plant tissues can be simple, consisting of a single cell type, or complex, consisting of more than one cell type. Plant Viruses and Viroids A look at the structure and function of plant viruses and viroids. Unusual Plants Explore a few select plants that are interesting and unusual. Topic Index email to a friend back to top Our Story ... User Agreement

23. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany perennial herbs from rhizomes, bulbs or corms. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/irid.htm

Iridaceae The Iridaceae are perennial herbs from rhizomes, bulbs or corms comprising about 80 genera and 1,500 species. The leaves are distichous and have a sheathing, equitant base and a generally ensiform or linear blade with parallel venation. The flowers are bisexual, usually showy, and are actinomorphic or zygomorphic. The perianth consists of 6 petaloid tepals in two differentiated or undifferentiated whorls. Commonly all 6 tepals are united into a perianth tube or epigynous zone. The androecium consists of 3 distinct or connate stamens positioned opposite and often adnate to the outer tepals. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of 3 carpels, a single, commonly 3-branched style, and an inferior ovary with 3 locules, each containing few to numerous axile ovules. The fruit is a loculicidal capsule. Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Belamcanda chinensis , leopard flower. Notice the distichous, equitant, ensiform lea ves. The lower photo shows perianth of 6, poorly differentiated petaloid tepals, 3 stamens, inferior ovary, and capsular fruit. C rocosmia x crocosmiiflora , montbretia. This is a species with zygomorphic flowers. Note the petaloid tepals, 3 stamens, and inferior ovary.

24. Herbs Related Links And Resources By Carvalhas & Tavares Kohler s Medicinal Plants. Medicinal herbs by Common Name (UW). Michael Moore SW School of Botanical Medicine. Internet Directory for botany Software. http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Spa/6896/herbs.html

Herbs related Links and Resources PhytoNet Provides an information resource for those involved in the development, manufacture, regulation and surveillance of phytomedicines and herbal drugs EMEA - HMPWG - Herbal Medicinal Products Working Group Phyto Databases Ashlynn's Grove's - usage guide Botanical.com - A Modern Herbal (Mrs. M. Grieve) Biotech - Cyberbotanica Plant Compounds and Chemotherapy BODD - Botanical Dermatology Database DPD - Phytochemical Database of Plant Databases FDA-CFSAN - Adverse Event Monitoring System database FLORIN - Russian botanical database GardenWeb - Plant Database Harvard Herbaria- Databases IAPT-MARY - Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarium Vascularium Database InfoHerbs - Plantas Aromaticas e Medicinais Markku Savela - Plant Database Michael Moore - Herbal - Medical Glossary Michael Moore - Herbal Materia Medica 5.0 NAPRALERT - Natural Products Alert database (Access through e-mail) NCCAM/NIH - National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Database PhytochemDB - Plant chemical data ( Quantity, Taxonomic, Activity

25. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany General description and images of the family of epiphytic herbs or terrestrial xerophytes comprising about 45 genera and 2,000 species. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/bromeli.htm

Bromeliaceae Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Aechmea gamosepala , cultivated, Lyon Arboretum, Honolulu, HI, May, 2004. Alcantarea imperialis , specimen with rather deformed inflorescence, cultivated, Lyon Arboretum, Honolulu, HI. Ananas comosus , pineapple. The pineapple is still an important cash crop in Hawaii. Note the troughlike, strap-shaped leaves and the reddish bracts associated with the flowers. In this species the ovaries and perianth segments of adjacent flowers become coalesced into a multiple accessory fruit. Bromelia sp. Note the 3-merous perianth in two distinct whorls, and 6 stamens. The whitish scurfy substance is made of peltate scales. The stigmas are spirally twisted together. Neoregelia compacta , blushing bromeliad. Compact, erect herb to about 1 foot tall. Neoregelia spectabilis , fingernail plant. Erect herb from Brazil with red-tipped leaves about one foot long and one and a half inches wide; flowers blue. Tilla ndsia usneoides , Spanish moss. The trimerous perianth and peltate scales are very evident in the close-up photo.

26. LIST OF HERBS EXPORTS LIST OF herbs. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A HOME S.NO botany NAME HABIT. http://www.geocities.com/tanhoard/tanher1a.htm

TAN-HOARD EXPORTS LIST OF HERBS A B C D ... P ] [Q] [ R S T ] [U] [ V W X ] [Y] [ Z A HOME S.NO BOTANY NAME HABIT Botany name : Abrus precatorius Tamil name : Kundumani Habit : Climbing shurb Parts used : Roots, seeds, leaves. Constituens : Seeds contain poisonous proteins and the roots contain glycyrrhizin. Action : Leaves are laxative, expectorant and aphrodisiac, seeds are purgative, emietic,tonic antiphlogistic, aphrodisiac and anti- opthalmic. Botany name : Acacia arabica Tamil name : Karuvelam Habit Tree Parts used Bark, gum,leaves, seeds and .pods. Constituents : Gum contains arabic acids combined with calcium magnesium and potacium. Action : Astringent, demulcent,aphrodisiac,nutritive and expectorant. bark is powerful astringent.pods are expectorant. Botany name : Acalypha fruticosa Tamil name : Siru chinniI Habit Herb Parts used Leaves and roots..

27. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany rhizomatous or tuberous herbs comprising about http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/ar.htm

Araceae Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Aglaeonema sp., a common houseplant. Alocasia macrorrhiza , Araceae, 'ape. Giant herb from South and SE Asia, with huge arrowhead-shaped leaf blades up to three feet long. Closely related to taro and sometimes cultivated for the edible (after cooking) underground stem. Amorphophallus titanum . This aroid has a giant inflorescence. This particular spadix attained a height of 1.37 m. Anthurium andreanum , anthurium. Small, herbaceous plant from tropical America, grown for the long-lasting flowers (and associated bracts), which are very popular in floral arrangements. A significant commercial crop, especially of the island of Hawaii. Caladium sp., caladium. Ornamental species grown mainly for the colorful foliage. Colocasia esculenta , taro, kalo. Herbaceous plant from old world tropics, with thick tuber (underground stem) containing much starch; cultivated for food for many centuries. Taro was brought to Hawaii by early migrating Polynesians as the main food source. They had perhaps 300 varieties taro under cultivation at one time. The leaves of many varieties were also eaten. Taro must be cooked to destroy the acrid crystals of calcium oxalate found in all parts of the plant. Taro was so important that it had great influence on the social and individual activities of the community. One obvious ramification of taro cultivation involved water utilization. Such was the importance of taro that it was considered the plant form (kino-lau) of the great god Kane, the giver of life.

28. Botany botany. This Ranunculaceae Buttercup or crowfoot family; Typically herbs with compound leaves; Flowers with numerous stamens and carpels; http://www.frontier.iarc.uaf.edu/~cswingle/misc/botany.phtml

@import url(../layout.css); Woodworking Baseball Weather Beer Brewing ... About Me Botany This page contains a list of the important plant families and genera in Alaska, along with a few identifying characteristics for those taxa. Characteristics that are especially important for distinguishing a particular group from other similar groups are in bold face. Please note, however, that these characters are for the Alaskan flora, and may not work in other parts of the world. Also note that this is far from an exhaustive list of the families and genera, even in Alaska. For furthur reference, consult the following titles: Argus, G.W. 1973. The Genus Salix in Alaska and the Yukon. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa. 279 pages. Hickman, J.C. (editor). 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. 1400 pages. Hulten, E. 1968. Flora of Alaska and Neighboring Territories. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. 1008 pages. Smith, J.P., Jr. 1977. Vascular Plant Families. Mad River Press, Inc., Eureka, CA. 320 pages.

29. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany herbs or rarely subshrubs comprising about 75 genera and http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/caryophyll.htm

Caryophyllaceae The Caryophyllaceae are herbs or rarely subshrubs comprising about 75 genera and 2,000 species further characterized by p-plastids and usually swollen nodes. The leaves are simple, nearly always opposite and decussate, and are estipulate or sometimes have scarious stipules. The flowers are actinomorphic and mostly bisexual. Although the corolla rarely may be absent, the perianth typically consists of a calyx of 5 connate sepals and a corolla of 5 distinct, frequently clawed petals. The stamens are in one or two whorls, either equaling or twice the number of petals. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of 2-5 carpels, usually with an equal number of styles and with a superior ovary that has a single locule with numerous free central ovules. In some cases the ovary is 3-5 loculed with axile placentation basally and l-loculed with free central placentation above. Occasionally, there may be a single basal ovule. The fruit most commonly is capsular. Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Arenaria sp, sandwort.

30. Medical Botany. References on Indoles and Medicinal herbs. Lewis, WH and ElvinLewis, MPF Medical botany plants affecting man s health. New York John Wiley Sons, 1977. http://www.vitaletherapeutics.org/vtlrefwl.htm

References on Indoles and Medicinal Herbs GO TO: Home Overview People Journal ... e-mail us

31. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany herbs, shrubs, or trees comprising about http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/verben.htm

Verbenaceae The Verbenaceae are herbs, shrubs, or trees comprising about 100 genera and 2,600 species that are further characterized by the common occurrence of quadrangular twigs and/or aromatic herbage. The leaves are nearly always opposite or whorled, mostly simple; stipules are lacking. The flowers are nearly always bisexual and zygomorphic. The calyx is synsepalous and most commonly 5-merous. The corolla is sympetalous, usually unequally 5-lobed, and sometimes strongly 2-lipped. The androecium most commonly consists of 4 didynamous stamens adnate to the corolla tube or perigynous zone, alternate with the lobes. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of nearly always 2 carpels, a single terminal or subterminal style, and an unlobed or shallowly lobed ovary, usually with 4 locules (by false septation), each with a single axile ovule. A weakly developed annular nectary disk occurs around the base of the ovary in many species. The fruit is usually a drupe or nutlets. Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph.

32. SAIN Resources About Herbs Department of Environmental Protection Subject Plants, Vegetation, Organisms, Plant production, Plant resources, botany, Flora, Ferns, herbs, Vines, Shrubs http://sain.nbii.gov/phpqueries/herbs.php

Use the 'text only' version of this web page for browsers not JavaScript enabled. Link to 'text only' contained in page footer. Use the 'text only' version of this web page for browsers not JavaScript enabled. Link to 'text only' contained in page footer. Use the 'text only' version of this web page for browsers not JavaScript enabled. Link to 'text only' contained in page footer. Use the 'text only' version of this web page for browsers not JavaScript enabled. Link to 'text only' contained in page footer. Listings of online resources about Stingers (Cuidaria) Spiny Skinned (Echinodermata) Mollusks (Mollusca) Arthropods (Arthropoda) Vertebrates (Vertebrata) Jellyfish and similar Star Fish and similar Snails (Gastropods) (Bivalves) (Cephalopods) Chitons and related (Chitons, Scaphopods, Neopilina) Crustaceans (Crustacea) Insects (Insecta) Arachnids (Arachnida) Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds ... Mammals Catalog of Online Resources Periodicals Federal Government State Governments Multimedia Images Sound Video Parks ... Teacher Resources Catalog of Online Resources Viruses Bacteria Protists (Mycology) Plants (Botany) Algae Mosses Ferns Herbs ... Visualization and Analysis Tools Evaluations and Methodologies Partners Infrastructure Contact Us Catalog of Online Resources Species Conservation Invasive Species Ecosystems Farmlands ... Water Quality SAIN Resources about Herbs

33. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany trees, shrubs or sometimes herbs, usually with http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/apocyn.htm

Apocynaceae Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Alyxia oliviformis, maile. The bark and leaves of this native Hawaiian vine are used to make a fragrant lei. Allamanda cathartica , Apocynaceae, allamanda, lani-ali'i. Climbing ornamental shrub from Brazil, with large yellow tubular flowers to about 3 inches in diameter. The leaves contain a cathartic. Allamanda schottii , Apocynaceae, allamanda. Small shrub from Brazil, with yellow tubular flowers smaller than preceding species. Fruits globose, prickly, burlike. Beaumontia jerdoniana. This species has a very broad corolla tube which makes it possible to easily see the anthers adhering to the stigma. Carissa macrocarpa, Natal plum. In this species the tube of the 5-lobed corolla is very narrow. Note the paired red fruits that have developed from the separate ovaries of the single pistil. They diverged during the maturation period following abscission of the unifying style. Cascabela thevetia

34. SAIN Resources About Herbs management, Rare species, Plants, Vegetation, Organisms, Plant production, Plant resources, botany, Flora, Horticulture, Bryophyta, Ferns, herbs, Vines, Shrubs http://sain.nbii.gov/phpqueries/herbs.php?page=2

35. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany mostly temperate herbs almost always with http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/api.htm

Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Astrantium major. This species has showy bracts at the base of the umbel. It also has larger sepals than typical for the family. Note the small, pinkish inflexed petals and the inferior ovaries. Ciclospermum leptophyllum , fir-leaved celery. Cicuta douglasii, water hemlock. The rays of other portions of the compound umbel are barely visible in the background. Notice the 5-merous nature of the corolla and androecium, and the fleshy nectary disk and stylopodium around the base of the 2 styles in each flower. Coriandrum sativum, coriander. This species has the flowers arranged to form a loose pseudanthium that mimics a single flower. Notice that the peripheral flowers have one or two petals enlarged and directed away from the center of the umbel. Daucus carota , wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace, Corvallis, OR, July 2003. Eryngium foetidum . This genus has the flowers in heads rather than umbels. Heracleum lanatum , cow parsnip, vic. Corvallis, OR, 2002.

36. Herbarium, Department Of Botany, NC State University herbs and vines. 1. Plant a vine 2. 1. Plant not a vine 7. 2. Leaves alternate FABACEAE. 2. Leaves opposite 3. 3. Leaves compound BIGNONIACEAE. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/botany/ncsc/Spring_flora/herbsandvines.htm

Introduction Herbs and vines Shrubs Families Glossary Herbarium (NCSC) ... NC Agric Research Service Herbs and vines 1. Plant a vine 1. Plant not a vine Leaves alternate FABACEAE 2. Leaves opposite Leaves compound BIGNONIACEAE 3. Leaves simple Ovary inferior 4. Ovary superior Petals 4; plant prostrate on ground RUBIACEAE 5. Petals 5; plant climbing on objects or other plants CAPRIFOLIACEAE LOGANIACEAE long APOCYNACEAE Perianth and perianth-like structure lacking 7. Perianth or structure simulating perianth present Flowers on finger-like structure ( spadix ) that is surrounded by a modified leaf ARACEAE 8. Flowers not on finger-like structure that is surrounded by a modified leaf Flowers white, in a terminal spike; leaves with palmate veins, not sheathing stem; stem round in cross section SAURURACEAE 9. Flowers green, greenish, or brown, not in terminal spike; leaves parallel veined, sheathing stem; stem round or triangular in cross section Stem triangular in cross section CYPERACEAE 10. Stem round in cross section or flattened

37. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany mostly herbs or shrubs comprising about http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/acanth.htm

Acanthaceae Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Adhatoda cydoniaefolia , Brazilian bower plant. Asystasia gangetica , Chinese violet. The small bracts in this species are not typical for the family. However, the very deeply 5-lobed calyx is. The photo in the middle shows half of an immature fruit with one of the seeds remove and the other still resting on the bracket-like jaculator. The photo on the right shows the whole fruit after dehiscence. Notice the persistent calyx and the well developed jaculators upon which the seeds rested before the explosive separation of the carpels hurled the seeds out of the capsule. Graptophyllum pictum , caricature plant. The zygomorphic, strongly 2-lipped flowers of this species are much more conspicuous than the floral bracts. Hemigraphis alternata , metal leaf. This common ground cover has purplish bracts that are about as conspicuous as the flowers. Justicia betonica , white shrimp plant. Note the conspicuous bracts, the strongly two-lipped corollas, and the didynamous stamens. Justicia brandegeana , red shrimp plant. The bracts in this species are quite showy and are at least as conspicuous as the 2-lipped corollas.

38. Octavo: Bigelow's American Medical Botany, Octavo Edition Helpful herbs American Medical botany covers species as various as Datura stramonium (thorn apple, or jimsonweed), Rhus vernix (poison sumac), Conium maculatum http://www.octavo.com/collections/projects/bgwamb/?pageMode=marginalia&anecdote=

39. Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany succulent herbs or infrequently soft shrubs http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/portulac.htm

Portulacaceae The Portulacaceae are succulent herbs or infrequently soft shrubs comprising about 20 genera and 500 species further characterized by the presence of betalains and p-plastids. The leaves are entire, alternate or opposite, usually fleshy, and usually with scarious or hairlike stipules. The flowers are bisexual and have what appears to be a differentiated perianth consisting of 2 distinct or basally connate sepals and mostly 4-6 distinct or basally connate petals. The stamens and petals are isomerous, opposite, and sometimes adnate or the stamens may number 2-4 times as many as the petals. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of 2-3 carpels with a 2-5 branched style and a superior or half inferior ovary that has a single locule containing 1-many basal ovules. The fruit is usually a circumscissile or loculicidal capsule. Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Calandrinia ciliata, red maids. Note 2 sepals, five petals, and 10 stamens. Claytonia perfoliata , miner's lettuce. This species shows the stamens opposite the petals, 3-branched style, and 2 sepals.

40. The Botany Shelf Back to botany The Green Basics. Boudica s Kitchen Info on herbs and trees; Essential Oil Technical Data Prepared by Gary Ross. Funeral herbs by Selana Fox. http://www.iit.edu/~phillips/personal/contents/testbot.html

Botany Ethnobotany Gardens Green Basics Grey Mantle's Articles ... The Mailbox Trees Creating a Beltane Fire from the Witches' Web of Days. Sacred Woods and the Lore of Trees Trees of the Ogham Index of Native Trees of the British Isles ... Back to Botany Herbal Sites WITCHES HERBAL AND HEALING PAGE on Elfrey's Alter AMR'TA: The Alchemical Medicine Research and Teaching Association SOARING BEAR's Herbal Page The Herbal Encyclopedia ... HerbWeb A unique and useful database of plants and their properties. There is a downloadable shareware NOT free! version. The United Herbal Archives The Essential Garden Gardens An Aboriginal Garden A Crash Course in a Witch's Garden Good stuff. A Pagan Garden Translating the Japanese Garden Back to Botany The Green Basics Books That Work: Complete Guide to Garden Stuff Gardening.com's Plant Encyclopedia Greymantle's Collection of Articles: An Introduction to the doctrine of Signatures by Tamarra S Jones. Boudica's Kitchen : Info on herbs and trees Essential Oil Technical Data Prepared by Gary Ross. Funeral Herbs by Selana Fox.

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