81. Bmj.com Ravnskov 324 (7331): 238 Alert me when New articles cite this article. BMJ 2002;324238 ( 26 January ) Letters. dietheart disease hypothesis is wishful thinking. http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/324/7331/238

Home Help Search/Archive Feedback ... Respond to this article Read responses to this article Related letters in BMJ PubMed citation Related articles in PubMed Download to Citation Manager Search Medline for articles by: Ravnskov, U. Alert me when: New articles cite this article BMJ 2002;324:238 ( 26 January ) Letters Diet-heart disease hypothesis is wishful thinking E DITOR Mann et al and Hu et al list several shortcomings in the trials reviewed by Hooper et al that explain why dietary treatments for patients with coronary heart disease were ineffective. Inferior studies with negative results are prevalent, but where is the positive evidence that justifies the dietary recommendations? Mann et al point to the improved outcome in the subgroup analysis of the five prolonged trials. But in that analysis Hooper et al excluded the Sydney diet-heart study, where total mortality was significantly increased, and included the Veterans Administration Trial, which was biased by a significant higher number of heavy smokers in the control group.

82. TIMEasia Magazine: Asia's War With Heart Disease What do you most often do to prevent heart disease? Exercise regularly Watch your diet Get regular checkups None of the above. The http://www.time.com/time/asia/covers/501040510/story.html

Asia's War With Heart Disease Across the region, the death toll from cardiovascular disease is soaring. Here's how you can stay healthy Inside the Heart What You Can Do Effective ways to reduce your risk What do you most often do to prevent heart disease? Exercise regularly Watch your diet Get regular checkups None of the above The Fires Within Inflammation: The secret killer The Power of Love How our love lives shape us, mind, body and soul Indicates premium content E-mail your letter to the editor JUN TAKAGI FOR TIME LIVING RIGHT: A heart attack nearly killed Yoshifusa Miyagi, but now he eats healthily and walks with his granddaughter to stay fit Asia's War With Heart Disease Across the region, the death toll from cardiovascular disease is soaring. But the latest science shows how you can stay healthy By Bryan Walsh Hong Kong Posted Monday, May 3, 2004; 21:00 HKT The good news is that risk can be greatly reduced with a mix of lifestyle modifications and medical treatment. Most of us are aware that eating a lighter, more balanced diet, quitting tobacco and exercising regularly are enough to head off most cases of heart disease before they ever happen. For those who can afford it, better treatments and medicines are also increasingly effective in curbing the high blood pressure and elevated cholesterol levels that lead directly to cardiovascular disease. These advances are turning what was once an eventual death sentence into a manageable condition. But in much of Asia, the best that medical science has to offer is either unavailable or is too expensive for most people. That makes education and prevention programs all the more urgent. "Prevention can be done, it should be done, and this is the right moment to put every effort into it," says Dr. T.F. Tse, a leading Hong Kong cardiologist. "Otherwise, the result would be unthinkable."

83. Diet Touted To Cool Inflammation Described as an antiinflammatory diet by proponents such as holistic inflammation to mental health problems as well as heart disease, Alzheimer s, cancer http://www.azcentral.com/health/diet/articles/0423inflamationdiet-ON.html

OAS_listpos="Top,Position1,Position2,Left2,Middle1,x01,x02,x03,x04,BoxAd" var ScriptsLoaded = true; OAS_AD('Top') NEWS SPORTS MONEY ENTERTAINMENT ... Pollen Report All azcentral Republic - Today News Sports Features Style Travel Business Food/Home Advanced search, tips Archives (from 1999) Diet Select Topic - Beyond Dieting - Alternative Medicine - Cardio Health - Diabetes - Elder Care - Emergency Room - Fitness Print This Email This Most Popular Subscribe Diet touted to cool inflammation advertisement OAS_AD('BoxAd') Chicago Tribune Apr. 23, 2004 08:30 PM TUCSON - Though diets like Atkins and South Beach are the current rage, an emerging eating philosophy may do more than temporarily take off pounds: It could help treat disease. Described as an "anti-inflammatory diet" by proponents such as holistic health guru Dr. Andrew Weil, the food plan addresses inflammation, a burgeoning area of medical research. Although inflammation has long been implicated in arthritis, scientists increasingly are linking excessive inflammation to mental health problems as well as heart disease, Alzheimer's, cancer, diabetes and Parkinson's disease. Anti-inflammatory medications have shown to be effective in lowering the risk of Alzheimer's, but critics say they don't address the problem - just the symptoms - and can have unpleasant side effects, including headaches and nausea. As a supplemental approach, some doctors recommend following the ancient Hippocratic idea that suggests using food as medicine.

84. Soy Can Increase Heart Disease Risk 11/24/01 Soy Can Increase heart disease Risk. lifestyle enhancement center for chronic degenerative diseases because of in the basic total vegetarian diet of unrefined http://www.mercola.com/2001/nov/24/soy.htm

Dr. Joseph Mercola Author of the Total Health Program Enter your e-mail address below to subscribe to my free newsletter: Previous Issues Essential Info Health Blog My Vision My Qualifications #1 Natural Health Site ... More... Health Resources Nutrition Plan Fewer Grains/Sugars More Omega-3 More Water ... Issue 275 November 24, 2001 Exercise for Treating Infections Soy's Heart Disease Risk Babies of Vaccinated Mothers Biotechnology ... Print this Page document.write ( "E-mail to a Friend" ); document.write ( "" ); Soy Can Increase Heart Disease Risk Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] was measured in four groups of ambulatory adults ages 17 to 94 at our lifestyle enhancement center for chronic degenerative diseases because of our preliminary evidence that soy milks made of soy protein isolate included in the basic total vegetarian diet of unrefined foods was associated with an elevated LP(a) as measured by enzyme immunoassay on fasting serum samples. The authors concluded that powdered soy milk significantly increases the LP(a) and should be excluded from the diet.

85. MSNBC - Atkins' Medical Recordsspark Diet Controversy Nutrition expert Dr. Robert Atkins, creator of the highprotein, low-carb Atkins diet, may have had heart disease when he died. http://msnbc.msn.com/id/4230348/

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money document.write('') Web Search: logoImg("http://sc.msn.com"); MSNBC News Alerts Newsletters Help ... MSNBC Shopping Search MSNBC: Advanced Search   RESOURCE GUIDE Buy Life Insurance Yellow pages expedia.com Shopping ... Small Business Tips Weight Control Getty Images file Atkins' medical records spark diet controversy Debate flares over doctor's health Nutrition expert Dr. Robert Atkins, creator of the high-protein, low-carb "Atkins Diet," may have had heart disease when he died. The Associated Press Updated: 12:55 p.m. ET Feb.11, 2004 The debate over Dr. Robert Atkins’ high-fat, low-carb diet flared posthumously Tuesday over news that Atkins himself weighed 258 pounds at his death — though the reasons for his bloated condition were immediately disputed. advertisement document.write(' A physicians group that is highly critical of the diet released details of a city medical examiner’s report filed after Atkins’ 2003 death which showed the 6-foot doctor was at a weight normally considered obese. The group claimed the Atkins diet led to weight and heart troubles for its 72-year-old creator. But his allies countered that he had gained more than 60 pounds through fluid retention in the eight days he spent in a coma before dying last April.

86. Heart Healthy Diets -- The Vegetarian Resource Group In any case, including a serving or two of soy products daily can enhance a heart healthy vegetarian diet. Vitamin B12 and heart disease. http://www.vrg.org/nutshell/heart.htm

VRG Home About VRG Vegetarian Journal Books ... Links Heart Healthy Diets: The Vegetarian Way Heart Healthy Diets Heart healthy diets are low in saturated fat, low in cholesterol, low to moderate in fat, and high in fiber. A vegetarian diet can easily meet these guidelines. Vegetarians do not eat meat, fish, or poultry. Heart-Healthy Cooking * Here are guidlelines for heart-healthy cooking: Use low-fat cooking methods like: broiling steaming roasting baking poaching boiling stir-frying with little or no oil. When baking, cut the oil, butter, or margarine in half and replace it with water, juice, applesauce, or puréed prunes. Replace whole eggs with bananas, tofu, applesauce, or egg replacers (such as Ener-G Egg Replacer). Heart-Healthy Shopping * Here are guidelines for heart-healthy shopping: Buy more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and, if desired, fat-free milk products. Buy snacks like popcorn (air pop and serve plain or with a drizzle of olive oil or melted margarine), fresh fruits and vegetables, rice cakes, and pretzels instead of chips, crackers, and cookies that are high in hydrogenated fats. Buy whole grain breads and cereals that are high fiber. Limit low fiber refined breads and cereals and high fat products like most croissants, muffins, and granola cereal.

87. Research And Recipes On Osteoporosis, Heart Disease, Cancer, Dementia And Healin Promoting a Lifesaving diet Battling her husband s heart disease meant a reorganization of Rosemary Fisher s kitchen. She helped http://www.foodandlife.com/

foodandlife.com presents anti-aging foods Foods and Life Styles that Help Prevent/Reverse Osteoporosis, Heart Disease, Cancer, and Dementia (Alzheimer's), and Help to Heal Broken Bones and Prevent Kidney Stones. Be sure to bookmark this new address www.foodandlife.com. It is updated frequently. Last updated If you suffer from, or are interested in reducing your (or another person's) chances of suffering from osteoporosis, heart disease, dementia, stroke, kidney stones or cancer, or if you are looking to help heal broken bones or you are just looking for an anti-aging diet, this material is for you. This site has just been named Site of the Month by GAIA's Garden Health Magazine, a large 1,400,000 visitor health site! If you would like, you can visit the award page in GAIA's Garden Health Magazine at " http://users.ids.net/~gaia11/catscan.html Just click on enter, and click on award winner. And while you're there, look around GAIA's Garden, it's a great site! This site also just received the coveted Web Select Award from David Lawrence Dewey. David is a very savvy columnist and writer. His Food for Thought column is read in over 45 countries, and carried in over 125 newspapers in the U.S. David said "Rosemary, you certainly have proven my point that I have mentioned in many columns, you are what you eat, you are as sick as what you eat." We really appreciate David's insight and expertise and proudly display his award.

88. HEART DISEASE AND OSTEOPOROSIS diet And heart disease Cholesterol in the blood is deposited on the lining of the vital coronary arteries which feed the muscles of the heart. http://www.ohanlan.com/nutrition.htm

NUTRITIONAL RISK REDUCTION FOR CANCER, HEART DISEASE AND OSTEOPOROSIS Diet And Heart Disease Heart attack risk can be lowered by 20% for every 10% decrease in serum cholesterol. To lower the cholesterol, and thus heart risk, the National Cholesterol Education Program recommends daily exercise for at least 30 minutes/day, smoking cessation, monitoring of blood pressure, and a diet with less than 30% of total calories from all types of fat and less than 10% of calories from saturated fat sources. If coronary heart disease is already present, the changes need to be even more profound. Monitor blood pressure and cholesterol profile, and keep them in the favorable range naturally with exercise and diet modification, and medication, if necessary. Alcohol in moderation reduces heart attack risk. A beer, a glass of wine, or an ounce of liquor each day may be beneficial‹more is not, however, and may be harmful to the bones or increase cancer risk. A daily aspirin thins the blood so that clot is less likely to form in arteries feeding muscles of the heart, thus reducing risk of heart attack. Diet And Cancer A low fat, high fiber diet with one aspirin and daily vitamins and exercise can reduce risk for cancer of the colon, breast and uterus.

89. FoodLines - Healthy Eating - Heart Disease Author Mayo Clinic. heart disease and diet Certain major risk factors have been shown to increase a person s chances of developing heart disease. http://www.foodlines.com/healthy_eating/topics/heart_disease.shtml

home recipe swap healthy eating marketplace ... search Your Health Alcohol Athletes Caffeine Carbohydrates ... Weight Management Resources Government Hospitals Public Health Heart Disease Keep Your Heart Healthy and Control Cholesterol with Food First Start with food. Your diet is an important factor in controlling cholesterol. Author: American Dietetic Association Diet for a Healthy Heart Basic guidelines to help choose a well-balanced diet limited in fat, cholesterol and sodium. Author: Simon Fraser Health Region, British Columbia Heart Healthy Eating If you need to control your blood cholesterol level, exercise and a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet can help. Author: Mayo Clinic Heart Disease and Diet Certain major risk factors have been shown to increase a person's chances of developing heart disease. Other contributing factors have been identified, though less conclusively, to increase one's risk. Some of these risk and contributing factors are preventable, even treatable. Author: Kimberly Tessmer, RD, LD, Discovery Health

90. Medical Breakthroughs - Learn More About Heart Disease If you are concerned about your risk for heart disease, one of the key features of your diet should be plantbased foods, Pereira says. http://www.healthcentral.com/bcp/main.asp?page=newsdetail&id=517542&ap=1&brand=1

91. UCTV--University Of California Television close window. Pulse Predictor of heart disease, New diet and Exercise Recommendations, and Excessive Menstrual Bleeding ( 8250; 22 min.). http://www.uctv.tv/library-test.asp?showID=8250

92. Flax Seed And Cholesterol: Heart Disease Prevention, Cholesterol Lowering Food, and omega3 qualities in flax seed are natural preventative properties for heart disease. Studies prove that when flax seed is added to the diet, harmful LDL http://www.goldenflax.com/Health_Bens/heartdisease.htm

flax seed The high fiber content, lignans and omega-3 qualities in flax seed are natural preventative properties for heart disease. Studies prove that when flax seed is added to the diet, harmful LDL cholesterol drops, while good HDL cholesterol remains or increases. To order, call toll-free (800) 387-5516 (M-F, 9-5 cst) or order online research and resource information if you desire further specifics. In summary, the omega-3 fatty acids fiber and lignans in flax seed are major helpers in keeping arteries flexible. Stiffened blood vessel walls are also caused by conditions of high blood pressure and diabetes, which can also lead to high risks of stroke and heart attack. It is helpful to know that the properties of flax seed are also useful in maintaining blood pressure and healthy blood sugar levels. Refer to these links for further information of the conditions of diabetes and hypertension To order, call toll-free (800) 387-5516 (M-F, 9-5 cst) or order online NOTE: Information presented here does not replace seeking advice from your physician. email home health benefits nutrition information ... flax seed vs. flax oil

93. Heart Disease heart disease. Valvulvar heart disease associated with commonly rescribed diet pills. The Mayo Clinic reported on July 8, 1997 a clinical http://www.health.fgov.be/AGP/fr/articles/messages/effets_secondaires/heart-dise

Présentation Législation Professions Manpower ... Diabète Info patient Sang/Organes Heart Disease Valvulvar heart disease associated with commonly rescribed diet pills The Mayo Clinic reported on July 8, 1997 a clinical observation of unusual valvular heart disease in 24 patiënts who had taken the weight-loss medications fenfluramine and phentermine (fen-phen). Last year, doctors wrote a total of 18 million monthly prescriptions for these drugs. "We recommend that patients who are currently taking or considering fen-phen therapy discuss these findings with their physicians, who can help them weigh the benefits and risks of weight reduction therapy", said Dr. Heidi Connolly, Mayo cardiologist and primary author of the paper. "We believe that these cases raise significant concern that this combination of appetite suppressants can have important implications regarding valvular heart disease," she continued,"but more comprehensive study, which we are planning, is needed to make a definitive statement about the association." Physicians identified the patients in this report-all women with an average of 43 years- during routine medical visists. All 24 patients have cardiovascular symptoms or a heart murmur. Subsequent testing showed that one or more heart valves in eacht patient was thickened and blood was regurgitating (or "leaking" backwards), making the heart work harder to pump blood throughout the body. Eight of the women had newly documented pulmonary hypertension, a serious and sometimes fatal disease of the heart and lungs. Five patients needed heart surgery to repair or replace damaged valves. No patients in the report have died to date.

94. Diet And Disease Educational Support Materials-Heart Disease diet and disease Power Point presentations and support materials heart disease, Family Nutrition Education Programs Nutrition and Lifeskills for Missouri http://outreach.missouri.edu/hesfn/heartdisease/

Search Site Map Diet and Disease Power Point presentations and support materials Heart Disease Family Nutrition Education Programs Nutrition and Lifeskills for Missouri Families Heart Disease Facts also available as a pdf file Help for Heart Disease-Dietary Guide also available as a pdf file Heart Disease Facts for Teens also available as a pdf file Heart Disease-The silent Killer PowerPoint Presentation Heart Disease Post-Test also available as a pdf file Other Diet and Disease Educational Support Materials: Cancer Diabetes Heart Disease Hypertension ... Phytochemicals HES Extension Site Administrator: exthesweb@missouri.edu last updated: 02/19/02 • Equal Opportunity Policy

95. CNN.com - Paper: Diet Guru Atkins Qualified As Obese - Feb. 10, 2004 index calculator. diet is one potential factor in heart disease, but infections also can contribute to it. Stuart Trager, chairman http://www.cnn.com/2004/HEALTH/02/10/atkins.widow.ap/

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Paper: Diet guru Atkins qualified as obese Millions still follow Dr. Robert Atkins' low-carb, high-protein diet plan. Story Tools RELATED Atkins widow in 'fat' spat with NYC mayor HEALTH LIBRARY Health Library YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Robert Atkins Atkins Diet Health or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? NEW YORK (AP) Dr. Robert Atkins, whose popular diet stresses protein-rich meat and cheese over carbohydrates, weighed 258 pounds at his death and had a history of heart disease, a newspaper reported Tuesday. Atkins died last April at age 72 after being injured in a fall on an icy street. Before his death, he had suffered a heart attack, congestive heart failure and hypertension, The Wall Street Journal reported, citing a report by the city medical examiner. At 258 pounds, the 6-foot-tall Atkins would have qualified as obese, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's body-mass index calculator. Diet is one potential factor in heart disease, but infections also can contribute to it.

96. CNN Food Central - News Report Lowfat diet, not wine, fights heart disease in France. May 28, 1999 Web posted at 448 pm EDT (2048 GMT). http://www.cnn.com/FOOD/news/9905/28/france.wine/

[an error occurred while processing this directive] MAIN PAGE WORLD ASIANOW U.S. ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pagenet DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: Use the pulldown menus to visit other Food Central sections: Recipes Today Recipe Swap Resources Additives Alcohol Beer Beverages Coffee Dairy Fat Fruit Grains Herbs Italian Meat Organic Seafood Snacks Southern Sweets Tea Veggies Vitamins Restaurants Atlanta Baltimore Boston Chicago Dallas Denver Detroit Fort Worth Houston Las Vegas Los Angeles Miami Minneapolis New Orleans NYC Orlando Philly Phoenix Pittsburgh Salt Lake San Antonio San Diego San Fran Seattle St. Louis Wash, D.C. Amsterdam Athens Bangkok Beijing Berlin Brussels Cairo Copenhagen Dublin Florence Frankfurt Hong Kong London Madrid Mex City Montreal Moscow Munich Nairobi Paris Prague Rio Rome Singapore St. Pburg. Sydney Tokyo Toronto Vienna Zurich Report: Low-fat diet, not wine, fights heart disease in France May 28, 1999

97. Coronary Heart Disease role is not completely understood, family history can contribute to premature heart disease. high levels of risk factors (eg, smoking, poor diet) to cluster http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/heart/aboutchd.htm

Return to Chronic Disease Home Page From the ... What's New Coronary Heart Disease What is coronary heart disease? Coronary heart disease (CHD), sometimes called ischemic heart disease, refers to atherosclerosis of the arteries that supply the heart muscle. Insufficiency of blood supply may result from a reduction of blood flow through one or more of these arteries. Heart cells are dependent on blood flow through these arteries to provide oxygen and to carry away metabolic products. Without an adequate flow of blood, these cells can become injured or die. When this occurs, immediate emergency treatment is necessary to stop the injury from widening, killing additional heart cells, and increasing the risk of complications or death. What is atherosclerosis? Atherosclerosis is a disease condition that can occur throughout the arterial circulation. It is a broad term that refers to the thickening and hardening of the arteries. Atherosclerosis consists of deposits of fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin (a clotting material in the blood). When these materials build up on the arterial walls, it is called plaque. When plaque partially or totally blocks the flow of blood through an artery, it can cause a hemorrhage (bleeding) into the plaque itself, or the formation of a blood clot on the plaque’s surface. This blood clot is called a thrombus. If either of these things occur a heart attack may result. Atherosclerosis does not develop quickly. It begins early in life. Some people experience a rapid progression in this disease process in their 30s, but in most cases it is not apparent until they are in their 50s and 60s.

98. HON - News : Vitamin C Cuts Heart Disease Risk In Women Supplemental vitamin C intake may lower your risk of heart disease, but it is equally important to eat a healthy diet and lead a healthy lifestyle, says Frei. http://www.hon.ch/News/HSN/514162.html

All Web sites HONcode sites HONselect News ... I J K L M N ... P Q R S T U ... W X Y Z Browse archive: J M A M ... S Other news for: Vitamins Resources from HONselect Vitamin C Cuts Heart Disease Risk in Women Researchers say finding is promising, but more study is needed By Serena Gordon HealthDay Reporter (HealthDay is the new name for HealthScoutNews.) WEDNESDAY, July 16 (HealthDayNews) The role of vitamin C in preventing heart disease has been debated in research circles for years. And a new study that finds a protective benefit from vitamin C supplements probably won't help end the debate any time soon. The finding, which appears in the July 16 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology , suggests that taking vitamin C supplements may reduce your risk of heart disease. Researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health found women who had a vitamin C intake of more than 360 milligrams a day from diet and supplements had nearly a 30 percent reduction in their risk of heart disease. "Vitamin C supplement use was inversely associated with the incidence of coronary heart disease," says study author Dr. Stavroula Osganian, who is now an assistant professor of pediatrics at Children's Hospital in Boston. Cardiovascular disease, which includes heart disease and stroke, is responsible for 950,000 deaths in the United States every year. That means nearly two people die from cardiovascular disease every minute, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. As many as two-thirds of those deaths may be preventable with healthy lifestyle changes and medications, according to the American College of Cardiology.

99. Departmental Directory: Heart Disease Reversal Clinic & Rice Diet Program heart disease Reversal Clinic Rice diet Program. Robert A. Rosati, MD, Program Director. See Clinics Rice diet Program heart disease Reversal Clinic. http://www.duke.edu/deptdir/Heart_Disease_Reversal_Clinic_&_Rice_Diet_Program.ht

Resources Admissions Medical Center Administration Unless otherwise indicated: All telephone numbers are area code All addresses are Durham, NC. All box numbers are in the ZIP code except Medical Center box numbers, which are in the ZIP code. Robert A. Rosati, M.D., Program Director Francis A. Neelon, M.D., Medical Director 3543 Rose of Sharon Rd. APPOINTMENTS and Medical Staff 383-7276,Ext.1 Fax Departmental Directory Alphabetical Listings A B C D ... H Search the Departmental Directory People Pages Duke Welcome Page Libraries Student Services ... Updates and corrections to this listing can be submitted online Other questions or problems with this service should be sent to webmaster@www.duke.edu Last updated June 9, 2004

100. Heart Disease If you have diabetes, work to keep it under control, as diabetes itself may add to the risk of heart disease. diet will be doubly important. http://www.craighospital.org/SCI/METS/heartDisease.asp

Your browser does not support script Search Site Map Help Heart Disease Heart Disease. Is it something people with spinal cord injuries should worry about? The honest answer is "yes - probably." You probably should worry about your heart's health at least as much as people who don't have spinal cord injuries - and maybe even a little bit more. Why? There are several reasons . First of all, when someone has a spinal cord injury, not only are the signs of heart problems often harder to detect, but many of the tests we do have for detecting those problems and evaluating your heart's health don't work as well in people with spinal cord injuries. Secondly, the risk factors for heart disease may affect people with spinal cord injuries more than people who don't have disabilities. Third, the activities and interventions that we have for maintaining heart health and preventing heart disease simply may not work the same as they do in nondisabled people. Before you panic, however, read on Symptoms Why on earth would SCI make it harder to see heart problems? It turns out that some of the common symptoms of heart problems can appear for other reasons among SCI survivors. Shortness of breath, for example, is quite common among people with higher level injuries who have control over only some of the muscles that control breathing. Postural problems can also cause breathing problems that look a lot like shortness of breath. This shortness of breath is then more likely to be blamed on the obvious stuff rather than the possibility of problems with your heart. Another big symptom of heart problems is chest pain. Guess what? If you can't feel your chest that well, will you feel chest pain? Maybe, maybe not. If you do, will it be easy to blame it on indigestion? Very likely.

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