61. Flashcards For Primates Stack 5 gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos. The term for having only one mate at a time. This is rare among nonhuman primates in general though it is common for gibbons http://anthro.palomar.edu/primate/flashcards_5.htm

Return to Menu Help Flashcards for Primates Topics 7-8: Apes and Humans (27 cards) Select the "Next Card" button to see a card. Select it again to view the answer. "Delete Card" allows you to eliminate a card from the stack during this session. Next Card Delete The superfamily to which all apes and humans belong. Hominoidea (hominoids) The family of hominoids in which orangutans belong. Pongidae (pongids) The family of hominoids in which gibbons and siamangs belong. Hylobatidae The family of hominoids in which gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos belong. Panidae The family of hominoids in which humans belong. Hominidae (hominids) orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos gibbons and siamangs The names of the Asian ape species. orangutans, gibbons, and siamangs The names of the African ape species. gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos The term for having only one mate at a time. This is rare among nonhuman primates in general though it is common for gibbons and siamangs. monogamy The form of locomotion in which an animal travels through the trees by swinging under branches with a hand over hand motion rather than running along the top. The smaller apes and some New World monkeys do this. brachiation The term for the type of family consisting of an adult male and female mating pair along with their children.

62. Primates There are hundreds of different species of primates, monkeys, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, gibbons and apes. primates are http://www.gel-communications.co.uk/animalfun/html/primates.html

Pick from list below Alligator Bears Beetles Bees Bluetits Butterflies Cats Crocodiles Chipmunks Cheetah Chickens Caterpillars Collar Doves Cygnets Dogs Dolphins Deer Flies Flamingo's Fish Foxes Guinea Pigs Geckos Giraffe Greenfinches Hamsters Hedgehogs Hummingbirds Iguanas Kiwis Lions Mice Ostriches Roosters Rabbits Robins Rats Sheep Snakes Slugs Snails Squirrels Swans Tigers Turtles Tortoises Wolves Wagtails Woodpeckers Zebras There are hundreds of different species of primates, monkeys, orangutans, Gorillas, chimpanzees, gibbons and apes. Primates are the most intelligent animals on the world apart from humans. We evolved from primates. Some different Primates... Apes and Monkeys... live in two different continents. Apes live in Africa but monkeys live in South America. The capuchin is the smallest of the apes. They both live in the rainforest and feed on the fruit, and leaves. They spend most of their time swinging through tree branches. Monkeys either have long, strong ars to help them swing, or they swing by their tails. Orangutans...

63. Born Free Foundation's Primate Project, Conserving Primates In Their Natural Env Species Chordates. Vertebrates. Mammals. primates. Hominidae. Habitat. Chimpanzees live in forests and savannah grasslands, gorillas generally in tropical forests. http://www.bornfree.org.uk/primate/primfacts.htm

NEWS PROJECTS EDUCATION GET INVOLVED ... EXTRAS Primate Facts There are more than 180 species of primates, from the 140g pygmy marmoset, to the 200kg gorilla. There are four great apes: the orangutan, the gorilla, the chimpanzee and the bonobo or pigmy chimpanzee. Apes are bigger than monkeys, but do not have tails. Phylum: Sub-phylum: Class: Order: Family: Species: Chordates Vertebrates Mammals Primates Hominidae Pan troglodytes (Chimpanzee) Gorilla beringei Eastern gorilla Distribution Chimpanzee Gorilla Chimpanzees are found in 21 countries of central and western Africa, while the five sub-species of gorilla are found in only nine countries of eastern and central Africa. Distributions have reduced and populations declined as apes and their habitats have been over exploited and destroyed. Habitat Chimpanzees live in forests and savannah grasslands, gorillas generally in tropical forests. The main priority for location is a good food supply. Gorilla habitat includes sea level forests in central Africa and up to 4,000m mountains in the east. Diet Gorillas are entirely vegetarian, eating plants and fruits. Chimps eat mainly vegetarian food... plants, seeds, fruits, young leaves, buds, nuts, shoots and bark, but also termites, ants, insect larva, honey and even fish. Chimps forage in groups and hunt co-operatively for monkeys and young antelope.

64. Discovery Online -- All About Gorillas Though Hollywood has often portrayed gorillas as fierce and vicious creatures, the reality is that they are not only the largest living primates, they are also http://books.discovery.com/booktalk/gorillas.html

Choose here Scott Adams Ira Berkow Lawrence Block Michael Bloomberg Jan Brett Deepak Chopra Dick Clark Bernard Cornwell Clive Cussler Kirk Douglas Robert Fulghum Julie Garwood John Gray E. Lynn Harris Robert Jordan Donna Karan Robert Ludlum Michael Palin Steven Pinker George Plimpton Kevin Powell Robert Stone Studs Terkel All About Gorillas Though Hollywood has often portrayed gorillas as fierce and vicious creatures, the reality is that they are not only the largest living primates, they are also among the gentlest. Male gorillas usually grow to be 5- to 6-feet tall and weigh up to 400-plus pounds, although a gorilla infant is smaller than a human infant at birth. These vegetarian giants enjoy nothing more than spending a day eating, playing around and attracting members of the opposite sex. When male gorillas mature, at age 12 or 13, they develop a large patch of white hair on their back. These silverback gorillas become the patriarchs of family groups that consist of a few younger males, several females and infants. While gorillas do not have a proper language, many gorillas in captivity have displayed an amazing ability to remember and string together a number of words in American Sign Language. Central Africa is home to three subspecies of gorilla: Western lowland gorillas, the species most commonly seen in zoos, dwell in Western Africa. Eastern lowland gorillas makes their home in eastern Zaire, while mountain gorillas, which Dian Fossey spent 15 years studying, inhabit the Virunga volcanoes of Zaire, Uganda and Rwanda.

65. Information On Gorillas For Students Some Fun Info and Facts About gorillas for Kids Big and Small! A Gorilla is a primate. A Human is a primate. A Monkey is a primate. Great Apes are primates. http://www.gorilla-haven.org/ghfunfacts.htm

Some Fun Info and Facts About Gorillas for Kids Big and Small A Gorilla is a primate. A Human is a primate. A Monkey is a primate. Great Apes are primates. What is a primate? The dictionary says primates are the "highest" form of mammals, but since elephants, dolphins and whales (and even gray parrots!) are pretty smart and advanced too, we’d like to find another definition for a primate. Can you help? Here’s what we know: There are over 230 primate species! Primates are: Vertebrates - with a hard skeleton to protect their internal organs Divided into: Prosimians, Old World Monkeys, New World Monkeys, Apes and Humans. Known for their flexible hands and feet, that can grasp and have fingernails, not claws and their eyes, which are facing forward (ie: not on the sides of their heads, like horses). Great Apes include: Gorillas Orangutans Chimpanzees (the "common" chimp: pan troglodytes Bonobos (the "pygmy" chimp:

66. GH Books On Gorillas on gorillas. Jane has a huge library of books on gorillas and primates, but she’s often asked which are the best books for kids. http://www.gorilla-haven.org/ghbooks.htm

Some of Jane's Favorite Kids' Books on Gorillas Gorillas (The Untamed World), The Mountain Gorilla Save Our Wildlife: Gorillas Eyewitness Books: Gorilla, by Ian Redmond Kishina: A True Story of Gorilla Survival Gorillas Gentle Gorillas and Other Apes All Aboard Reading: Gorillas Dear Children of the Earth: A Letter from Home The Golden Book of Monkeys, Apes and Other Primates Find Out About: Apes Monkeys and Apes The Apes (Zoo Books) What is a Primate? Gorilla Books that mention Gorilla Haven! Lately, Gorilla Haven is being used as a resource for information about gorillas: Animal Ways: Gorillas The Gorilla, Gorillas and their Babies (A Zoo Life Book), Gorillas (A True Book) , by Patricia A. Fink Martin, published 2000, ISBN: 0-516-21570-1. Published by Children's Press, a Division of Grolier Publishing, New York. About $20. Animal Underworld by Alan Green, published 1999, ISBN: 1-891620-28-2 mentions Gorilla Haven, although we never spoke to the author and were surprised to see our names in the index! This book exposes what happens to many zoo animals, when they are no longer able to be displayed. It's rather disturbing, but an important fact of life that many choose or want to ignore. Some of Jane's Favorite Gorilla Books of all Times: A quick list, in no particular order!

67. Poster Of Gorillas - AcclaimPosters.com Pictures of gorillas Gorilla Pictures Pictures and Posters of gorillas. Horses, Insects, Martens, Moose, Pigs, Porcupines, Badgers, primates, Rabbits, Raccoons http://www.acclaimposters.com/topic_Animals/Poster_of_Gorillas-0306-2411-4929-ap

Acclaim Posters: Americana Animals Ansel Adams ... Women Poster of Gorillas posters for sale, poster, photos, pictures, picture, prints, paintings, painting, art, artwork, buy posters , Squirrels Various Animals Zebras MORE POSTERS LIKE THIS FROM ART.COM Primate Posters To purchase any of the products below click on the image. All transactions are safe and secure with satisfaction guaranteed. This store is brought to you in association with AllPosters.com - The World's Largest Poster and Print Store. Liquore Da Dessert (Anissetta) Vintage 24 in. x 36 in. Buy Liquore Da Dessert (Anissetta) Framed Mounted Anisetta Monkey Biscaretti 25 in. x 34 in. Buy Anisetta Monkey Framed Mounted Anisetta Monkey Biscaretti 18 in. x 24 in. Buy Anisetta Monkey Framed Mounted Snuggles Unknown 25 in. x 36 in. Buy Snuggles Framed Mounted Liquore Da Dessert (Anissetta) Vintage 11 in. x 14 in. Buy Liquore Da Dessert (Anissetta) Framed Mounted Chimpanzees Ylla 30 in. x 20 in. Buy Chimpanzees Framed Mounted Rhesus Macaque Monkey Georges-Louis Buffon 12 in. x 14 in. Buy Rhesus Macaque Monkey Framed Mounted Monkey Christian Gilvan-Cartwright 10 in. x 12 in.

68. Kahuzi-Biega, D. R. Congo Yamagiwa, J., Mwanza, N., Yumoto, T. Maruhashi, T. (1994). Seasonal change in the composition of the diet of eastern lowland gorillas. primates. 35 114. http://weber.ucsd.edu/~jmoore/apesites/KahuziBiega/KahuziBiega.html

Kahuzi-Biega National Park, D. R. Congo Brief History Primary source for the following Site Data is McGrew et. al. (1996), Great Ape Societies (Cambridge University Press), Appendix. SITE DATA Name: Kahuzi-Biega Location: Status: National Park Area Altitude Temp Rainfall 1800mm, range 1500-1900mm Vegetation Primary forest, secondary forest, swamp forest, bamboo, subalpine. A species list is available at http://www.primate.wisc.edu/pin/tro1.html Human influence: hunting, cattle encroachment, slash and burn horticulture, no provisioning Disturbance ratings Closest village: Species studied: P. t. schweinfurthii, G. g. graueri Population density: - individuals per km Fauna Perodicticus potto, Galago demidovii, G. crassicaudatus, Papio anubis, Colobus angolensis, C. badius, Cercopithecus ascanius, C. wolfi, C. l'hoesti, C. hamlyni, C. mitis, Cercocebus albigena, Panthera pardus Study period: 1978-79, 1987-present Habituation: Lowland poor, highland fair or excellent for gorillas, fair for chimpanzees Research presence: Permanent Conservation: Ecotourism, education for local people

69. Karisoke, Rwanda (1998). Paternity determination in captive lowland gorillas and orangutans and wild mountain gorillas by microsatellite analysis. primates. 39 199209. http://weber.ucsd.edu/~jmoore/apesites/Karisoke/Karisoke.html

Karisoke Research Centre, Rwanda Brief History George Schaller began work with the mountain gorillas of the Virungas in 1959. Dian Fossey arrived early in 1967 and ran the site until her death in 1985. Research presence has been intermittent since the late 1980s due to political unrest in the region. Primary source for the following Site Data is McGrew et. al. (1996), Great Ape Societies (Cambridge University Press), Appendix. SITE DATA Name: Karisoke Research Centre, Parc National des Volcans Location: Status: National Park (and adjoining national parks in Congo [ex-Zaire] and Uganda) Area Altitude Temp Rainfall Vegetation Montane rainforest and woodland Human influence: Hunting, wood cutting, agricultural encroachment Disturbance ratings Closest village: Species studied: Gorilla gorilla beringei Population density: - individuals per km Fauna Perodicticus potto, Cercopithecus mitis kandtii, C. ascanius, Papio anubis; previously Panthera leo, P. pardus [taken from GAS, not clear if leopards really gone...] Study period: 1967 present Habituation: Excellent Research presence: Permanent 1967-94, now intermittent

70. Teachers History section now includes new information on the population and distribution of gorillas in the wild. http//www.selu.com/bio/gorilla/. primates Online Kid http://www.csew.com/ips/

Educational Resources about Primates on the Web The links provided here serve as a source of materials for educators in formal and informal settings. The first section contains links to activities that are ready to use. The second section contains links to web sites focused on primates that provide information for developing educational activities. The third section contains links to sites for conservation organizations or sites that provide activities for biodiversity education, not specific to primates. You may also want to check the resources available from the American Society for Primatology http://www.asp.org/education/teaching.html I. Educational activities Primate Information Network Education Resources : Instructional resources for teachers from the Primate Info Net of the Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center. http://www.primate.wisc.edu/pin/peduc.html Putting Primates in the Classroom : Three part slide set available for viewing on the web of through loans to teachers for use in classrooms. Topics cover social behavior, conservation, and taxonomy. http://www.primate.wisc.edu/pin/slidesets/

71. International Fund For Animal Welfare | Save Animals | Primates | Mountain Goril . Adult mountain gorillas are black in color, with relatively long, silky hair. gorillas may live 35 years in the wild. Back to Top....... Physical http://www.ifaw.org/ifaw/general/default.aspx?oid=13137

72. BIOSIS | Resource Guide | Mammalia - Primates Nycticebus) and pottos (Arctocebus, Perodicticus), prosimian primates includes species Gorilla Fund information about endangered mountain gorillas and programs http://www.biosis.org.uk/zrdocs/zoolinfo/mam_prim.htm

Pull Down for Destinations BIOSIS Previews Zoological Record MethodsFinder Index to Organism Names Internet Resource Guide for Zoology User Support Search Sitemap Index Help with this Site Resource Guide Introduction About the Resource Guide Awards Latest Additions ... African Primates hear and see them American Journal of Primatology official journal of the American Society of Primatologists American Society of Primatologists Animal Diversity Web University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Annotated bibliography on Environmental Enrichment for Non-Human Primates University of Missouri-Columbia introductory training course in evolutionary theory and primate evolution Ape Alliance an international coalition of organisations and individuals, working for the conservation and welfare of apes Asociación Primatológica Española (APE) Associazone Primatologica Italiana (API) Aye-Aye's Primate Primer pictures and introductory information about monkeys and apes Australian Primatological Society Balikpapan Orangutan Society (BOS) helps sponsor a reintroduction program for confiscated orangutans on Borneo California Regional Primate Research Center (CRPRC) Caribbean Primate Research Center (CPRC) a research, training and education unit of the University of Puerto Rico (UPR), Medical Sciences Campus

73. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Science/Biology/Flora_and_Fauna/Animalia/Chordata the first time, the transmission of a retrovirus from primates to people in natural settings. full story. Census Finds Mountain gorillas Increasing (January 19 http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Science/Biology/Flora_and_Fauna/Animalia/C

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Hominidae Gorilla (13 links) News about Gorilla Primate Viruses Transmitted To People Through Bushmeat (March 19, 2004) full story Census Finds Mountain Gorillas Increasing (January 19, 2004) full story Gene May Be Key To Evolution Of Larger Human Brain (January 13, 2004) full story Solving The Ebola Enigma: Satellites Will Provide Clues (December 23, 2003) full story Countries Find Common Ground To Protect World's Rarest Gorilla (September 18, 2003) full story [ More news about Gorilla Books about Gorilla List Price: Amazon.com's Price:

74. Gorilla - Encyclopedia Article About Gorilla. Free Access, No Registration Neede trade. See also. List of famous apes This is a list of historical apes (Bonobos, gorillas, and Orangutans) and other nonhuman higher primates. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/gorilla

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Gorilla Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Gorilla Lowland Gorilla Scientific classification Scientific classification refers to how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. Modern classification has its roots in the system of Carolus Linnaeus, who grouped species according to shared physical characteristics. These groupings have been revised since Linnaeus to improve consistency with the Darwinian principle of common descent. Molecular systematics, which uses Genomic DNA analysis has driven many recent revisions and is likely to continue to do so. Scientific classification belongs to the science of taxonomy or biological systematics. Click the link for more information. Kingdom: Animalia Animals are the group of organisms that constitute the kingdom Animalia. Typically, they are multicellular in composition and capable of both locomotion and responding to their surroundings. Unlike plants, animals do not photosynthesize, instead consuming plants or other organisms to grow and sustain themselves. Most animals have a body plan that becomes fixed as they mature and, except in animals that metamorphose, is established early in their development from embryos. The scientific study of animals is called zoology. Click the link for more information.

75. CanTeach: Links: Science: Life Science: Animals - Primates includes new information on the population and distribution of gorillas in the illustrations, paintings, list of 234 species of living primates including links http://www.canteach.ca/links/linkprimates.html

Resources Links Discuss Submit ... Animals Primates African Primates at Home Several species of monkeys and apes; includes photos and audio. Chimpanzee Seaworld fact sheet on chimpanzees. The Chimpanzee Zone "Aims to provide information on the welfare and conservation of chimpanzees." Chimps Incorporated Meet Topo, Patti, and Kimee, three chimpanzees that reside at Chimps Inorporated which "is [a] private sanctuary... [that] offers a recuperative and retirement situation for chimpanzees to live out their lives in dignity." Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund Discovery Online Animal Cams: Orangutan Cam Four different live views of the orangutans which are participating in a symbolic language project at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. Gorilla Seaworld fact sheet on gorillas. The Gorilla Foundation Gorillas Online "Gorillas Online covers a wide variety of information and original photographs of gorillas. The Natural History section now includes new information on the population and distribution of gorillas in the wild." Site includes section on, Gorilla News, Gorilla Gallery, Natural History, Conservation, Research, FAQ, References, and Links. Monkey Madness All sorts of serious and fun monkey information.

76. CNN - Primates In Peril, Except For One Species - August 28, 1997 Even where they still find ample habitat, primates still face heavy hunting The big apes, orangutans, gibbons, chimps, and gorillas, are especially attractive http://www.cnn.com/EARTH/9708/28/endangered.apes.ap/

Watch Earth Matters on CNN and CNN International. Primates in peril, except for one species August 28, 1997 Web posted at: 7:21 p.m. EDT (2321 GMT) WASHINGTON (AP) Hunting and the steady loss of forests have made primates the most imperiled group of mammals on the planet. Only one species of primates is increasing in numbers: humans. Nearly half of the 235 primates, including chimpanzees the human's closest evolutionary relative are threatened with extinction. Another 20 percent are approaching that status, said a report published Thursday by Worldwatch Institute. "In general, the reasons for the declines are no mystery: they all relate, directly or indirectly, to human actions," said the report entitled "Death in the Family Tree." It spotlighted a number of "hotspots" around the world where forest loss has resulted in high concentrations of endangered primates. These include southeast Asia, equatorial Africa, Madagascar, and southeastern Brazil. "The fate of these forests will largely determine the fate of most primates, and more and more of these forests are losing their ecological integrity as they are logged, colonized and cleared for agriculture," the article said. In south and east Asia, nine-tenths of all primates are facing extinction. In Indonesia and Malaysia, orangutans the ape most dependent on trees have lost 80 percent of their forests in the past two decades.

77. CNN - 23 Endangered Primates Killed In Fire At Philadelphia Zoo - Dec. 24, 1995 PHILADELPHIA, Pennsylvania (CNN) Twentythree gorillas, orangutans and other primates died in an early morning fire at the Philadelphia Zoo s primate house http://www.cnn.com/US/9512/zoo_fire/

23 endangered primates killed in fire at Philadelphia Zoo December 24, 1995 Web posted at: 11:30 a.m. EST PHILADELPHIA, Pennsylvania (CNN) Twenty-three gorillas, orangutans and other primates died in an early morning fire at the Philadelphia Zoo's primate house Sunday. Among the dead primates were six western lowland gorillas, three Bornean orangutans, four white-handed gibbons (one of which was a rare albino gibbon) and 10 lemurs. All are endangered species. The animals probably died of smoke inhalation and were not burned, said fire Commissioner Harold Hairston. The small fire was confined to a 30-foot-by-30-foot section of a ceiling in the zoo's World of Primates building. "It appears they died in their sleep," Hairston said. Zoo spokeswoman Antoinette Marciolek called it "devastating." ( 179K AIFF sound or 179K WAV sound A one-story brick building housed the World of Primates exhibit. It had smoke detectors but no automatic sprinklers. A security guard first reported the fire at 12:45 a.m. and it was brought under control within 20 minutes. The cause is under investigation. The zoo's president, Pete Hoskins, said the fire is the worst tragedy in the history of the nation's first zoo, which was founded in 1859.

78. Birgitte S Primates Page The war escalated, and her enemies grew in number. gorillas in the Mist. Click here to download (8.92 MB). gorillas in the Mist screensaver. http://www.angelfire.com/apes/primates/fossey.html

79. List Of Publications By Juichi Yamagiwa Primate Conservation, 9 111114. Yamagiwa, J., Mwanza, N., Yumoto, T. T. Maruhashi, 1991. Ant eating by eastern lowland gorillas. primates, 32 247-253. http://jinrui.zool.kyoto-u.ac.jp/yamagiwa/publications.html

Juichi Yamagiwa: List of publications (English) Research articles Yamagiwa, J., 1983. Diachronic changes in two eastern lowland gorilla groups (Gorilla gorilla graueri) in the Mt. Kahuzi Region, Zaire. Primates 24(2): 174-183 Harcourt, A.H., Kineman, J., Campbell, G., Yamagiwa, J., Redmond, I., Aveling, C., and Condiotti, M., 1983 Conservation and Virunga gorilla population. African. Journal of. Ecology, 21: 139-142 Yamagiwa, J., 1986. Activity rhythm and the ranging of a solitary male mountain gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringei). Primates, 27(3): 273-282 Yamagiwa, J., 1987 Intra- and inter-group interactions of an all-male group of Virunga mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei). Primates, 28(1): 1-30 Yamagiwa, J., 1987 Male life history and the social structure of wild mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei). In: Evolution and Coadaptation in Biotic Communities, S. Kawano, J.H. Connell and T. Hidaka (eds.). University of Tokyo Press. pp. 31-51 Maruhashi, T., Yumoto, T., Yamagiwa, J. and Mwanza, N., 1991. Primate feeding behavior and seed dispersion in a tropical rain forest in Zaire. In: Primatology Today, A. Ehara, T. Kimura, O. Takenaka and M. Iwamoto (eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 123-124. Yamagiwa, J., 1992. Functional analysis of social staring behavior in an all-male group of mountain gorillas. Primates, 33(4): 523-544.

80. All About Gorillas In this system, humans and the three categories of great apes (chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas) all belong to the order primates. http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/mgorilla/mgbiology.html

Skip Navigation Biology Classification and Range Carl Linnaeus devised the classification system in zoology that we use today. In this system, humans and the three categories of great apes (chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas) all belong to the order Primates. Gorillas, the largest of the great apes, are divided into three subspecies: (1) western lowland gorillas (Gorillas gorilla gorilla), (2) eastern lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla graueri), and (3) mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei). The three gorilla subspecies are very similar and show only minor differences in size, build, and coloring. The approximate ranges where each of the subspecies lives are shown on the map of Central Africa. The eastern and western groups of gorillas are widely separated in location, but so similar in form that they must have come from a single parent population in the not too distant past. Since gorillas will not cross large rivers, such as the Zaire and Ubangi, the eminent gorilla specialist George Schaller suggested that the parent population probably lived in the area shown on the map. Today, most of this hypothetical range is too dry and open to be a suitable gorilla habitat, but during cooler and rainier conditions that existed 5000-7000 years ago, the area would have been covered by a rainforest where the gorillas could have lived. Population The world's gorilla population is relatively small and still declining. All three gorilla subspecies are listed as endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and by the Convention on International Trade for Endangered Species. There are currently about 50,000 western lowland gorillas living in the wild in West Central Africa. This gorilla is also the type most often seen in zoos. The eastern lowland gorilla population has declined significantly in recent decades. An estimated 5,000-15,000 lived in the eastern Congolese rainforest around 1960. Today only about 2,500 remain in the wild, and only a few dozen live in the world's zoos. The mountain gorillas are the rarest of all and are on the verge of extinction. Only about 600 of these magnificent animals are left in the wild, about 320 in the Virunga Mountains and another 300 in the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park in Uganda. None are found in captivity.

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