61. MSN Encarta - Georgia (country) a coup attempt against Gorbachev, and in December the ussr officially collapsed. georgia’spresidency was abolished, and former Soviet official http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761556415_2/Georgia_(country).html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items Georgian Literature Tbilisi, capital more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks Georgia (country) Facts and Figures Quick information and statistics News Search MSNBC for news about Georgia (country) Internet Search Search Encarta about Georgia (country) Search MSN for Web sites about Georgia (country) Also on Encarta Editor's picks: Good books about Iraq Compare top online degrees What's so funny? The history of humor Also on MSN Summer shopping: From grills to home decor D-Day remembered on Discovery Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Page 2 of 2 Georgia (country) Multimedia 5 items Dynamic Map View map of Georgia (country) Article Outline Introduction Land and Resources The People of Georgia Economy ... History D The Soviet Period The Russian Empire collapsed in the Russian Revolution of 1917 , and an independent Georgian state was established in May 1918. The Mensheviks, or moderate socialists, initially controlled the Georgian government. However, in 1921 during the

62. MSN Encarta - Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics The Soviet Union, as heir to the former territory of in all union republics exceptArmenia, georgia, and Moldavia. of the other peoples of the ussr.” In fact http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761553017/Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republic

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items Lenin, founder of USSR Russian Revolution (1917) more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks Union of Soviet Socialist Republics News Search MSNBC for news about Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Internet Search Search Encarta about Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Search MSN for Web sites about Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Also on Encarta Editor's picks: Good books about Iraq Compare top online degrees What's so funny? The history of humor Also on MSN Summer shopping: From grills to home decor D-Day remembered on Discovery Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Multimedia 33 items Article Outline Introduction The People of the Soviet Union Arts and Sciences Economy ... History of the Soviet Union I Introduction Print Preview of Section Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik ), the original Communist dictatorship, the West’s principal adversary in the post-1945 hostility of the Cold War, and a dominant force in international affairs until its collapse in 1991. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was commonly known as the Soviet Union (

63. USSR - Encyclopedia Article About USSR. Free Access, No Registration Needed. Wha It was the capital of the former Soviet Union, and of Organization of the CommunistParty of the ussr Union s head of state, head of government, and effective http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/USSR

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia USSR Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Russian Russian Russian Spoken in: Russia and many adjacent countries Region: Eastern Europe and Asia Total speakers: 220 Million Ranking: 7th Genetic classification: Indo-European Slavic East Slavic Russian Official status Official language of: Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, United Nations Regulated by: - Language codes ISO 639-1: ru ISO 639-2: rus SIL: RUS Click the link for more information. Soviet Union Eurasia Eurasia refers to the combined land mass of Europe and Asia. Eurasia is alternatively considered to be a continent, or a supercontinent composed of the continents of Europe and Asia. Due to the vast cultural differences between Asia and Europe, the historical tradition is to consider them separate continents. This is controversial, as many historians perceive much of Southern Europe, South Asia and West Asia as historically closer to each other than either being close to their northern counterparts, creating a very accurate South Eurasia. Northern Europe and parts of Northern Asia create a vaguely similar cultural and geographic sphere known as North Eurasia. Click the link for more information.

64. Georgia (country) - Encyclopedia Article About Georgia (country). Free Access, N prominent georgian politician and former speaker of Prime Minister of georgia sinceFebruary Soviet Socialist Republics (ussr) (?´? ´? http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Georgia (country)

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Georgia (country) Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Georgia Georgian Georgian (also Kartvelian ; Kartuli in Georgian) is the official language of Georgia, a republic in the Caucasus. For the origin of the name, see the Georgia article. Georgian is the primary language of about 4 million people in Georgia itself, or seventy percent of the country's population, and of another 2 mln. people abroad (chiefly in Turkey and Russia, with smaller communities in Iran, Azerbaijan, etc.). It is main literary language for all ethnographic groups of Georgian people, including the speakers of the other South Caucasian languages (Svan, Megrelian, and Laz). Click the link for more information. ), known from Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s - Years: 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 - 1990 is a common year starting on Monday (click link for calendar). Events January January 3 - Former leader of Panama Manuel Noriega surrenders to American forces. Click the link for more information.

65. A Pipeline Of Trouble In Georgia Csmonitor.com Experts say that former President Eduard Shevardnadze is partly to blame for the Russianbase, one of two remaining in georgia after the ussr s collapse. http://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0116/p06s01-wosc.html

66. CBS News | Georgia Worries: Blood & Oil | November 24, 2003 08:56:54 Shevardnadze tried to convene the legislature his government said was When elationover Shevardnadze s resignation fades, georgia s former opposition leaders http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/11/22/world/main585100.shtml

Home U.S. Iraq World ... FREE CBS News Video November 24, 2003 08:56:54 The Early Show CBS Evening News 48 Hours 60 Minutes ... Section Front E-mail This Story Printable Version TBILISI, Georgia, Nov. 24, 2003 Attempted 'Coup' In Georgia A municipal worker cleans a street of front the Georgian parliament in Tbilisi, early Monday, where Life in Tbilisi appeared to be returning to normal after a night of street parties. (Photo: AP) "I realized that what is happening may end with spilled blood if I use my rights." Eduard Shevardnadze Some Georgian special forces soldiers joined the opposition in downtown Tbilisi on Sunday. (Photo: AP) Visibly shaken Shevardnadze inside Parliament after being whisked out of session hall in Tbilisi Saturday (Photo: AP) (CBS/AP) Georgia's interim leader, in her first speech to the nation, pledged Monday to hold elections in 45 days and called on police and security services to restore order after a wave of protest swept President Eduard Shevardnadze from power. Nino Burdzhanadze, who had been an important member of the opposition, appealed to Georgia's people to cooperate and reaffirmed her country's pro-western stance. "Order must be restored immediately not only in Tbilisi but also in all the regions of the country," she said in a nationally televised speech.

67. Information And Description Of The Former USSR (Soviet Union) of the political history of the former ussr. and politics of the former Soviet Unionin Amenia, Azerbaijan, Belorussia, Estonia, georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan http://www.raftsiberia.com/trips/info/ussr.html

Siberia Rafting Argut River Katun' River Upper Katun' River Sayan Oka River ... Chuya River Siberia Trekking Kamchatka Volcanoes Altai Trekking Central Asia Rafting Chatkal River Chilik River United States Rafting Middle Fork Salmon Tuolumne River Cherry Creek American River ... California Rafting Information General Information River Comparison Whitewater Partners Custom Trips ... Payment Feedback? Questions? Contact: Webmaster PO Box 3184 Rocklin, CA 95677 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) The former USSR (commonly referred to as the Soviet Union) was formed as the result a weak Russian monarchy, an economic crisis, and over three years of unsuccessful fighting in World War I. Brilliantly using this situation, Vladimir Lenin led the Bolshevik Revolution and seized the government from the Tsarist regime in the Fall of 1917. Lenin was a previously exiled Marxist authority who founded the Russian Communist Party and became the first leader of the Soviet State until his death in 1924. He was able to unite people in support of Bolsheviks under the idea of “power for workers and peasants." His ideas of ending an unpopular war and redistribution of national wealth were also very popular. The Bolshevik Revolution was followed by a brutal Civil War which took millions of lives. The Revolution and Civil War tragically divided the nation and millions of people left the country. Among these were the brightest and most talented writers, scientists, and specialists including the airplane designer Sikorskiy, the writers Bunin and Nabokov, the singer Shalyapin, the artist Mark Chagal. The Soviet State was officially founded at the end of 1922.

68. Language Policy In The Former Soviet Union With this came forced cyrillicization of former roman or republic could secede fromthe ussr; each had now exSoviet) Republics (georgia, Armenia, Azerbaidzhan http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/540/handouts/ussr/soviet2.html

Language Policy in the former Soviet Union Handout for LING 540, Language Policy H. Schiffman, Instructor Languages of the former USSR Before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the early 1990's, the population of the USSR was approximately only half Russian-speaking, and the percentages of Slavic speakers was declining. Even if Ukrainian, Belorussian and other Indo-European languages added, still a large proportion of the population spoke Altaic (Turkic, Mongolian etc.), Caucasian (two families) and other non-Indo-European languages. Demographic trends indicated their percentages would increase. Before the Soviet Revolution (1917) only Russian was an official language, but some of the "Christianized" groups (Armenians, Georgians, Baltic peoples, Finns?) used their own languages and had for some time. Other groups' languages were not reduced to writing, or had been used for limited purposes; the Muslim populations of Central Asia and some of the Caucasus may have used Arabic or their own languages with Perso-Arabic script, but literacy was very limited. Poles, Ukrainians and Belorussians were not so lucky; the plan was to russify them, increasingly in the late 19th century. Russification For other groups, such as the Poles, under Russian occupation since the late 1700's (Russia, Austria and Germany

69. Global Vision For Predvestnik the radical Muslims and the existing government; and in newspapers to the south toGeorgia, Armenia and still the primary language spoken in the former ussr. http://www.forerunner.com/predvestnik/X0009_Global_Vision_for_Pr.html

Global Vision for Predvestnik By Sergei Zavgorodny English translation by Roman Medvid The Global Vision for Predvestnik and Media House International - To build a distribution network that will blanket all of the former USSR; to reach China with the printed word; and to penetrate the Muslim world with the Gospel. Predvestnik's Current Distribution Network Predvestnik has been distributed in every former Soviet republic with the exception of Turkmenistan and Tadjikistan. We have been limited in Tadjikistan by the war between the radical Muslims and the existing government; and in Turkmenistan by the restrictive religious situation. * In Kazakhstan, a huge territory in central Asia, there are some Christian churches in Alma Ata and another large city, Karaganda. The churches are mainly made up of Russian Christians. Outside the major cities there are few churches. The ethnic Kazakhi Muslim population remains largely unreached. Predvestnik is received in Alma Ata, a city of over one million people. We currently distribute over 25 percent of our newspapers in Kazakhstan through two distributors. There is a large Christian ministry in Alma Ata called "Agapé" which maintains contacts with every church in Kazakhstan. They distribute Predvestnik throughout their region. There is a mission called "Grace" in Karaganda (central Kazakhstan) which also directly receives a smaller order of Predvestnik. There is an huge opportunity for us in this area alone.

70. Russia And NIS separatist republic supported by Russia against georgia) 3. A of funds and arms fromthe former ussr keep good First of all, in Islamic formerdependencies (ie http://political.lifetips.com/Cat.asp__Q__id__E__10251

Political Tips By Joseph Rigano Life Tips Political Tips Russia and NIS Search for Tips Search for Sites Guru Stores Find My Site Political Newsletter Need Political Tips? Fresh Tip Weekly Join 999k Subscribers Personal Wisdom Privacy Guaranteed Easy Unsubscribe Newsletter Archive! Political Resources Political Articles Political FAQ Political NewsLetters Political Tests ... My Political Bio Sponsored Links LifeTips Poll Who will win the Baseball World Series this year? Yankees Red Sox Cubs Marlins Angels Astros Athletics Giants Twins LifeTips Poll Who will be our next President? Bush Kerry Nader Contact Us! If you have questions about Life Tips, our Sales Staff and/or Gurus have the answers. Ask Question Now! Who you, a Guru? Become a LifeTips.com Guru! We'll make you the world’s foremost authority in your field, whether it’s antiques, skateboards or cooking. We'll host a Guru Tip Web site for you, just like this Political site, so you can share advice and tips and build relationships and trust. Your Guru Tip Site is your gateway to millions of consumers in our network. Become a Guru!

71. ISN - Information Services - Security Watch former ussr falls behind on road to democracy, 05.06.2003. majority of the countriesin the former Soviet Union Nations in Transit report on georgia details a http://www.isn.ethz.ch/infoservice/secwatch/index.cfm?service=cwn&parent=detail&

72. Georgia census, there were some 100,000 Greeks in georgia. Last year, the Greek governmentadopted legislation Greek immigrants from the former ussr.) The outmigration http://www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/idpSurvey.nsf/wViewCountries/BB92AF100C386F22

www.idpproject.org Georgia Section : Causes and Background of Displacement Sub-section : Other Georgian regions Georgia menu List of sources Maps Need for displacement prevention in other Georgian regions (2000) Reports of ethnic tensions in southern Georgia between Armenian and Georgian communities (Djavakheti and Tsalka region) Region of Djavakheti "Ethnic Tensions Flare Up Again In Southern Georgia. Two incidents this month in the predominantly Armenian-populated region of Djavakheti in southern Georgia have spotlighted the latent animosity between the regions Armenian and Georgian communities. And recent ill-considered moves by the Georgian authorities may exacerbate those tensions. On 1 June (the religious festival of St. Nino, who converted the Georgians to Christianity in the fourth century A.D.) fighting broke out in the district of Ninotsminda, apparently between local Armenian residents and Georgian pilgrims and clergy. Then on 12 June, Armenians from Ninotsminda who were returning from a visit to Armenia clashed with Georgian border guards at a border post. Georgia's National Security Council has created a special commission to clarify the circumstances of that latter incident. But at the same time, the Georgian presidential representative in Djavakheti, Gigla Baramidze, has risked further alienating the region's Armenian population by warning that all local officials who do not acquire spoken and written fluency in Georgian within the next three years will be dismissed. Baramidze's appointment of an Armenian alleged to be engaged in smuggling to head the Akhalkalaki local administration has compounded the anger of the Armenian population, many of whom risk losing their jobs when the Russian military base in Akhalkalaki is closed." (RFE/RL 23 June 2000)

73. Access To THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1993 Provided Courtesy Of The 12 nm in 1973 ussrTurkish Protocol of georgia conventional short form georgia locallong form Sakartvelo Respublika former georgian Soviet Socialist http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact93/wf940088.txt

74. Eduard Shevardnadze hardliners, and he served until the ussr was dissolved from military forces stillloyal to former president Gamsakhurdia would remain a part of georgia, but in http://www.osgf.ge/all/ika/eduard_shevardnadze.htm

Eduard Shevardnadze Introduction The People of Georgia Economy Government ... Eduard Shevardnadze Shevardnadze, Eduard A. Shevardnadze's campaign against crime and political corruption caught the attention of central government officials in Moscow, who named him first secretary of the Georgian Communist Party in 1972. He was named to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1976. One day after he joined the Politburo (the chief political and executive committee of the CPSU) in 1985, he was nominated minister of foreign affairs for the USSR. His close personal and ideological ties to party chairman Mikhail Gorbachev (later president of the USSR from 1988 to 1991) probably influenced his nomination. In 1990 Shevardnadze resigned as foreign minister, protesting the planned use of military force to quell unrest in the USSR and warning against the growing influence of Communist conservatives. He was reappointed foreign minister in November 1991 after an unsuccessful coup attempt by Communist hard-liners, and he served until the USSR was dissolved the following month. In 1992, after Georgian president Zviad Gamsakhurdia was forced from office and the presidency was abolished, Shevardnadze was chosen to lead the newly independent republic of Georgia as acting chairman of the State Council. Later that year he was elected chairman by direct referendum after winning about 90 percent of the popular vote. The war against Abkhazian secessionists was accompanied by several important political developments. In order to gain Russian support in Abkhazia, Shevardnadze agreed to enroll Georgia in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in October 1993. Political opponents protested the decision to join the CIS, which prompted Shevardnadze to form a new political party, the Citizens' Union of Georgia, in November 1993. Political opponents also objected to a military cooperation treaty with Russia, signed by Shevardnadze in February 1994, which granted Russia the right to maintain and operate three bases on Georgian territory. In March 1994 Shevardnadze called for the restoration of the office of the president.

75. State Of The Environment - Georgia 1995 fruit and tea crops of the former ussr, and a from specialisation which supplementedthe former Soviet economy and has caused the entire Georgian population to http://www.parliament.ge/SOEGEO/english/backgrnd/economy/economy.htm

G.INFO: State of the Environment - Georgia - Country Background Information Economic Social and economic indicators Energy consumption and Production Half a decade ago, living standards in Georgia were quite good. In the Soviet period, Georgia was well-known for its large shadow economy: this was the only possibility for private enterpreneurship under the orthodox socialist state-controlled economic system. Unfortunately, political liberalisation turned into a turbulent process of ethnic tensions and subsequent rapid decline of economic activities that Georgia has experienced during the last five years. Agriculture has always been more important in the Georgian economy than industry, accounting for 42 % of the Gross National Product in 1991, while industry constituted another 34 %. The rest was distributed between construction, transport - communication and trade. Georgia produced almost the entire citrus fruit and tea crops of the former USSR, and a large share of high-quality grapes and wine. As for industry, it was a relatively large producer of steel pipes, electric motors, aircrafts, computers, synthetic fibbers, ferroalloys, chemicals, fertilisers, cement, shoes and canned goods. Mining of manganese has been a major source of income in the past, but began to decline in the '90s. Georgia has one of the richest manganese mines in the world located in western Georgia - Chiatura district). Total reserves to be considered are about 200 million tons. Before the transition period annual production was 5 - 5.3 million tons, but it decreased to 476,000 tons in 1993 (UNDP report, 1995).

76. Constitution Of The Former USSR ThisNation.com of Soviet Socialist Republics (The former Soviet Union Soviet Socialist Republic,;the Georgian Soviet Socialist the Supreme Soviet of the ussr, the government http://www.thisnation.com/library/print/ussr2.html

HOME TEXTBOOK LIBRARY GLOSSARY ... SEARCH The Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (The Former Soviet Union) Adopted October 7, 1977 Preamble The Great October Socialist Revolution, made by the workers and peasants of Russia under the leadership of the Communist Party headed by Lenin, overthrew capitalist and landowner rule, broke the fetters of oppression, established the dictatorship of the proletariat, and created the Soviet state, a new type of state, the basic instrument for defending the gains of the revolution and for building socialism and communism. Humanity thereby began the epoch-making turn from capitalist to socialism. After achieving victory in the Civil War and repulsing imperialist intervention, the Soviet government carried through far-reaching social and economic transformations, and put an end once and for all to exploitation of man by man, antagonisms between classes, and strive between nationalities. The unification of the Soviet Republics in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics multiplied the forces and opportunities of the peoples of the country in the building of socialism. Social ownership of the means of production and genuine democracy for the working masses were established. For the first time in the history of mankind a socialist society was created.

77. Karabakh.org the future it can took place in georgia, Russia, even of the Constitutions of theformer ussr and Azerbaijan and thus possessed of a government representing the http://www.karabakh.org/?id=3002&item=1

78. The Betrayal Of Democracy In Post-Soviet Georgia When the ussr was being dismantled, Shevardnadze was faced That such leaders (onewas former First Secretary of georgia hardly looks more stable than Armenia. http://antiwar.com/orig/nagle1.html

The Betrayal of Democracy in Post-Soviet Georgia by Chad Nagle British Helsinki Human Rights Group Special to Antiwar.com M aybe, when the Soviet Union collapsed, it was infeasible for the West to hold Nuremberg trials for all the Communist Party nomenklatura members who had hounded, arrested, imprisoned, tortured and executed dissidents and political prisoners for so many decades. Maybe it was impractical to even try to take such people to task in any way at all. Maybe it was inevitable that the West would acquiesce in the return to power of the more prominent of these communist henchmen in the new states of the ex-USSR. But surely, if we had any sense of responsibility to these imprisoned nations, we could have refrained from rewarding their former bosses, and applauding them as great liberators and reformers. THE WEST SALUTES THE OLD GUARD F A SECRET POLICEMAN'S PAST S In 1985, Shevardnadze threw his lot in with Mikhail Gorbachev, whose star was in the ascendant. The gamble paid off, and Gorbachev rewarded Shevardnadze with the post of Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs. The choice seemed strange, given that Shevardnadze had no foreign policy experience and spoke no foreign languages but Russian (which he spoke with difficulty). But his affable manner and white-haired, grandfatherly appearance, combined with the fact that his face was new in the West, evidently convinced Gorbachev that Shevardnadze was a good pick. Georgians were pleased to see Shevardnadze depart for Moscow, and lived under conditions of relative leniency with regard to cultural and national expression for the next six years.

79. Human Development Under Transition - Georgia georgia was among the first of the former republics of the ussr to obtain independence Onthe other hand, georgia shared with the former Soviet Union the http://www.undp.org/rbec/nhdr/1996/summary/georgia.htm

7. GEORGIA 1. Human Development Indicators Human Development Index (HDI) (1995) HDI Ranking out of 174 Land area (sq. kms) Population Estimated population (million) (1995) Population growth (%) Fertility (Avr.children per mother) Population density (persons per sq. km) Population distribution (%): - Rural - Urban Gender distribution (%): - Males - Females Age distrib'n ; Population (%): - Under 14 - Over 65 Ethnic distribution: - Georgians - Armenians - Russians Economy Total GNP (US$ billion) (1992) Real GDP per capita (1994 est)* Real GDP per capita ($PPP), (1991) Real growth in GDP (1994) (%) Employment by sector (%): - Agriculture - Industry - Services Unemployment (%): - Open - Hidden Education Adult literacy rate* School enrollment* Mean years at school Health Avr. life expectancy (years): - Total* - Men - Women Child mortality (per thousand born) Number of doctors per '000 inhabitants (93) Govt. expend. as % of GDP (1993) Total of which: Defence Education Health Social Protection * Indicators in italics included in Human Development Index 2. Features of Report

80. Equipo Nizkor - The Georgia Republic Is Ready To Render Its Airspace To AWAC Sur The georgia republic is ready to render its will sign an agreement with the governmentof Kazakhstan former ussr republics of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan are the http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/iraq/doc/rus2.html

EQUIPO NIZKOR DERECHOS The Georgia republic is ready to render its airspace to AWAC surveillance planes. Russia is being encircled with NATO bases, and it seems that it is impossible to stop this process. NATO Secretary General George Robertson is currently visiting Central Asia. The American official will visit Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. As it is supposed, Robertson will sign an agreement with the government of Kazakhstan about the deployment of two NATO airbases in Kazakh cities of Chimkent and Alma-Ata. The alliance will have an opportunity to control almost the entire Central Asian airspace, as well as the airspace of Russian and Chinese border territories. Former USSR republics of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan are the members of the recently established Organization for Collective Security Treaty (the organization was initiated by Russia). This brings up a question of NATO bases' compatibility with OCST's obligations. It seems that there is absolutely nothing in common about it. OCST members have repeatedly emphasized the organization's openness for other countries, but it is hard to suppose that the openness applies to NATO too. In addition to it, the latter does not experience the need of any cooperation. As it is supposed, an OCST airbase is to appear in the republic of Kyrgyzstan in October. Russia is doing almost all the costs about the project. The base will be the neighbor to the American army base deployed on the territory of Kyrgyz capital of Bishkek, as well as with two other NATO airbases in Kazakhstan. It is not ruled out that the alliance will extend its presence in the region.

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