81. Amateur Geologist Structured Geological Glossary: Weathering Structured geological Glossary Weathering. mechanical weathering, The set of allphysical processes by which an outcrop is broken up into small particles. http://www.amateurgeologist.com/content/glossary/weathering/weathering.html

var isGlossary = true; var isStructuredGlossary = true; Structured Geological Glossary: Weathering weathering The set of all processes that decay and break up bedrock, by a combination of physically fracturing or chemical decomposition. weathering Weathering includes two surface or near-surface processes that work in concert to decompose rocks. Both processes occur in place. No movement is involved in weathering . Chemical weathering involves a chemical change in at least some of the mineral within a rock. Mechanical weathering involves physically breaking rocks into fragments without changing the chemical make-up of the minerals within it. Mechanical weathering includes processes such as water in cracks freezing and expanding, or changes in temperature that expand and shrink individual minerals enough to break them apart. weathering (surface) Weathering includes the processes which mechanically and chemically wear and fragment rock. erosion The set of all processes by which soil and rock are loosened and moved downhill or downwind. saprolite Fine-grained weathering zone with microscopic or submicroscopic porosity occurring immediately above parent material bedrock. Saprolite is not contaminated by invasion of

82. Jesse E. McNinch - Physical Sciences top. Current Projects. geological and physical transport processeson a capeassociated shoal field observations and numerical modeling. http://www.vims.edu/physical/faculty/mcninch_je.html

Email mcninch@vims.edu Office Holben 201 Phone Jesse E. McNinch Assistant Professor of Marine Science B.S., University of Southwestern Louisiana M.S. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Ph.D., University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Research Interests Current Projects Selected Publications Current Students ... Collaborative / Interdisciplinary Efforts Research Interests top Current Projects Geological and physical transport processes on a cape-associated shoal: field observations and numerical modeling. J.E. McNinch (PI), J.T. Wells (co-PI), and R.A. Luettich (co-PI). Funded by National Science Foundation. Observational and modeling investigation of short-term shoreline and shoreface responses to Pre-Holocene substrates outcropping in the surf zone. J.E. McNinch (PI) and T.G. Drake (co-PI). Funded by Army Research Office. Morphodynamics of a mixed-sediment disposal mound. J.E. McNinch (PI). Funded by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Field Research Facility. Storm-related scour at the wreck site of Queen Anne's Revenge. J.E. McNinch (PI) and J.T. Wells (co-PI). Funded through UNC-CH by North Carolina Underwater Archaeology Unit. Evaluation of surficial sand resources: Southeastern Virginia's inner continental shelf. C. Hobbs (PI) and J.E. McNinch (co-PI). Funded by Minerals Management Service.

83. NEWS The geological sciences focus on studying physical, chemical, and biologicalprocesses of the Earth, from its deep interior to its surface. http://www.geo.utep.edu/undergrad.htm

UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM The Geological Sciences Major Requirements Minor Requirements Course Catalog Internships ... Students From earthquakes to thunderstorms, the physical processes of the Earth and the atmosphere have always affected people. The geological sciences focus on studying physical, chemical, and biological processes of the Earth, from its deep interior to its surface. The two main areas of geoscience are geology and geophysics, and both in general require field based studies. Geology focuses on answering fundamental questions regarding the physical, chemical, and biological processes of the Earth by studying rocks and their relationships in the field. Geophysics, the physics of the Earth, focuses on answering similar questions, but also includes the study of earthquakes, and in general uses remote sensing techniques. There are many sub disciplines in the geological sciences, each with different physical science foundations (chemistry, physics, and biology). Why Geology?

84. Department Of Geological Sciences - University Of Missouri-Columbia - Research science, including the subfields of biological, chemical, geological and physicaloceanography. ALVIN, to study various aspects of oceanographic processes. http://www.missouri.edu/~geolwww/research/biopaleo.html

Faculty Research Biogeochemistry and Paleoenvironmental Studies T he role of the geological sciences in our society has undergone important changes in recent years, resulting in a shift to basic research in areas that will result in a better understanding of natural hazards, natural resource management, and the environmental impact of both natural processes and human activities. The subdisciplines that are most critical in evaluating the nation's strategic problems are those that pertain to near-surface processes. Links between geology and the biosphere are especially important. Active areas of research pursued by our faculty include the following: Environmental Geochemistry Faculty C. Kelley T. Lyons C. Wicks M any research projects directly or indirectly relate to hydrogeology and environmental geochemistry. The ability to predict groundwater flow and solute transport through the big spring basins of Missouri is helping us to understand the relationship between the hydrogeologic setting and the occurrence and health of cavefish. The fate of organic chemicals in aqueous environments (ocean, estuary, groundwater, and lake environments) is also studied, with particular emphasis on the carbon cycle. Redox geochemistry, specifically the coupling between the S and Fe cycles, is another area of active research. Oceanography Faculty C. Kelley

85. IU Geological Sciences - Course Information Grad. Tiers Dynamics of fluid flow, hydraulics of sediment transport, interaction of physicalprocesses in depositional geological processes controlling ore deposition. http://www.indiana.edu/~geosci/courses/courseinfograd.html

Home News Courses Prospective Students ... Site Search INDIANA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES Graduate Course Descriptions G501 Sedimentary Processes and Environments (3 cr.) P: graduate standing. Origin and controls of facies distribution in sedimentary systems. Field study of selected ancient facies systems. (Tier III) G503 Phase Equilibria (3 cr.) P or concurrent: C360, G406, or consent of instructor. Thermodynamic functions and conditions of equilibria in unary, binary, ternary, and multicomponent systems. Mixing properties of crystalline solutions. Chemical potential and activity diagrams. (Tier III) G504 Metamorphic Petrology (3 cr.) P: G418, G503. The evolution of mineral assemblages and compositions during prograde metamorphism. Reaction mechanisms. Effect of fluid composition on mineral assemblages. Theoretical basis and description of various projection schemes. Appraisal of selected experimental studies. (Tier III) G506 Principles of Igneous Petrology (3 cr.) P: G418. Origin, composition, classification, phase relationships, and distribution of igneous rocks; economic considerations. Emphasis on province, associations, and facies type. (Tier III) G509 Theoretical Geochemistry (4 cr.) P: C360, C361, P340, or G406 or the equivalent; consent of instructor. Thermodynamics and solution chemistry as tools in geochemistry; designed for students planning advanced work or research in geochemistry. (Tier III)

86. PLANETOPHYSICAL STATE OF THE EARTH AND LIFE These deep physical processes, these new qualities of our physical and geologicalenvironment, will impose special adaptive challenges and requirements for all http://www.tmgnow.com/repository/global/planetophysical.html

English Presentation Sponsored By: THE MILLENNIUM GROUP http://www.tmgnow.com/ January 8, 1998 PLANETOPHYSICAL STATE OF THE EARTH AND LIFE By DR. ALEXEY N. DMITRIEV Published in Russian, IICA Transactions, Volume 4, 1997 *Professor of Geology and Mineralogy, and Chief Scientific Member, United Institute of Geology, Geophysics, and Mineralogy, Siberian Department of Russian Academy of Sciences. Expert on Global Ecology, and Fast -Processing Earth Events. Russian to English Translation and Editing: by A. N. Dmitriev, Andrew Tetenov, and Earl L. Crockett Summary Paragraph INTRODUCTION The climatic and biosphere processes here on Earth (through a tightly connected feedback system) are directly impacted by, and linked back to, the general overall transformational processes taking place in our Solar System. We must begin to organize our attention and thinking to understand that climatic changes on Earth are only one part, or link, in a whole chain of events taking place in our Heliosphere. These deep physical processes, these new qualities of our physical and geological environment, will impose special adaptive challenges and requirements for all life forms on Earth. Considering the problems of adaptation our biosphere will have with these new physical conditions on Earth, we need to distinguish the general tendency and nature of the changes. As we will show below, these tendencies may be traced in the direction of planet energy capacity growth (capacitance), which is leading to a highly excited or charged state of some of Earth's systems.

87. GEOTOP History A multidisciplinary research team investigating biological, chemical, geologicaland physical processes occurring in natural environments. http://www.geotop.uqam.ca/geotop/historique/eng/histoGeotopA.shtml

GEOTOP history The centre for research in Geochemistry and Geodynamics GEOTOP was created by geo-scientists from the Earth Science department at UQÀM . It obtained its first FCAR grant in 1974, shortly after its creation. Since then, GEOTOP has substantially grown and has become a reputable centre for geosciences in Canada and throughout the world. With funding from NSERC , the UQÀM Foundation and FCI , it has acquired several mass spectrometers and other highly specialized laboratory instruments and has become the top geochemical laboratory in the country. In 2000, GEOTOP has become an Inter-University Research Centre which includes as many researchers from McGill University as from UQÀM. GEOTOP is presently funded under the FCAR Research Center Grant Program. Its current membership of eighteen includes researchers from several departments of UQÀM and McGill universities. Individual and team research grants are provided by NSERC and FCAR. The common research theme at GEOTOP is the dynamics of Earth systems and includes investigations of biological, chemical, geological, and physical processes occurring in terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems. GEOTOP is A research centre supported by the FCAR funds of the Québec government.

88. TAMU Oceanography: Physical Oceanography Achim Stössel Impact of highlatitude processes on mean already hold an MS in geologicaloceanography or physical oceanography students who wish to bypass the http://www-ocean.tamu.edu/Education/phys.html

Home Student Info Research About Us ... Directory Physical Oceanography Physical Oceanography is the study of the physical processes in the ocean and the interaction of the ocean with the atmosphere. Physical oceanographers in our department study currents at the surface and in the deep ocean, water mass formation, and the role of the ocean in weather and climate. We also study the heat budget of the ocean including solar heating, evaporation, infrared radiation into and out of the sea, the transport of heat and salt by currents, and the formation of sea ice. The goal of our work is to understand and predict processes such as , the role of the ocean in climate and the ice ages, currents in the Gulf of Mexico and elsewhere, and physical processes along continental shelves. In doing our work we construct elaborate numerical models of the circulation , and we analyse data collected from instruments on ships and satellites.

89. Geological Survey during the chemical and mechanical processes of weathering and erosion, and the physicalreconcentration of geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 280, 583 pages http://www.gov.nl.ca/mines&en/geosurvey/education/gold.stm

Branch Home Home Contact Us FAQs ... Maps Search Choose a topic . . . Government Home Department Home About Us Conferences Contact Us Education Electricity Exploration FAQs Feedback Geology How Do I... Industry Info Legislation Mineral Rights Mining News Releases Permits Programs We Offer Publications Quarry Rights Related Sites Statistics Related Information Education Resources Ordering Information Publication Catalogue compiled by R. James Weick, 1994 Gold, the noblest of metals, has been used by man for more than 5000 years. Its extreme softness or malleability, and resistance to tarnish (oxidation), led to its earliest uses in art and currency. Gold is the metal of choice for jewellery, and is often used in dentistry. Gold has also been used successfully in many modern technological applications. It is used as the electrical contacts of computer chips. Minute quantities of gold (less than 3 micrograms) are vaporized to mirror lens surfaces. The intrinsic value of gold offers an attractive alternative to stocks and bonds for many investors. It remains the principle medium for setting currency values and settling international debts among the nations of the world. Minor concentrations of gold occurs in most natural substances. In seawater, for example, there is approximately 0.012 parts per billion (ppb) of gold, and in fresh water it is slightly higher at 0.02 ppb. Its average concentration in the Earth's crust or lithosphere is approximately 5 ppb, and in certain sedimentary rocks it may achieve concentrations of up to 2100 ppb or 2.1 parts per million (ppm). At these concentrations 20 or 30 tons of rock must be processed to extract a single ounce of precious gold. As a result, gold can only be mined profitably where it is highly concentrated by natural chemical and physical processes.

90. USA@UiO Centre for Physics of geological processes. The centre will host a new masterdegree program for Physics of geological processes, in addition to a Ph. http://www.uio.no/english/about_uio/international/research/usa/pgp.html

UiO - web pages UiO - persons WWW - Google Academics Student Life Research University Library ... Main Page USA@UiO 2004 Centre of Excellence Centre for Physics of Geological Processes Physics of geological processes is a Centre with short and effective channels from basic research to education, industry, and the public. Its ambition is to develop the Centre of Excellence to become the focus of a new science discipline. The centre is based on an already established collaboration between research groups at the Department of Physics and the Department of Geology at the University of Oslo. Its cross disciplinary projects have already proven that the intersection of geology and the physics of complex irreversible processes is scientifically fruitful and relevant for industry and society. Geological processes such as deformation, transport, growth-dissolution, and tectonic processes can be studied using new methods recently developed in physics to bridge the gap between field oriented studies, experiments, computer modelling and theory. The research is directly relevant for the petroleum industry, the processing industry, and for organizations dealing with the spreading of pollutants in the geosphere. Ongoing, close collaboration with leading industrial partners has resulted in effective transfer of the most relevant basic research results to industry. The centre will host a new master degree program for Physics of Geological Processes, in addition to a Ph. D. and postdoc program. The program will educate students with a combination of field experience, theoretical, and computer science skills. The centre has a board of internationally renowned scientists, and a top executive from Norwegian industry. The centre actively communicates interesting research to the general public and industry.

91. ACMS Some or all of the following courses are recommended as background in geologicalsciences before taking 391/2/3 GEOL 201 (5) physical processes of the Earth; http://www.ms.washington.edu/acms/bsdegree00/advising/geol.html

ACMS and the Geological Sciences ACMS students with interests in the geological sciences might consider selecting the Engineering and Physical Sciences Option , with the following courses for the Group II electives: GEOL 391 (5) Geochemistry GEOL 392 (5) Geomechanics GEOL 393 (5) Geobiology To fulfill prerequisites, students pursuing course this may petition to replace one quarter of Physics in the ACMS Core by an appropriate Chemistry course. Some or all of the following courses are recommended as background in geological sciences before taking 391/2/3: GEOL 201 (5) Physical Processes of the Earth GEOL 202 (5) Earth Materials and Processes GEOL 203 (5) Evolution of the Earth Students may petition to allow one of these 200 level courses along with 2 of the 390-level courses as satisfying the Group II electives. Minor in Geological Sciences Students completing GEOL 201/2/3 and 10 credits at the 300 level with a minimum grade of 2.0 might also consider a Minor in Geological Sciences Double majors / double degrees See Geological Sciences for information on Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts degrees.

92. Geological Sciences Department Prerequisites geological Sciences 101; Mathematics 150A; Physics225, 225L or 211, 211L. Atmospheric processes, composition and structure....... http://www.fullerton.edu/catalog/academic_departments/geol.asp

Home Page Academic Departments : Geological Sciences Department Page Catalog Home Degree Listing Catalog Search Course Search ... Dept Homepage Department Chair John H. Foster Department Office McCarthy Hall 254 Programs Offered Bachelor of Science in Geology Minor in Geology Master of Science in Geology Emphasis in Geochemistry (under Master of Science in Chemistry) Department Website http://geology.fullerton.edu Faculty Phillip Armstrong, David Bowman, Gerald Brem, Gaylen R. Carlson, Diane Clemens-Knott, Matthew Kirby, Jeff Knott, Richard L. Laton, John Foster, Brady Rhodes, Prem Saint Advisers Introduction Top of page Geological sciences is the study of Earth through time, including its physical nature, chemical composition and dynamics, as well as its origin and evolution. In addition to the quest for understanding the way Earth works and its relation to the solar system, geological scientists are involved in the search for energy, mineral and water resources, the evaluation and remediation of environmental hazards, and the prevention and/or prediction of natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, coastal erosion, and floods. About 60% of all

93. GRADUATE PROGRAM 1305. OCEANOGRAPHY. A study of the physical (geological), biological, and chemicalprocesses responsible for the existence of the ocean as we know it today. http://www.geology.smu.edu/~vineyard/undergradprog.html

GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS DEGREE REQUIREMENTS (adopted Spring 1999) MAJOR IN GEOLOGY. The B.A. or B.S. degrees in Geology typically follow one of three primary tracks—hard-rock geology and geochemistry, soft-rock geology and resource exploration, and paleontology and paleoenvironments. Each of these areas integrates class-room learning with field and laboratory experience. Consult a faculty advisor for recommendations. GEOLOGY B.A. A minimum of 28 hrs in geology, selected from the following: 1. One of GEOL 1301, 1305, 1307, 1308, or 1315 - 3 hrs 3. Four geology electives (3000+) - 12 hrs minimum 4. Geology Field Studies (one of GEOL 3240, 3241, 3242, or 3243) - 2 hrs Required support courses - 9 hrs minimum: 1. CHEM 1301 or 1303 - 3 hrs 2. PHYS 1301, 1303 (recommended), 1313, or 1407 - 3 hrs minimum 3. MATH 1337 - 3 hrs NOTE: 1. Participation in a recognized geology summer field camp is strongly recommended. (Most geology graduate programs in the U.S. require that a field course be completed.) GEOLOGY B.S.

94. Igneous And Metamorphic Petrology At The University Of Calgary Calgary office of the geological Survey of microprobe analysis, application of physicalchemistry to chemical thermodynamics and transport processes in geology http://www.geo.ucalgary.ca/tmg/petrology.html

at the University of Calgary Facilities Academic Staff Department Information Geochemical Dynamics of Solid Earth Processes Petrologic studies at the University of Calgary are based on careful field observations, petrography, and the application of mathematics, physics, and chemistry to understanding the dynamics of chemical and physical processes in the earth's crust and upper mantle. Our research contributes to the fundamentals of igneous petrology, metamorphic petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry, and ore deposits. We encourage enquiries from qualified students, post-doctoral fellows, and visiting scientists. Facilities Field studies Field studies form the basis of much of the teaching and research in the Department. We support modern techniques, including the use of computers and GPS for field studies and geological mapping. Chemical and mineralogical analysis The Department has outstanding facilities for characterizing rocks and minerals. Automated ARL-SEMQ electron microprobe with nine wavelength dispersive channels JEOL JXA-8200 electron microprobe Scanning electron microscopes at the Science/Medicine Microscopy and Imaging Facility Atomic absorption and gas chromatography laboratory Wet chemistry laboratoris Rigaku Multiflex X-ray diffractometer and support equipment Advanced microscopy laboratory with fluid-inclusion heating-freezing stage Cathodoluminescence instrumentation Nomarski interference microscope Laser interferometry system Mineral separation laboratory Stable isotopes, radioisotopes, REEs, and trace element analyses at the

95. Geological And Planetary Sciences dynamics and geometry of crustal movements are studied by geological and geophysical Majorprocesses and events in the chemical and physical evolution of http://pr.caltech.edu/catalog/study/geo.html

Geological and Planetary Sciences Students and faculty in the Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences study the earth and planets to understand their origin, constitution, and development, and the effect of the resulting physical and chemical environments on the history of life, and on humanity. The approach to these problems relies strongly on the basic sciences. Programs of study and research are pursued in environmental science and engineering, geology, geobiology, geochemistry, geophysics, and planetary science. The curriculum is flexible so that students with degrees in biology, chemistry, engineering, or physics may carry out graduate work within the division. Interdisciplinary studies are encouraged and students may carry out academic and research programs within and between different divisions. Physical Facilities Conditions for field study and research in the earth sciences in southern California are excellent. A great variety of rock types, geologic structures, active geologic processes, physiographic forms, and geologic environments exist within convenient reach of the Institute. The relatively mild climate permits field studies throughout the entire year; consequently, year-round field work is an important part of both the educational and research programs. There are active field programs in diverse areas in North America and throughout the world. The Seismological Laboratory of the Institute is housed in the Seeley G. Mudd Building. This has excellent computer facilities and maintains a seismological observatory, which includes the Kresge Laboratory, located about three miles west of the campus on crystalline bedrock, affording a firm foundation for the instrument piers and tunnels. The Seismological Laboratory carries on a vigorous program of geophysical research and education and is headquarters for a modern 200-station broadband array called TriNet. This array provides an excellent research facility for the study of earthquakes and earth structure.

96. Books - Shopping And Price Comparison On Kelkoo - geological surface processes (geomorphology). http://books.kelkoo.co.uk/b/a/cpc_5101_gs_16271960_category.html

Search all of kelkoo Search within "Books" Bookmark this page Home Books Books Company info Top searches Top products writeSyn('Keywords') Kelkoo Toolbar Promotions Kelkoo in Europe: Belgium Denmark France Germany ... Sweden Generated : 09-06-2004 10:07:26

97. Organizations Of The NASB Department Of Chemical And Earth Sciences Early Precambrian geology; Earth s physics; geotectonics; geothermics lithology andgeochemistry; modern geological processes; neogeodynamics; physicochemical http://www.ac.by/organizations/institutes/inochi.html

THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF BELARUS Research Organizations Attached to the Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences THE INSTITUTE FOR PROBLEMS OF NATURAL RESOURCES USE AND ECOLOGY 10 Starabarysauski Trakt, Minsk BY-220114, Republic of Belarus Fax: E-mail: ipnrue@ns.ecology.ac.by WWW Home Page: http://www.ecology.ac.by Founded Director: Acad. Vladimir F. LOGINOV tel.: Scientific Secretary: Dr. Leonid S. LIS, tel.: Field of scientific activities: Development of ecologically safe and resource saving technologies of mining and processing of caustobioliths. Estimation and forecasting of anthropogenic impact on the environment. Ecology of agricultural production Research subdivisions: laboratories of agricultural ecology; biogeochemistry of landscapes; chemistry and chemical technology of soil fuel; climatology; colloidal-chemical bases of ecologically safe technologies; geoecosystems modelling; geoecosystems optimization; information provision of natural resources use; matter and energy transformation in geoecosystems; peat deposits use and protection; physicochemical mechanics of natural dispersed systems; physicochemical methods of investigations; sapropels; experimental base "Dukora" Postgraduate Studies in the range of: technologies and complex mechanization of peat manufacture; chemical technologies of fuel; protection of an environment and rational use of natural resources

98. Research: Research Areas requires an imaginative integration of geology, physics, astronomy, biology GeologicalProcesses on Planetary Surfaces (Jansma, Mattioli, Marston, Benoit, new http://www.uark.edu/misc/csaps/Research/

Research Research Areas Research Areas Current Projects Space Missions at the Center Research Opportunities at the Center NRC Decadal Study of Solar System Exploration ... Association of Laboratories for Space Simulation Geological Processes on Planetary Surfaces Astronomical Processes I nstruments and Engineering for Possible Use on Mars While planetary and space science constitutes a new scientific and engineering challenge for gaining new knowledge and skills, the space environment also presents us with new opportunities for creating materials using integrative approaches. We are investigating manufacturing techniques for high technology items for use in space and on other planets that take advantage of the space environment and avoid launch costs. We are also exploring the chemistry of making new polymers from minerals unique to the martian surface that can be used for a wide variety of applications. Biological Investigations of Life on Mars Campaign for Space Research Facilities People ... Home Questions or comments about this page? Contact the webmaster.

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