61. LANGUAGES-ON-THE-WEB: BEST XHOSA LINKS AKAN AMHARIC FULFULDE/PULAAR IGBO ganda MENDE/BANDI Tribes Two groups of indigenous people were said to the Gamtoos River The Khoisan people no longer http://www.languages-on-the-web.com/links/link-xhosa.htm

language links XHOSA HOME THE BEST LINKS GUARANTEE Unlike many other web sites related to languages, only serious and useful sites are listed here. If you know a really good site for learning this language do email us GENERAL LINKS (UNDER CONSTRUCTION) XHOSA picasso.wcape.school.za/subject/xhosa/xhoshome.htm (AltaVista, Excite) XHOSA. WCSN Home Page. General Subject Index. WWW search. Sabelo's Isixhosa Home Page. Second Language. Std 6 Writing Evenkileni yempahla (dialogue) Ndim.. The Xhosa Virtual Resourse Network www.saol.co.za/xhosa/welcome.htm The Heritage Virtual Resource Network is the holding Organisation[Network] which steers and oversee all the networks within this domain.It is in this regard that The Heritage Virtual Resource Network announces the soon to be launching networks in its domain. These include the current Xhosa Network, the Sotho Network, the Afrikan Network and the Zulu Network will follow later after that. www.cyberserv.co.za/users/~jako/lang/xho.htm (Snap, Excite) South African Language: XHOSA VADA Software Talen V - Z www.vada.nl/softtvz.htm

62. 3 British Colonial Policies Mandate to the indigenous population this was the of promoting the welfare and advancement of colonial people. Agreement with Buganda gave the ganda a good http://husky1.stmarys.ca/~wmills/course317/3brit_policies.html

Wallace G. Mills Hist. 317 3 Brit. Colonial Policies British Colonial Policies British Colonial Policies in South Africa - Britain had longer, more continuous colonial experience than most imperial powers, even if not all of that was relevant (especially where white settlers predominated). 1. Natal - there were separate legal and political systems for whites and Africans even though the line tended to be a bit ad hoc). - Natal did have procedures whereby Africans could go from traditional law and custom to European law. There were procedures to allow Africans to obtain the right to vote; these procedures were so difficult that few were able (or willing) to acquire the vote. 2 Cape Colony no differentiation. - initially, a separate territory, Kaffraria, was set up in order to recognise and administer Xhosa law and custom. However, in the 1850s, Sir George Grey initiated the policy of assimilation that was to be policy in the Cape until 1936. he set out to achieve assimilation as rapidly as possible through schools and hospitals; he recognised that it would take time and have to be accomplished in an evolutionary fashion. in criminal aspects European law was used .

63. HighBeam Research: ELibrary Search: Results Languages Spoken by at Least 1 Million People The World Galla (see Oromo) ganda (or Luganda) (S Uganda) 3 Georgian Roman Catholic 65%, indigenous beliefs 25 http://www.highbeam.com/library/search.asp?FN=AO&refid=ency_refd&search_almanacs

64. Streicher, Henri, Uganda, Catholic Church In the minds of ganda Catholics, the church possessed a To get one indigenous priest is for me more important than to convert ten thousand people, he declared http://www.gospelcom.net/dacb/stories/uganda/streicher_henri.html

Streicher, Henri 1863 to 1952 Catholic Church Uganda Streicher's diocese covered the whole southern and western portion of modern Uganda. The evangelization of the western Nyoro and Toro kingdoms had already been started by his predecessor. In 1901 he commenced work in Ankole, and twenty years later in Kigezi. When he took over the diocese, there were 30,000 baptized Christians. When he retired in 1933, there were 303,000. There were, moreover, 46 African priests and 280 African religious sisters. Intelligent, energetic, authoritarian and independent, Streicher was a superb organizer. His diocesan synods were meticulously prepared. All the resolutions were drawn up by him beforehand ! Synodal participants were simply required to vote "yes" before being allowed to seek explanations from the bishop afterwards. Since the Ganda royal family was now in the hands of the Anglican mission, Streicher became in many ways a "royal" focus for Ganda Catholics, a veritable prince-bishop. The Catholic chiefs had moved to Buddu where they did the bishop's bidding. Evangelization was conducted through the influence of these chiefs, with the help of Ganda catechists. Just as chiefs in the past had sent their sons to the royal court to be the king's pages, they now sent them to the seminary to be "pages" of Streicher. In the minds of Ganda Catholics, the church possessed a structure that resembled their own kingdom. In the photographs, we see Streicher, with his French imperial beard, a lean, regal figure, enthroned upon the royal leopard skin, or wearing a black and gold princely robe over his soutane.

65. Uganda - Home Uganda Index. History. * Some indigenous kingdoms emerged from Other Luganda, Swahili. Uganda Index. People. * Tribes The main ethnic group is the ganda. http://www.africanet.com/africanet/country/uganda/

Uganda - HOME PAGE General Information..... Climate Currency Economy Geography ... Visas In more detail... Embassies Health and Safety Hotels / Lodges / Camping How to get there ... Tour Operators Climate * 1,500 mm /60 inches annual rainfall on the shores of Lake Victoria and in the Ruwenzori Mountains. * North eastern areas less than 1,000 mm/ 40 inches annual rainfall. * Average daytime temperatures 24 to 28 Celsius 75 to 82 Fahrenheit. Uganda Index Currency: * Currency: Ugandan Shilling. * Credit Cards: Visa, Mastercard, Access, American Express are accepted in good hotels, restaurants and also in some stores in the capital. * Banking Hours: 0830 to 1400 Monday to Friday. * Currency Restrictions: None. Uganda Index Economy * Agriculture: The major occupation is agriculture: coffee, tobacco, sugar, tea, maize, millet, yams, sorghum,, groundnuts, livestock, fishing. * Mining: Tungsten, copper, phosphate, tin, limestone, beryl. * Manufacturing: Textiles, fertilizers, food processing, brewing, plywood. * Other: Tourism is growing once more after years of neglect.

66. Phrasebase™ - UGANDA Facts And Information, UGANDA Statistics, UGANDA Facts, UG Net Migration Rate 0.28 migrants per 1k people. newspapers and some radio broadcasts), ganda or Luganda 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18 http://www.phrasebase.com/countries/index.php?&cat=102&newpage=People

67. PUBLICATIONS indigenous knowledge and development monitor; UNASYLVA; Forest, trees and people newsletter; Institutional Arrangements in Modern ganda Society. http://www.indiana.edu/~ifri/crc/uganda/publications/publications.htm

UFRIC Library resources IFRI Publications Downloadable publications Full text articles: ... Remote LIBRARY RESOURCES UFRIC Library Indigenous knowledge and institutions : an up-to-date and comprehensive bibliography with over 1000 citations covering the entire globe! Tragedy of the commons bibliography with 266 citations that include theoretical and policy dimensions. IASCP , The International Association of Common Property resources collections of conference papers provide useful references on indigenous knowledge, forestry and common property issues. Other Libraries and databases Journals and newsletters Electronic green journal Is published by the university of Idaho library, is a professional, referred publication devoted to disseminating information concerning sources of international environmental topics including assessment, conservation, devlopment, disposal, education, hazards, pollution of resources, technology and treatment. Indigenous knowledge and development monitor UNASYLVA Forest, trees and people newsletter IUFRO newsletters and announcements ... TOP IFRI PUBLICATIONS A number of publications based on UFRIC/IFRI research methodology has been documented.

68. Campaign Archive stolen, their traditions destroyed and their people murdered ore than 80 indigenous cultures have been wiped But other than family support, ganda could provide http://www.oneworld.org/earthaction/en/archive/archive.html

Deutsch EarthAction Campaign Directory Below is a comprehensive list of EarthAction's past campaigns, along with links to the complete Action Kits. Each Action Kit contains campaign materials which include an Action Alert, which is a description of the issue, and Background Information on that issue, as well as other helpful materials as well such as Sample Letter's to Policy Makers, Press Releases, Parliamentary Alerts, Graphics, Cartoons, Maps and directions/links to other resources. WHAT ON EARTH WERE THEY TALKING ABOUT? Before the US election in November 2000, EarthAction encouraged voters to question candidates for President and Congress about where they stood on some critical global issues. Here's the questionnaire and background material. If you have an election coming up in your country, please send a similar questionnaire to your candidates or political party leaders. If enough of us let our politicians know that what they will or won't do to protect the Earth and all its people is an issue that might influence how we vote, they'll pay attention!

69. Pastoral Letter 'Purchased People' Of Bishop Lamont have been seriously imperilled and the indigenous population decimated and that the African people are rapidly suspicion, the iniquitous propa­ganda which has http://www.carmelites.ie/Zimbabwe/purchasedpeople.htm

'Purchased People' Menu... Go to.... Homepage Welcome Who are the Carmelites? A history in Ireland Carmelites in Ireland Today In Zimbabwe Lay Carmel/Third Order Vocation to Carmel Spirituality Carmelite Saints Prayer Reflections on the Daily Readings Carmelite Periodicals Around the World What’s New . . . Links Site Map Search this site. . . Pastoral Instruction of the Right Reverend Donal Raymond Lamont, O.Carm., Bishop of Umtali. Index Teaching Authority of Bishops The Fundamental Problem The Family of Nations The Dignity of the Human Person ... Notes THE UNHAPPY EVENTS [i] of the past months and the conflicting opinions which have resulted from them, urge me as your Bishop, to direct to you, the Faithful of the Diocese of Umtali, the following instruction: Teaching Authority of Bishops At what was probably the most critical moment of His life, when Our Divine Lord stood in judgement before Pilate, the representative of the greatest civil power on earth, He described His teaching mission in these words: “For this was I born and for this came I into the world, that I should give testimony to the truth” (Jn. 18:37). That same mission He later confided to His Apostles telling them: “As the Father hath sent me, I also send you” (Jn. 20:21). Finally, His last command to them before His ascension was that they should go and teach all nations, in the confidence that He would be with them always, guiding, instructing and comforting them, till the world itself should cease to be (Matt. 27:19).

70. FAF - Preamble case among the Nuer and the ganda and even time the fighting subsided, over 1,200 people were dead for car parking sparked clashes between indigenous Hausas and http://www.freeafrica.org/indigenous_legal.html

Home Indigenous Africa Indigenous Legal Systems ....Indeed, Africa is one of the homes of advanced legal institutions. Perhaps the most famous of these institutions are the courts still found among the Bantu states of the southern third of the continent. ? Bohannan, 1968:199. Native Courts And Customary Laws Disputes arise in any family or society with regards to property, and African societies were no exception. To resolve these disputes, various mechanisms and institutions were created. However within the traditional African modus operandi, there was an additional unique dimension. Individual attachment to lineages and latent groups of solidarity always carried the potential risk of transforming personal disputes into broader group conflicts as was often the case among the Nuer and the Ganda and even in modern times. Here are two examples: On Jan 31, 1994, at the village of Nakpayili in Northern Ghana, a disagreement erupted between Konkonba and a Nanumba over the price of a guinea-fowl. In the ensuing heated exchange, the Konkomba man killed the Nanumba and his son. Other Konkombas joined in and an immediate massive Konkomba offensive was launched against the other ethnic groups and soon the Konkombas were fighting against the Nanumbas, Dagombas, Gonjas, Mamponsis and Chokosis. But the time the fighting subsided, over 1,200 people were dead, nearly 5,000 injured and over 10,000 displaced. Scores of villages were razed to the ground, including Lanja, Nakpakye, Lepusi, Pulnyasi, Nakayilli, Kpabe, Welensi and Chauba Bakpabe (Ghana Drum, March 1994; p.10).

71. Vitalog.com - Search By Location Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18% Languages English (official), ganda or Luganda search people who Born Died Burial. http://www.vitalog.com/cgi-bin/exploring/country.cgi?cod=1247&ctype=birth&sort=n

72. Www.unanca.org Islamic/Arabic government in the north and indigenous/animist believers As many as two million people have been killed in Uganda (The Land of the ganda People). http://www.unanca.org/aboutafrica.htm

back to UNANCA Web NEWS African Media link Homepage of the widely popular African Magazine TV news show. Spotlight on Africa link History Revealing Clues to Current Issues The Monitor Online link Uganda's only Independent daily newspaper The Uganda Page s ( link News from around Kampala and Uganda The BBC Africa link Africa-focus daily top headlines AllAfrica.com link Headlines from around Africa Daily Nation link East African news and information links. The East African link News from East African countries The East African Standard link News from East African countries BUSINESS ITWEB link New business and technology developments in Africa The North Africa Journal link Business and finance information and daily updates for North Africa The Guardian Times link Offshore and International investment information CULTURE Tours and Travel in Uganda link Information about tourism in Central Africa Orientation link Radio, online, newspaper, and entertainment sources for Africa Putumayo World Music link Traditional African music Mission Statement It is no surprise that in the absence of an African perspective in documentation, coverage, and dissemination of African related news and information, the general information and historical documentation made available to societies around the world about Africa, often through western media, is either limited or distorted in context.

73. Typophile Forums: Foreign Languages Fonts the first language of most people is one most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), ganda or Luganda Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages Zimbabwe http://www.typophile.com/forums/messages/14800/18836.html?1072891891

74. Serena S Travels - Travelogues And Photos note in addition, about 40,000 people live in 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18%. newspapers and some radio broadcasts), ganda or Luganda http://www.freewebs.com/serenab/flagsfactsandmaps.htm

Home Emails home from Africa Flags, Facts and Maps *new* Oz Tales ... Guestbook Serena's Travels Travelogues and Photos MIDDLE EAST TURKEY See my photos here CAPITAL - Ankara SIZE - total: 780,580 sq km, water: 9,820 sq km, land: 770,760 sq km POPULATION - 67,308,928 LIFE EXPECTANCY - total population: 71.52 years, female: 74.01 years, male: 69.15 years RELIGION - Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews) LANGUAGE - Turkish (official), Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian, Greek NATURAL HAZARDS - very severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van SYRIA See m y photos here CAPITAL - Damascus SIZE - total: 185,180 sq km ( note: includes 1,295 sq km of Israeli-occupied territory), water: 1,130 sq km, land: 184,050 sq km POPULATION - 17,155,814 note: in addition, about 40,000 people live in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights - 20,000 Arabs (18,000 Druze and 2,000 Alawites) and about 20,000 Israeli settlers LIFE EXPECTANCY - total population: 69.08 years

75. Background On Buganda Uganda (Swahili for Land of the ganda ) was the Buganda s traditional music, or her indigenous religion, check labor of love and many people have contributed http://www.buganda.com/bugintro.htm

Introduction Buganda is located in the south-central region of the country known today as Uganda, as shown in the map below. This is right in the heart of Africa, astride the equator, and at the source of the great river Nile . The people of Buganda are referred to as Baganda (the singular form is Muganda ), their language is referred to as Luganda , and they refer to their customs as Kiganda customs. Sometimes the generic term Ganda is used for all the above (especially by foreign scholars). Buganda is home to the nation's political and commercial capital, Kampala; as well as the country's main international airport, Entebbe. Follow this link for more information about contemporary Uganda . If you want to see where Uganda is located within Africa, click here 'Uganda' (Swahili for 'Land of the Ganda') was the name used by the Arab and Swahili traders on the East African coast to refer to the kingdom of Buganda, deep in the interior of Africa. These traders first arrived in Buganda in the mid-nineteenth century in search of slaves, ivory, as well as other merchandise. When the European colonialists eventually extended their hegemony over Buganda and the surrounding territories at the end of the nineteenth century, they used the swahili term Uganda to refer to the new colony. Today, Uganda is made up of almost 40 different ethnic groups with the Baganda being the largest group at a little under 20% of the total population. Check out this link for more information about Uganda's ethnicities.

76. Demographics Of Uganda - Encyclopedia Article About Demographics Of Uganda. Free 16%, indigenous beliefs 18 and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), ganda or Luganda Swahili is the mother tongue of the Swahili people who inhabit a http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Demographics of Uganda

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Demographics of Uganda Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Africans of three main ethnic groups Bantu The Bantu refer to over 400 different Ethnic groups in Africa, from Cameroon to South Africa, united by a common language family, the Bantu language, and in many cases common customs. Black South Africans were at times officially called "Bantus" by the apartheid regime. History When Jan van Riebeeck went around the coast of South Africa in 1652, very few Bantu were found there. Click the link for more information. Nilotic Nilotic refers to East African tribes originating in sub-Saharan northeast Africa. Included are groups such as the Masai, Kalenjin and Turkana. Many members of these groups have a taller and slimmer stature than the human average. "The Nilotic" is also the name used of a fictional character or creature in Clive Barker's novel Sacrament . The Nilotic was a single, very powerful Click the link for more information. , and Nilo-Hamiticconstitute most of the population. The Bantu are the most numerous and include the Baganda, which, with 18% of the population, constitute the largest single ethnic group. The people of the southwest comprise 30% of the population, divided into five major ethnic groups: the Banyankole and Bahima,10%; the Bakiga, 8%; the Banyarwanda, 6%; the Bunyoro, 3%; and the Batoro, 3%. Residents of the north, largely Nilotic, are the next largest group, including the Langi, 6%, and the Acholi, 4%. In the northwest are the Lugbara, 4%. The Karamojong, 2%, occupy the considerably drier, largely pastoral territory in the northeast.

77. Public Anthropology The first is the indigenous African states that exist result in conflicts between ganda and nonganda. Therefore, people will not come together nor will people http://www.publicanthropology.org/Archive/An(Ca)OS1962.htm

(c) Robert Borofsky (Webmaster, 2004) Codere, Helen. Power in Rwanda . Anthropologica 1962. IV(1): 45-86. Codere argues for an interpretation of power in relation to Rwanda's social and political organization. The article begins with a brief history of the separate origins and existence of Rwanda's three ethnic groups; the Hutu, Tutsi and Twa. Although the Hutu composed the majority of the population in Rwanda, the Tutsi minority were established as the ruling group. The three groups were differentiated in terms of ethnic categories, which helped establish a system of discrimination against the Hutu as a whole. After a brief history of Rwanda, the article argues against the classical interpretation of social and political structure by anthropology. According to the author, the classical interpretation states that Rwanda is a functioning whole that continues in time through its reinforcing institutions and vast web of reciprocities, which benefit and obligate every one of its members. However, in Rwanda's case, society is not seen as a network of reciprocities. Power is centred in one small minority group, which demonstrates that it is not beneficial to all members of society. Next, power in Rwanda is defined as the ability of one individual to inflict harm or deprivation on another. Power relations are seen as the basis of Rwanda's social and political structure and the monopoly of power by the Tutsi minority is presented as the main feature of Rwanda's society. The major form of power relationship is the Vassalage, called Ubuhake in Rwanda. This relationship strongly encouraged the exploitation of the Hutu by the Tutsi. The power relationships in Rwanda show the monopoly of power by the Tutsi, as well as the inequity in power between the Tutsi and Hutu. The revolution in Rwanda that began in 1959 has resulted in shifts for both the Hutu and Tutsi in social relations and access to economic benefits and power.

78. Uganda Travel Products And Acholi, Alur, Chiga, English (UK), Ganda, Gisu, Karam People. Religions Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18 law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), ganda or Luganda http://www.worldlanguage.com/Countries/Uganda.htm

view this site in If you can't find it here, you can't find it anywhere! Home Help Contact Us Privacy ... Checkout Super Bargains Academic Computers / Notebooks Dictionary ESL-English as Second Language Games Gift Items! Handheld Dictionary Karaoke Keyboard Stickers Keyboards Kids Learn Microsoft Office Microsoft Windows Movies/Videos Software - Mac Software - Windows Spell Checking Translation More... Uganda Send this page to a friend! Products One product specific to Uganda is available in one category. Travel Languages 16 languages are spoken in Uganda. We have 197 products available for 15 of those languages. Acholi Alur Chiga English (UK) ... Toro Capital: Kampala Population: Play the National Anthem Geography Location: Eastern Africa, west of Kenya Geographic coordinates: 1 00 N, 32 00 E Map references: Africa Area: total: 236,040 sq km land: 199,710 sq km water: 36,330 sq km Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Oregon Land boundaries: total: 2,698 km border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 765 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km Coastline: km (landlocked) Maritime claims: none (landlocked) Climate: tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast

79. Uganda --  Encyclopædia Britannica The people. Uganda s religious heritage is tripartite indigenous religions, Islam, and of the Christian (both Roman Catholic and Protestant) ganda, soon faced http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=114653&tocid=37606&query=jehovah's witne

80. Uganda Forestry Resources And Institutions Center: Library Resources And Publica as a Traditional Institutional Arrangements in Modern ganda Society. FACE project has planted indigenous trees and the activities of the local people were bark http://www.ufric.co.ug/Publications/publications.html

UFRIC Library resources UFRIC Publications Downloadable publications Full text articles: ... Remote LIBRARY RESOURCES UFRIC Library Indigenous knowledge and institutions : an up-to-date and comprehensive bibliography with over 1000 citations covering the entire globe! Tragedy of the commons bibliography with 266 citations that include theoretical and policy dimensions. IASCP , The International Association of Common Property resources collections of conference papers provide useful references on indigenous knowledge, forestry and common property issues. Other Libraries and databases Journals and newsletters Electronic green journal Is published by the university of Idaho library, is a professional, referred publication devoted to disseminating information concerning sources of international environmental topics including assessment, conservation, devlopment, disposal, education, hazards, pollution of resources, technology and treatment. Indigenous knowledge and development monitor UNASYLVA Forest, trees and people newsletter IUFRO newsletters and announcements ... TOP NEW UFRIC PUBLICATIONS Uganda Journal ofagricultural Sciences, 2001, 6: 1-5 Printed in Uganda ISSN 1026-0919 @ 2001 National agricultural Research Organisation

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