61. Programming Languages (PL) History of programming languages; Brief survey of programming paradigms Procedurallanguages; Objectoriented languages; functional languages; Declarative, non http://www.sigcse.org/cc2001/PL.html

Programming Languages (PL) PL1. Overview of programming languages [core] PL2. Virtual machines [core] PL3. Introduction to language translation [core] PL4. Declarations and types [core] PL5. Abstraction mechanisms [core] PL6. Object-oriented programming [core] PL7. Functional programming [elective] PL8. Language translation systems [elective] PL9. Type systems [elective] PL10. Programming language semantics [elective] PL11. Programming language design [elective] A programming language is a programmer's principal interface with the computer. More than just knowing how to program in a single language, programmers need to understand the different styles of programming promoted by different languages. In their professional life, they will be working with many different languages and styles at once, and will encounter many different languages over the course of their careers. Understanding the variety of programming languages and the design tradeoffs between the different programming paradigms makes it much easier to master new languages quickly. Understanding the pragmatic aspects of programming languages also requires a basic knowledge of programming language translation and runtime features such as storage allocation. PL1. Overview of programming languages

62. Programming Language Categories programming but I still think it would be important to have in mind. It would bea core language which the application, scripting and pure functional languages http://www.cs.oberlin.edu/~jwalker/languageCategories.html

Programming Language Categories There are literally thousands of programming languages in the world and each has its own strengths and weakness. Many are simply for teaching or language research. These languages do not interest or concern me. They are frequently limited and almost useless. There is a certain set of programming fields/categories that I believe are currently distinct enough to have an independent programming language to represent them. Each is however, narrow enough that there is no need for more than one language. Language Role Best Candidate Scripting Programmer's scripting Better Scheme (+OO) Application Development Low-level C/C++ Pure Functional Complete Core Scripting The most basic need of for scripting languages is one which is simple to use because it will be used by those with a minimum of programming knowledge or in situations where cranking out code which does the job is all the matters. An example of where this language might be used by people with more of a programming background is in web scripting. Examples of languages that might fall into this category are PHP, JavaScript, Perl, and Python. VB could also be considered in this family but it is too frequently used for application development today. There is currently no outstanding candidate language for this category. When one is chosen I believe it should bare resemblance to the Application development language but with more bells and whistles to let one crank things out and make it easier.

63. Functional Logic Programming programming paradigms, namely functional programming and logic programming. In comparisonwith pure functional languages, functional logic languages have more http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~mh/FLP/

Functional Logic Programming Functional logic programming aims to amalgamate the most important declarative programming paradigms, namely functional programming and logic programming . In comparison with pure functional languages, functional logic languages have more expressive power due to the availability of features like function inversion, partial data structures, existential variables, and non-deterministic search. In comparison with pure logic languages, functional logic languages have a more efficient operational behavior since functions provide for more efficient evaluation strategies (lazy evaluation, deterministic reductions) than predicates. Early research in this area has been concentrated on the definition and improvement of appropriate execution principles for functional logic languages. In recent years efficient implementations of these execution principles have been developed. You can look into a survey of this area. Languages, Implementations Curry: a proposal for a standard in functional logic programming Mailing list Workshops, Conferences, Journals ... Related subjects Please mail to Michael Hanus if you know relevant information not included here.

64. Implementations Of Functional Logic Languages Mercury Mercury is a logic/functional programming language, which uses a highly optimizedexecution algorithm based on mode, type and determinism declarations. http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~mh/FLP/implementations.html

Functional Logic Programming Languages and Systems There are a many proposals for functional logic languages. However, I have listed only those languages where I know an easily accessible implementation (i.e., by the internet). Additional suggestions are welcome. ALF ALF is a functional logic language whose operational semantics is based on innermost narrowing with normalization. Its implementation is based on an extension of the WAM. Contact: Michael Hanus mh@informatik.uni-kiel.de Babel BABEL is a functional logic language whose operational semantics is based on lazy narrowing and provides some higher-order features. Contact: Herbert Kuchen kuchen@uni-muenster.de Juan Jose Moreno Navarro jjmoreno@fi.upm.es ... Curry Curry is a higher-order concurrent functional logic language whose operational semantics combines an optimal lazy narrowing strategy with residuation for concurrent computations. The development of Curry is an international initiative intended to provide a common platform for research, teaching and application of integrated functional logic languages. Contact: Michael Hanus mh@informatik.uni-kiel.de

65. ICFP Functional Programming Contest processors? Perhaps it s just the case that functional programminglanguages attract better programmers than other languages and http://www.ai.mit.edu/extra/icfp-contest/

ICFP Functional Programming Contest Welcome to the ICFP'98 functional programming contest! Trying out the finalists Matthew Flatt of the Rice PLT group has written a GUI for pousse games. You may play against one of the programs, play against a human, watch two programs play each other, or have it step through a recorded game. Matthew has packaged the system up with the six finalists in one tar file . However, you'll also need to fetch the Mr. Ed Scheme system from Rice to run the GUI. Contest update The winners have been announced. We have also received permission from the authors of the six finalist programs to make their entries available so if you got whupped in round one, or some missing library kept your program from ever turning over, you can replay the tournament in the comfort of your own home. Click on any of the phase-two finalists below to download their entry. The tournament is divided in two phases. Phase one was a full round-robin tournament on a 6x6 board. That is, each entry played every other entry twice: once as X, once as O. More detail is available on these games, including a complete ranking of all the entries.

66. Launchbury: Functional Programming Lazy functional State Threads. John Launchbury and Simon Peyton Jones, ProcACM programming languages Design and Implementation, Orlando, 1994. http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~jl/biblio-functional.html

Bibliography: Functional Programming Monadic State: Axiomatization and Type Safety John Launchbury and Amr Sabry, Submitted to ICFP 97. Type safety of imperative programs is an area fraught with difficulty and requiring great care. The ML solution to the problem, originally involving imperative type variables, has recently been simplified to the syntactic-value restriction. In Haskell, the problem is addressed in a rather different way using explicit monadic state. We present an operational semantics for state in Haskell and the first full proof of type safety. We demonstrate that the semantic notion of value provided by the explicit monadic types is sufficient to avoid any problems with generalization. Parametricity and Unboxing with Unpointed Types John Launchbury and Ross Paterson, Proc European Symposium on Programming, Linkoping, 1996. In lazy functional languages, bottom is typically an element of every type. While such "pointedness" provides great flexibility, it also comes at a cost. In this paper we explore the consequences of allowing unpointed types in a lazy functional language like Haskell. We use the type (and class) system to keep track of pointedness (and hence recursion also), and show the consequences for parametricity and for controlling evaluation order and unboxing. Warm Fusion: Deriving Build-Catas from Recursive Definitions John Launchbury and Tim Sheard, Proc ACM Functional Programming and Computer Architecture, 1995.

67. A BRIEF SURVEY OF FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES A Brief Survey of functional programming languages. This is the first real functional programming language. See McCarthy s own History of Lisp. http://www.idt.mdh.se/kurser/cd5100/ht02/history.html

Latest update August 13, 2002 To avoid spam, all mail addresses on this page have the ""@ replaced by "#". A Brief Survey of Functional Programming Languages : we make no claims whatever that this page is complete or even correct in all regards. It is simply a compilation of notes, links, and other information that I have gathered, for the purpose of providing my functional programming students with some historical context. Please mail reports on any bugs you find! Theoretical roots Functional programming draws heavily from the Lambda Calculus. The Lambda Calculus is really a branch of logic, developed in the 20's and 30's. It was developed by logicians who wanted to explore how to define functions formally and how to use this formalism as a foundation for mathematics. The Lambda Calculus is an extremely simple formal language of functions. It is surprisingly powerful - much of mathematics can be defined in it! The first developments were by Schönfinkel (1924), and Curry (1930): they defined a variation called combinatory logic. Church (1932/1933) then defined the first version of the actual Lambda Calculus. These early logicians had no intention to define any programming languages. (There weren't even any computers then!) Some Historical and Current Functional Languages Much later, functional programming was invented. McCarthy defined the first versions of LISP around 1960. This is the first "real" functional programming language. See McCarthy's own

68. Advanced Functional Languages to know some functional programming beforehand. Similarly, it is an advantage butnot required to have knowledge of formal semantics for programming languages. http://www.idt.mdh.se/phd/courses/haskell/

Latest update Sep 7, 2000 To avoid spam, all mail addresses on this page have the ""@ replaced by "#". Advanced Functional Languages Fall 2000 (and onwards) Introduction Advanced Functional Languages is a 5 cu Ph.D. level course at the Dept. of Computer Engineering (IDt) Mälardalen University . The course leader is Björn Lisper , e-mail bjorn.lisper#mdh.se , phone 021-151709. The topic of this course is, more concretely, Haskell . This is a purely functional language with such features as higher order functions, lazy evaluation, an advanced type system, and features to include state and explicit sequencing without violating the pure functional semantics. Motivation Why do I bother to give a course on this topic? One reason is that languages in this class are powerful programming tools for applications which include symbolic computing and require elaborate, dynamic data structures: examples are compilers and program analysis tools. Another reason is that functional programs expose all the inherent parallelism in the implemented algorithm: thus, they are good for specifying computational tasks which may be implemented with a certain degree of parallelism. A third reason is their

69. CS 613 Design And Implementation Of Functional Programming CS 613 Design and Implementation of functional programming languages. Instructor Amitabha Sanyal. Welcome to the course on functional programming languages. http://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~as/fpcourse/fpcourse.html

CS 613: Design and Implementation of Functional Programming Languages Instructor : Amitabha Sanyal That's me, in xfig Last updated on: 21st July 2003. Outline of Lectures 1, 2 and 3 The first quiz The midsemester examination paper and its solution The second quiz and and its solution The endsemester examination paper and its solution Your performance in the endsemester. Announcements The first assignment is on the newsgroup iitb.courses.cs613 The second programming assignment is here. Submission is during the November 15-16 weekend. Your performance in the course. Introduction Welcome to the course on Functional Programming Languages. I shall use this page to: indicate related resources on the web post reading assignments post homework post answers to questions asked in tutorials, and exams. Course Contents Motivation A real world application of functional programming - software prototyping. Why functional programming matters? Guided Tour of Haskell, illustrating the following concepts: Functions as first class objects Referential Transparency Laziness Data types and pattern matching Types Classes and overloading Side effect free IO Lambda Calculus Syntax of Lambda terms Alpha, beta and delta conversions

70. :: Ez2Find :: Functional URL http//www.research.avayalabs.com/user/wadler/realworld/; functional ProgrammingLanguages in Education Site Info - Translate - Open New Window A http://ez2find.com/cgi-bin/directory/meta/search.pl/Computers/Programming/Langua

Guide : Functional Global Metasearch Any Language English Afrikaans Arabic Bahasa Melayu Belarusian Bulgarian Catala Chinese Simplified Chinese Traditional Cymraeg Czech Dansk Deutsch Eesti Espanol Euskara Faroese Francais Frysk Galego Greek Hebrew Hrvatski Indonesia Islenska Italiano Japanese Korean Latvian Lietuviu Lingua Latina Magyar Netherlands Norsk Polska Portugues Romana Russian Shqip Slovensko Slovensky Srpski Suomi Svenska Thai Turkce Ukrainian Vietnamese Mode All Words Any Word Phrase Results Timeout Depth Adult Filter Add to Favorites Other Search Web News Newsgroups Images Guides Functional ez2Find Home Directory Computers Programming ... Languages : Functional Aleph BETA Caml Clean ... Spreadsheets Related Categories Computers: Programming: Languages: APL Computers: Programming: Languages: Dataflow Computers: Programming: Languages: Declarative Computers: Programming: Languages: Garbage Collected ... Computers: Programming: Languages: Multiparadigm Web Sites The Abyss of Functional Language [Site Info] [Translate] [Open New Window] a collection of links relating to FP URL: http://compiler.kaist.ac.kr/~khchoi/fp.html Aldor [Site Info] [Translate] [Open New Window] Functional language in which types are first class values. Normal functions returning types reproduce the features of template classes of other languages. Links to many projects around the world based on Aldor.

71. Functional Domain-Specific Languages functional languages meet these requirements well. We would like to see more useof functional programming languages and concepts in the design of dsl s. http://www-sal.cs.uiuc.edu/~kamin/dslresearch.html

Domain-Specific Languages Domain-specific, or special-purpose, languages are designed for convenience in a narrow range of applications. They are generally assumed to be used primarily for very small programs (hence the name "mini-languages") and, in many cases, are intended for use by non-programmers (hence, "end-user languages"). In most cases, efficiency is not a major concern, and user convenience and conciseness is paramount. Functional languages meet these requirements well. We would like to see more use of functional programming languages and concepts in the design of dsl's. Functional languages are marvelously concise, but also have powerful abstractions that allow programs to "scale up" to larger sizes; this addresses what is probably the most serious shortcoming of many dsl's, that they are very poor for programming any but very small programs. We believe also that it is not too much to anticipate the possibility of language standardization of some kind. It is not clear that there need to be so many different languages; surely, they have a great deal in common, and they might well share much more, including much syntax. To promote this outcome, we are working in several directions.

72. CS252r-Advanced Functional Programming preferably statically typed. CS 152 (programming languages) coversfunctional programming at a suitable level. Students without 152 http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~nr/cs252r/

CS252r-Advanced Functional Programming Fall 2003 Time and Place: WF 2:30-4:30, Maxwell Dworkin 319 Email: cs252r@eecs.harvard.edu Home page: http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~nr/cs252r/ Instructor: Norman Ramsey , Maxwell Dworkin 231 Teaching Fellow: Chung-Chieh (Ken) Shan , Maxwell Dworkin 221 CS 252r will study advanced techniques in functional programming, with two ends in mind: To learn the best techniques used by functional programmers, so you can use them in your work. To get a feel for some research questions at the frontiers of functional programming. We will emphasize lazy functional languages such as Haskell ; eager languages get adequate coverage in the undergraduate curriculum. We will also touch on topics in modules systems, which should be relevant to both lazy and eager languages. CS 252r will be run as a seminar; participants will meet twice weekly to discuss papers . Each meeting will last two hours . (We get Harvard to accept this by calling the meeting one and a half hours of class and a half hour of section.) We will also spend some time presenting and discussing code written in functional languages; we will

73. Parallel And Distributed Computing Practices: Vol. 3 No. 4: Editorial functional languages represent a programming style substantially different fromthe imperative programming style that has always been the standard for http://www.cs.okstate.edu/~pdcp/vols/vol03/vol03no4editorial.html

Editorial DO FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGES HAVE A REAL FUTURE IN SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING? It could be said that the year 2000 marks the fortieth birthday of the functional programming paradigm. It was in 1960, only a few years after the advent of FORTRAN, that John McCarthy [J. McCarthy, Recursive functions of symbolic expressions and their computation by machine, Comm. ACM 3(4), 1960] published a definition of what was the first computer implemented functional language, LISP. What is the state of health of the functional programming paradigm forty years later? How have functional languages fared as languages for applications, especially in parallel computing? Since their inception, functional languages have been advocated to solve a variety of ills that have beset more traditional languages. These include the inadequacy of traditional languages in helping solve the "software crisis," the difficulties of defining the semantics of these languages, and their inadequacies for parallel computation. How have functional languages fared in solving these problems? The software crisis, which continues even today, was first identified in the 1960's when it was realized that the development of software was not keeping pace with the development of hardware. Software developers have not been sufficiently productive to keep up with the demands presented by new architectures. The cost of software development has exceeded that of hardware development.

74. Claus Reinke 's Bookmarks: Functional Programming IFIP). ICFP is devoted to the design, analysis, implementation, andapplication of functional programming languages. languages of http://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/people/staff/cr3/FP/

Functional Programming (a word of warning: this page is here for purely historical reasons, and because so many sites still link to it..; it was last updated in 1999) This page is generated from the functional programming part of my bookmarks. To make it more useful for you, I have added short descriptions to the links (copied from the original sources where this was possible, so please don't blame me for the contents;-). If you know of any URLs related to functional programming, but not mentioned here, or if you find any errors, please send me an email (please start the subject line with FP). It is nice to see that more and more people find this collection useful. This also means that if you have information on functional programming on the web, you should try to make sure that your pages are reachable via this collection , and that any information included here is correct and up-to-date. What does reachable mean? Well, just imagine you were someone else looking for information about your project/software/etc. in this collection. Keeping the material here up to date : please don't rely on me picking all the links from comp.lang.functional, and searching for some short descriptions. I happen to read news less frequently these days and may thus miss announcements made only there.

75. Citations PFL A Functional Language For Parallel Programming Our choice of high level language features leads to a programming style similarto that found in functional languages with channel based concurrency such as http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/context/32892/0

76. What Is A Purely Functional Language? - Sabry (ResearchIndex) functional programming languages are informally classified into pureand impure languages. The precise meaning of this distinction http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/sabry98what.html

77. Charming Python: Functional Programming In Python, Part 1 would roughly characterize functional programming as having at least several of thefollowing characteristics. languages that get called functional make these http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-prog.html

var title = "Charming Python: Functional programming in Python, Part 1"; var forumURL = ""; var contentAreaList = "linux"; var emailAbstract = "Although users usually think of Python as a procedural and object-oriented language, it actually contains everything you need for a completely functional approach to programming. This article discusses general concepts of functional programming, and illustrates ways of implementing functional techniques in Python."; var demoURL = ""; Search for: within All of dW eServer Lotus Rational Tivoli WebSphere Autonomic computing Grid computing Java technology Linux Open source Web arch. Web services Wireless XML dW forums dW Subscription alphaWorks All of IBM Search help IBM home My account developerWorks ... Linux Charming Python: Functional programming in Python, Part 1 Contents: Inherent Python functional capabilities Eliminating flow control statements Functions as first class objects Functional looping in Python ... Rate this article Related content: All Charming Python columns Functional programming in Python, Part 2 Charming Python: Getting version 2.0 Subscriptions: dW newsletters dW Subscription (CDs and downloads) Making more out of your favorite scripting language David Mertz, Ph.D.

78. Slashdot | Learning Functional Programming Through Multimedia In his review, Cooke presented an overview of some available functionalprogramming languages, such as OCaml, SML, and of course Haskell. http://books.slashdot.org/books/04/03/12/221232.shtml?tid=126&tid=156&tid=188&ti

79. ICFP Programming Contest programs? Perhaps it s just the case that functional programming languagesattract better programmers than other languages and http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~jks6b/icfp/

1999 ICFP Programming Contest The contest is over, and the Judges have posted final results Final results will be made public at the awards presentations , at ICFP on Tuesday, September 28, at 12:14 PM local (French) time, and not before . The results will be posted to the web site sometime thereafter. The contest Convinced your favorite functional programming language provides unbeatable productivity? Do functional languages lead to better and faster programs? Perhaps it's just the case that functional programming languages attract better programmers than other languages... and you and your friends are the best of the best. If so, we've provided you the opportunity to prove it! We are pleased to announce the 1999 ICFP Programming Contest to be held in conjunction with ICFP'99 . All programmers are invited to enter the contest, either individually or in teams; we especially encourage students to enter. We've designed the programming contest for direct, head-to-head comparison of language technology and programming skill. We have a range of prizes for the winners: cash awards, famous texts on functional languages donated and autographed by the authors, and, of course, unlimited bragging rights.

80. On Functional Languages For Symbolic Programming a topic from sci.math.symbolic on functional languages for symbolic programming.post a message on this topic post a message on a new topic http://mathforum.org/epigone/sci.math.symbolic/lixdruntwim

a topic from sci.math.symbolic on functional languages for symbolic programming post a message on this topic post a message on a new topic 14 Apr 2004 on functional languages for symbolic programming , by steve_H 14 Apr 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by Richard Fateman 14 Apr 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by David Klein 14 Apr 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by steve_H 11 May 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by richard j. gaylord 11 May 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by Richard Fateman 11 May 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by Albert Reiner 12 May 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by Richard Fateman 11 May 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by richard j. gaylord 12 May 2004 Re: on functional languages for symbolic programming , by Robert H. Lewis The Math Forum

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