81. In The Beginning with the first expedition of martin frobisher (see map Three failed attempts by frobisherspawned the voyages of Radisson began fur trading in new France, which http://www.hbc.com/hbc/e_hi/historic_hbc/beginning.htm

The Nonsuch Arrives in England, 1669 by Norman Wilkinson. Hudson's Bay Company Archives (HBCA) One of the main reasons for the continued exploration of the New World was the search for the North West Passage. Europeans wanted an easier sailing route to the Orient. And the Strait of Magellan, at the southern tip of South America, was over six thousand miles out of the way. The quest for the North West Passage began in earnest in 1576 with the first expedition of Martin Frobisher (see map) . Three failed attempts by Frobisher spawned the voyages of the English captain, Henry Hudson, one of the most important explorers in Canadian history. His was the first ship to successfully navigate the waters of the Hudson River, which now bears his name. After returning to England he was commissioned in 1610 by a syndicate of English courtiers to try and chart the illusive North West Passage. During this, his final voyage, he would discover what is now known as Hudson Bay (see map) . However, after a long hard winter stranded in the ice his crew mutinied. They set him adrift with his young son and some faithful crew members. They were never seen again.

82. ReferenceResources:FamousExplorers Gilbert, James Cook , Francis Drake, martin frobisher, John Franklin Geographic Highlightssome of the world s preeminent explorers and scientists. http://www.kidinfo.com/American_History/Explorers.html

Reference Resources: Famous Explorers Explorer Sites A Treasure Trove of North American Exploration Accounts of European voyages and explorations to North America, from Columbus's Atlantic crossing in 1492 to the famous trip through the Northwest Passage by Roald Amundsen in 1905. Alphabetical Navigation permits browsing by explorers' names Discovery and Exploration Maps from the Library of Congress Documents the discovery and exploration of the Americas with both manuscripts and published maps. Many of these maps reflect the European Age of Discoveries, dating from the late 15th century to the 17th century when Europeans were concerned primarily with determining the outline of the continents as they explored and mapped the coastal areas and the major waterways. Also included are 18th and 19th century maps documenting the exploration and mapping of the interior parts of the continents, reflecting the work of Lewis and Clark and subsequent government explorers and surveyors. SEARCHABLE by Keyword or Creator Index

83. Discoverers Web: Primary Sources to the history of exploration, otherwise than by Archaeology at Santa Elana MartinFrobisher Archaeological features Decades of the new world (extract) Visit http://www.win.tue.nl/cs/fm/engels/discovery/primary.html

Primary sources On this page are primary sources on voyages of discovery that can be found on the web. Primary sources are the texts the travellers themselves wrote on their voyages. Of course these sources are of utmost importance when studying the history of exploration. There is also a part on secondary sources , that is, sources that were written by others than the voyagers themselves, either based on information directly from the voyagers themselves, or on primary sources, which in some cases might be lost afterwards. Sir Samuel White Baker: The Nile tributaries of Abyssinia, and the sword hunters of the Hamran arabs Sir Joseph Banks: Collected papers Captain Wm. Becknell: Letters Gertrude Lothian Bell: The Gertrude Bell Project - all her diaries and letters Vitus Bering: Report to the Admiralty Board Luys Hernandez de Biedma: Relacion de la Isla de la Florida (about the expedition of De Soto) Daniel Boone: The Adventures of Colonel Daniel Boon, Formerly A Hunter; Containing a Narrative of the Wars of Kentucky Henry Mary Brackenridge: Journal of a Voyage up the Missouri River in 1811 John Bradbury: Travels in the Interior of America William Bradford: Collection of letters Patrick Breen: Diary (member of the Donner Party) Edwin Bryant: What I saw in California Richard Byrd: Alone - with some other resources on the voyages of Narvaez and De Vaca Adventures in the Unknown Interior of America (idem) Julius Caesar: De bello gallico Robert Campbell: Various letters Robert Campbell: Narrative (written down by William Fayel)

84. Discoverers Web - Major Links and englishmen The Nunavut voyages of martin frobisher Information on frobisher svoyages, emphasis on The Virtual Museum of newFrance Explorers http://www.win.tue.nl/~engels/discovery/large.html

Major links Discoverers Web Link collector, with some own pages as well, on voyages of discovery and exploration. The page you are reading is part of this site. Society for the History of Discoveries A society to stimulate interest in teaching about, research on and publishing about the history of geographical exploration. Mercator's World Magazine on cartography and exploration. A number of articles from back issues is available. ThinkQuest: Discovering New Horizons Biographies, other information and teaching materials Yahoo! The page on exploration in the world's most famous internet guide The Hakluyt Society Organization for the publication of re-editions and translations of travel reports from explorers. Silkroad Foundation Homepage The history of the world's most legendary trade route The Age of Exploration Curriculum Guide Maritime discovery from the first beginning till James Cook. From the Mariers' museum. Computerized Information Retrieval System on Columbus and the Age of Discovery Very extensive gopher-site with articles on Columbus and the Age of Discovery, as well as other information and links.

85. Civilization.ca - Voyages Of Martin Frobisher - Legacies Of The Voyages to the cartography of that part of the world. as that of the English had taken a newturning, although martin frobisher s Gold Mine (video) http//cmm.onf.ca/E http://www.civilization.ca/hist/frobisher/frleg01e.html

QUICK LINKS Home page Archaeology Arts and Crafts Civilizations Cultures First Peoples History Treasures Military history Artifact catalogue Library catalogue Other Web sites Boutique robisher's Arctic expeditions have long been accounted an historical dead-end. Yet there were a number of respects in which they were significant for the future of North America, Britain, and Nunavut. They mark a beginning for the English preoccupation with finding a northwest passage, which led to the discovery and exploitation of the Hudson Bay area. Even as Frobisher's mission was being diverted from exploration into mining, Francis Drake was being allowed to see if he could find the Pacific end of such a passage. The passage proved an elusive goal for centuries From the perspective of the history of exploration, the 1576 voyage During the 1576 visit of the Gabriel to Frobisher Bay, the ship's boat prepares to carry five sailors ashore. Watercolour by Gordon Miller By contrast, the 1578 voyage was part of a larger industrial enterprise, which also produced the most extensive smelting works built in England up to that time. It was a very challenging undertaking to organize, outfit, and hold together the

86. HighBeam Research: ELibrary Search: Results Molitor new York, 44; H. Rodriguez, Montreal, 42 Spanish Augustine,FL 1576 Sir martin frobisher English frobisher 14. SPORTS http://www.highbeam.com/library/search.asp?FN=AO&refid=ency_refd&search_almanacs

87. Introduction To US Survey: Frobisher And The Beechers martin frobisher, 15391594 one of the few English, Elizabethan new Worldexplorers. - Yorkshire, English gentry family; African voyage at age 14. http://intranet.rutgers.edu/~clemens/introdv1.html

Introduction: Development of the United States, to 1865 Note: the introduction presents themes we will pursue in the course by briefly considering the lives of several individuals. Martin Frobisher, 1539-1594 one of the few English, Elizabethan New World explorers - Yorkshire, English gentry family; African voyage at age 14 - three voyages to Nova Scotia/Newfoundland between 1576-78 in search of Northwest passage and gold - (1) first voyage: captured an Eskimo (2) second voyage: larger expedition, war with Eskimos, capture many, takes back 200 tons of "gold" (3) third voyage: 1350 tons of fool's gold; left behind a stone house filled with gifts for Indians - 1585 sailed with Drake against Spanish Caribbean; 1594 dies in attack on Brest themes: uncertainty about New World England's feeble effort compared to Spain (Cortes, Pizarro) pervasive, mutual cultural misconceptions between English and Native Americans trade not conversion the goal Beecher Family, early mid 19th century middle class reformers

88. Rob Ossian's Pirate's Cove Commanding an expedition to the new world with three English Naval vessels, MartinFrobisher explored some of the coast of Labrador and Baffin Island in 1576 http://www.geocities.com/Athens/7012/frobisher.html

Martin Frobisher The First English explorer to attempt to find a northwest passage to India. Voyaged to the African coast in 1533 and 1554, and later preyed on French ships in the English Channel during the 1560’s Born: c. 1535 Died: 1594 Commanding an expedition to the New World with three English Naval vessels, Martin Frobisher explored some of the coast of Labrador and Baffin Island in 1576 and discovered the bay that now bears his name. Hew returned to England with ships filled with ore, with reports that there may be gold mines waiting in the New World. Hoping that Frobisher Bay was a link to the Northwest Passage and that gold would be found there, new supporter joined with Frobisher’s original backers and Queen Elizabeth to fund expeditions in 1577 and 1578. On these trips, Frobisher visited Greenland and Baffin Island, including Frobisher Bay, and attempted to found a colony there. While the mining attempts on these expeditions proved unfruitful and Frobisher’s reputation subsequently declined, his favor with the Queen still remained positive. In 1585, Frobisher served as the Vice Admiral in Sir Francis Drake’s expedition to the West Indies. His valor during the defeat of the Spanish Armada won him a knighthood in 1588. He later commanded a fleet to the Spanish coast under Sir Walter Raleigh, and in 1594 was mortally wounded while fighting a Spanish force on the western coast of France. Due to his courage, leadership, success as a military commander, Frobisher was considered one of the ablest seaman of his time.

89. Events In Maritime History Darwin, Charles, Voyage Around world, 183136 323 de Quiras, Pedro, Discovery ofNew Hebrides, 1606 12 Austria-Hungary 2027-28 frobisher, martin, Search for http://www.shipsonstamps.org/WP/Vol_1_20 Index/5_History.html

Watercraft Philately Volumes 1 - 20 SECTION 5 EVENTS IN MARITIME HISTORY WARS American Revolution 8:6,19-20; 9:5; 12:25-26 Argentinian War for Independence 20:37 Civil War (Spain), 1936-39 7:20-21; 11:9-10 Civil War (U.S.) 6:11-12 Crimean War 8:11 Indo-Pakistan War 20:5 Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 10:11-12; 11:2; 17:25-28; 18:16 Spanish-American War, 1898 7:19-20 War of the Pacific, 1879-83 11:20-22; 18:24 World War I 4:19-20; 5:25-26; 14:43-45; 17:4-5; 20:45 World War II 5:1-2,9,25-26; 6:7-8,27-28; 8:36; 9:15; 10:11-12,15-16,19,26,31; 12:29-30; 14:22,24; 19:35 see also specific battles by name BATTLES Aden, Capture of, 1839 13:19-21 Bay of Pigs, Cuba, 1961 20:52 Cape Matapan, 1717 15:36 Coral Sea, 1942 14:19 Curacao, Capture by Dutch, 1634 11:13-14 Dardenelles 20:45 Downs, 1639 12:35-36 Dynekilen, 1716 16:28 El Callao 11:9 Falkland Islands, 1915 11:31-33 Femern, 1644 14:39 Iles des Saintes, 1782 17:8,48; 18:33 Java Sea, 1942 4:23; 6:31

90. English Books > Geography > Geographical Discovery & Exploration > Index > World America Early Maps of the new world. Hardback; Code BE Arctic Voyages of MartinFrobisher. McGhee, Robert; Hardback; Code The First Round-The-world Flight. Glines http://www.worldretailstore.com/index/BE-RGR.html

English Books Index 125 Years of Expedition and Discovery with the American Museum of Natural History 1995 Calendar Calendar; Code: BE-0810976811 1492: Discovery, Invasion, Encounter Lunenfeld, Marvin; Paperback; Code: BE-066921115X 29 Missing: The True And Tragic Story Of The Disappearance Of The SS Edmund Fitzgerald Kantar, Andrew; Paperback; Code: BE-0870134469 AA Journeys of the Great Explorers Burton, Rosemary; Cavendish, Richard; Stonehouse, Bernard; Hardback; Code: BE-0749531894 Account of Timbuctoo and Housa Territories in the Interior of Africa by El Hage Abd Salam Shabeeny Hardback; Code: BE-0714610542 Across the Top of the World Delgado, James P. (Executive Director, Vancouver Maritime Mu; Hardback; Code: BE-0714127353 Across The Top Of The World: The Quest For The Northwest Passage Delgado, James P.; Hardcover; Code: BE-0816041245 Acts Of Discovery: Visions Of America In The Lewis And Clark Journals Furtwangler, Albert; Paperback; Code: BE-0252063066 Admiral Of The Ocean Sea: A Life Of Christopher Columbus Morison, Samuel Eliot; Paperback; Code: BE-0316584789 Admiral Of The Ocean Sea: A Life Of Christopher Columbus Morison, Samuel Eliot; Illustrator Raisz, Erwin; Hardcover; Code: BE-1567311431

91. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Sir Francis Drake : Circumnavigation Of The World (Explo Category Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors. In Dec., 1577, he set out withfive ships to raid Spanish holdings on the Pacific coast of the new world. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/D/Drake-Si-circumnavigation-of-the-wo

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 09, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors ... Sir Francis Drake By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z D Sir Francis Drake, Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors Related Category: Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors In Dec., 1577, he set out with five ships to raid Spanish holdings on the Pacific coast of the New World. He abandoned two ships in the RIo de la Plata in South America, and, with the remaining three, navigated the Straits of Magellan, the first Englishman to make the passage. A storm drove them far southward; one ship and its crew were destroyed, and another, separated from Drake's vessel, returned to England. Drake continued alone in the Golden Hind up the coast of South America, plundered Valparaiso and smaller settlements, cut loose the shipping at Callao, and captured a rich Spanish treasure ship. Armed now with Spanish charts, he continued north along the coast, looking for a possible passage to the Atlantic, feeling it would be unsafe to retrace his course. Sailing possibly as far north as the present state of Washington with no success, he determined to cross the Pacific. He returned to San Francisco Bay to repair and provision his ship. He named the region New Albion and took possession of it in the name of Queen Elizabeth I. Then, crossing the Pacific, he visited the Moluccas, Sulawesi, and Java, rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and arrived at Plymouth on Sept. 26, 1580, bearing treasure of extremely high value. Elizabeth endeavored for a time to justify Drake's conduct to Spain, but, failing to satisfy the Spanish, she finally abandoned all pretense and openly recognized Drake's exploits by knighting him aboard the

92. Holtzbrinck Academic Marketing http://www.holtzbrinckpublishers.com/academic/book/BookDisplay.asp?BookKey=53786

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