61. Boeing Energy Systems: Clean Fossil Energy Power Plants will generate electricity from fossil fuels at competitive will utilizeabundant and inexpensive fuels, such as coal and petroleum coke, as http://www.boeing.com/assocproducts/energy/fossilfuels.html

Clean Fossil Energy Our Vision - "A future of clean fossil energy". Energy from abundant fossil fuels that is both affordable and clean, without emissions or greenhouse gases. With over 50 years experience as the leader of rocket engine performance in its Rocketdyne division, the Boeing Company possesses world leading capabilities in combustion devices and rotating machinery designed to operate in severe environmental conditions. We are currently applying these capabilities to the power generation and fossil fuel production markets, in partnerships with industry leaders, to solve some of the toughest performance problems facing these customers. Specific market applications include: Gas Turbine Gas Turbines - Advanced components for gas turbines that will increase turbine reliability and efficiency and eliminate emissions. Our first product moves into production in early 2002. Gasifiers - Advanced gasifier designs to improve the performance of gasification plants to enable the clean production of electricity, hydrogen and other valuable byproducts from coal, combustible wastes and gas-to-liquids.

62. Cleaner Fossil Fuels Systems Cleaner fossil fuels Systems. Committee Membership. Ismail K. ElDin Abdo,Egyptian petroleum Research Institute. Galal Osman, Mansoura University. http://www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/wec_info/work_programme2004/tech/cffs/com_me

Cleaner Fossil Fuels Systems Committee Membership Contact Details Agenda and Minutes Reports Information Resources Global Coal Study ... Listing of all current work programme items Cleaner Fossil Fuels Systems Committee Membership Chair: Barbara McKee (US Department of Energy) WEC: Australia Andrew Lloyd Rio Tinto Ltd Brazil Cesar de Faria Copelmi Mineraçao S.A. Cameroon Michel Claude Lokolo Ministry of Mines, Water and Energy Tarh Tongabiang Zaccheus Ministry of Mines, Water and Energy Canada Jim Burpee Ontario Power Generation Chile Erik Saphores GASCO S.A. China Bai Ran China National Coal Association (CNCA) Egypt Emad El-Sharkawi Ismail K. El-Din Abdo Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Galal Osman Mansoura University France Jean-Romain Frisch Germany Karl Friedrich Jakob RAG Coal International AG India S.L. Kapur National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd Ireland Kieran O'Brien Electricity Supply Board Israel Zvi S. Rome Petco International Ltd. Italy Sergio Garribba Ministry of Productive Activities Japan Akira Kinoshita Planning Management Group Inc. Jordan Hisham Al-Khatib World Energy Council Ali A. Attiga

63. Power Technologies Data Book - Data Tables of fossil fuels by Electric Generators 1. 1980, 1990, 2000, 2001, 2010, 2020, 2025.Coal (million short tons) 2, 569, 780, 983, 964, 1,123, 1,263, 1,350. petroleum(million http://www.nrel.gov/analysis/power_databook/tables.asp?chapter=1&table=3

64. SRI: PSD's Fuels Research Research SRI International is engaged in wideranging research programs dealingwith various fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, petroleum, and shale. http://www.sri.com/psd/research/fuel.html

Search: PSD only PSD Programs Staff Research Area Index Fuels Research Facilities Fuels Research SRI International is engaged in wide-ranging research programs dealing with various fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, petroleum, and shale. These research programs encompass upgrading, pyrolysis, combustion, gasification, catalyst development, NOx reduction, modeling, and even business aspects. SRI has developed two unique facilicities for testing the pyrolysis and gasification of coals under pressure . In these systems an entrained stream of coal particles is directed inside a quartz tube along the axis of a graphite cylinder inductively heated to 1850 K. The primary products of coal devolatilization are immediately quenched by the relatively cold gas, which does not absorb the radiation. The yields of tars and chars are determined gravimetrically and the gases are analyzed by a battery of on-line instruments. By varying the flow rate of the entrainment gas, we can vary the nominal residence time and thereby the extent of devolatilization from its onset through the release of ultimate, asymptotic yields. This facility can also be used for testing the pyrolysis of other fuels such as petroleum coke, biomass, and refuse-derived fuels.

65. Energy Today, and for the next 2030 years, the dominant sources of deliverable energy arethe fossil fuels (petroleum, coal, natural gas, oil shale, and tar sands). http://energy.che.uc.edu/

Energy and Environment Group Perhaps one of the greatest dilemmas facing the world is the problem of how to provide society with sufficient useable energy to maintain a healthy economic base, and at the same time, to do so in an environmentally acceptable fashion. Today, and for the next 20-30 years, the dominant sources of deliverable energy are the fossil fuels (petroleum, coal, natural gas, oil shale, and tar sands). In the United States, currently, we derive about 85-90% of our energy from the fossil fuels. However, combustion of these fuels can lead to the formation of acid rain, and all yield CO , a leading culprit in the "greenhouse effect". If we look to the other fossil fuels to fill the gap, then we find that coal is certainly the most abundant resource. It would be inconceivable that we would ignore this source of energy, specially in the absence of real, deliverable alternatives. On a local note, we are all aware that Ohio s most abundant indigenous fuel is coal. Likewise, we are also cognizant that coal combustion can cause serious air-quality problems if not dealt with properly. The majority of the coal research being conducted at UC is aimed specifically at addressing the problems of SOx and NOx in coal utilization. The role of the Advanced Fossil Fuel Research Institute is to expand greatly that effort into some of the other, important issues facing the use of coal, and the other fossil fuels. The institute is interdisciplinary in nature with faculty members from Chemical Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Aerospace Engineering. The Center recently received several research awards from the Ohio Coal Development Office, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Department of Energy. In Chemical Engineering, the faculty members involved are Professors

66. Grade Eight Science - Energy Resources In Saskatchewan the formation and extraction of the mineral resources coal, natural gas, and petroleum. thatthe search for, extraction of, and refining of fossil fuels has on http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/midlsci/gr8udmsc.html

Science 8 Energy Resources in Saskatchewan Unit overview The definition of resources can be narrow or broad. It may include only what is extracted from the earth for the economic benefit of humans or what supports and enhances all forms and aspects of life. The broader definition is the guiding principle for the conservation emphasis in Middle Level science. In this unit however, students consider three primary energy resources which are extracted and used in Saskatchewan. This unit has strong connections to the grade 7 optional unit Resource Use Coal is mined across a large area of southern Saskatchewan. The lignite coal which is produced is used primarily as a heat source in the production of electricity. Along with the formation, extraction, and distribution of coal, the production, distribution, use, and conservation of electricity is considered. Saskatchewan is a major natural gas producer. Since the predominant use of natural gas is for space heating, students will examine the construction of, and design of, energy efficient buildings. This topic offers teachers and students who are interested a chance to explore the topic of heat flows. Much of the petroleum produced in Saskatchewan is classified as heavy crude oil. What is heavy crude? How does it differ from light and medium grades of crude oil? How does the production of ethanol in Saskatchewan supplement gasoline as a fuel for internal combustion engines? What conservation measures can be effective for conserving petroleum?

67. Ethanol Facts Cons As with all other fossil fuels, petroleum exists in finite supply, and worldoil demand is following a trajectory that may outpace existing stocks in the http://www.cecarf.org/Programs/Fuels/Fuelfacts/FossilFuelFacts.html

Home About CECA Programs Publications ... Fuel Facts Fuels Program Contact Person: Davis Bookhart Email: dbookhart@cecarf.org Phone: 202-659-0404 Fossil Fuels Facts FOSSIL FUELS Q: What are fossil fuels? A: Coal and petroleum and their derivatives are known as "fossil fuels" because they were formed from the decomposition of organic compounds (dead bodies of plants and animals) during the carboniferous period, 280 to 345 million years ago. High heat and pressure from the Earth's core caused the decaying matter to turn first into a spongy-textured substance called peat and then into either a hard, carbon-rich rock (coal) or a liquid (petroleum). Natural Gas Q: What is natural gas? A: Natural gas is a very light fuel within the continuum of distillates: it is a mixture of hydrocarbons, mainly methane (CH ). Other gases in the mix typically include ethane and propane (also hydrocarbons), as well as nitrogen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide. Natural gas is used as fuel in the form of a gas but can be compressed into compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG) for transporting over long distances. In its gaseous form, natural gas is commonly transmitted through pipelines. Natural gas is used in the transportation, industrial, commercial, and residential sectors. It can be used for tasks such as cooking and residential heating or as a fuel to produce electricity.

68. The Growing Abundance Of Fossil Fuels The most promising unconventional fossil fuel today is orimulsion, a tarlike substancethat can be burned to make electricity or refined into petroleum. http://www.fee.org/vnews.php?nid=4475

69. EcoWorld - Energy Overview A Review of Energy Sources fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum andnatural gas provide over 80% of the energy produced commercially. http://www.ecoworld.org/energy/EcoWorld_Energy_Overview1.cfm

Home Nature Articles Projects ... Register! Energy Sections Energy Home Energy Overview Calif Energy Crisis Photovoltaics ... Green Vehicles Reader Comments Calif Energy Crisis Photovoltaics Fuel Cells Green Vehicles Join EcoWorld REGISTER with EcoWorld, and help us build the Global Environmental Community. Be an EcoWorld Content Contributor View a sample input form Privacy Statement E-Cards Send an Electronic Postcard Energy Issues Energy Articles More Articles . . . A Home Photovoltaic Program A Not So Modest Proposal California's Power Dinosaurs Make EcoWorld Your Homepage ... Energy Home The Business of Green Technology Energy Overview The World Rankings: CO2, BTU, GNP, POP You've heard the claims, now see how the nations really size up in terms of CO2 emissions and BTU energy consumption, both total and per capita, plus EcoWorld crunched the numbers to produce a fascinating table showing their relation to GNP... World Energy Consumption: The Good, The Bad, and the BTUs Mr. Cheney may have been referring only to the U.S., but he was dead on regarding the global energy situation when he said: "To speak exclusively of conservation is to duck the tough issues..." Global Energy Supply and Demand Oil, Coal and Natural Gas are non-renewable energy sources and are therefore of a limited supply on the planet Earth. Every few years the U.S. Dept of Energy produces its International Energy Outlook, which estimates current global supplies, or reserves, and forecasts global use of these non-renewable sources...

70. CLEANER FOSSIL FUELS: We All Breathe Easier - Environmental Solutions - Economic energy grid and petroleum products help meet our transportation needs, we must continueto find ways to both reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and make our http://www.climatechange.gc.ca/english/publications/team_200103/fossil_fuels.asp

Contact Us Help Search Canada Site ... Full PDF Version Quick Links Assessing clean coal-burning technologies Bringing eco-efficiencies to the oil-and-gas sector Other projects CLEANER FOSSIL FUELS: We all breathe easier With its rich supply of natural resources, Canada has become, quite naturally, heavily dependent on fossil fuels. But while coal-burning plants supply some of our stationary energy grid and petroleum products help meet our transportation needs, we must continue to find ways to both reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and make our consumption of them less harmful to the environment. There is much to be gained by investing in cleaner fossil fuel technologies. While the obvious benefit is the reduced environmental harm, lower average GHG intensity per unit of activity and the improved air quality that results, there are many other benefits to Canadians, as well. Increased efficiency in power production, as just one example, will result in cost savings for users. And lower costs enable users to be more competitive, particularly in the global marketplace. As well, other fossil-fuel-dependent countries are looking to Canada for assistance in dealing with these issues. By investing in cleaner fossil fuel technologies here at home, we will be able to take advantage of those export opportunities.

71. MoDNR - Energy Center Increase in Consumption of fossil fuels in Missouri, 19901999. Missourians leanheavily on fossil fuels– coal, petroleum and natural gas – for energy use. http://www.dnr.state.mo.us/energy/eia-fossilfuel.htm

Divisions and Programs Administrative Support Air and Land Protection Air Pollution Control Environmental Services Hazardous Waste Land Reclamation Solid Waste Mgmt. Administration Geological Survey Land Survey Water Resources Energy Center Environmental Assistance State Historic Preservation State Parks and Historic Sites Regional and Satellite Offices Water Protection Home Page Site Map Help Your browser does not support script OAC Home Environmental Assistance Energy Center Historic Preservation ... Energy Site Map Missouri Fossil Fuel Use at a Glance Increase in Consumption of Fossil Fuels in Missouri, 1990-1999. Missouri has very limited fossil fuel resources. Nearly all the coal, petroleum and natural gas used in Missouri are imported from out of state. During these years, coal use increased at an average annual growth rate of 2.7 percent, followed by petroleum at 2.6 percent and natural gas at 1.2 percent. To continue the consumption of fossil fuels into the 21 st century at these same rates of increase, imports of fossil fuel into the state would have to more than triple by mid-century.

72. Definition Of Fossil Fuel - WordIQ Dictionary & Encyclopedia fossil fuels are hydrocarbon fuels or hydrocarbon containing fuels suchas petroleum (including natural gas) and coal. The utilization http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Fossil_fuel

Encyclopedia Dictionary Thesaurus The Web eBooks loadkeyword("Fossil fuel"); Fossil fuel Encyclopedia Definition: Fossil fuel da:Fossilt brændstof es:Combustible fósil nl:Fossiele brandstof sv:Fossila bränslen Fossil fuels are hydrocarbon fuels or hydrocarbon containing fuels such as petroleum (including natural gas ) and coal . The utilization of fossil fuels has fueled industrial development and largely supplanted water driven mills and wood or peat burning for heat. With nuclear power , it makes up the category of nuclear-fossil energy When generating electricity , energy from the combustion of fossil fuels is often used to power a turbine . Older generators used steam generated by the burning of the fuel to turn the turbine, but in newer power plants the gases produced by burning of the fuel turn a gas turbine directly. The burning of fossil fuels is the major source of emissions of carbon dioxide which is one of the greenhouse gases Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Origin 2 A limited resource 3 See also 4 External link Origin There are two theories on the origin of fossil fuels: the biogenic theory and the abiogenic theory. The two theories have been intensely debated since the

73. Fossil Fuels - News And Latest Information 19 May 2004 0614 GMT a result of an atmospheric increase in carbon dioxide,caused by the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum. http://www.inboxrobot.com/news/FossilFuels

window.open("http://www.inboxrobot.com/support/splash_page.html","splash_page","fullscreen=yes,toolbar=no,status=yes,menubar=no,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,directories=no,location=no,top=0,left=0") HOME HELP CENTER ABOUT US LOGIN ... REGISTER Wednesday 9th June 2004 GMT Search the web for news: (For tips on choosing keywords click here...) MAIN Energy Inbox Robot daily newsletter on: "Fossil Fuels" Total articles found: 434 To receive a daily newsletter for this search criteria click here Tell a friend about this newsletter click here Related Newsletters: Industry Energy Fossil Fuel s News: Maine sees near-term approval for LNG plant 9 Jun 2004 03:07 GMT ... look to renewable energy and conservation to help ease the state's dependence on traditional fossil fuels . Early this week, the state Department of Environmental Protection issued a permit for construction ... Hydrogen-powered engine for new Cobra boosts profile of clean energy 9 Jun 2004 03:06 GMT ... viable. The hydrogen internal combustion engine can help us end our dangerous dependence on fossil fuels today, and it will serve as a bridging technology to the fuel cell." The ...

74. Alexander S Gas Oil Connections - What If Fossil Fuels Aren T But what if fossil fuels aren t fossils, and are scientists, led by the unconventionalastronomer Thomas Gold of Cornell University, say petroleum has as http://www.gasandoil.com/goc/features/fex12752.htm

75. Environ - For People, The Environment And The Future rain is another environmental problem caused by burning fossil fuels. is one of thedirtiest fuels and produces the Oil petroleum oil, which means rock oil, is http://www.environ.org.uk/issues/energy/fossil_fuels/index.php?cid=87

76. CNN.com - Nature - Plant Oils Give Petroleum A Run For The Money - July 18, 2000 By manipulating plant oils, Tao said it s possible to create a petroleum substitute.fossil fuels were plants once, millions of years ago, and so it makes http://www.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/07/18/plant.oils.enn/

nature Editions myCNN Video ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web NATURE TOP STORIES New hurdles hamper Galapagos oil spill cleanup Insight, Prius lead the hybrid-powered fleet Picture: Indonesia's Merapi volcano erupts MORE TOP STORIES Up to 2,000 killed in India quake; fear of aftershocks spreads Clinton aide denies reports of White House vandalism New hurdles hamper Galapagos oil-spill cleanup Two more Texas fugitives will contest extradition ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. Enter your address: document.write(' '); Or: Get a free e-mail account E-MAIL DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: AsiaNow Svenska Norge Danmark ... Italian FASTER ACCESS: europe japan TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: more networks transcripts SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: CNN e-store Plant oils give petroleum a run for the money Plant oil from crops such as soybeans may become an essential renewable energy resource July 18, 2000

77. Nonrenewable Energy - Oil petroleum (Oil) A fossil Fuel. Oil was formed from the remains ofanimals and plants that lived millions of years ago in a marine http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/non-renewable/oil.html

What is Energy Kid's Corner Milestones Energy Quiz ... About Energy Ant and Us Petroleum (Oil) A Fossil Fuel Oil was formed from the remains of animals and plants that lived millions of years ago in a marine (water) environment before the dinosaurs. Over the years, the remains were covered by layers of mud. Heat and pressure from these layers helped the remains turn into what we today call crude oil . The word "petroleum" means "rock oil" or "oil from the earth." WHERE DOES OIL COME FROM? Crude oil is a smelly, yellow-to-black liquid and is usually found in underground areas called reservoirs. Scientists and engineers explore a chosen area by studying rock samples from the earth. Measurements are taken, and, if the site seems promising, drilling begins. Above the hole, a structure called a 'derrick' is built to house the tools and pipes going into the well. When finished, the drilled well will bring a steady flow of oil to the surface. The world's top five crude oil-producing countries are: Saudi Arabia Russia United States Iran China and in the United States the top five crude oil-producing states are: Texas Alaska California Louisiana Oklahoma The amount of crude oil produced (domestically) in the United States has been getting smaller each year. However, the use of products made from crude oil has been growing, making it necessary to bring more oil from other countries. Over 60 percent of the crude oil and petroleum products used in the United States comes from other countries.

78. Fossil Fuels, Future Fuels fossil fuels, future fuels This World Wide Web (WWW) site, maintained for grades 5 to 12 by the Department of Energy's (DOE's) fossil Energy Communications Office, contains an introduction to http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.fe.doe.gov/education/index.html&

79. DOE Document - Geochemistry Of Sulfur In Fossil Fuels High sulfur content in fossil fuels hinders their use because sulfur dioxide emissions from utility and industrial boilers are the cause of acid rain.^Since many aspects of the geochemistry of to http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.bib

80. Fossil Fuels fossil fuels. We currently use fossil fuels in everyday life regardless if you drive or not. The problem with putting all the weight on car manufacturers is that the responsibility lies everywhere . http://home.woh.rr.com/creationism/fossil_fuels.htm

Fossil Fuels We currently use fossil fuels in everyday life regardless if you drive or not. The problem with putting all the weight on car manufacturers is that the responsibility lies everywhere. Asphalt, aspirin, and plastics are all made from fossil fuels. Petroleum and natural gas are found along tectonic belts at plate boundaries. Unfortunately, just like with planes, when something goes wrong, it really goes wrong! Oil spills have injured wildlife and temporarily scarred coastlines. Drilling for oil has contaminated underground water reserves. Strip mining has destroyed land and forests and the list goes on. For fun, and to see how well off we are in the United States, you can look up other countries gas prices and convert their monetary units into dollars with the following links: Conversions http://www.xe.com/ucc/ . Australian prices, http://www.informedsources.com.au/petrol/ As of Midnight on the 22nd of July the current price of petrol per litre in Australia was 47.60US, that's about $2.13 a gallon

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