1. Finland History | Lonely Planet World Guide finland history. Finland s traces of human settlement date back to thethaw of the last Ice Age some 10,000 years ago. The Finns ancestors http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/europe/finland/history.htm

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks Finland History Finland's traces of human settlement date back to the thaw of the last Ice Age some 10,000 years ago. The Finns' ancestors seem to have dominated half of northern Russia before arriving on the north of the Baltic coast well before the Christian era. By the end of the Viking Age, Swedish traders and chieftains had extended their interests throughout the Baltic region. Over the centuries, Finland has sat precariously between the Protestant Swedish empire and Eastern Orthodox Russia. For seven centuries, from the 12th century until 1809, it was part of Sweden. Finland was blighted by constant battles with Russia and severe famines. From 1696-97, famine killed a third of all Finns. The 1700s were punctuated by bitter wars against Russia, culminating in the eventual loss of Finland to Russia in 1809. With nationalism beginning to surge during the latter half of the 19th century, Finland gained greater autonomy as a Grand Duchy, though new oppression and Russification followed, making Finns emotionally ripe for independence. The downfall of the tsar of Russia and the Communist revolution in 1917 made it possible for the Finnish senate to declare independence on 6 December 1917. Demoralising internal violence flared up, with Russian-supported 'Reds' clashing with nationalist 'Whites' who took the German state as their model. During 108 days of a bloody civil war, approximately 30,000 Finns were killed by their fellow citizens. Although the Whites were victorious, Germany's weakened position after WWI discredited it as a political model and relations with the Soviet Union were soon normalised. Political salves did little to heal the wounds of civil war, however, and stories of 'peacetime' massacres are still emerging from these dark days of Finnish history.

2. MAP COLLECTION OF FINNISH RELATED PEOPLE Maps showing the history of the Finnishrelated people of Russia. Includes maps of city locations, name changes, and much commentary. http://www.geocities.com/ojoronen/FINMAPS.HTM

Historical Maps of Finnish and Finno-Ugric People Complete Uralic World Guide Enter

3. FINLAND HISTORY: Finnish War Of Independence So it was natural that at this point in history, he should be very nervous indeed. BettySewed Them . A newly independent Finnish Army, and Finland, is born. http://www.geocities.com/ojoronen/KAPINA.HTM

True Stories of The Finnish War of Independence translated from Finnish by Osmo Joronen Updated September 25, 2002 Contents: Brief historical background Humor: The Swedish and the Russian typewriter: a true story from the revolution. Betty Sewed Them Shoot That Rabbit! Devils by the Gravel Pit January - May 1918 The year 1917 was a turning point for Finland. On June 16, the first congress of Soviets was held in Russia. Lenin declares Bolshevik readiness to rule the country. On July 16, a revolution begins in St. Petersburg. During this time and again in August, Lenin hides just across the border in Finland. Aino Kuparinen, the writer's maternal grandmother was at the house where Lenin was hiding. A story is told that a letter went out to the whites from the house with information regarding Lenin's location. Not long afterwards, the Finnish whites surrounded the house, but Lenin had slipped away. Aino had served Lenin tea there, and also worked in St. Petersburg with her sister. They were there when the Bolsheviks took control. Often they slipped out and broke their curfew and were chased by police. But these girls were far too fast for the Russians. Aino managed to get across back into Finland, but her sister was taken by the Bolsheviks to a forest labor camp, and got out later. Not only did the Finnish people have to gain their freedom from Russia, but they had to also "run the gantlet" of their own communist uprising instigated and backed by Russian Bolsheviks, which was defeated by general Mannerheim with some German assistance. It happened in the turmoil of the First World War as well as the Russian Bolshevik Revolution. Finns fought not only in Finland but also in the Baltic countries. Stalin never forgot the humiliating defeat.

4. Finland History History of Finland. http://www.countryreports.org/history/finlhist.htm

History of Finland History Home Page CountryReports.org Subscription Discuss World Issues! Past Country Profiles: Historical Setting ORIGINS OF THE FINNS THE ERA OF SWEDISH RULE, c. 1150-1809 Medieval Society and Economy ... Finland in the Era of Consensus, 1966-81 Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Bolivia Bulgaria Cambodia Chad Chile China Congo, Dem. Rep. Colombia Comoros Cyprus Czech Republic Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Ethiopia Finland Georgia Germany Ghana Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakstan Korea, North

5. Finland History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, C finland history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources,Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/finland/finland_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... [TOP] Finland History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/finland/finland_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies History Introduction Historical Setting ORIGINS OF THE FINNS THE ERA OF SWEDISH RULE, c. 1150-1809 ... Finland in the Era of Consensus, 1966-81 NOTE: The information regarding Finland on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Finland History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Finland History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://workmall.com/wfb2001/finland/finland_history_index.html Revised 04-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

6. Finland: History finland history. PREHISTORY. Modern Finns descend from the FennoUgriantribes that originally lived in northeastern Europe between http://w3.restena.lu/lhce/comenius/fin/finhis.html

Finland: History PREHISTORY Modern Finns descend from the Fenno-Ugrian tribes that originally lived in northeastern Europe between the Ural mountains and the River Volga. As the continental glacier melted, it gave way to people to spread north and west. By 2000-1000 BC some form of Finnish was spoken on both sides of the Gulf of Finland. The remainders of the first permanent settlements along the coastline originate from the Iron Age, around 500 BC. The settlement was very scattered until the Viking Era ca. 800-1050 AD when the Vikings used the northern coastline of the Gulf of Finland as their trade route to the east. THE SWEDISH PERIOD ca. 1200-1809 At the beginning of the historical time, the population of Finland didn´t consist of any unified nation but of different, often hostile tribes. The king of Sweden and the Roman Catholic Church in the west and Novgorod of Russia and the Greek Orthodox Church in the east were both interested in conquering the area. The Finns in the southwest oriented themselves to the west, those in Karelia to the east. All through the Middle Ages Finland was part of Sweden. At intervals, during the time of the Scandinavian Union, as Sweden´s power was temporarily weakened, Finland was governed from Denmark.

7. Finland History & Finland Culture | IExplore Monthly Newsletter. Signup for monthly travel specialsSave up to 50% Privacy Statement. finland history. http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Finland/History

dateString = 1082229474; FORBES' #1 ADVENTURE TRAVEL SITE 4 YEARS IN A ROW TIME MAGAZINE TOP 50 Your experts in adventure and experiential travel Keyword Search: Home Trip Finder Destination Guides Join / Sign-in ... Finland History E-mail this page Finland Travel Travel and Trips Finland Overview The Essentials Where to Go ... Health and Vaccinations Monthly Newsletter Sign-up for monthly travel specials Save up to 50% Privacy Statement Finland History Indigenous Sami (formerly known as Lapps, a term they find offensive) once inhabited most of Finland. They were pushed into the far northern part of the country thousands of years ago by migrants from northeastern Europe. In the 12th century, Finland (then a pagan country) was incorporated into Sweden following a Swedish crusade, and a bishop named Henrik from the British Isles was left in Turku to administer the country (and eventually to suffer a martyr's death - the pagan who decapitated him didn't feel he needed a new set of rules). Henrik was later canonized and became Finland's patron saint. Sweden and Russia began fighting over the country in 1710, and each owned pieces of it until Russia prevailed in 1809. Finland Trip Search See Trips to Finland Finland Travel Experts Meet our Europe expert Rosemary Burki Book List for Finland See Gear, Books and More

8. Finland History revolution, Finland perceived its chance to try for independence; after a civilwar, Finland became independent for the first time ever in its history. http://www.nationbynation.com/Finland/History1.html

BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE BASIC INFO. ECONOMY GEOGRAPHY BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE BASIC INFO. ECONOMY GEOGRAPHY ... FINLAND Originally from the Ural mountains and with a semi-unique language related more to Hungarian and Estonian than to any of the Scandinavian tongues, Finns came to their land via Siberia in the 700s. The indigenous peoples, the Lapps, were displaced into the northernmost areas of Scandinavia. Four hundred years later, Christianity arrived in the form of Swedish conquerors. In the 1500s, the land of the Finns became a Swedish grand duchy and even today, ethnic Swedes comprise about 7% of the population. Located unluckily between Sweden and Russia, Finland was often the site of battles between the dueling competitors. In 1809, the country was ceded to Russia. After the communist revolution, Finland perceived its chance to try for independence; after a civil war, Finland became independent for the first time ever in its history. But in 1939, Finland again became a battleground as the Soviet Union attacked the Finnish Republic. The Soviets prevailed but after germany and Russia went to war with each other in 1941, Finland resumed hostilities against Russia as well. Britain viewed Finland as cocombatants with Germany at this point and declared war. In 1944, the USSR again vanquished Finland and made the Finns fight against Germany, which was occupying northern Finland. The war left Finland largely ruined. The victorious Soviets forced harsh terms on the Finns including territory and reparations. A defense pact with the USSR was also signed in 1948 and reaffirmed in 1955, 1970, and 1983, as Finland's governments recognized that their independence hinged on the avoidance of any anti-Soviet activity. But the country was able to maintain freedom and an excellent economic base in the shadow of communism. When the Soviet Union collapsed, Finland suffered too with recession, unemployment, and currency devaluation (since as much as 25% of their export trade had been with the USSR). Politically, the 1990s brought the first non-socialist government to power in a quarter century and in 1994, the first direct election of a president took place. Finland joined the EU in 1994.

9. Finland History History (Last updated in April 2003). 12th century to 1809. Part of Sweden. 1809. CivilWar. 1939/40. Winter War between the Soviet Union and Finland. 12 March 1940. http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/laender_ausgabe_html?

10. Finland History Thursday 13.05.04 / 1553. Finland. History. (Last updated in April 2003). 12thcentury to 1809. Part of Sweden. 1809. Autonomous grand duchy under Russia. 1812. http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/print_html?type_id=9&

11. 1Up Travel : Finland - History And Culture Of Finland. Finland Explore The History and Culture of Finland to its depth.Finland s traces finland history and Culture. History Finland s http://www.1uptravel.com/international/europe/finland/history-culture.html

Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... National Parks More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Airline Tickets Car Rentals Cruises Hotels ... Vacations You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Europe Finland ADVERTISEMENT Country At a Glance Introduction Topography Life Cuisine ... Newstand Worth a Visit !! Cities Attractions Shopping Eating Out ... Travel Links Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Finland Guide Finland Maps Finland Hotels Finland Flag ... Finland Travel Warning Finland History and Culture History Finland's traces of human settlement date back to the thaw of the last Ice Age some 10,000 years ago. The Finns' ancestors seem to have dominated half of northern Russia before arriving on the north of the Baltic coast well before the Christian era. By the end of the Viking Age, Swedish traders and chieftains had extended their interests throughout the Baltic region. Over the centuries, Finland has sat precariously between the Protestant Swedish empire and Eastern Orthodox Russia. For seven centuries, from the 12th century until 1809, it was part of Sweden.

12. Finland/History - Encyclopedia Article About Finland/History. Free Access, No Re finland historyBook Finder, Book Reviews and Compare Prices for finland history History EuropeHistory finland history. finland history Book Review and Price Comparison. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Finland/History

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Finland/History Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition This is the history HIStory Album by Michael Jackson Released 1995 Recorded ? Length ? Record label Epic Records Producer ? Professional reviews Q 3 stars out of 5 January 2001 Robert Christgau Grade: ** Honorable mention link Rolling Stone 4 stars out of 5 (RS 714) Michael Jackson Chronology Dangerous HIStory Blood on the Dance Floor Click the link for more information. of Finland The Republic of Finland (Finnish: Suomi , Swedish: Finland ) is a Nordic country, bounded by the Baltic Sea to the southwest, the Gulf of Finland to the southeast and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west, and has land frontiers with Sweden, Norway and Russia and a maritime border with Estonia). The à land Islands, off the southwest coast, are under Finnish sovereignty while enjoying extensive Home Rule. Click the link for more information. . See also the history of Sweden Pre-historic age 9,000-500 B.C. Sweden, together with Norway, has a high concentration of rockcarvings, ristningar or hällristningar in Swedish. Dated from 9000 BC the earliest images, called

13. Finland History & Finland Culture | IExplore finland history. http://iexplore.military.com/dmap/Finland/History

dateString = 1082228653; Keyword Search: Home Trip Finder Destination Guides Join / Sign-in ... Finland History E-mail this page Keyword Search Help Finland Travel Travel and Trips Finland Overview The Essentials Where to Go ... Health and Vaccinations Monthly Newsletter Sign-up for monthly travel specials Save up to 50% Privacy Statement Finland History Indigenous Sami (formerly known as Lapps, a term they find offensive) once inhabited most of Finland. They were pushed into the far northern part of the country thousands of years ago by migrants from northeastern Europe. In the 12th century, Finland (then a pagan country) was incorporated into Sweden following a Swedish crusade, and a bishop named Henrik from the British Isles was left in Turku to administer the country (and eventually to suffer a martyr's death - the pagan who decapitated him didn't feel he needed a new set of rules). Henrik was later canonized and became Finland's patron saint. Sweden and Russia began fighting over the country in 1710, and each owned pieces of it until Russia prevailed in 1809. Finland Trip Search See Trips to Finland Finland Travel Experts Meet our Europe expert Rosemary Burki Finland Merchandise Contact Us Incentive Travel Advertise Site Map ... About iExplore

14. Finland History - World66 1 ). At the beginning of its recorded history in the eleventh centuryAD Finland was conquered by its powerful neighbor Sweden. http://www.world66.com/europe/finland/history

the travel guide you write Recent Changes login register Home ... Finland Sections Finland Map History Getting There ... [Add Section] Maps View Enlargement History [edit this] This is no World66 image. It was found using an Internet search. more.. [Change image] [Upload image] THE SINGLE ACHIEVEMENT OF FINLAND has been its survival against great oddsagainst a harsh climate physical and cultural isolation and international dangers. Finland lies at higher latitudes than any other country in the world and the punishing northern climate has complicated life there considerably. Geographically, Finland is on the remote northern periphery far from the mass of Europe yet near two larger states Sweden and Russialater the Soviet Union which have drawn it into innumerable wars and have dominated its development (see fig. 1 ). At the beginning of its recorded history in the eleventh century A.D. Finland was conquered by its powerful neighbor Sweden. Christianization and more than 600 years of Swedish rule (c. 1150-1809) made the Finns an essentially West European people integrated into the religion culture economics and politics of European civilization. The Finns have however maintained their own language which is complex and is not related to most other European languages. The centuries of Swedish rule witnessed Finland's increasing involvement in European politics particularly when the country served as a battleground between Sweden on the west and Russia on the east. Over the centuries Russia has exerted an especially persistent and powerful pressure on Finland. Many wars were fought between Swedes and Finns on the one side and Russians on the other. Eventually Russia conquered Finland and incorporated it into the Russian Empire where it remained for more than a century from 1809 to 1917.

15. Travel To Finland History - Detailed Travel Information And More About Finland H Irish Carriers RyanAir. Finland finland history. The Best finland history SitesWe ve Found. Click here for finland history Travel Deals. finland history. http://www.traveling-cheap.com/directory/Finland/finland_history

Check-In: January February March April May June July August September October November December Check out: January February March April May June July August September October November December City: Flights Hotels Cars Vacation Packages ... Maps Airline Specials US Carriers Air Grand Canyon Air Sunshine Air Wisconsin Airlines Alaska Airlines ... World Airways Canadian Carriers Air Canada Air Inuit Canadian North Central Mountain Air ... West Jet French Carriers Air France German Carriers Deutsche Lufthansa AG British Carriers British Airways KLM UK Ltd ... Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd Australian Carriers Airnorth Ansett Norfolk Jet Qantas Airways Ltd ... Virgin Blue Airline Japanese Carriers All Nipon Airways JL Japan Airlines Malasian Carriers Malaysia Airlines Singaporian Carriers Singapore Airlines Indian Carriers Air-India Ltd Indian Airlines Jet Airways Ltd Sahara Airlines Ltd Irish Carriers RyanAir Finland > finland history The Best finland history Sites We've Found Click here for finland history Travel Deals It's easy to find the best hotels, airfare, rental cars and more. Our powerful new search engine returns vacation deals directly to you. http://www.cheapairlines.com

16. FINLAND History Jobs finland history Jobs. Your search did not return any records. Trya different Category. Category Select a Faculty http://www.academicjobseu.com/content/categories/FINLAND_SocialScience-Hist.asp

Panic About Us Register Site Map ... Information FINLAND History Jobs Your search did not return any records. Try a different Category. Category: Select a Faculty Arts Divinity Education Engineering Languages Law Management Medicine and Medical Sciences Science Social Science Support Veterinary Select Department updateCategories1(document.form.topCat1.selectedIndex - 1,'Hist'); Location: (the job is based in) FINLAND Any Europe AUSTRIA BELGIUM CYPRUS CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK ESTONIA FINLAND FRANCE GERMANY GREECE HUNGARY IRELAND ITALY LATVIA LITHUANIA LUXEMBOURG MALTA NETHERLANDS NORWAY POLAND PORTUGAL SLOVAKIA SLOVENIA SPAIN SWEDEN SWITZERLAND UNITED KINGDOM Worldwide AFGHANISTAN ALBANIA ALGERIA AMERICAN SAMOA ANDORRA ANGOLA ANGUILLA ANTARCTICA ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA ARGENTINA ARMENIA ARUBA AUSTRALIA AZERBAIJAN BAHAMAS BAHRAIN BANGLADESH BARBADOS BELARUS BELIZE BENIN BERMUDA BHUTAN BOLIVIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOWINA BOTSWANA BOUVET ISLAND BRAZIL BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY BRUNEI DARUSSALAM BULGARIA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI CAMBODIA CAMEROON CANADA CAPE VERDE CAYMAN ISLANDS CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CHAD CHILE CHINA CHRISTMAS ISLAND COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS COLOMBIA COMOROS CONGO COOK ISLANDS COSTA RICA CROATIA CUBA DJIBOUTI DOMINICA DOMINICAN REPUBLIC EAST TIMOR ECUADOR EGYPT EL SALVADOR EQUATORIAL GUINEA ERITREA ETHIOPIA FALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS) FAROE ISLANDS FIJI FRENCH GUIANA FRENCH POLYNESIA FRENCH SOUTHERN TERRITORIES GABON GAMBIA GEORGIA GHANA GIBRALTAR GREENLAND GRENADA GUADELOUPE GUAM GUATEMALA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU GUYANA HAITI HONDURAS HONG KONG ICELAND INDIA INDONESIA IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) IRAQ ISRAEL IVORY COAST

17. Finland: History Encyclopedia—finland history. Early History to Independence. Finland sfirst inhabitants, dating from about 7000 BC, probably followed http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0858115.html

Encyclopedia Finland History Early History to Independence Finland's first inhabitants, dating from about 7000 B.C. , probably followed the melting ice northward, attracted by a good supply of game. The first Finnish-speaking persons to enter the region, who were mostly nomadic hunters and fishers, migrated into Finland from the south. By the 8th cent. they had displaced the small number of Lapps who lived in central and S Finland and who were forced to move to the far north of the country, where they live today. The Finns were organized in small-scale political units, with only loose ties beyond the clan level. From the 11th cent. Christian missionaries were active in Finland. In the 13th cent. Sweden conquered the country. Under the Swedes, Finland enjoyed considerable independence, its political sophistication grew, commerce increased, and the Swedish language and culture were spread. In the mid-16th cent. Lutheranism was established in Finland, and in 1581 the country was raised to the rank of grand duchy. Finland suffered severely in the recurring wars between Sweden and Russia. In 1696 famine wiped out almost a third of the population. By the Treaty of Nystad (1721), which ended the

18. History Of Finland History of Finland. URL http//www.hut.fi/~juheikki/FINLAND/history.htm Createdby Juho Heikkilä on March 23rd, 1996 Last update on April 11th, 1996. http://www.hut.fi/~juheikki/FINLAND/history.htm

History of Finland Until the 12th century, the region known as Finland remained in a political vacuum, with both the Roman Catholic Church from Sweden and the Greek Orthodox Church from Novgorod, i.e. Russia, having their eyes on it. In the mid 12th century however the south-west Finland (Finland Proper) was brought under the Swedish dominion and Christian faith. Sweden continued to expand their domain until in 1323 the Treaty of Pähkinäsaari froze the Finnish borders. Under Swedish rule Finland was presented the Scandinavian Legal and Social systems. This also led to the founding of Turku in the 14th century and later, in 1640, to the founding of Finland's first University, Turku Academy. Today we know it as Helsinki University. In Sweden's era as a great power (1617-1721), it dominated the Baltic region and Finland's eastern border stretched further and further east. But the Great Northern War in 1700-1721 caused the Swedish power to collapse and Russia occupied Finland in 1714. That began the era known as the Great Wrath, ending in 1721. In the Peace of Turku in 1743 however, Russia retreated, but with considerable territorial losses to Finland. Sweden begun to fortify Finland and one of the greatest projects was the founding of Viapori, also known as the Gibraltar of the North, in 1747. In 1808 The Russian Czar Alexander I launched an attack and finally defeated the Finnish army. Peace was concluded in 1809 and Finland annexed to Russia. Finland now became an Autonomous Grand Duchy with a governor-general representing the Czar.

19. Helsinki Finland History : Resources From The Lost Luggage Tales If the shape of Finland resembles a longskirted woman with her right armpunching the air, then Helsinki is her right foot. Affectionately http://www.lostluggagetales.com/resources/helsinki-history.asp

June 8, 2004 the resources the forums the calendar the links ... check out more reviews by country... helsinki: embassies emergency information history photos ... read reviews If the shape of Finland resembles a long-skirted woman with her right arm punching the air, then Helsinki is her right foot. Affectionately known as the ‘Daughter of the Baltic’, the city is sited at the arrowhead of a peninsula, surrounded by an archipelago of 315 islands, perfectly placed between its two great trading cousins, Stockholm and Moscow. In a European perspective, Helsinki is relatively young (450 years), yet it is Finland’s sixth oldest town. The Swedes, who extended their empire into Finland in 1155, founded the city of ‘Helsingfors’ (the name still used by the Swedes) in 1550, when King Gustav Vasa needed a site for a strategic and competitively placed trading port. It languished as a coastal backwater until Imperialist Russia invaded in 1809. The Grand Duchy required a new power base and Helsinki was chosen because of its major trump card, the massive sea fortress – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site – of Suomenlinna. Modern Helsinki was born when Finland gained independence from Russia in 1917. The new republic boomed throughout the 1920s and 30s, when the architectural movements of the era – Modernism and Functionalism – were fathered by one of Finland’s most famous sons, internationally acclaimed architect Alvar Aalto. Helsinki stepped on to the world stage when the Olympic Stadium was completed in 1938, although the games were postponed due to the war and were finally held there in 1952. It still holds the record as the smallest city in the world to host the Olympic Games.

20. Finland: History Related content from HighBeam Research on finland history. FinlandHistory (Countries of the World). Judging Nazism and Communism. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0858115.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Finland History Early History to Independence Finland's first inhabitants, dating from about 7000 B.C. , probably followed the melting ice northward, attracted by a good supply of game. The first Finnish-speaking persons to enter the region, who were mostly nomadic hunters and fishers, migrated into Finland from the south. By the 8th cent. they had displaced the small number of Lapps who lived in central and S Finland and who were forced to move to the far north of the country, where they live today. The Finns were organized in small-scale political units, with only loose ties beyond the clan level. From the 11th cent. Christian missionaries were active in Finland. In the 13th cent. Sweden conquered the country. Under the Swedes, Finland enjoyed considerable independence, its political sophistication grew, commerce increased, and the Swedish language and culture were spread. In the mid-16th cent. Lutheranism was established in Finland, and in 1581 the country was raised to the rank of grand duchy. Finland suffered severely in the recurring wars between Sweden and Russia. In 1696 famine wiped out almost a third of the population. By the Treaty of Nystad (1721), which ended the

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