41. Death Valley Geology The path of these springs often follows faults or fractures in the rocks geology of Death Valley and the LOM model The formation of the Death Valley basin is a http://earthview.sdsu.edu/dvgeology/dv_geology.html

42. UBC Library - MARION faults (geology) (30 titles) See also Thrust faults (geology). faults (geology) Alberta Canmore. (1 title); faults (geology) Arctic regions Maps. http://dra.library.ubc.ca/MARION/auth?fmt_limit=&lng_limit=&index=S&key=Faults -

43. Structural Geology Some of the more informative sites on the www for structural geology inclusive; faults, Folds, Thrusts, Tectonics, Crustal Deformation; also see Plate http://www.geologyshop.co.uk/struct~1.htm

Structural Geology Some of the more informative sites on the www for structural geology inclusive; Faults, Folds, Thrusts, Tectonics, Crustal Deformation; also see Plate Tectonics From GeologyShop One of the main sites for geological information worldwide . This is one of over 50 link pages plus there are many original articles. Try our site specific SEARCH ENGINE to find the information you want or go to our MAIN INDEX page. Or try our site specific ORIGINAL articles, FREE geological stuff, or use our HOMEWORK AND TUTORIAL GUIDE POPULAR PAGES: Chalk facts Channel Tunnel facts Channel Tunnel geology Dinosaurs, top 20 sites Dictionaries Dinosaurs, early finds Dinosaur pictures Dinosaurs, facts Earthquakes, top 20 sites Education Fossils, top 20 sites Fossils by group Free stuff Gems Geology jobs Geology of Kent Geotechnical engineering Hominids (early man) Ice ages Igneous rocks Landslips of Kent Mesozoic Metamorphic rocks Museums Mineralogy Mining Natural disasters Palaeogeography Palaeozoic Petroleum Planetary geology Plate tectonics Precambrian Sedimentary rocks Stratigraphy Structual geology

44. Earthquake Faults - Utah Geological Survey Specialstudy areas have been delineated along faults where geologic studies are recommended to assess the hazard, locate faults, and recommend setbacks. http://geology.utah.gov/utahgeo/hazards/eqfault/eqfault.htm

ugs utah geology geologic hazards / faults Earthquake Faults Salt Lake County Earthquake Fault Map Fault Information County Fault Maps What is a fault? A fault is a break in the earth's crust along which movement can take place causing an earthquake. In Utah, movement along faults is mostly vertical; mountain blocks (for example, the Wasatch Range) move up relative to the downward movement of valley blocks (for example, the Salt Lake Valley). Why are faults a concern? Faults with evidence of Holocene (about 10,000 years ago to present) movement are the main concern because they are most likely to generate future earthquakes. If the earthquake is large enough, surface fault rupture can occur. What is surface fault rupture? With a large earthquake (about magnitude 6.5 and greater), the fault rupture can reach and displace the ground surface, forming a fault scarp (steep break in slope). The resulting fault scarp may be several inches to 20 feet in height, and up to about 40 miles in length, depending on the size of the earthquake. What are the effects of surface fault rupture?

45. Utah Earthquakes & Faults - Utah Geological Survey ugs / utah geology / geologic hazards / earthquakes faults Utah Earthquakes faults. http://geology.utah.gov/utahgeo/hazards/eqfault/

to view pdf files. ugs utah geology geologic hazards Ground Shaking ... Liquefaction Ground Shaking Ground-shaking map for a magnitude 7.0 earthquake on the Wasatch fault, Salt Lake City, Utah, metropolitan area (pdf) Public Information Series #76 Earthquake ground shaking in Utah (pdf) Public Information Series #29 Utah Earthquakes Recent Utah Earthquakes - UUSS Catalog Summary Photo essay of four Utah earthquakes, 1921-1972 (pdf) Public Information Series #72 Homebuyers guide to earthquake hazards in Utah (pdf) Public Information Series #38 (pdf) Public Information Series #48 The Wasatch Fault (pdf) Public Information Series #40 Written for the non-geologist and profusely illustrated. What is it, where is it, how to recognize it, building on it, what are earthquakes and how often do they occur, the future of the fault, and where to get more information - these are all included in this informative brochure. Earthquake hazards and safety in Utah (pdf), Public Information Series #6

46. Structural.geology.html Folds. Crosssection and map-view of fold, with strikes and dips marked. Geologic Map. Colors distinguish Joints and faults. Products of http://geoweb.tamu.edu/courses/geol101/grossman/Structural.geology.html

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY Structural Geology What is Structural Geology Deals with form, arrangement, and internal structure of rocks, especially the description representation, and analysis of struct ures Review Stress, Strain, Rupture Types of Pressure Confining pressure (Confining stress) Directed pressure - Stress tension - pull apart compression -push together shear - scissor action How do rocks respond to stress? Strain - deformation - elastic and plastic Brittle fracture - rupture, breakage Earthquakes How do rocks respond to stress? Stress and Strain Structural Geology Rock Behavior Rock Behavior - ductile vs. brittle Ductile - rocks bend, fold; get ductile behavior: at higher temperature at higher confining pressure if rocks contain water if stress is applied over long period of time depending on nature of the material shale more ductile than limestone Laboratory Experiments with Marble Folds bending of horizontal features common with layered rock occur on a scale of mm to km "tightness" varies depending on deformation Folds (cont.)

47. Judith S. Chester, Assistant Professor, Department Of Geology And Geophysics, Te Kuhle, NJ, Chester, JS, Chester, FM, 2000, Faultfold evolution in reverse-reactivated normal faults, Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs http://geoweb.tamu.edu/Faculty/chesterj/addpubs.html

Wilson, J. E., Chester, J. S. , and Chester, F.M., in press, Microfracture Analysis of Fault Growth and Wear Processes, Punchbowl Fault, San Andreas System, California, Journal of Structural Geology. Chester, J. S. , 2003, Influence of lithology and layering on fault-fold interaction, Absaroka Thrust Sheet, Salt River Range, Wyoming, Journal Structural Geology, 25, p. 1171-1192. Chester, F.M., Chester, J.S. , Evans, J. P., Kirschner, D.L., Schulz, S.E., 2003, Internal fault structure of large-displacement faults in the continental crust, Rupturing the Lithosphere, MARGINS Theoretical Institute, Vol. 1, Columbia University Press. Kronenberg, A. K., Karner, S. L., Chester, F. M., Chester, J. S. , 2002, Temperature-dependent deformation of granular quartz sand, EOS Trans. AGU, 83 (47). Chester, J.S. , 2002, Structure and Petrology of the Kern Canyon Fault, California: A Deeply Exhumed Strike-slip Fault, Gordon Conference on Rock Deformation, Barga, Italy, May 19-24, 2002. Karner, S. L., Chester, F. M., Kronenberg, A. K., Chester, J. S.

48. What Is A Geologic Map? Part 2 Special geologic maps of the faults known to be still moving are constantly being upgraded here at the United States Geological Survey, as well as by State http://www2.nature.nps.gov/geology/usgsnps/gmap/gmap2.html

Geologic Maps Letter Symbols In addition to color, each geologic unit is assigned a set of letters to symbolize it on the map. Usually the symbol is the combination of an initial capital letter followed by one or more small letters. The capital letter represents the age of the geologic unit . Geologists have divided the history of the Earth into Eons (the largest division), Eras, Periods, and Epochs , mostly based on the fossils found in rocks. The most common division of time used in letter symbols on geologic maps is the Period. Rocks of the four most recent Periods are found in the San Francisco Bay area shown on this map, so most letter symbols begin with a capital letter representing one of the four Periods: J ( Jurassic - 195 to 141 million years ago), K ( Cretaceous - 141 to 65 million years ago), T ( Tertiary - 65 to 2 million years ago), or Q ( Quaternary - 2 million years ago until today). Occasionally the age of a rock unit will span more than one period, if the period of many years required to create a body of rock happens to fall on both sides of a time boundary. In that case both capital letters are used. For example, QT would indicate that the rock unit began to form in Tertiary time and was completed in Quaternary time. The few geologic units formed an unknown amount of time ago have letter symbols with no capital letters. The small letters indicate either the name of the unit, if it has one, or the type of rock, if the unit has no name. So Kjm (see 1 on map above) would be the symbol for the Joaquin Miller sandstone (formed in the Cretaceous Period), while Ks (location 2) would be the symbol for an unnamed unit of shale formed in the same Period, and gb (location 3) would be the symbol for gabbro (a dark-colored

49. Browse Subjects faults (geology) CALIFORNIA (3). · faults (geology) CALIFORNIA MAPS (3). · faults (geology) CALIFORNIA, SOUTHERN (1). http://infomine.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/browse?browse_key=list;subjects;govpub;expert&no

50. Browse Subjects faults (geology) CALIFORNIA (3). · faults (geology) CALIFORNIA MAPS (3). · faults (geology) CALIFORNIA, SOUTHERN (2). http://infomine.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/browse?browse_key=list;subjects;all;expert&node=

51. UCMP Glossary: Geology that have slipped into or alongside a fault; fault zone n. an area with multiple faults. geologic maps Maps that show the types and ages of rock of an area http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/glossary_2.html

UCMP Glossary : Geology Phylogenetics Geology Biochemistry Cell biology Ecology Life history ... Paleogeography abyssal plain The ocean floor offshore from the continental margin , usually very flat with a slight slope. accrete v. To add terranes (small land masses or pieces of crust) to another, usually larger, land mass. alkaline Term pertaining to a highly basic, as opposed to acidic, subtance. For example, hydroxide or carbonate of sodium or potassium. allochthonous Refers to something formed elswhere than its present location. Antonym of autochthonous amber Fossilization where the organism is entrapped in resin and preserved whole. andesite Igneous volcanic rock, less mafic than basalt , but more mafic than dacite ; rough volcanic equivalent of diorite anticline A fold of rock layers that is convex upwards. Antonym of syncline archipelago n. A group of islands; an expanse of water with scattered islands. asphalt A dark bituminous substance found in natural beds. Residue from petroleum distillation. autochthonous Refers to something formed in its present location. Antonym of

52. Faults And Earthquakes; Rockhounding Arkansas The size of this event leads geologists to suspect the the New Madrid fault is a failed rift valley a place where the North American continent almost split http://rockhoundingar.com/geology/fault.html

Geology Merit Badge Trail Introduction Plate Tectonics Time Scale and History Formation of the Ouachitas ... Careers Your Fault, My Fault, and the New Madrid Fault I N the earth, a fault is a line of fracture in the rocks where the two sides move by each other. The movement can be up, down or sideways, and it is caused by pressure and tension in the rock. When a sudden movement happens along one of these fault lines, an earthquake happens. A fault can be very small, it can be seen in a single quartz crystal, or it can be very long. The Great Rift Valley in east Africa is over 6000 miles long! California has a famous fault called the San Andreas fault, where the Pacific plate slips past the North American plate. Photos of the ground where faults occur show how rock beds have shifted over the years. Even the river channels get crinked when movement happens along a fault. Although California has more earthquakes, we've had bigger ones in the middle of the continent. Measuring earthquakes A recording device called a seismometer is used to measure earthquakes. The Richter scale is what we hear about mostly, and scientists also use a scale called the Moment-Magnitude. The Richter Scale.

53. LookSmart - Article Search For " Faults Geology California" Results for +faults +geology +California from our Sponsors, About. Results for +faults +geology +California from FindArticles (showing 1 10 of 25), About. http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/PI/search.jhtml?isp=FA&cat=ref&key=+Faults +Geo

54. UNB GEOLOGY 1001 Lecture 19 - Transform Plate Boundaries UNB geology 1001 Lecture 19 Transform Plate Boundaries. In earlier lectures I described transform plate boundaries as strike-slip faults with essentially http://www.unb.ca/courses/geol1001a/lec-19.htm

UNB GEOLOGY 1001 Lecture 19 - Transform Plate Boundaries This lecture describes some of the major features of transform plate boundaries. In earlier lectures I described transform plate boundaries as strike-slip faults with essentially vertical (90 o Where Do We Find Transform Plate Boundaries Most transform plate boundaries occur along the mid-ocean spreading ridges where they offset the ridges to account for the interaction of relatively constant spreading rates along ridges located on the surface of a sphere. In this setting, transform plate boundaries link segments of divergent margin or ridge. Transform plate boundaries can also link a subduction zone and a spreading center (ridge). The classic example of this case is the San Andreas Fault that entends from the northern end of the spreading center in the Sea of Cortez (between Baja California and the Mexican mainland) to Cape mendocino in Northern California. The development of this transform margin is discussed in detail in Focus 10.4 on pp. 270-271 of the text book. Basically, the transform developed due to the subduction of a segment of the East Pacific Rise (a Mid-Ocean Ridge spreading center) under the North American plate. The transform boundary developed because as the ridge was subducted, the sense of movement between the North American plate the the adjacent oceanic plate reversed (from convergent to divergent. Thus, where the ridge was subducted, subduction stopped and the boundary between the two plates changed into a transform Boundary.

55. Physical Geology Chapter 15 Faults Physical geology Chapter 15 faults. Forces on rocks and what happens. Plate tectonics can generate tremendous. forces that can bend, fold break rocks. http://www.eeescience.utoledo.edu/Faculty/Krantz/Physical/Physical.Chap15.faults

Physical Geology Chapter 15 Faults Forces on rocks and what happens Plate tectonics can generate tremendous Stress and strain Stress is the force applied to a rock Strain is the resulting deformation of the rock Types of stress and strain Figure 15.2 compression and tension on silly putty Pushing – compressional Pulling – e xtensional Shear stress Force from two opposing directions Figure 15.3 The elastic limit – Rocks may stretch, but only so far Figure 15.4 Elastic – rock deforms, but can return to its original shape (rubber band) Ductile (or plastic) – rock deforms, but does not return to its original shape (silly putty or toothpaste) Brittle – past the elastic limit, rock breaks (rubber band snaps) Words to explain angles of rocks Principle of Original Horizontality most sedimentary rocks were deposited in flat-lying layers examples: lake bed (ancestral Lake Erie) continental shelf Figure 15.7 strike and dip Dip – a marble would roll down this direction (and apparent dip Strike – intersection of the dipping bed and a horizontal plane (think of water level) Types of faults, directions of motion

56. Digital Geologic Data - Links To Idaho Geology COMMENT Data set includes bedrock geologic units, faults, geologic symbols, loess, and geochemistry layers. Data stored relationally http://www.idahogeology.org/data/idgml.asp

Idaho Geological Survey Digital Geologic Mapping and GIS Lab Digital Geologic Data Idaho Digital Geologic Map Listing Name Data Scale Projection Graphic Metadata Data Download Contributor Digital Geologic Map of the St. Maries 30 x 60 Minute Quadrangle, Idaho 1:24,000 to 1:100,000 IDSP UTM Graphic Metadata Data IGS COMMENT: Data set includes bedrock geologic units, faults, geologic symbols, loess, and geochemistry layers. Data stored relationally in the Idaho Geological Survey's Digital Geologic Map Data Model . 2001. Updated release available. Release version 2.2002.06 Digital Geologic Map of the Hamilton 30 x 60 Minute Quadrangle, Idaho 1:24,000 to 1:100,000 IDSP UTM Graphic Metadata Data IGS COMMENT: Data set includes bedrock geologic units, faults, and geologic symbols layers. Data stored relationally in the Idaho Geological Survey's Digital Geologic Map Data Model Digital Geologic Map of the Kooskia 30 x 60 Minute Quadrangle, Idaho 1:24,000 to 1:100,000 IDSP UTM Graphic Metadata Data IGS COMMENT: Data set includes bedrock geologic units, faults, and geologic symbols layers. Data stored relationally in the Idaho Geological Survey's Digital Geologic Map Data Model Digital Geologic Map of the Missoula West 30 x 60 Minute Quadrangle, Idaho

57. Geology Of The Santa Clarita Valley - Newhall geology of Newhall. General Facts. Note oil seeps covering slope to the left. faults and Folds. There are numerous faults that run in the area. http://www.scvresources.com/geology/newhall.htm

Geology of Newhall General Facts Newhall sits atop many hundreds of feet of alluvium that was deposited by the tributaries of the Santa Clara River during the last few thousand years. The surrounding hills are composed of rocks from the 1.7 to 2 million year old Plio- Pliestocene Saugus Formation. Those hills were uplifted during the latter part of the Coast Ranges Orogeny about 1.5 million years ago. Rivers and Drainage Newhall Creek is tributary to the South Fork Santa Clara River which in turn is a tributary to the Santa Clara River. Newhall Creek enters the South Fork near 16th Street. This photo shows the creek as it runs under the railroad tracks and San Fernando Road north of Lyons Avenue. The creek is considered an intermittent stream because it doesn't run the entire year along its entire course. There are two major drainage basins in this end of the valley. One is to the southwest (Wiley, Rice, East, Gavin, Towsley, Pico Canyons) and another to the southeast (Newhall, Whitney, Elsmere Canyons). Only the upper reaches of Newhall, Elsmere, and Towsley Canyons have water running within them most of the year. Elsmere Creek in Elsmere Canyon. Note oil seeps covering slope to the left.

58. Structural Geology Lab. (Page 8) It deals with geologic structures (faults and folds) that form when stresses (tension, compression, shear) act upon a body of rock. http://www.geo.utexas.edu/courses/303/303_Lab/StructureLab303.html

Structural Geology Lab Quick Access Main Page Minerals Igneous Sedimentary ... Hydrogeology Last Modified: Overheads shown in Lab Structural Geology is perhaps one of the hardest subjects for beginning geology students to learn. It deals with geologic structures (faults and folds) that form when stresses (tension, compression, shear) act upon a body of rock. The difficulty is that it requires that the student think in 3-D which is a difficult skill to learn. However, there is hope! Knowing a few simple rules (and a lot of terminology) can allow even the beginning geologist to handle some rather complex structural problems. Let's get to it! Click on the topic below to jump to that section: Terms to Know Broken Rocks Folded Rocks Map Symbols ... Block Diagrams Terms to know: Unconformity Stress and Strain Compression Tension Shear Strike Dip Joint Fault Slickensides Normal Fault Reverse Fault Thrust Fault Axial Plane Fold Axis Limb Fault Plane Horst/Graben * Up to Structural Geology Topic List * BROKEN ROCKS Joint : A break in a rock (crack) in which there is no relative movement of either side across the break.

59. Geological Faults Geological faults. A fault is a discontinuity in a rock mass; locally it can be seen as a plane. It is along this surface that stresses http://www.hanksville.org/daniel/geology/faults.html

Geological faults A fault is a discontinuity in a rock mass; locally it can be seen as a plane. It is along this surface that stresses buily up in the earth's crust are relieved by the motion of the two bodies of rock with respect to each other, i.e. an earthquake. The names for the two blocks are derived from old mining nomenclature. The block on top along the fault is known as the hanging wall; the block on the bottom is called the footwall. In a normal fault, the stress is caused by stretching or extension of the earth's crust. In this case the hanging wall moves downward with respect to the footwall. This is the way most of the mountain ranges have been formed. A reverse fault is caused by compression of the earth's crust. In this case, the footwall moves down with respect to the hanging wall. Thrust faults are also activated by compression of the earth's crust. However, in this case, only the relatively thin upper layers take part in the motion. In the case of the overthrust belt in western Wyoming, the first thrust fault developed was the westernmost. Succeeding faults developed to the east. It is usually the case that the thrust faults converge into a single fault at deeper layers.

60. Active Faults San Fran/Hollister Great for anyone with an interest in geology, earthquakes and the active faults in Northern California. Active faults San Fran/Hollister Win CD, $35.45, http://www.studica.com/products/product_detail.cfm?productid=3692

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