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41. SERSAS
For instance, a typical fante traditional state will to which asafo was an indigenous institution, or gradually rubbing off on coastal peoples, scholars have
http://www.ecu.edu/african/sersas/Papers/ShumwayRebeccaFall2001.htm
Southeastern Regional Seminar in African Studies (SERSAS)
Fall Meeting
12 and 13 October 2001
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina, USA
Transformation Within the Asafo ("Warriors") Institution of Ghana, 1700-2000
Rebecca Shumway
Department of History
Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia, USA
beckyshumway@yahoo.com

NOTE: This is a draft. Please do not cite without the permission of the author. Introduction. The patrilineal networks created by one's membership in an asafo company, and the inherent conflicts that exist between these ties and one's matrilineal ties, have caused some anthropologists to label the Fante as practicing a system of "double descent," meaning simply that a person can be a member of two different descent groups-one matrilineal and one patrilineal, for separate purposes. But a debate has arisen as to whether or not this pattern of double descent is really a product of a European patrilineal influence on coastal society. The implication being that if the pattern of inheritance and succession within the father's line was adopted from European practices on the Ghana coast, it is somehow less authentic or "indigenous." Historians have stumbled over some rather different aspects of the asafo institution, most notably the origins of the military structure and symbolism displayed by asafo companies. The asafo described in the anthropological literature of the colonial era displayed many features reminiscent of European military groups. For instance, a typical Fante traditional state will have the equivalent of an army general (Tufohen), a senior commander (Supi), multiple captains of subdivisions (Asafohen), and a variety of lesser officers including linguists, executioners, flag carriers, hornblowers, drummers and priests/priestesses.

42. People Groups Living In The U.S. - Listed By Country Of Origin
Hausa, and Akan, of which Twi and fante (aka Fanti Yiddish is spoken by over 1/2 million people. In addition, Native American languages indigenous to and still
http://www.ethnicharvest.org/peoples/bycountry.html
Home Search Site Map Bibles ... Search Our Site
DIRECTORY OF COUNTRIES*
The following table lists some of the ethnic peoples living in the United States, with links to additional information if available. This list is alphabetized by Country
See also the list alphabetized by Language COUNTRY LANGUAGE(S) Afghanistan Dari (called Farsi in Iran ) and Pashto (aka Pushto) are the official languages. There are also about one million speakers of Uzbek, one-half million speakers of Turkmen (aka Turkoman), and about one-half million speakers of Brahui Albania Albanian Algeria Arabic , Among Berber languages, Kabyle is predominant. Argentina Spanish , Pampa Armenia Armenian Austria German Azerbaijan Azeri Bahrain Arabic Bangladesh Bengali is predominant, Brahui is spoken by a small minority. Belgium Flemish and French are the official languages. Belorussia Belorussian, Russian Belize Garifuna Bhutan Jonkha is the official language. Nepali is also spoken. Bolivia The official language is Spanish , which is spoken by less than 40 percent of the population. The predominant Indian languages are Quechua, Aymara, and Saramo (aka Itonama; spoken by less than 19 percent of the population). Bosnia Serbo-Croation Brazil Portuguese Brunei Visayak Bulgaria Bulgarian Burkina Faso French is the official language. Mossi (aka More) is the predominant native language. Gurma, Fulani, Dejula, and Tuareg are also spoken.

43. Trickster - Encyclopedia Article About Trickster. Free Access, No Registration N
Indians, Amerindians, Amerinds, or Red Indians) are indigenous peoples and descendants of It includes the Ashanti, the fante and the Nzema peoples of Ghana
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/trickster
Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia
Trickster
Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition In the study of mythology This article is about a system of myths. For the 1942 book Mythology, see its author Edith Hamilton. A mythology is a relatively cohesive set of myths: stories that comprise a certain religion or belief system.
What is mythology?
Myths are generally stories based on tradition and legend designed to explain the universal and local beginnings ("creation myths and
Click the link for more information. and religion A religion is commonly defined as the social expression of attitudes, beliefs, and practices related to the supernatural or the sacred. Religion also functions in many human communities as a means by which the origin of the world around them, and such mysteries as life, death, and their meaning are explained. However, what actually constitutes a religion is subject to much dispute in the fields of theology, sociology, anthropology, and among ordinary people.
Click the link for more information.

44. Typesetting African Languages, By Conrad Taylor
London based health project for people of recent africa has over 2,000 indigenous languages, of which Swahili Tswana Twi (Akan, fante, Ashanti) Wolof
http://www.ideography.co.uk/library/afrolingua.html
Typesetting African languages
Report of an investigation
by Conrad Taylor

Front cover of the report; the map shows where some 90 languages are spoken, and the four language family groupings as coloured zones.
First page of the report main body, which is illustrated with many diagrams, screen images etc.
A sample page from the character set appendix; this page shows the requirements of the West Atlantic language Wolof. Characters in red pose a special difficulty and usually require custom letterforms; accented vowels in green can be set with existing fonts.
This Web page provides a description of the 54-page document " Typesetting African languages " which I prepared in May 2000, a list of contents , and links by which to download an Acrobat PDF version either in whole or in parts. I have recently had some voluntary involvement in the work of a London- based health project for people of recent African origin, such as refugees and first- generation immigrants. Through this contact I came to consider the problems of providing printed materials such as publicity and health information in African languages.
The problem...

45. Welcome To UCLA Fowler Museum Of Cultural History
are loving statements of the value the indigenous peoples of the Figurative Sculpture of the Baule peoples, Cote d L. Joss Collection at UCLA fante Warrior Flags
http://www.fowler.ucla.edu/incEngine/?content=cm&cm=past&im_sort=desc&im_order=e

46. In These Times 25/16 -- Out Of Africa
indigenous expression took on fresh value Fang or Kuba in the Congo, the Asante or fante in Ghana to plundering so many art objects of a conquered people over so
http://www.inthesetimes.com/issue/25/16/zachary2516b.html
sitemap Nearly a half century since the decolonization of Africa, the question remains: Why is Europe still the best place to view or buy traditional and tribal African art? While the world has started to pay attention to the collapse of health care systems in sub-Saharan Africaand the concomitant spread of AIDS and the resurgence of "vanquished" diseases such as malaria and tuberculosislittle is said about the continent's cultural collapse. The governments that have plundered the continent's resources also have ignored the vast cultural treasures in their countries. Only African music retains a firm footing, because of its commercial base and vague attraction to listeners of Western pop. But Africa's great traditions of sculpture, mask-making and textile design are poorly 16th century ivory Benin mask, seized
by British invaders in 1897.

BRITISH MUSEUM recognized at home. Even behemoths such as Nigeria, Africa's most populous nation, or South Africa, the richest nation of black Africa, boast no museums where visitors are presented with anything like the breadth, diversity and sheer quality of the art produced across the continent. Instead, museums in Africa tend toward the local and disconnected. And that's in places where museum curators aren't selling off pieces themselves or conspiring with thieves. To get a feel for the immense diversity of tribal African art requires a visit not to Africa, but to London, Paris, Berlin, Brussels, New York, Washington or Los Angeles.

47. Outsider Ink - Outsider Classic
the impact of colonialism/capitalism on indigenous culture. the impact of westernization on the people of africa John fante (1909 1983) John fanteJohn fante
http://outsiderink.com/outsiders/previous.php
Outsider Ink - Summer 2004
Fiction By:

Luke Buckham

Dana Michelle Burnett

Michael Davidson

Jim Donadio
...
Jessica Treat

Poetry By:
Jéanpaul Ferro

Artwork:
X-8
Spotlight on: Corey Mesler Quick Links OI Archive Artist Spotlight Current Issue 2004 - Spring 2003 - Winter 2003 - Fall 2003 - Summer 2003 - Spring 2002 - Winter 2002 - Fall 2002 - Summer 2002 - Spring 2001 - Winter 2001 - Fall 2001 - Summer 2001 - Spring 2000 - Winter 2000 - Fall 2000 - Summer 2000 - Spring 1999 - Winter 1999 - Fall Outsider Classic Contributor's Updates Contest Submission Guidelines Subscribe to OI Online Community Main Index [outsider classic] The Woman in the Dunes Chinua Achebe (b 1930) Chinua Achebe, the preeminent Nigerian writer, is known for his work focused on the short and long-term effects of English colonization upon Africa's people. His fiction and essays cover the dissolution of an ancient culture forced to give up its heritage by a 'domesticated' invasion. Achebe empowers his reader to come to an understanding of what has been lost to the subjugated culture, and by working in English, he is able to appeal to those responsible. His first novel, Things Fall Apart , follows the swift undoing of a great man by the changes wrought from colonization. Achebe has modeled his work on the African oral tradition that "art is, and always was, at the service of man" and writes stories with a human purpose. As an author, he has used his work to enlighten the world, and allowed us to understand his, remaining true to his heritage of passing down knowledge through the act of telling a story.

48. Zegional Africa Ghana Society And Culture Polish Yellow Pages
The African Flags of the fante An exuberant Research Centre- Documenting the indigenous African culture the 19th Century, the Asante people developed their
http://www.yellowpages.pl/ca/97985/Regional/Africa/Ghana/Society_and_Culture/
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49. Wauu.DE: Regional: Africa: Ghana: Society And Culture
The African Flags of the fante An exuberant Blakhud Research Centre Documenting the indigenous African culture which offers treatment for people suffering from
http://www.wauu.de/Regional/Africa/Ghana/Society_and_Culture/
Home Regional Africa Ghana : Society and Culture Search DMOZ-Verzeichnis:
All Categories Categories Onlye
Kategorien:
History Personal Pages Religion
Links:
  • 31st December Women's Movement
    This Movement is a broad based development oriented NGO which aspires to see women empowered politically and equipped adequately to face the challenges for the betterment of society.
    http://www.africaonline.com.gh/31dwm/
  • African Security Dialogue and Research
    An independent NGO specializing in issues of security and their relationship with democratic consolidation. Site contains aims and contact information. Accra.
    http://www.kabissa.org/links/detailed/468.html
  • Akan Architecture Symbols
    Dr George Kojo Arthur and Prof. Robert Rowe of Marshall University examine the decorative symbols used in buildings of the Akan people of Ghana.
    http://web.marshall.edu/akanart//akanadansie.html
  • Akuapem Development Foundation NGO for social services: aims and objectives, structure and staff, achievements and successes, recognition and membership. http://www.kabissa.org/adf/

50. Africa Update Archives
classificat ion of African languages; indigenous African pictographic Gullah comes from the Gola people who came n the Ashante Twi, Ewe and fante, Ga, terms
http://www.ccsu.edu/Afstudy/upd4-3.html
Vol. IV, no. 3 (Summer 1997) Pan-African Language Patterns Revisited. HOME ARCHIVES
Table of contents
Pan-African Language Patterns Revisited
In the Spring issue of Africa Update we included perspectives on African-French linguistic interaction as well as Afro-Jamaican language patterns. We complete the discussion of the pan-African linguistic system by examining the African-American dim ension. In response to our request for an up-to-date account of the "Ebonics" debate and aspects of continental African impact on African-American speech patterns, Dr. Katherine Harris has provided us with a scholarly detailed analysis which we are proud to include in this issue. She provided us with more than seventy references but because of our limited space we found it necessary to reduce these to a few selected references. Readers who are interested in the full body of references should fe el free to contact us for this. Dr. Harris argues that the Ebonics debate intersects some important issues such as the geographical configurations of Africa in the 1500's and after; the linguistic heritage of those Africans that were EXPATRIATED to the Americas; the ongoing classificat ion of African languages; indigenous African pictographic and other systems of writing; and the interesting issue of vocabulary retention. She informs the reader of a wide range of terms that are of continental African origin, and which have become embedd ed in African-American speech in particular and American speech in general. There is also emphasis on some of the structural changes which have also taken place.

51. Economic History (EH1050) -uz
Aftermath of the Slave Trade A Case Study for the fante , Int. LB The Volta River Salt Trade the Survival of an indigenous Industry , JAH The peoples of the
http://www.uz.ac.zw/arts/econhist/eh1050.htm

52. Probert Encyclopaedia: General Information (F)
fante. The Fescennine Verses were ancient indigenous Roman songs, composed extempore, and given by Tylor to the instrument used by Aboriginal peoples around the
http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/A6.HTM
Browse: General Information Actors People Gazetteer ... Dictionary
General Information (F)
(Translations provided by freetranslation.com
FABACEOUS
Fabaceous describes something that has the nature of a bean or is like a bean.
FABIAN POLICY
A Fabian policy is a policy of delays and cautions. It is so called after the style of policy used by Fabiu Maximus, who, by carefully avoiding decisive contests, foiled Hannibal , harassing his army by marches, counter- marches, and Ambuscades.
FABIAN SOCIETY
The Fabian Society is a socialist association founded in London in 1883 which aims at the reorganisation of society by the emancipation of land and capital from individual and class ownership, and the vesting of them in the community for the general benefit.
FABLIAU
Fabliau is a form of early French literature consisting of short versified tales, comic in spirit and intended primarily for recitation. They were mainly written between the 12th and 14th centuries in northern France , and caricature every subject, but particularly women.
FAC
A fac (from a shortening of facsimile) is a large ornamental letter used, especially by the early printers, at the commencement of the chapters and other divisions of a book.

53. Ama, A Story Of The Atlantic Slave Trade: Texts And Sources: Dagomba
for trade in markets on N frontier of fante. themselves as a ruling class on established stateless peoples. The indigenous people figure in Dagomba myth as the
http://www.ama.africatoday.com/dagomba_m.htm
DAGOMBA HISTORY, CULTURE, RELIGION, ECONOMY Please click on the bulleted headings to toggle text.
  • Arhin, Kwame, Traditional Rule in Ghana, Past and Present, SEDCO, ISBN 9964 72 033 5 no date.
    • 43 Succession to Dagbon 'skins.' 'Skins' are material symbols of traditional political office in the northern and upper regions, just as stools are symbols of traditional political office in central and southern Ghana. . . The state of Dagbon . . . was basically a union of autonomous states, with the head of one of them elevated above the others as the 'first among equals.' . . . the Na of Yendi was Na of all Nas.
      44 . . . the officials of the Na's court differed from those of ohene's court in being predominantly eunuchs.
    Bowdich, T. E., Mission from Cape Coast to Ashantee 1819 (notes)
    • 177 7 days from Sallagah NE according to the Moors through the Inta town of Zongoo is Yahndi (Yendi) the capital of Dagwumba.
      178 Yahndi is described to be beyond comparison larger than Coomassie, the houses much better built and ornamented. Ashantees lost themselves in the streets. The King Inana Taquanee, has been converted by the Moors, who have settled there in great numbers. The markets at Yahndi are described as animated scenes of commerce, constantly crowded with merchants from almost all countries of the interior. Horses and cattle abound. Yahndi is named after the numeral one, from its pre-eminence.

54. Questia Online Library - The Online Library (3)
in on, and critically deal with the indigenous factors Hausa, Igbo, Xhosa, Zulu, Shona, Ewe, fante Asante etc Emigration and Destiny of the Colored People of the
http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001450079

55. Ridgeart
aspirations of the poor and disenfranchised people of Haiti indigenous flags may have existed in africa before the of Dahoumy (Bénin) and the fante Asafo flags
http://www.ridgeart.com/flagsinfo.html
Click Here for Reference Books on Haitian Art More... Antiques Prints ... Flags 21 Harrison St. Oak Park, IL 60304 Phone: 1-888-269-0693 or 708-848-4062 Fax: 708-383-2160 Email: ridgeart@comcast.net Ridge Art Ridge Art Links Contact Us How to Buy About Us Home 21 Harrison St. Oak Park, IL 60304 Phone: 1-888-269-0693 or 708-848-4062 Fax: 708-383-2160 Email: ridgeart@comcast.net Flags Metals Paintings ... More... Sequin Flags of Haiti Click Here for Reference Books on Haitian Art In order to understand the significance of a Haitian drapo Vodou, we have to understand what Haitian Vodou is. Vodou is a system of beliefs honoring the African ancestral spirits that emerged in response to chattel slavery. Vodou is above all a political religion that is practiced by 90% of the population in Haiti, that is, the poor working class and the peasantry. The predominant elements of the religion come from the old African religions that the slaves brought with them mixed with the Catholicism that the French forced upon them. It also contains elements from the culture of the Taino, the indigenous people who inhabited the island of Hispanola when Columbus first landed. The Taino were enslaved by the Spanish and were, subsequently, exterminated for the most part in a short period of time to be replaced by Africans. Some Taino managed to survive in the mountains and intermarried with escaped African slaves who adopted some of their religious practices. Drapo Vodou is the artistic expression of the religion of Vodou. As a genre it contains elements from both African and European religious traditions. Originally, the flags were used solely for ceremonial purposes but in the 50's collectors started to buy the flags and the priests (or oungan) started to make them to raise money for their congregations.

56. University Of Ghana
an intensive study of the fante states bordering the rights of minorities and indigenous people, the international from the many traditions of africa and the
http://www.ncsu.edu/studyabroad/places/africa/ghanaclasses.html
Places and Programs University of Ghana
Course Descriptions The University of Ghana currently does not publish course descriptions. Please note that many other courses are available; these descriptions cover only courses recently taken by U.S. students in Ghana. For a complete list of available courses (without description), see the U. of Ghana website or catalog.
  • SPEC 303-Twi
    This is a basic course in Asante Twi for beginners covering the Twi alphabet and sounds; verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, postpositions, and interrogatives; and simple expressions such as greetings, numbers, days of the week, etc. This course is required for all NC State Study Abroad Program participants.
Institute for African Studies
  • AFST 250 Course A6: African Popular Culture: Traditional Festivals and Funeral Ceremonies
    This course examines traditional festivals and funeral ceremonies as two components of African popular culture, paying particular attention to their social conflicts and their social roles in Africa. The course takes a sociological perspective with a focus on Ghanaian societies and with examples drawn from across Africa.
School of Administration
  • ADMN 311 Health Services Management
    This course is designed for students specializing in the study of health services management. It provides an overview of the management of organizations engaged in the delivery of health services, including such topics as the health care delivery system; the management process and managerial roles; resource planning, utilization, and control; problem solving and decision making; human resources; and organizational dynamics and change.

57. Entrepreneurial Women In Ghanaian Canoe Fisheries: Bibliography
Meillassoux, C. (Ed.), The Development of indigenous Trade and Styles; an Examination of Coastal fante Businesswomen. 1950, Akan and GaAdangme peoples of the
http://www.fou.uib.no/fd/1996/f/712002/biblio.htm
Entrepreneurial Women in Ghanaian Canoe Fisheries
The case of the Fante fishing town Moree
Bibliography
Abu, K. 1983, "The Separateness of Spouses: Conjugal Relations in an Ashanti Town". In: Oppong, C. (Ed.), Female and Male in West Africa.
Barth, F. (Ed.), 1963, The Role of the Entrepreneur in Social Change in Northern Norway . Universitetsforlaget, Bergen and Oslo.
Bleek, W. 1987, "Family and Family Planning in Southern Ghana". In: Oppong, C. (Ed.), Sex Roles, Population and Development in West Africa . Heinemann, London.
Boserup, E. 1989, Woman's Role in Economic Development . Earthscan Publications, London.
Chauveau, J-P., and A. Samba, 1988, "Market Development, Government Interventions and the Dynamics of the Small-scale Fishing Sector: An Historical Perspective of the Senegalese Case". Development and Change , 20 (4), pp. 599-620.
Christensen, J.B. 1977, "Motor Power and Women Power: Technological and Economic Change among the Fanti Fishermen of Ghana", In: Smith, E.M. (Ed.), Those who Live From the Sea. A study in Maritime Anthropology . West Publishing, New York.

58. Akan-ashanti
and cultural anthropologists classify the indigenous people of Ghana Twispeaking branch of the Akan people, have exercised and 1816) against the fante and by
http://www.beepworld.de/members18/shika-gold/ashanti.htm
Zurück On the basis of language and culture, historical geographers and cultural anthropologists classify the indigenous people of Ghana into five major groups. These are the Akan, the Ewe, MoleDagbane , the Guan, and the Ga-Adangbe.
The Akan Group
The Akan people occupy practically the whole of Ghana south and west of the Black Volta. Historical accounts suggest that Akan groups migrated from the north to occupy the forest and coastal areas of the south as early as the thirteenth century. Some of the Akan ended up in the eastern section of Côte d'Ivoire, where they created the Baule community. When Europeans arrived at the coast in the fifteenth century, the Akan were established there. The typical political unit was the small state under the headship of an elder from one of the seven or eight clans that composed Akan society. From these units emerged several powerful states, of which the oldest is thought to be Bono (also called Brong). As a result of military conquests and partial assimilation of weaker groups, well-known political entities, such as Akwamu, Asante , Akyem, Denkyira, and Fante emerged before the close of the seventeenth century. Asante, for example, continued to expand throughout the eighteenth century and survived as an imperial power until the end of the nineteenth century, when it succumbed to British rule

59. Joshua Project - Peoples By Country Profiles
People Name General Kamara. indigenous Fellowship of 100+
http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rop3=104505&rog3=GH

60. Joshua Project - Peoples By Country Profiles
People Name General Bozo, Sorogama. indigenous Fellowship of 100
http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rop3=109426&rog3=IV

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