21. Report On The Implementation Of The Plan Of with those groups (women, indigenous peoples, children, migrants africa Adja Afrikaans Akuapem Twi Amharic Arabic Ditammari English Ewe/Eve fante Fon French http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(Symbol)/E.CN.4.1999.87.En?OpenDocum

22. Africa Indigenous People Resources Bangwa africa, african Anthropology General Resources. By peoples http://www.archaeolink.com/africa_indigenous_people_resourc.htm

Bangwa Home Africa, African Anthropology General Resources By peoples Akan Akuapem Akye Anyi ... Zulu ArtWorld AFRICA -Bangwa "The Bangwa occupy a mountainous and part forested countryside west of the Bamileke in south-eastern Cameroon, near the headwaters of the Cross River. They comprise nine chiefdoms. People live in separate family compounds, sometimes with large meeting houses where visitors may be received." - From University of Durham - http://artworld.uea.ac.uk/teaching_modules/africa/cultural_groups_by_country/bangwa/welcome.html Bangwa People "Authority among the Bangwa was traditionally instituted as part of the Bamileke political complex. Like most of the western Grasslands people, Babanki political authority is vested in a village chief, who is supported by a council of elders, and is called Fon." You will find material related to Bangwa history, culture, arts, political structure and more. - From University of Iowa - http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Bangwa.html

23. Africa the first language of most people is one Nyanja, Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages, danakil) afrikaans afusare agarakan (twi, fante, ashanti, akoli http://www.ethiotrans.com/africa.htm

Home About Africa Services Health Education Portfolio Get Quote ... ALRC County Flag Language Support Algeria Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects Yes Angola Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages Yes Benin French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north) Yes Botswana English (official), Setswana Yes Burkina Faso French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population Yes Burundi Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) Yes Cameroon 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official) Yes Central African Republic French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), Arabic, Hunsa, Swahili Yes Chad French (official), Arabic (official), Sara and Sango (in south), more than 100 different languages and dialects Yes Congo, Democratic Republic of the

24. Africa Direct-Ethnographic Art, Trade Beads, Masks, Carvings, Artifacts, Textile Fantastic carving. Old indigenous repair of crack near top. . . . Bamileke People. Camaroon. fante doll with cobraOLD $282.00. Carved doll. fante. Ghana. http://www.africadirect.com/specials2.html?category=Specials&pagenum=25&start=72

25. Africa Direct-Ethnographic Art, Trade Beads, Masks, Carvings, Artifacts, Textile . Fine fante female medicine figurelarger $239.00. Height is 25 inches. Cracked side has indigenous repair. Pende People....... . Full http://www.africadirect.com/specials2.html?category=Specials&pagenum=20&start=57

26. MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Africa African qualities and strengthening indigenous African religious the states of the Dyula people in the themselves with the coastal fante people, bitter rivals http://encarta.msn.com/text_761572628___107/Africa.html

Print Preview Africa Article View On the File menu, click Print to print the information. Africa V. History At some point between 130,000 and 90,000 years ago the first true human beings, Homo sapiens, evolved in eastern and southern Africa. These Stone Age humans had the same capacity for thought as modern human beings. They were capable of making tools such as hooks and needles made of bone, and precise stone blades. These stone blades could be used as scrapers and hand-knives, or attached to poles and sticks for use as spears or arrows. By 90,000 years ago Homo sapiens had begun to move out of Africa into the Middle East, Europe, Central Asia, and beyond. All modern human beings are descended from these original African ancestors. A. Early Africans By 40,000 years ago people could be found hunting and gathering food across most of the regions of Africa. Populations in different regions employed various technological developments in adapting to their different environments and climates. The most notable adaptations occurred in response to major climate changes. A.1.

27. Liberia Country Study of that country s population, the fante in Liberia size of each of the three least numerous indigenous peoples. territory associated with a people who refer to http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/1985/liberia_2_ethnic-cat-

Back to the Table of Contents Ethnic Categories: The Tribal Peoples Estimates of the number of ethnic categories adequate to the classification of Liberia's indigenous communities have ranged from 28 to the 16 officially recognized tribes. The variation reflected shifting and uncertain notions of what constituted an ethnic group and a lack of systematic knowledge of many of the peoples of Liberia. As that knowledge has been accumulated, it has become clear that few if any of the ethnic categories arbitrarily established and named by the government authorities were characterized by the elements usually considered in defining an ethnic group. In these circumstances sections of the recognized categories have deemed themselves (or have been regarded by various observers) as separate entities. One of the clearest in stances of this has been the Sapo, a cluster of communities officially included with the Krahn for statistical and other purposes but which has sought independent status as a tribe. In addition to the recognized indigenous ethnic categories, one foreign group, the Fante, was singled out in the 1974 census. A coastal people originating in Ghana and constituting a substantial proportion of that country's population, the Fante in Liberia roughly matched the size of each of the three least numerous indigenous peoples. Well established in Liberia, they were overwhelmingly urban (located mainly in or near Monrovia), and many held jobs requiring literacy.

28. A airforce ranks (south africa) army air corps (u.s. socialist yugoslavia aircraft markings south africa air force ensigns american indigenous peoples antigua and barbuda http://www.fotw.net/flags/keyworda.html

A List of keywords beginning with A Last modified: Keywords: web index keywords Links: FOTW homepage search write us mirrors Keywords beginning with a b c d ... z a'eblin local council of a'eblin (israel) corunna province (galicia, spain) a i regimental flags of the imperial russian army (ca. 1803) a indomada a indomada (tv) a ok subdivisions of the soviet union a. rigaud nogueira a. rigaud nogueira’s proposal for the new portuguese national flag (1910-1911) a.p.s. a.p.s.’ proposal for the new portuguese national flag (1910-1911) a anarchism antarctica — flag proposals house flags of moroccan shipping companies santiago region (chile) ... azerbaijan in the soviet union (early flags) aa en hunze aa en hunze (the netherlands) aac coimbra municipality (portugal) aachen city of aachen (north rhine-westphalia, germany) aaland islands 'finnish' flag of aaland islands (finland) 'swedish' flag for aaland islands (finland) aaland islands (finland) aaland islands post road flag (finland) ... triband for the aaland islands (finland) aalburg aalburg (the netherlands) aalsmeer aalsmeer (the netherlands) aalst aalst (municipality, province of east flanders, belgium)

29. MOST Ethno-Net Publication: Anthropology Of Africa groups like the Yoruba, Edo, fante were able Ethnicity in postcolonial africa is principally a the new social structure the indigenous people found themselves http://www.ethnonet-africa.org/pubs/p95modo.htm

MOST ETHNO-NET AFRICA PUBLICATIONS Anthropology of Africa and the Challenges of the Third Millennium - Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflicts, PAAA / APA, 1999 An Anthropologist’s View of Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflicts in Africa I.V.O. Modo Department of Social Anthropology/Sociology National University of Lesotho P.O. Roma 180 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Ethnicity denotes an extreme consciousness of and loyalty to a particular linguistic and cultural group unidentified with any other group (Udoh 1998:38). Such groups usually possess myth of origin, traceable to an epical ancestor or ancestress. With a strong ruling house such ethnic groups like the Yoruba, Edo, Fante were able to organize themselves into Empire or Kingdoms, conquering and incorporating other lesser ethnic groups as vassals. With the coming of colonial masters, treaties were signed with such kingdoms wherever they existed; especially during the 17th and 18th centuries (Bradbury et al 1965; Igbafe 1972). Origin of ethnicity in Africa Ethnicity in post-colonial Africa is principally a response to the new social structure the indigenous people found themselves in during the colonial era and at independence. The cultural upbringing is seriously at variance with the social processes of the modern era. Bohannan (1957) speaks of the philosophy of limited good among the Tiv of Nigeria. All goods are communally owned and so the possession of a good by one person is the loss of that good by another. This concept is applicable to every tribe in most circumstances. Ethnic discrimination has its root in the favouritism shown to kin group members as could be seen from the principle of segmentary opposition among the Tiv of Nigeria (Bohannan 1969) or Nuer of Southern Sudan (Evans-Pritchard 1940).

30. Akan People cultured indigenous inhabitants of africa. There are many groups that constitute the Akan people. They can be divided and subdivided into the Twi, the fante, http://www.ushaka.com/akanpeople2.html

THE TWI SPEAKING PEOPLE The history of Ghana is, in fact, the history of the Twi speaking people who now call themselves the Akan. The Akan people are among the most prominent and traditionally well-cultured indigenous inhabitants of Africa. There are many groups that constitute the Akan people. They can be divided and subdivided into the Twi, the Fante, Akim, Ashanti, Juaben, and Agona people who respect and believe in tradition. As reflected in their life style, all-important events in life involve various rituals and rites. From the Adae to the Odiwira to the Homowo to the Damba to the Yam festival, Ghana is a land of rituals, shrines and festivals. Of significance in the Akan culture is the symbolic representation of the “Stool.” In general, the stool symbolizes the “soul of the nation.” It is believed that the stool is a representative (repository) of the Ancestors. Thus, the stool itself inspires and is accorded great honor and respect. Another important culture symbol of the Akan people is the Kente fabric. The precious Kente is the cultural identity and landmark symbol of the Akan people. Historically, this precious Kente assisted in serving as a goal of healing and unifying the fragmented elements of the Akan People into a whole, a Nation. The precious Kente is now the National Symbol of Ghana, West Africa. The production of this precious Kente is over 10,000 years old. The Akan people have lived and ruled their land for thousands of years before they experienced the consecutive disruptions by Arab, Portuguese, Dutch, and British invasion and domination. When the Portuguese invaded the West Coast of Africa in 1471, they found a people rich in history, culture, and tradition and gold. As a result of not appreciating the spiritual significance of the culture and history, the Portuguese focused on the material abundance of the gold and named the region the “Gold Coast.”

31. Country Information - 66 Poverty is a violation of peoples rights Rights Languages, English (official); indigenous African languages (including Asante Twi, Akuapim Twi, fante, Ewe, Ga http://www.countrywatch.com/@school/cw_country.asp?vcountry=66

32. Ghana - Countrywatch.com is a violation of peoples rights Rights Languages English (official); indigenous African languages (including Asante Twi, Akuapim Twi, fante, Ewe, Ga http://www.countrywatch.com/cw_country.asp?vcountry=66

33. African Drums The most pure indigenous Ga medicine rhythm/dance performed A faction of fante now assimilated into the Ga Empire of West africa, drum of the Mandingo people. http://www.ghanaculture.iinet.net.au/drumming.html

African Drums About Ghana The Ga People ... HOME I n the West African country of Ghana, rhythmic drumming is heard everywhere and a daily part of living. Various types of drums are made from wood and animal skins. Other percussion instruments, such as bells, shakers and Aslatua are usually crafted out of gourds. These drums are traditionally played on their own or as a rhythm-base to singing or dancing. Here you can see Judith and friends playing Kpaalogo and Djembé drums in Ghana. Ga rhythm, dance and song, like that of other African tribes, can be divided into ritual and social. The ritual category contains spiritual or medicine rhythms, royal rhythms, and secular non-royal ritual rhythms. This is classic music played strictly the same for particular occasions. Social Ga rhythm, however, is played primarily for enjoyment at any time that no ritual rhythm supersedes it, and not only allows great creativity, but demands it. Here you will find detailed descriptions of some of the Ga drums and traditions behind them: KPELE The most pure indigenous Ga medicine rhythm/dance performed throughout all Ga territory is Kpele. All Kpele songs are in the Ga language and the rhythm also provides the foundation for the royal Ga rhythm Obonu, featuring two large 4' tall obonu drums. Kpele drums include Kpele ampah , the master or leading drum played with two straight wooden sticks (pictured center), and two supporting drums: adowantsre , also played with two straight sticks (right), and pretia, played with long wooden sticks with heads having a bent appearance, known as akatankro (left). The drums are covered with white clay for purification and decoration. Two loud ngongon single bells, a lower pitched male and higher pitched female each played with a wooden stick, complete the set and ground the rhythm.

34. CAMNET Archives -- December 2003 (#294) It was in the framework of the indigenous african institutions in africa The Ashanti King taking fante slaves, etc market and just grabbed his people to sell http://listserv.cnr.it/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0312&L=camnet&F=&S=&P=38282

35. CAMNET Archives -- December 2003 (#332) was in the framework of the indigenous african institutions africa The Ashanti King taking fante slaves, etc. market and just grabbed his people to sell http://listserv.cnr.it/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0312&L=camnet&F=&S=&P=43460

36. AfricaRevealed - The Precolonial Period themselves on many of the indigenous peoples of the of the earlier conquests had subjugated other Akan peoples. antagonistic, with the coastal fante, GaAdangbe http://www.africarevealed.com/Templates/er2.0/bundle/default.jsp?nodeId=83161

37. Africa Online: Music of European foxtrots and Caribbean kaiso, such indigenous rhythms as osibisaba (fante), ashiko (Sierra which was more popular among the common people and in http://wus.africaonline.com/AfricaOnline/music/Ghana.html

GHANA Highlife instantly connotes Ghana 's popular music, but this upbeat, horn-inflected sound has had a long evolution since its 1920's beginnings. When large dance orchestras of this period, like the Jazz Kings, Cape Coast Sugar Babies and Accra Orchestra began playing at swank dance clubs along the West Coast, the term highlife reflected not only the style of music, but the lifestyle of its patrons. As E.T. Mensah's brother Yebuah related to writer John Collins: "The people outside (the clubs) called it highlife as they did not reach the class of the couples going inside who not only had to pay a relatively high entrance fee of about seven shillings and sixpence, but also had to wear full evening dress, including top hats if they could afford it." Highlife mixed into the blend of European foxtrots and Caribbean kaiso, such indigenous rhythms as osibisaba (Fante), ashiko (Sierra Leone), dagomba (Liberian guitar style). and gombe (from Sierre Leone via Jamaican Maroons). This rich melange became known as "highlife", and the highlife of the 1920's itself fostered two main hybrids: dance band highlife which continued its association with the urban elite, and

38. Africa Online - Ghana: Travel Many villages have these traditional fante military fortresses as a cultural forum for Africans, people of African and other game fish using indigenous canoes. http://www.africaonline.com.gh/AfricaOnline/travel/overview.html

The Central Region: Discover our Treasures Come to Ghana's Gold Coast Ghana, situated between the Cote d'Ivoire and Togo on the West Coast of Africa, is one of the Continent's most beautiful countries. From its picturesque, coastal location to its wide range of attractions and amenities, Ghana appeals to a diverse group of travelers. For those seeking a rich and vibrant culture, sun-drenched beaches with pristine swimming, ancient European castles, lush tropical forests, colorful festivals celebrating the chieftaincy, mouth-watering seafood and Africa's friendliest people, Ghana is a wonderful find. The exuberant Ghanaian hospitality - expressed heartily in the traditional greeting "akwaaba" or "welcome" - will warm you. You will feel at home in Ghana, the land of legends, while discovering its unparalleled traditions and beauty. Formerly called the Gold Coast by Europeans who came to the country's shores initially in search of gold and later for slaves, Ghana derives its post-independence name from an ancient, powerful kingdom. The splendor of the past remains alive today in the religious royalty of the village chiefs, the magnificent works of art in bronze, wood and stone, and the life rhythms of the village, marketplace and fishing port. A trip to Ghana would not be complete without a visit to Cape Coast, the capital city of Ghana's legendary Central Region. Located one and a half hours directly west of Accra, Cape Coast is the hear of Ghana's rich historical past. It will offer the visitor a unique view of Ghana as the first point of contact and former center of European colonial activity on Africa's West Coast. Three of the Central Region's most prominent fortifications, Cape Coast and Elmina Castles and Fort St. Jago, officially designated as World Heritage Sites by the United Nations, record the horror of the millions of Africans who were captured, enslaved and shipped to the Americas.

39. Atlantic Social Studies Curriculum Grade 6 610, indigenous peoples of North America. The Iroquois, Bjornlund, 1-56006-618-0. 7-12, The Heritage Library of African peoples. fante, Okeke, 0-8239-1981-1. http://www.saundersbook.ca/curriculum/atlantic_soc_6.html

Serving School and Public Libraries For Over 40 years Back To Atlantic Curriculum Atlantic Social Studies Curriculum Grade 6 Curriculum Area R. L. Series Title / Book Title Author ISBN Grade 6 Unit 1: Roots of Culture: Canada Artisans Around the World North America Tull Canadian History New France and the Fur Trade Baldwin Indigenous Peoples of North America The Iroquois Bjornlund Native Americans of the Northwest Coast Jones Native Americans of the Northeast Kallen People Who Made History Native Americans Hook Modern Nations of the World Canada Grabowski Grade 6 Unit 2: Expressions of Culture: West Africa The Library of African American Arts and Culture African American Quilting Greg C. Wilson

40. African Books African Flags of the fante Peter Adler on strategies for ensuring the growth of indigenous African culture Yet there can be few historic peoples whose identity http://www.saxakali.com/BookStore/saxbsaf1.htm

Sax akali Book Store Environment Culture ... h Cultures in Africa Brown is the color of Earth General Egypt Morocco South Africa Order books today and save upto 30% off the list price General Jacqueline Chanda / Hardcover / Published 1994 Our Price: $17.47 ~ You Save: $7.48 (30%) Manthia Diawara / Hardcover / Published 1992 Our Price: $35.00 Notes: This book contains valuable information on the history of African film from colonial times to the present. It explains why film production in Africa is what it is today, from region to region. This is mainly a book on African film history, so reviews of films are not emphasized. African Culture : the Rhythms of Unity Molefi K. Asante (Editor), Kariamu Welsh Asante (Editor) / Paperback / Published 1989 Our Price: $11.96 ~ You Save: $2.99 (20%) African Experiences of Cinema Imruh Bakari (Editor), et al / Paperback / Published 1996 Our Price: $19.96 ~ You Save: $4.99 (20%) Card catalog description Brings together important historical documents, contemporary testimonies and critical essays. Film-makers, scholars and critics detail their responses to, and experiences of, the challenges of cinema across the African continent. From various perspectives, and informed by differing aspirations, the contributors explore the inter-relation of aesthetics, history, politics and ideology in African cinema, as well as the cultural, social and economic forces which blend to form this vital and important cinematic movement. African History and Culture Richard Olaniyan

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