81. World Fairs - Economic History World fairs Economic history - resources selection for A Souvenir of the Pan-AmericanExposition, Introduction. Terry s 1904 World s Fair Page, Introduction. http://www.electronics-ee.com/Business/Economic_History/World_Fairs.htm

World Fairs - Economic History - resources selection for business professionals, public policy makers, and the academic staff. 150 Jahre Weltausstellungen und Unternehmensgeschichte Introduction Introduction Expo of Expos Introduction Expositions 1851-1900 Introduction Expositions universelles Introduction International Exhibitions, Expositions Universelles, and World's Fairs, 1851-1951: A Bibliography Introduction PDF-file Introduction The Internet 1996 World Exposition Introduction Introduction La Page Francophone des Expositions Universelles Introduction The Paris Exhibitions Introduction 1851 Project: The Great Exhibition Introduction ArtServe Introduction The design of the Crystal Palace Introduction The Great Exhibition of 1851 Introduction Great Exhibition Collection Introduction The Illustrated London news Introduction Map of John Snow in 1859 Introduction Summerly's Exhibition and Paxton's Crystal Palace Introduction UMI Research Collections Introduction The Victorian Web Introduction Welcome to Great Exhibiton of Industries of All Nations Introduction Expo of Expos : Paris 1867 Introduction Expo of Expos : Vienna 1873 Introduction The Centennial Exhibition Introduction Expo of Expos : Paris 1878 Introduction Expo of Expos : Sydney 1879 Introduction De Internationale Koloniale en Uitvoerhandel Tentoonstelling Introduction The Eiffel Tower Introduction Expo of Expos : Paris 1889 Introduction World Fair 1889 Introduction Interactive Guide to the World's Columbian Exposition Introduction The Scott Hancock Site Introduction The World's Columbian Exposition: Idea, Experience, Aftermath

82. Gilded Age: 1892-1895: 1893 Chicago's World Fair At the fair s center visitors found a large in american history at the americanHistorical Association s meeting, held in conjunction with the exposition. http://dig.lib.niu.edu/gildedage/narr7.html

1892-1895: 1893 Chicago's World Fair by Drew VandeCreek, Ph.D. John Peter Altgeld became Illinois' first foreign-born governor after his election in 1892. Born in Germany but raised in Ohio, Altgeld found his way to Chicago after stops in Missouri. In Chicago he invested in real estate and became rich. He turned his legal practice to the lucrative field of corporation law, then became a judge. In his 1892 campaign as the Democratic candidate for governor, Altgeld supported labor, but remained quiet about the Haymarket affair. After his election however, Altgeld read the trail materials and pardoned the three remaining prisoners in a strongly worded statement that attacked the police and prosecutors. Altgeld's pardon inspired a frenzy of reproach among Republicans, whose newspapers called him a socialist and an anarchist. Altgeld's administration enforced labor legislation more thoroughly than his Republican predecessor's, and hired the reformer Florence Kelley as Chief Factory Inspector for the State of Illinois. Her close attention to working conditions outraged many industrialists, but it also brought issues of worker safety before the public as never before. Altgeld's urban reform efforts took place as the rural uprising against the nation's emerging economic arrangements reached its high water mark. In the 1870s farmers, including many in Illinois, had formed Granges devoted to self-help and political lobbying. In the 1880s many agriculturalists formed Farmer's Alliances, which established cooperative grain elevators and other ventures to free themselves from the power of highly organized businesses. Alliance meetings brought isolated farm families together to commiserate, listen to speakers, and enjoy amusements. By 1890 many state Alliances ran their own slates of political candidates, which won nine seats in the House of Representatives and two in the Senate.

83. Related Links Pacific International Exposition Map, 1915 Remnants of a Dream Souvenir Spoons Tourthe PPIE World s fairs expositions Defining America and the http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/reference/links.html

Reference Desk Reference Email Duplication Services Off-site Collections (NRLF) Rights and Permissions ... Resources for Faculty Research Materials African Americans in California Anthropology Collections Biography and Genealogy Incunabula Database ... Newspapers and Periodicals Related Links Special Bibliographic Files UCB Library Research Guides UCB Library Catalogs Bancroft Library Finding Aids Online Archive of California Pathfinder GLADIS ... Archives at UC Berkeley California History General African Americans in California Bancroft, Hubert H.(works of) Berkeley ... San Fernando Valley San Francisco General Churches Earthquake Genealogy ... Other Archives The American West Academic Info: The American West Digital Library The American West The American West (HarpWeek) Congress and the American West: The Transcontinental Railroad ... Women Artists of the American West: Past and Present Archives at UC Berkeley Architecture Slide Library Environmental Design Archives Media Resources Center Water Resources Center Archives California History General "California As I Saw It" (Library of Congress) California History California History Online (California Historical Society) California History - Social Science Project ... Westward By Sea: A Maritime Perspective on American Expansion California History African Americans in California African Americans in California California Underground Railroad, CSU, Sacramento

84. Ref.html Fair Journal of american history, December 1990 http://netrover.com/~berta/ref.html

Abercrombie, T.J. Kansai, Japan's Historic Hearthland, Hosts Expo'70 . National Geographic March 1970. Aimone, L., Olmo, C. Les Expositions Universelles 1851-1900 Appelbaum, S. The Chicago World's Fair of 1893 . New York: Dover Publications, 1980. Appelbaum, S. New York's World's Fair 1939/40 in 155 photographs by Richard Wurts and others. New York, Dover Publ. (1977). Benedict, B., The Anthropology of World's Fairs Bennet Patterson, C. The fair reopens (New York) . National Geographic April 1965. Bennet Patterson, C. Seattle Fair looks to the 21th Century . National Geographic September 1962. Billard, J.B. . National Geographic, May 1967. BIE. . (1997) Paris BIE BIE. Bulletin . (1997) Paris BIE Brunhammer, Y. . Paris: Les Presses de la Connaissance. 1976 Burg, David F. Chicago's White City of 1893 . Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky Press, (1976). Dodd, J., World Class Politics , rev. ed. (1988). BRUSSELS 58 Guide Dupuy, P.

85. The History Of Jim Crow lesson to the essays on the 1893 Columbian Exposition and the 1939 Fair, studentsresearch the difficulties faced by African Americans in these World fairs. http://www.jimcrowhistory.org/history/history.htm

From Terror to Triumph Creating Jim Crow In-Depth Essay Surviving Jim Crow ... Let Us Know! Jim Crow History Resources Richmond, VA Historical marker posted in the 1920s The history of Jim Crow encompassed every part of American life, from politics to education to sports. This section is a good place to begin to access historical background, source material, and lesson plans that utilize the materials in the Geography, Literature, and Teacher Resources sections. We suggest that you begin your exploration of Jim Crow history by reading the themed essay, "From Terror to Triumph", below, in order to get a holistic look at Jim Crow from many angles. If you'd like to create an essay or lesson plan on Jim Crow history, please Join Us ! All teachers are paid for the work they contribute. The Journal of American History gave Jimcrowhistory.org a rave review! Read it here. History Essays: (Many more essays and lesson plans are in development, if you would like to contribute for pay, Join Us All essays and lesson plans are available to print as Adobe PDF files. If you don't have the FREE Adobe Acrobat Reader, click here From Terror to Triumph: Historical Overview This historical overview is actually a group of five themed essays focusing on creating, surviving, resisting, escaping, and transcending Jim Crow oppression and discrimination. These themes divide the history of the Jim Crow era, and offer teachers an organizational framework for understanding and teaching the subject. Each of these themes is explored further in the In Depth link. These essays, and others in the Teacher Resources section, provide a wealth of information about the changes and continuity in the tortured history of African Americans as they experienced segregation and discrimination from the Reconstruction Era to the 1950s.

86. The History Of Jim Crow Anton Dvorak (see the lesson Africanamerican Artists in The for Colored People sDay at the Columbian Exposition. At the fair, he met Paul Laurence Dunbar http://www.jimcrowhistory.org/resources/lessonplans/hs_lp_worldfair_advertise.ht

Jim Crow Gateway Lesson Plans Simulations Narratives ... Let Us Know! Stereotypes at the World Fairs By David J. Cope Overview In this lesson, students will study primary and secondary sources to discover stereotypesand how they were createdthat African Americans faced during the Jim Crow era from the 1893 Columbian Exposition and the 1939 New York World’s Fair. Students then will research stereotypes in advertisements today. This lesson, easily adapted for upper elementary through high school students, serves as a great complimentary lesson to the beginnings of the Jim Crow era. Time Required One to two days for background readings, discussion, Internet research, and the in-class activity. Materials Needed Internet access to these sites: http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/wooda/149/149syllabus12racist2.html http://www.areditions.com/rr/rra/a025.html http://www.adage.com/century/ad_icons.html (If school Internet access is unavailable, teachers can print the necessary information and distribute) The Lesson Anticipatory Set Have the students define and come to a consensus on what a stereotype is. After writing their definition on the board, ask students to explore and discuss stereotyped groups within the school and their "characteristics" by answering these questions:

87. World's Fairs Links World s fairs and expositions Defining America and the World, 18761916. La PageFrancophone des expositions Universelles. Links world fairs and exhibitions. http://www.lib.csufresno.edu/subjectresources/specialcollections/worldfairs/othe

SPECIAL COLLECTIONS LIBRARY WORLD'S FAIRS LINKS Introduction Chronological list by decades Alphabetical list by city Fairs never held by date ... Links General The World's Fair and Exposition Information and Reference Guide World's Fairs and Expositions: Defining America and the World, 1876-1916 La Page Francophone des Expositions Universelles World's Fair links ... National Gallery of Art, Photographic Archives: Photographs of International Expositions Online Archive of California: [type in "expositions" in search box to get a general set of more than 2000 images from different expositions. Can narrow search later] University of California, Riverside, California Museum of Photography: The Golden Door: Immigration Images from the Keystone-Mast Collection, Expositions and World's Fairs Wikipedia,The Free Encyclopedia: List of world's fairs.

88. CyberBee Views of american main streets, landscapes, expositions, and other...... building styles, and 1939 New York World s Fair http//lcweb2 18511991 http://www.infotoday.com/MMSchools/may98/cybe0598.htm

May/June 1998 Cavalcade of American History by Linda C. Joseph, Library Media Specialist, Columbus (Ohio) Public Schools [Editor's note: URLs for Library of Congress American Memory collections mentioned in this article appear in the chart that follows.] Let's journey through history from the hand-written documents of the founding fathers to the social and cultural landscape of a growing nation. In words, pictures, and sounds, the Library of Congress American Memory collections offer us the unique opportunity to dig through original source material and bring living history into our classrooms. CyberBee brings you highlights from a few of the current collections and ways to use them with your students. IN WORDS . . . Words and Deeds in American History Read Benedict Arnold's plea to George Washington for his wife's safety after his traitorous act to the country and Washington's compassionate response. Glimpse the personal side of Theodore Roosevelt by reading an illustrated fable he sent to his young son in 1890. You probably won't find stories like these in a social studies textbook. By tapping into Words and Deeds in American History, you can give students insight about individuals in the context of the time period. The manuscript division holds the papers of 23 presidents, from George Washington to Calvin Coolidge, as well as material on African-American and women's history, literature, invention, and law. Draft copies of Langston Hughes's "Ballad of Booker T." and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's "The Village Blacksmith" are additional gems you will find.

89. CEC World's Fair Books: General America In Two Centuries series, traces the history of world exhibitions from theearly trade fairs in Europe to the first official international exposition http://cec.chebucto.org/Books/WFB/WFB-Gen.html

Coaster Enthusiasts of Canada BOOKS On The GENERAL SUBJECT OF WORLD'S FAIRS Books listed here are not on a specific World's Fair but give an overview of many fairs or discuss the impact of these exhibitions on history, society, architecture, technology, etc. Most have sections devoted to certain ones. Some address non-world's fairs, as well. Check listings on the general subject of Exhibitions because some have world's fair information. See the Fairs Book Header for books generally on Exhibitions or for a Specific Fair. THE FOLLOWING MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED ALL THE WORLD'S A FAIR: (1984) "Visions of Empire at American Expositions, 1876-1916" By Robert W. Rydell, *(Not Reviewed.) Published By: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226732401 Price: $20.00 ARCHITECTURE OF WORLD'S FAIRS 1851 - 1970 (1983 ?) By Wolfgang Friebe. Many photographs show the buildings of past fairs, many with site maps. *(Not Reviewed.) Published By: ISBN: Price: BOOKS OF THE FAIRS (1990) By Robert Rydell. This was part of a Smithsonian project and lists books, manuscripts, and pamphlets in their collection. It covers fairs and expositions from 1834 - 1915. Besides the bibliographical information, Rydell traces the evolution of fairs and discusses their history. *(Not Reviewed.) Published By: Research Publications U.S.A. ISBN: Price:

90. MSNBC - Documenting Blackness One must remember that if AfricanAmericans requested something like a had their ownseparate exhibitions at various world fairs and expositions when they http://www.msnbc.com/news/946688.asp

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money document.write('') Web Search: logoImg("http://sc.msn.com"); MSNBC News Alerts Newsletters Help ... MSNBC Shopping Search MSNBC: Advanced Search Documenting Blackness Is a national museum dedicated to African-American art and culture a good idea—or another form of segregation? By Gerald Early Newsweek Web Exclusive Updated: 10:24 a.m. ET July 31, 2003 July 31 - African-Americans occupy a contradictory place in American life. They feel they have been denied their history and in good measure, this is certainly true. What might be more accurate is that in the past, whites have used history as a way of denigrating blacks by saying they had no history that anyone was bound to respect. advertisement The second impulse is the belief in the redemptive power of “correct” historical knowledge. It is no surprise that a persecuted people whose historical past was so misrepresented would feel this way. This belief—coupled with the babble about “reconciliation” (borrowed from South Africa), “healing” and the like surrounding this new museum—places a psychotherapeutic weight upon the study and presentation of history that the subject itself seems quite unable to bear. Reducing history to psychotherapy is clearly dangerous and part of a tendency in our cultural life to make everything either “good” or “bad” for us. History becomes an ironic place in American society: a battleground for politics and a place to which one can appeal that transcends politics, the palimpsest that is an unalterable record of truth. Blacks feel this tension more acutely than most other Americans.

91. Book Review Book Review Raymond Starr, Book Review Editor. All the World s a Fair Visions ofEmpire at american International expositions, 18761916. http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/86summer/br-fair.htm

The Journal of San Diego History Summer 1986, Volume 32, Number 3 Contents of This Issue Book Review Raymond Starr, Book Review Editor All the World's a Fair: Visions of Empire at American International Expositions, 1876-1916. By Robert W. Rydell. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984. Bibliography. Illustrations. Index. x + 328 Pages. $27.50. Reviewed by Thomas R. Cox, Professor of History, San Diego State University and author of Mills and Markets and other works on late nineteenth and early twentieth century American history. American cities played host to twelve world fairs between 1876 and 1916, beginning with the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia and ending with San Diego's Panama-California Exposition. On the one hand, these fairs celebrated material and technological progress; and on the other, according to Robert Rydell in All the World's a Fair , they offered a view of strange lands and customs that was intended to reinforce racism and prepare Americans for imperialistic adventures. Rydell argues that racial and cultural stereotyping was peripheral to the main concerns of the Philadelphia exposition of 1876 and was implicitly rather than explicitly presented. However, by the Chicago fair of 1894 the racism had gained official sanction and a central place that it continued to hold in subsequent expositions, where it was presented with everincreasing sophistication. Rydell insists that the social and anthropological elements in these fairs were encouraged by an American elite endangered by popular, democratic forces and intent upon preserving its own dominance, and that the fairs shaped "the world view of millions of Americans" (p. 235). "Largely as a result of the expositions," he concludes, "nationalism and racism became crucial parts of the legitimizing ideology offered to a nation torn by class conflict" (p. 236).

92. Digital Archive Of American Architecture: Contents World s fairs. Public Comfort Building, Columbian Exposition, Chicago,1893; Top Ten Lists of american Buildings 1885 and 1986; http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/fa267/contents.html

Table of Contents Index Architects Building Types Comparative Materials Chronology ... the Fine Arts pages Chronology 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century Building Types Houses 17th Century Houses: Pioneer Village, Salem c. 1620s (reconstruction) Plymouth Plantation, c. 1627 (reconstruction) Fairbanks House, Dedham, MA, 1636ff. Whipple House, Ipswich, MA, 1640 Capen House, Topsfield MA, 1683 Scotch-Boardman House, Saugus, MA, 1686 Ward House, Salem, MA, 1684; House of 7 Gables, Salem, MA, 1668; Judge Corwin House (Witch House), Salem, c. 1675 Rebecca Nurse House, Danvers, MA, 1678 Hooper-Hathaway House, "Old Bakery," Salem, c. 1682 Paul Revere House, Boston, MA, 1676; Pierce House, Dorchester, MA, 1650 Peter Tufts House (Cradock House), Medford, c. 1675 Stanley-Whitman house, Farmington, CT, 1660 Jackson House, Portsmouth, NH, 1664 Comparison: Half-timbered houses at Troyes and Rouen, France 18th Century Houses: "Old Corner Bookstore" Boston, 1712. Thomas Crease, builder. MacPhaedris-Warner House. Portsmouth, N.H., 1718-23. Isaac Royall House. East facade. Medford, MA, 1733-37.

93. A Bio. Of America: The New City - Web of the Fair, the legacy of the Fair, etc. cc/edison.html An account of the Expositionwith a The Frontier In american history http//xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER http://www.learner.org/biographyofamerica/prog15/web/

Web links for this program are listed below. Text-based resources are listed in the Program 15 Bibliography Daniel Burnham Today in History - September 4 http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/today/sep04.html Biographical information on Burnham with illustrations and related links. Daniel Burnham http://www.public.iastate.edu/~brusche/burnham.html Photos of Burnham with links to biographical information, his work, information about the World's Fair, etc. Daniel H. Burnham http://www.ci.chi.il.us/Landmarks/Architects/Burnham.html Biographical information on Burnham with photos and related links. Reforming the City, 1837 to 1894 http://www.roosevelt.edu/chicagohistory/chapII-II.htm A history of political reform in Chicago from 1837 to 1894, with a section on the White City. The City Beautiful Movement http://xroads.virginia.edu/~CAP/CITYBEAUTIFUL/city.html A history of Chicago in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Includes information on Daniel Burnham and his role in the City Beautiful movement. Louis Sullivan Louis Sullivan http://web.mit.edu/museum/chicago/sullivan.html

94. AMS/HIS420: American Studies Seminar Lewis and Clark Centennial and american Pacific Exposition and Oriental Fair(Portland, 1905). Jamestown Tercentenary Exposition (Hampton Roads, 1907). http://www.easternct.edu/depts/amerst/WFlist.htm

American Studies at Eastern Connecticut State Univeristy This page originally accompanied the AMS 420 American Studies Seminar: Worlds Fairs and Centennial Exhibitions, Fall 2000 World's Fair WWW Sites Progress Made Visible: American World's Fairs and Expositons (From the University of Delaware Library) http://www.lib.udel.edu/ud/spec/exhibits/fairs/index.htm Liberty Bell Museum http://www.libertybellmuseum.com/fairs.htm World's Fairs and Expositions (By Jim Zwick) http://www.boondocksnet.com/expos/index.html American Memory (From the Library of Congress) This is an excellent site for primary sources, but you will have to dig a bit through the library's vast holdings to find what you need. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amhome.html World's Fair Links (From the town of Washington, Missouri) http://www.washingtonmo.com/Library/ World's Fairs Held in the US, 1853-1984 New York Crystal Palace Exhibition (1853-1854) Centennial International Exhibition (Philadelphia, 1876) International Cotton Exposition (Atlanta, 1881) World's Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exposition (New Orleans, 1884-85)

95. African American Pamphlets - Time Line A World s Fair. The Paris Exposition was held, and the United Statespavilion housed an exhibition on black Americans. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aap/timelin2.html

Time Line of African American History, 1881-1900 The following works were valuable sources in the compilation of this Time Line: Lerone Bennett's Before the Mayflower (Chicago: Johnson Publishing Co., 1982), W. Augustus Low and Virgil A. Clift's Encyclopedia of Black America (New York: Da Capo Press, 1984), and Harry A. Ploski and Warren Marr's The Negro Almanac (New York: Bellwether Co., 1976). Timeline: 1852-1880 Timeline: 1901-1925 President Garfield assassinated. President Garfield was shot on July 2; he died on September 19. Vice President Chester A. Arthur (Republican) succeeded Garfield as president. Tuskegee Institute founded. Booker T. Washington became the first principal of Tuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama, on July 4. Tuskegee became the leading vocational training institution for African-Americans. Segregation of public transportation. Tennessee segregated railroad cars, followed by Florida (1887), Mississippi (1888), Texas (1889), Louisiana (1890), Alabama, Kentucky, Arkansas, and Georgia (1891), South Carolina (1898), North Carolina (1899), Virginia (1900), Maryland (1904), and Oklahoma (1907). Lynchings.

96. World's Fair --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article history of the World s Columbian Exposition fair held in 1893 in Chicago to celebratethe 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus discovery of America. http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article?eu=408246&query=unbiased&ct=

97. LINKS To Articles On EXONUMIA: Tokens, Medals, Badges, World's Fair, MORE! The Coins of Colonial and Early America Main link page to many A history of World sFairs Good Introduction. 1892 Columbian Exposition Scenes from the Fair. http://www.exonumia.com/art.htm

AAA Historical Americana - World Exonumia EXONUMIA Links Featuring ARTICLES on Tokens, Medals, Etc. and Newsgroups. BACK to Main LINKS page. Join our E-mail list for special discounts, more! If you know of additional sites, please send me an e-mail to hartzogw@exonumia.com. BUYING ARTICLES! News Groups and Mailing Lists: Deja News Newsgroup listings for Civil War Tokens. Deja News Newsgroup listings for Exonumia (or search for your own interests). rec.collecting.coins Discuses currency, tokens, medals, and anything else related to numismatics. Elongated Coins Discussion Mailing List Sign up and get all emails to the full group. rec.collecting.pins: Mostly modern pins, including Olympic, etc. Casino Tokens CW Dog Tag Roundtable Discussion group on Civil War dog tags, etc. The E-Sylum An electronic publication of the Numismatic Bibliomania Society. Conder Tokens Yahoo newsgroup. How to Find Articles: American Numismatic Society and Harry Bass Research Foundation Search for articles on numismatic topics. AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY CATALOG The American Antiquarian Society has an online catalogue of its extensive collection: ISAIAH, for Internet Sources for Access to Information on American History. Over 350,000 records are included in the index.

98. SCORE LESSON american citizens will be touring your countries pavilion at the Fair in order eitherelectronic multimedia pavilions, web based exposition halls OR http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/activity/world_history_fair/

World History Fair and Exposition A Team Presentation on Contemporary World Regions Students research and analyze the history, the challenges and the future of contemporary nations and share their discoveries in a poster presentation or a technology pavilion. S TANDARDS S ITE ... OTES An Invitation... A Word History problem based learning challenge THE STANDARDS The Task The Process The Resources ... Lesson Map From the White House Millennium Council Dear Ambassadors, T he year 2000 holds enormous significance for humankind. It is a time when individuals and societies are reflecting on their past, taking stock of their achievements, and thinking about the future they will create. All over the world, nations and communities are planning significant millennium activities. The United States will be spotlighting a series of White House millennium projects which celebrate freedom and democracy. We will be sharing our celebration with the world's nations and citizens at the World's Fair, Expo 2000 , which will be held in Hanover Germany. The President invites your countries to link with us and over 143 nations in participating in Expo 2000. Focusing on the theme of "honoring the past and imagining the future" the United States invites you to develop a virtual electronic pavilion or poster presentation which will outline your countries' recent past, discuss your democratic initiatives, and analyze the challenges ahead of you. American citizens will be touring your countries' pavilion at the Fair in order to learn more about your culture, your past and your challenges. Be prepared for questions.

99. CEC MIDWAY: Exhibition Grounds 1893 Chicago, USA Effect Of The World s Fair On The The World s Columbian ExpositionIdea, Experience 1901 Buffalo, USA -Pan-american Exposition. 1904 St. http://cec.chebucto.org/Midway/Fair-Ex.html

Coaster Enthusiasts of Canada CEC Midway * EXHIBITION GROUNDS * ENTRANCE Tents and Buildings here Are Devoted to Fairs and Related Sites. Fairs are grouped by year, starting with the oldest. Next are Overviews, then Annual Fairs, followed by General Fair Sites. That section includes Collectors' Web Pages. Related Organizations may be Found in the Last Section. 19th Century Fairs 20th Century Fairs 21st Century Fairs Multiple Fair Overviews ... Organizations 19th CENTURY 1851: London, England -Albert's Crystal Palace Exhibition -Crystal Palace Resources -The Great Exhibition of 1851: An Overview -1851: The Great Exhibition (By Object) -1851: The Great Exhibition (By Medium) 1873: Vienna, Austria 1876: Philadelphia, U.S.A. -Centennial 1876 1889: Paris, France -Expo de Paris de 1889 1893: Chicago, U.S.A. -Effect Of The World's Fair On The Human Race (1891 for 1893) -George Ferris -World's Columbian Exposition -The World's Columbian Exposition An Interactive Guide -The World's Columbian Exposition: Idea, Experience, Aftermath 1898: Omaha, U.S.A. -International Expo of 1898 20th CENTURY 1901: Buffalo, U.S.A.

100. World's Columbian Exposition: Introduction The Fair was immensely popular, drawing over 27 million came from the East by ExpositionFlyers Pullman of 80 mph which gave many Americans their first http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA96/WCE/introduction.html

The World's Columbian Exposition, held in Chicago in 1893, was the last and the greatest of the nineteenth century's World's Fairs. Nominally a celebration of Columbus' voyages 400 years prior, the Exposition was in actuality a reflection and celebration of American culture and societyfor fun, edification, and profitand a blueprint for life in modern and postmodern America. The Fair was immensely popular, drawing over 27 million visitors, including Frederick Douglass, Jane Addams, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Henry Blake Fuller, Scott Joplin, Walter Wyckoff, Edweard Muybridge, Henry Adams, W.D. Howells, and Hamlin Garland. It was widely publicized both nationally and internationally, and people traveled from all over the world to see the spectacle. Travelers came from the East by "Exposition Flyers" Pullman coaches traveling at the amazing speed of 80 m.p.h which gave "many Americans their first look at the country beyond the Alleghenies..." (Donald Miller, 74) People left their factories, their farms, and their city businesses to participate in what was touted as the greatest cultural and entertainment event in the history of the world. The World's Columbian Exposition was the perfect vehicle to explore these immense changes while at the same time celebrating the kind of society America had become. World's Fairs, by the end of the century, were an established cultural and entertainment form with immense international influence. From the first major nineteenth century exposition, the 1851 "Crystal Palace" fair in London to Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition to Paris' Exposition Universelle of 1889, hundreds of millions of people around the world visited over 50 international fairs in the last half of the century, finding in them not only entertainment, but cultural enlightenment, commercial opportunity, and a reflection of their age.

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