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         Extinct Species Endangered & Threatened:     more detail
  1. Threatened, endangered, and extinct species of Michigan plants by David Good, 1978
  2. Endangered, threatened, and special status fishes of North America by Konrad Schmidt, 1996
  3. Animals recently extinct or threatened with extermination,: As represented in the collections of the U.S. National Museum by Frederic A Lucas, 1891
  4. The Lazarus effect: can the dynamics of extinct species lists tell us anything about the status of biodiversity? [An article from: Biological Conservation] by D.A. Keith, M.A. Burgman, 2004-05-01

81. The Endangered Species Act   What Is It
defines endangered species as any species which is in danger of extinction throughoutall or a significant portion of its range and threatened species as
http://www.aeconline.ws/endangered.htm
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The Endangered Species Act
What is it?
The Endangered Species Act (ESA), passed in 1973, defines 'endangered species' as 'any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range' and 'threatened species' as 'any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.'
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is the federal agency with regulatory responsibility for the Endangered Species Act. The law provides protection from direct human threats such as killing and trapping as well as for protection of the ecosystem on which the species depends.
Animals listed as endangered or threatened by the Department of the Interior, are protected by the law on BOTH public and private lands. Plants protected by the law are primarily protected on public lands, such as National Forests, public parks, military bases, and other lands owned by any national, state, county or other public agencies. In general, threatened and endangered plants are NOT protected by the federal Endangered Species Act on private lands.
Why we need it?

82. Garry Oak Ecosystem Information : Species 'At Risk'
threatened likely to become an endangered species if nothing is doneto reverse the factors leading to its extirpation or extinction.
http://www.goert.ca/ecoinfo/risk.htm
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What are the Species 'At Risk'? A wildlife species is said to be 'at risk' when it is deemed to be in danger of disappearing from the wild. In Canada, such assessments are made at both federal and provincial government levels. These assessment are based on biological factors and use rigorous assessment criteria, followed by classification into categories based on level of risk. Western bluebird
(extirpated on Vancouver Island)
Photo: Don McPhee A designation of 'at risk' identifies species that require immediate help from land managers, such as protection of habitat essential to the survival of that species. Such designations may also initiate recovery planning focussed on the needs of the particular species at risk.
The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) determines the national status of wild Canadian species, subspecies and separate populations suspected of being at risk. COSEWIC bases its decisions on the best up-to-date scientific information available. All native mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), vascular plants, mosses and lichens are included in its current mandate. Three lists are maintained:
  • Species at Risk : species designated in the following categories;
  • 83. The Endangered Species Act Deserves Extinction
    Seven were removed due to extinction and twelve because the data suggesting theywere At last count, 1,853 species are listed as endangered or threatened
    http://www.intellectualconservative.com/article3019.html
    We are the only site on the web devoted exclusively to intellectual conservatism. We find the most intriguing information and bring it together on one page for you. Home
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    The Endangered Species Act Deserves Extinction
    by Alan Caruba
    12 January 2004
    This decision in late December came around the same time that the State permitted, for the first time in three decades, a hunt to reduce its bear population, estimated to number up to 3,000. Bears! New Jersey is also home to an estimated 170,000 deer. An estimated federally protected 97,000 Canadian geese also find the Garden State a lovely habitat. I doubt anyone knows how many opossum, raccoons, wild turkeys and even coyotes, share the State with its human species. In short, what New Jersey does not lack are wildlife species of every description. What it lacks is adequate housing for its growing population (as of 2002) of 8,590,000 humans.
    Private property was so important to the Founding Fathers that its protection was written into the Bill of Rights. No doubt, were he alive today, Adams would have been criticized for referring to God.
    It seems almost foolish to point out that, only under communism, does land belong to the government or is controlled by it. In effect, the ESA and wetlands legislation cedes control to the federal government. In the USA, it owns in excess of forty percent of the landmass of this nation. In effect, it controls all of it through the powers granted under the ESA.

    84. New York's Species
    in danger of extinction. threatened species are those species that are in dangerof becoming endangered. Both endangered and threatened species are protected
    http://www.nybiodiversity.org/species.html
    New York’s Species New York has 1000's of species ranging in size from microbes to moose. Some we know well, such as pigeons, gray squirrels, bullfrogs and field crickets. Others, like slime molds, are still a mystery to most of the state citizens and even scientists. Endangered and Threatened Species of New York Endangered species are those plants and animals that are in such low numbers they are in danger of extinction. Threatened species are those species that are in danger of becoming endangered. Both endangered and threatened species are protected by law in New York State and by the United States Government. For information about the US endangered species act and lists of species:
    http://endangered.fws.gov/wildlife.html#Species
    For information about the species listed as Endangered or threatened in New York State http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/wildlife/endspec/etsclist.html
    The state has 22 federally listed threatened and endangered species http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/wildlife/endspec/etsclist.html

    85. ECO-PROS - Endangered Species
    threatened species. ES2000 endangered species of the Next Millennium By endangeringwildlife, we are endangering ourselves. Causes of extinction, species
    http://www.eco-pros.com/endangeredspecies.htm
    ECO-PROS
    Environmental Education on the Web
    This Toucan is worried about pollution in the Rainforest.
    Click HERE to see what happens when the air is clean.
    Bottom
    In 1973, the U.S. Endangered Species Act was passed -
    to protect the lives and habitats of endangered plant and animal species. The Fish and Wildlife Service, in the Department of the Interior,
    and the National Marine Fisheries Service, in the Department of Commerce,
    share responsibility for administration of the Endangered Species Act.
    Generally, the National Marine Fisheries deals with those species occurring in marine environments and anadromous* fish (such as salmon),
    while the Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for terrestrial and freshwater species and migratory birds.
    Species listed as endangered are in IMMEDIATE DANGER OF EXTINCTION When any extinction occurs, it affects the planet's biodiversity negatively and irreversibly. When a species is lost, knowledge of its historic relationship to local and global environmental factors is also lost.

    86. Threatened And Endangered Species - The Royal Society For The Protection Of Bird
    species is in danger of total extinction as a A locally or regionally endangered speciesis in danger of For instance, the cirl bunting is threatened in the UK
    http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds/advice/endangeredspecies/index.asp?view=print

    87. Threatened And Endangered Species On The Colorado Plateau
    that the species is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portionof its range. Others, classified as threatened, may reach endangered status
    http://www.cpluhna.nau.edu/Biota/endangered_species.htm
    Search the CP-LUHNA Web pages
    Biotic Communities
    Alpine Tundra
    Subalpine Conifer Forest

    Quaking Aspen Forest
    ...
    Agents of Biotic Change
    Threatened and Endangered Species
    A number of once common native plant and animal species on the Colorado Plateau have become increasingly rare, and some, particularly native freshwater fishes , have become extinct. Habitat destruction, degradation, and fragmentation, sometimes in combination with hunting and poisoning, has led to significant decreases in the overall populations of a number of species. The federal government has classified a few of these as endangered, meaning that the species is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. Others, classified as threatened, may reach endangered status if habitats continue to be degraded and populations continue to fall. click here . For a history of the California condor on the Colorado Plateau, click here
    Mexican Spotted Owl
    Mexican Spotted Owl pair. Photograph courtesy of Dr. David Willey

    88. Wildlife And Biodiversity: Endangered Species Act & Listings
    remove federally listed endangered or threatened plants recognizing the limitationsof the endangered species Act, the Act has prevented the extinction of some
    http://www.texasep.org/html/wld/wld_2esa.html
    FIVE STATES WITH THE MOST ENDANGERED SPECIES Source: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Web Page
    www.fws.gov/ July 2002.
    Many authorities believe the most far-reaching legislation protecting wildlife and habitat in the United States has been the federal Endangered Species Act of 1973. Though thirty years old, this legislation remains controversial. The Act provides for a number of activities to protect listed endangered and threatened species. The Act also provides for the protection of critical habitat and the creation of a recovery plan for each species listed. Since the Endangered Species Act was enacted, additional federal wildlife protection legislation has been passed. States have also enacted legislation to protect species and habitat. In 1973, the Texas Legislature enacted a state Endangered Species Act.

    89. Endangered, Threatened, And Rare Vascular Plant Species
    FEDERALLE=endangered, LT=threatened, LELT=different listings for specific rangesof species, PE=proposed endangered, PT=proposed threatened, E/SA=appearance
    http://www.in.gov/dnr/naturepr/endanger/plant.html
    High Quality Natural Communities Vascular Plant Invertebrate and Vertebrate
    Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Vascular Plant Species Documented from Indiana
    FEDERAL: LE=endangered, LT=threatened, LELT=different listings for specific ranges of species, PE=proposed endangered, PT=proposed threatened, E/SA=appearance similar to LE or LT species, **=not listed. STATE: SX=extirpated, SE=endangered, ST=threatened, SR=rare, SSC=special concern, WL=watch list, SG=significant, SRE=state reintroduced. GRANK: G1=critically imperiled globally, G2=imperiled globally, G3=globally rare or uncommon, G4=globally widespread and apparently secure, G5=globally widespread and secure. SRANK: S1=critically imperiled in state, S2=imperiled in state, S3=rare or uncommon in state, S4=widespread and apparently secure in state, S5=widespread and secure in state.
    Index (by Species Name) A B C D ... Z
    SPECIES NAME COMMON NAME FEDERAL STATE GRANK SRANK
    A
    B
    C
    D
    E
    F
    FESTUCA PARADOXA CLUSTER FESCUE ** SE G5 S1 FIMBRISTYLIS PUBERULA CAROLINA FIMBRY ** SE G5 S1 FRAGARIA VESCA VAR AMERICANA WOODLAND STRAWBERRY ** SX G5T? SX FUIRENA PUMILA DWARF UMBRELLA-SEDGE ** ST G4 S2
    G
    H
    I
    ILIAMNA REMOTA KANKAKEE GLOBE-MALLOW ** SE G1Q S1 IRESINE RHIZOMATOSA EASTERN BLOODLEAF ** SR G5 S2 ISOETES ENGELMANNII APPALACHIAN QUILLWORT ** SE G4 S1 ISOETES MELANOPODA BLACKFOOT QUILLWORT ** SE G5 S1 ITEA VIRGINICA VIRGINIA WILLOW ** SE G4 S1

    90. Threatened Endangered
    s wildlife from the brink of extinction to healthful habitat and Colorado’s threatened endangered wildlife Goes into detail on many species including bald
    http://wildlife.state.co.us/education/seresourcecatalog/vsthreatened&endangered.

    Personalize this site
    Ref # Title Description Category GRIZZLY AND MAN - UNEASY TRUCE : 60 Min. An overview of the grizzly reflecting the feelings of different publics by asking the question, "Can humans and grizzly bears share territory without conflict?" By National Audubon Society and narrated by Robert Redford. Endangered Wildlife; Mammals; Wildlife and Habitat MATTER OF SURVIVAL : 25 Min. A look at broad wildlife resources and efforts to comply with the Endangered Species Act within its boundaries at Fort Carson and at the Pinion Canyon Maneuver site. (Dept. of Defense - 1994) Endangered Wildlife; Wildlife and Habitat MYSTERIOUS BLACK - FOOTED FERRET : 58 Min. A look at this spunky predator and the efforts being made to save it from extinction . By the National Audubon Society, narrated by Loretta Swit. Mammals; Endangered Wildlife NO OTHER SIDE OF THE MOUNTAIN : 36 Min. A story of efforts to preserve precious wildlife throughout Colorado. Explains the roles of the CDOW in saving some animal species from extinction. Cameras view

    91. Endangered And Threatened Plants At The NYBG
    passed the endangered species Act (ESA) prohibiting any action that will harma plant or animal designated as endangered or threatened with extinction.
    http://www.nybg.org/gardens/ndanger.html
    Endangered and Threatened Plants
    There are approximately 250,000 kinds of flowering plants on earth today. It is estimated that some 60,000 of those may become extinct by the year 2050. More than 19,000 kinds of plants are considered threatened or endangered all over the world. What is an endangered plant?
    Some endangered plants naturally grow in small populations in limited areas. Others may grow in large populations but in only a few fragile habitats. Some plants may occur over a wide range but be vulnerable to competition from non-native plants. Still other plants may be common in cultivation, but almost extinct in their native habitat. These sometimes confusing factors must all be weighed in deciding what is an endangered or threatened plant. But the importance of this effort cannot be underestimated. The New York Botanical Garden is committed to study, maintain and preserve the diversity of the plant kingdom before more plants disappear forever. Why do we need plants?
    Plants are essential to all human and animal life. Green plants are the only living things on our planet which can combine the energy of the sun with water and carbon dioxide to produce food to sustain themselves and animals, including humans. Plants cover much of the land surface of the planet and are abundant in the oceans as well, producing the food and much of the oxygen on which all living things depend. This great diversity of plant species provides us with food, shelter, clothing, fuel and medicine. Many people are unaware of our underlying dependence on the whole plant kingdom for our very existence.

    92. MBNMS Ecosystem Observations:
    must first be placed on the federal list of endangered and threatened wildlife.An endangered species is one that is in danger of extinction throughout all
    http://www.mbnms.nos.noaa.gov/educate/newsletters/ecosystem2000/endangered.html
    Endangered and Threatened Species Cover Introduction Sanctuary
    Program
    ... Credits
    Examples of Endangered and Threatened Species in the Sanctuary
    B Organism Habitat and Time of Year of Most Common Sightings Federal Status
    (Date Listed) Population at Height Current Population Current Trend in Population (+/-) Major Initial Causes of Mortality Cetaceans
    Sei whale
    (Balaenoptera borealis) Deep water during upwelling Endangered
    (02-Jun-70)
    (world)
    (world) Commercial whaling Blue whale
    (Balaenoptera musculus) Deep water during upwelling Endangered
    (02-Jun-70)
    (world) (California) Commercial whaling Finback whale (Balaenoptera physalus) Deep water during upwelling Endangered (02-Jun-70) (world) (Northern Hemisphere) Commercial whaling Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) during upwelling Endangered (02-Jun-70) (world) (world)

    93. Endangered Species
    endangered species
    http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://eelink.net/EndSpp.old.bak/Endangered.htm

    94. Threatened Species

    http://www.panda.org/resources/publications/species/threatened
    breadCrumbs("www.panda.org",">","index.cfm","None","None","None","0"); Endangered Species Programme Contents
    Problems

    Solutions

    Our Work
    Endangered Species

    Wildlife Trade

    Policy

    Successes
    ...
    Sea turtles: worth more alive than dead

    Marine turtle tourism brings in almost three times as much money as the sale of turtle products such as meat, leather and eggs, according to a new economic study " Money talks: Economic Aspects of Marine Turtle Use and Conservation by WWF study.
    Read more...
    In the News 8, Jun 2004 Alarming increase in marine vaquita deaths in past six months Six vaquitas are reported to have died in fishing nets over the past six months, further threatening the survival of the world's smallest and most critically endangered porpoise. Read more... 7, Jun 2004 Conservation coalition seeks UN resolution to halt destruction of deep-sea biodiversity A group of conservation organizations is calling on the United Nations to establish an immediate moratorium on bottom trawling, the most destructive fishing practice on the high seas. Read more...

    95. Albatrosses Move Closer To Extinction
    abate, population models suggest that the species may need to be classified as CriticallyEndangered, the final category before becoming extinct;;
    http://www.birdlife.net/news/news/2003/09/six_albatross_species.html
    @import url(../../../../styles.css); Tips News only Home Home BirdLife Worldwide National Partners ... Save Our Seabirds
    You can safeguard the future of the world's most spectacular seabirds by making a donation to BirdLife's Save the Albatross campaign Home News News Archive Graham Robertson/Australian Antarctic Division A dead Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans drowned on longline
    Zoom In
    Albatrosses move closer to extinction
    New research has revealed that six species of albatross now face a greater threat of extinction than previously thought - largely as a result of longline fishing. All of the planet's 21 species of albatross are now considered to be globally threatened. The six species that have had their threat status upgraded are:
    • Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross has been upgraded from Near Threatened in 2000 to Endangered in 2003 due to population declines recorded at long-term study colonies on Gough and Tristan da Cunha islands, indicating a 58% reduction over three generations (71 years). If threats do not abate, population models suggest that the species may need to be classified as Critically Endangered, the final category before becoming Extinct;
      Black-browed Albatross listed as Near Threatened in 2000 and Vulnerable in 2002, now becomes Endangered, with new census information from the Falkland Islands showing that the species is likely to be declining by more than 50% over three generations (65 years);

    96. Rainforests And Species Extinction
    must also do their part to prevent extinction. compiles a Red List of Threatenedspecies and advises on International Trade in endangered species (CITES) was
    http://www.ran.org/info_center/factsheets/03b.html
    Species Extinction rainforest fact sheets The Earth's species are dying out at an alarming rate, up to 1000 times faster than their natural rate of extinction. By carefully examining fossil records and ecosystem destruction, some scientists estimate that as many as 137 species disappear from the Earth each day, which adds up to an astounding 50,000 species disappearing every year. Tropical rainforests contain at least half of the Earth's species. In Panama, scientists discovered fully 80% of the world's currently known beetle species on only 19 trees. The incredible diversity of the rainforests means that most species have evolved to inhabit very specialized niches in their environment; when humans disrupt that environment, many species cannot survive. Because species depend on each other in a complicated web of relationships, changing just one part of that web harms the entire ecosystem: as people destroy or significantly change the rainforests, certain species die out, and as they go extinct, other species die out, which in turn leads to further breakdown of the ecosystem. This breakdown of rainforest ecosystems will likely lead to the disappearance of up to 10% of the world's species within the next 25 years unless we act to stop it.
    The Costs of Extinction
    Species extinction is a natural part of evolution; why, then, should accelerated extinction rates concern us? Besides considering the intrinsic value of biodiversity, the human species depends on the rainforest's millions of life forms for its own existence -we, too, are a dependent part of the delicate balance.

    97. ECES - Endangered Species: Australia
    native toads will also threaten survival of endangered species such as See Invasivespecies Mammals 03/2001) Advertiser State fauna on the edge of extinction.
    http://eces.org/archive/ec/extinction/australia.shtml
    Search: Healing ourselves and a dying planet Note: This an achive of an old version of ECES. You are welcome to explore it, but also check out the ECES Home Page for recent environmental news and much more. Pages in this archive: Earth Crash Home
    Ecosystems

    Extinction

    Global Warming
    ...
    Population
    Photo Gallery New Gallery Home Gallery Archive Pages: Gallery Home
    Air

    Food

    Forests
    ...
    Wonder
    Other Sites @ ECES David Stock:
    Prisoners of

    Our Own Device
    Landscape photographs from the battle zone between nature and 'civilization.' Young people respond to Earth's crisis... Vigil for Earth ...in search of new planetary rituals
    Earth Crash
    Documenting the Collapse of a Dying Planet
    Endangered Species: Australia
    (02/04/2002) New report warns global warming will have devastating impacts on Australia, including the potential extinction of hundreds of animals and eucaluptus tree species, loss of half the country's highland rainforests, and destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and Macquarie Marshes. See Global Warming: Wildlife (09/03/2001) Hundreds of native species are at risk of extinction in South Australia because of land clearance for agriculture, habitat destruction, and introduction of non-native species. Hundreds of native mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and plants are at risk of extinction in South Australia because of environmental destruction. They are at risk of joining nearly 60 mammals, plants and birds already extinct in South Australia. The situation is so serious that this month - National Biodiversity Month - experts are making a united call for urgent action to reverse the decline.

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