41. New Hampshire Estuaries Project - Publications Monitoring in New Hampshire Estuarine watersheds 2003 (.pdf/740KB). Ambient WaterQuality and Shellfish Tissue Monitoring in New Hampshire estuaries 2001 and http://www.state.nh.us/nhep/publications/publications-by-category.htm

Reports by Category Water Quality Land Use, Development and Habitat Protection Shellfish Monitoring ... New Hampshire Estuaries Project Documents Water Quality 2001 Coastal Illicit Connection Identification and Elimination Grant Project (.pdf/40KB) 2001 Coastal Municipal Stormwater Infrastructure Mapping Project (.pdf/4.5MB) 2001 Storm Drain Monitoring and Municipal Training Project (.pdf/38KB) 2002 Coastal Municipal Stormwater Infrastructure Mapping Project (.pdf/3.8MB) (.pdf/740KB) Ambient Water Quality and Shellfish Tissue Monitoring in New Hampshire Estuaries 2001 and 2002 (.pdf/196KB) Arsenic Concentrations in Private Bedrock Wells in Southeastern New Hampshire (.pdf/1.1MB) Assessment and Recommendations for Bull Toad’s Pond at Green Island Common (.pdf/1.5MB) Characterization of Groundwater Discharge to Hampton Harbor (.pdf/2.3MB) Field Evaluation of Wet Weather Bacteria in Hampton/Seabrook Harbor (.pdf/352KB) GBCW Support for Shellfish Activities in 2003 (.pdf/185KB) Laboratory Analyses of Water and Shellfish from Coastal Waters and Watershed of New Hampshire (.pdf/332KB)

42. Estuarine Research Federation potentially be offset in the future by increased nitrogen loads associated withcontinued population growth in the watersheds of these beautiful estuaries. http://erf.org/erf2001/tomasko1.htm

ERF 2001: An Estuarine Odyssey The Tradewinds Conference Center St. Pete Beach, Florida 4-8 November 2001 ERF Home Guide About ERF Newsletter ... PERS ERF 2001 Links Register Now! About ERF 2001 Search Presentations Presentation Schedule ... Conference Schedule Guide Conference Deadlines Early Registration Deadline: Extended to Oct. 1, 2001 Registration Information Online Registration Forms Hotel Registration De adline: October 4, 2001 Tradewinds Registration Seagrass Restoration Varies in Southwest Florida's Estuaries David A. Tomasko dave.tomasko@swfwmd.state.fl.us Just like Tampa Bay's once lowly football team, the Buccaneers, the bay has dramatically improved its win-loss record over the past two decades. When the Estuarine Research Federation holds its 16th Biennial Conference in St. Petersburg Beach in November 2001, attendees will have an opportunity to see for themselves the results of decades of resource management-oriented research and restoration activities in Southwest Florida. The ERF conference site is located just a few miles from Tampa Bay, a receiving water body of a watershed that contains more than 2 million inhabitants and home of the United States' third largest port (in terms of domestic tonnage). In addition to seeing Tampa Bay, attendees can drive a half an hour south of the conference site to Sarasota Bay (Figure 1). Although it is located in one of the fastest growing population and economic centers in Florida, Sarasota Bay is one of the most stunningly beautiful estuaries in Florida. Like Tampa Bay, it is a place where water quality and seagrass coverage have improved dramatically in recent years.

43. Testimony On An Act To Improve The State's Watersheds Through Establishment Of L chemicals, metals, suspended solids and other pollutants within the streams,lakes, estuaries, wetlands and groundwater of the watersheds within their http://www.smizikforrep.com/SpeaksOut/ImproveStormWater.html

Society-Community Health Care Education Environment ... Criminal Law Testimony of Representative Frank I. Smizik Before the Joint Committee on Natural Resources and Agriculture In Support of H 1538 An Act to Improve the State's Watersheds Through Establishment of Local Stormwater Utility Districts July 10, 2003 The state of Massachusetts is notorious for the excessive pollution of its natural water resources such as rivers, streams, lakes, estuaries and wetlands through nonpoint sources which serves as a detriment to the safety and prosperity of the citizens of the Commonwealth. Improving the quality of our waterways and natural resources is imperative to the well-being of our state and its citizens and we should make it a priority in our legislative agenda. In an effort to improve the condition of our water resources, House Bill 1538 would establish local level stormwater utilities that would be directly responsible for the restitution of the lakes streams, estuaries and wetlands. The local level stormwater utilities will be responsible for the proper control and cleanup of storm discharges, for formulating and establishing priorities for effective stormwater management in order to best meet the needs of the community for flood protection as well as the improvement and protection of the town's water quality. In addition, the stormwater utility will lower the concentrations of pesticides, nutrients, industrial chemicals, metals, suspended solids and other pollutants within the streams, lakes, estuaries, wetlands and groundwater of the watersheds within their jurisdiction. Because the watersheds in Massachusetts are integrated systems, the concerted efforts of the stormwater utilities to improve their local watersheds will combine with other utilities state-wide to produce positive results at a level and rate that could otherwise not be attained.

44. Periodicals On Environmental Issues Of The Offshore Oil And Gas Exploration And studies of fisheries, aquaculture, seafood marketing and trade, marine mammals, recreation,pollution, oil and gas, coastal land use, estuaries and watersheds. http://www.offshore-environment.com/journals3.html

Offshore- environment.com Recommend this site to a colleague Environmental Impact of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry by Stanislav Patin - a unique summary of world-wide studies on the environmental issues associated with offshore oil and gas exploration and development Learn more ORDER NOW! Highly recommended by the Offshore-Environment.com! Offshore Oil and Gas and Environmental Journals Previous Page (E-L) M Marine and Freshwater Research - multidisciplinary studies such as those in biogeochemistry. Marine and Petroleum Geology - marine and petroleum geology. Marine Chemistry - all chemical aspects of the marine environment, with emphasis on the dynamic approach. Marine Ecology - all aspects of the ecology of marine organisms and ecosystems, both pelagic and benthic. Marine Ecology Progress Series (MEPS) - all aspects of marine ecology, fundamental and applied, covering microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, and resource management. Marine Environmental Research - chemical, physical, and biological interactions in the oceans and coastal waters, including the extent, persistence, and consequences of change and the recovery from such change in natural marine systems; biochemical, physiological, and ecological consequences of contaminants to marine organisms and ecosystems; biogeochemistry of naturally occurring and anthropogenic substances; models that describe and predict the above processes; monitoring studies, and others.

45. Heritage Harbor Museum - News / Press Featuring Narragansett Bay s estuaries and watersheds, Pulses of the Bay providesa regional complement to the Smithsonian Institution s Forces of Change http://www.heritageharbor.org/News/bayexhibit.html

URI's Office of Marine Programs and Coastal Institute Announce Pulses of the Bay - A Narragansett Bay Exhibit Planned For HHM - Announcement Comes As The Vote On Question 5 Is Less Than A Week Away November 1, 2000 "Pulses of the Bay will provide a wealth of information on Narragansett Bay, showcasing science and technology related to estuaries and watersheds within an historical and cultural context," said Albert T. Klyberg, executive director, Heritage Harbor Museum. "This partnership with URI's Coastal Institute and Office of Marine Programs, and our connection to the Smithsonian's Forces of Change exhibit promises a world-class exhibit of one of Rhode Island's most valued resources. It is undoubtedly a key component to Heritage Harbor and one that will serve to further entice visitors." The audiences for Pulses of the Bay are school children, families, the general public, and decision makers. The range of issues and ideas addressed in both the Forces of Change and Pulses of the Bay exhibits lend themselves to a dynamic program involving the full spectrum of K-12 curricula, life-long learning, and teacher training. Heritage Harbor is presently seeking support of question number five that will appear on Rhode Island's statewide ballot next week. This proposes $25 million in State General Obligation (GO) Bonds, which will enable all Heritage Harbor exhibits and amenities to open in 2003, and will not be funded by Rhode Island taxpayers.

46. FBES Day Programs Students learn about natural beach dynamics, estuaries, watersheds, humanimpact, and local history while delving into this fascinating topic. http://www.fbes.org/Program/dayprograms.html

Home Facilities Programs Curriculum ... Links Day Programs and Outreach Day Programs (Field Trips) Field Trip day programs at FBES are a great chance for students to: Explore amazing ecosystems like tide pools, beaches, sand dunes, salt marshes and coastal forests. Spend time away from school learning with their classmates in an exciting natural environment. Learn important science concepts through hands-on, active lessons taught by trained educators. School groups can come to the FBES site, or our naturalists can meet classes at another location, such as a nature preserve or state park near your school. Our staff is very flexible, and we can tailor the field trip to cover your curriculum needs. We do however, have some standard day programs that we offer. Topics include: beach geology, waves, origin of sand, beach zones, tides, beach life and adaptations. Activities: Beach Scavenger Hunt Making Sand Adapt to Hang On Tide Demonstration Forests are great places to do hands-on ecology activities because of the abundance of neat plants and animals. Our naturalists focus on interrelationships, energy flow, cycles and change while exploring the forests and ponds of the area. Topics Include: Activities: Freshwater Mucking Animal Sign Scavenger Hunt Build A Forest Tide Pools The tide pools of East Point are home to an incredible diversity of life, including seastars, mussels, crabs, anemones, lobsters, eels, limpets and much more! Students can find and observe these intertidal creatures while learning about the unique geology and climate of the rocky intertidal zone.

47. GOVERNOR ANNOUNCES $300,000 GRANT FOR RIVERS AND ESTUARIES CENTER will be located on stateowned property at Denning s Point, will be dedicated toadvancing the understanding of rivers, estuaries and watersheds that will help http://www.state.ny.us/governor/press/year04/feb14_04.htm

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: February 14, 2004 GOVERNOR ANNOUNCES $300,000 GRANT FOR RIVERS AND ESTUARIES CENTER Hudson Valley to Receive $1.45 Million in EPF Grants for 10 Waterfront Projects Governor George E. Pataki today announced $1.45 million in Environmental Protection Fund (EPF) - Local Waterfront Revitalization Program (LWRP) grants for 10 projects in the Hudson Valley, including a $300,000 grant to the City of Beacon, Dutchess County, to prepare a harbor management plan and a study of locations and docking designs for the Rivers and Estuaries Center on the Hudson. The Governor made the announcement at the grand opening of a new, temporary headquarters for the planned Rivers and Estuaries Center on the Hudson River. The headquarters, located on Main Street in the City of Beacon, will serve as the project office for the Center while permanent facilities are designed and constructed at Dennings Point and the Beacon Waterfront. "Our State's waterfront areas have historically been the centerpieces of local communities, and the Rivers and Estuaries Center on the Hudson will build upon the rich history of the Hudson River and help to define the future of the Hudson Valley," Governor Pataki said. "We have been working closely with the City of Beacon and other partners to create a world-class research and educational center that will help us protect the Hudson River and rivers around the world, and today we take another step toward achieving this historic goal." "Communities across the Empire State are recognizing the value and potential of their waterfront areas, and we are pleased to help them with projects that will improve their quality of life," Governor Pataki said. "These EPF grants will help cities, towns and villages throughout the Hudson Valley redevelop and revitalize their waterfronts, expand public access, while also boosting tourism and economic development opportunities."

48. GOVERNOR ANNOUNCES PLAN FOR RIVERS AND ESTUARIES CENTER that the Center will pursue Advance the multidisciplinary understandingof rivers and estuaries and their associated watersheds;; http://www.state.ny.us/governor/press/year01/july31_1_01.htm

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: July 31, 2001 GOVERNOR ANNOUNCES PLAN FOR RIVERS AND ESTUARIES CENTER Blueprint for Development of World-Class Research Center on Hudson River Governor George E. Pataki today announced the release of the Strategic Plan for the new Rivers and Estuaries Center on the Hudson River. The plan outlines the organization and leadership structure of the proposed Center, sets goals for its programming, research and funding, and details a process for selecting the location of the Center by early 2002. "Today, our vision for the creation of a thriving, world-class Center for the study of rivers and estuaries on the banks of the Hudson River is one step closer to becoming a reality," Governor Pataki said. "With this Plan as a blueprint, I am confident this Center on the Hudson will become a leader in research, education and policy development that will guide the management of rivers and estuaries throughout the world. "For generations, the Hudson River has served as an inspiration and as a focal point for community life along its shores," the Governor said. "With this Strategic Plan, we demonstrate that there is a clear need for a Rivers and Estuaries Center, that development of a Center is feasible, and that the Hudson Valley is where this Center belongs." The Plan was developed by members of the Rivers and Estuaries Center on the Hudson State Task Force, created by Governor Pataki in April 2000. The Task Force was assisted by a 39-member Advisory Committee that included recognized scientific and environmental leaders and representatives from academia, environmental and business organizations. The work of the Task Force and Advisory Committee was facilitated by Gensler Architecture, Design and Planning of New York City, the 2000 American Institute of Architects (AIA) Firm of the Year.

49. Additional Information About Estuaries The interface is broadly defined to include areas within estuaries, lagoons, wetlands,tidal rivers, watersheds that include estuaries, and nearshore coastal http://apt.allenpress.com/aptonline/?request=get-moreinfo&issn=0160-8347

50. Temporal And Spatial Differences In Salinity And Water Chemistry In SW Florida E 25, No. 3, pp. 393–408. Temporal and Spatial Differences in Salinity and WaterChemistry in SW Florida estuaries Effects of Humanimpacted watersheds. http://apt.allenpress.com/aptonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=0160-8347&volume=

51. Watersheds: Estuary/Ocean Pick a habitat type found in estuaries (eg. Assessment Task 4 How estuaries AreUsed Students will explore the many ways people use and affect the estuary. http://www.tbcc.cc.or.us/~deved/watershed/estuary_ocean.htm

TEC IWEB Rough Draft .5 credit Estuary/ Ocean Essential Question: Students will gain a general understanding of estuary and ocean environments. Students will learn that coastal and ocean environments cover most of the Earth; that coastal areas are highly productive and diverse; traditionally, these areas have been considered too large to be affected by human activities; and, humans can make decisions that balance environmental health and economic sustainability. Task 1: What's an Estuary? A. Watch "What's an Estuary? Now you Know" - www.whatsanestuary.com . This is an 8 minute video about estuaries with a great slide show. Click on "View Campaign Video." Read "About Estuaries" at www.estuaries.gov/about.html B. Watch Oregon section of EstuaryLive at www.estuarylive.org and answer these questions Assessment 80% Accuracy 100% Complete Sentences Neat and readable handwriting Task 2: Physical Factors in an Estuary Students will explore some of the important physical phenomena in the estuary: causes and characteristics of tides, sedimentation, and salinity.

52. MBL :: Resident Research Other interests include modeling transport processes in estuaries and watersheds,data assimilation techniques, and examining ecosystem biogeochemistry as an http://www.mbl.edu/research/resident/lab_vallino.html

Resident Research Overview Architectural Dynamics Program Bay Paul Center Boston University Marine Program ... Other Laboratories Visiting Research Overview Whitman Center Visiting Library Researchers Neuroscience Institute ... Housing Research Facilities BioCurrents Research Center Microscopy Stable Isotope Laboratory Research Services IACUC Home Research Resident Research ... Ecosystems Joseph Vallino Contact: jvallino@mbl.edu Website: http://eco37.mbl.edu/ My research interests focus on modeling and experimental investigation of microbial dynamics related to the processing of inorganic and organic material in aquatic and marine ecosystems, with a primary focus on estuarine and coastal systems. I am currently interested in employing mesocosm studies to aid the development of more robust aquatic biogeochemical models that will be incorporated into estuarine transport models to examine how material exported from watersheds supports estuarine communities or leads to eutrophication and other estuarine stresses. Other interests include modeling transport processes in estuaries and watersheds, data assimilation techniques, and examining ecosystem biogeochemistry as an optimized metabolic process. Assistant Scientist Joseph Vallino Education: Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

53. Our Watershed - Regional Watersheds - California EPA’s National Estuary Program www.epa.gov/owow/estuaries EPA s Surf Program www.baydeltawatershed.org/Joint Task Force on California watersheds resources.ca http://wrc.iewatershed.com/watershed-national-18.php

ABOUT THIS SITE PARTNERS FEEDBACK Home ... Environmental News OUR WATERSHED Chesapeake Bay Watershed Regional Watersheds New England Mid-Atlantic ... Caribbean National Watersheds: California The California watershed region. Click to view other images. Geographic Features Draining a 159,650 square mile area, the California Regional Watershed covers most of the state of California and minor portions of lower Oregon and western Nevada. This watershed includes sub-basins that drain and ultimately discharge their waters into the Pacific Ocean. Located in the center of this watershed is the California Central Valley, a fertile alluvial feature nestled among several mountain ranges: the Coastal, Transverse, and Peninsular Ranges, the Klamath Mountains, the western Sierra Nevada, and the tip of the lower Cascade Range. About the Watershed California is a state of great contrasts. Although California's population exceeds 33 million, the State still has large areas set aside for open space and land set aside for public use and enjoyment, including 18 national forests, 23 units of the national park system, and over 350 units of the state park system. Population density ranges from over 16,000 people per square mile in the City and County of San Francisco to less than 2 people per square mile in Alpine County. The highest (Mt. Whitney) and lowest (Death Valley) points in the contiguous United States are located not far from each other in California. The State's average annual precipitation ranges from more than 90 inches on the North Coast to about 2 inches in Death Valley.

54. Our Watershed - Regional Watersheds - Texas-Gulf The regional watershed is comprised of 122 watersheds at the US Geological Survey8 Information Network www.epa.gov/win/ EPA’s National estuaries Program www http://wrc.iewatershed.com/watershed-national-12.php

ABOUT THIS SITE PARTNERS FEEDBACK Home ... Environmental News OUR WATERSHED Chesapeake Bay Watershed Regional Watersheds New England Mid-Atlantic ... Caribbean National Watersheds: Texas-Gulf The Texas-Gulf watershed region. Click to view other images. Geographic Features The drainage that discharges into the Gulf of Mexico from and including Sabine Pass to the Rio Grande Basin boundary includes parts of Louisiana, New Mexico and Texas. About the Watershed Texas has a large number of surface water bodies, with 191,228 miles of streams and rivers. Within its boundaries are 25 major watersheds, and it ranks seventh among states in the U.S. for amount of acreage covered by surface waters. Within Texas’ boundaries are 262,017 square miles of land area – 4,790 square miles of this total area is surface water. In addition, nine major and twenty minor aquifers, underlie approximately 76 percent of the state’s surface acreage. Approximately 180,000 square miles of land drain into the Gulf of Mexico from the Texas Gulf Coast Area. Drainage is constrained by the Red / Mississippi Rivers on the north and east, and by the Rio Grande on the west. Three states contribute to this drainage, Texas, New Mexico and Louisiana. The regional watershed is comprised of 122 watersheds at the U.S. Geological Survey 8-digit Hydrologic Unit Code level. These are represented in 11 Sub-Basins. Basins/Sub basins Some of the major basins that lie within the region are: the Trinity River Basin, Brazos River Basin, Colorado River Basin, Guadalupe River Basin and Nueces River Basin.

55. Internet Resources For Water [Internet Resources] Wetlands, Oceans watersheds http//www.epa.gov/owow/ This office has as its dutyto protect the nation s wetlands, oceans, coasts, estuaries, and watersheds. http://www.library.ucsb.edu/istl/97-summer/internet1.html

Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship Summer 1997 URLs in this document have been updated. Links enclosed in have been changed. If a replacement link was located, the new URL was added and the link is active; if a new site could not be identified, the broken link was removed. Science and Technology Sources on the Internet Internet Resources for Water Robert J. Teeter District Library Santa Clara Valley Water District Like water itself, the science of water flows in all directions hydrology, hydraulics, geology, meteorology, oceanography, environmental science, engineering, and law. Water scientists and engineers need information on specific locations and general principles. The following Internet resources are some of the most useful on water and related subjects. WEB SITES Meta Web Pages Hydrology Web http://etd.pnl.gov:2080/hydroweb.html This site is a good first step for anyone searching for water information on the web. Users can find water web pages, research, software, data, conference announcements, and discussion groups. There are links to government, university, commercial, and scientific and professional society web pages. Universities Water Information Network (UWIN) UWIN's page is a good place to find water news and specialized information. Under "Announcements," there are press releases, RFPs, calls for papers, events, and a catlog of books and software. "Directories" covers experts, consulting firms, and organizations. There are also employment listings and links pages at this site.

56. TWDB Bays And Estuaries In some estuaries, significant runoff originates in these ungaged areas basin runoffis found by summing flows originating in both gaged and ungaged watersheds. http://hyper20.twdb.state.tx.us/data/bays_estuaries/hydrologypage.html

Search Home Data Bays and Estuaries Hydrology Data available through this web page represent fresh water inflows into Texas estuaries. Inflow summaries for the Sabine-Neches Estuary (Sabine Lake), Trinity-San Jacinto Estuary (Galveston Bay), Lavaca-Tres Palacios Estuary (Matagorda Bay), Guadalupe Estuary (San Antonio Bay), Mission- Aransas Estuary (Aransas Bay), and Nueces Estuary (Corpus Christi Bay) are currently available. Monthly and annual flow data beginning in 1941 are provided in these summaries. Freshwater inflow comes primarily from precipitation over each estuary's drainage basin. Runoff enters streams and rivers, makes its way to the mouth of each watershed, and eventually reaches the estuary. Along the way, some water is diverted for man's use. Diverted water that is not consumed can be returned to the streams. Flow from larger watersheds and important rivers is monitored by United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream gages. USGS stream gages have historically been located far upstream from the estuary to remove them from the influence of tidal variations in flow and water level. Downstream of these gages, between the gage and the point where the stream meets the estuary, streamflow is ungaged. In some estuaries, significant runoff originates in these ungaged areas. Total flow from drainage basin runoff is found by summing flows originating in both gaged and ungaged watersheds. Gaged flows are obtained from USGS streamflow records. Ungaged runoff is the sum of i) computed runoff, using a rainfall-runoff simulation model, based on precipitation over the watershed, ii) flow diverted from streams by municipal, industrial, agricultural, and other users, and iii) unconsumed flow returned to streams.

57. ArtSci2001 Presenters information needed to protect, sustain and restore Gulf of Maine coastal habitatsand resources, especially those found in salt marsh estuaries and watersheds. http://www.asci.org/ArtSci2001/rahmani1.html

INVITED PRESENTERS ArtSci 2001, Nov. 2-4, 2001 Aviva Rahmani (eco-artist) Michele Dionne, PhD (coastal ecologist) (caption details below) What the Earth needs now is a good housekeeper. Habitat was lost by increments, it can be restored by increments ABOVE IMAGE - caption details: Image compiled by Aviva Rahmani and Irwin Novak (Department of Geoscience, University of Southern Maine) from data provided by the Planning Department of the City of Portland, Maine to Nasir Shir (GIS Laboratory, University of Southern Maine). Base aerial photography (1994, Scale: 1:12000) provided by Seth Barker (GIS Manager, Maine Dept. of Marine Resources). Aviva Rahmani- EMAIL: ghostnet@foxislands.net URL: http://www.ghostnets.com Michele Dionne, Ph.D.- michele.dionne@maine.edu or dionne@cybertours.com Michele Dionne, Ph. D. Research Director Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve 342 Laudholm Farm Road Wells, Maine 04090

58. Bridge - Estuaries EstuaryNet Project - An online project aimed to help solve non-point sourcepollution problems in estuaries and their watersheds. Grades 9-12. http://www.vims.edu/bridge/estuary.html

For resources concerning the Chesapeake Bay (the nation's largest estuary) go to the Chesapeake Bay page found in the Bridge's Regional Atlantic section. Exploring Estuaries - Use this website to explore these unique environments, including some of the plants and animals that live there. Through a variety of games and activities, you'll learn how you can help protect these natural treasures. You'll also learn how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is working to resotre and protect estuaries through the National Estuary Program. Oceanography: An ONR Science and Technology Focus Site - A comprehensive site from the Office of Naval Research with detailed topic information, online quizzes and activities. Look under the Habitats section for information and activities on estuaries. Estuary-Net Project - An online project aimed to help solve non-point source pollution problems in estuaries and their watersheds. Grades 9-12. Volunteer Estuary Monitoring - Produced by the EPA, this is an online manual for water quality monitors, but it also includes information on the science of and threats to estuaries. North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve - This website has a wealth of resources on North Carolina's estuaries including lesson plans, field guides, field trips, professional development opportunties and online water and weather data.

59. Research - Environmental Microbiology Introduction. Research in environmental microbiology focuses on microorganismsand microbiallymediated processes that occur in estuaries and watersheds. http://www.vims.edu/env/research/envmicro.html

Home Research Quick Links and Search People search Web search Calendars / Events Library search Contact Us Directions to VIMS Site Index Prospective students Current students Alumni Job Openings - For VIMS Use - ITNS Help Request Web Email VIMS Forms VIMS Policies Scheduling Resources CORE Reports Programs People Facilities Seminar ... Links Environmental Microbiology Introduction Research in environmental microbiology focuses on microorganisms and microbially-mediated processes that occur in estuaries and watersheds. These interests include the ecology of autochthonous bacteria and viruses in estuarine waters, emphasizing indicators of fecal contamination to assess health risk in shellfish growing and recreational marine waters and their application to identify sources of contamination within watersheds. The role of microorganisms in disease syndromes such as fish ulceration attributed to Pfiesteria or other causes and bivalve diseases are investigated. Research Research efforts evaluate the validity and ecology of microorganisms as indicators of sewage or fecal contamination and cultural, immunological, and molecular methods for their detection and enumeration. Other research interests include nitrification, microbial degradation of xenobiotic compounds and petroleum hydrocarbons, processes within watersheds that affect the microbial ecology of receiving waters, bacterial pathogens and disease processes of shellfish and finfish, and the ecology of naturally occurring viruses. Microbiological problems relevant to state and national interests and of regulatory or resource management significance are commonly addressed.

60. Long Island Sound Watershed watersheds are the land that water flows across as it makes its way to gutters, streams,bays, lakes, and rivers, and out to estuaries and eventually the ocean http://greenct.org/LONGIS~1.HTM

Long Island Sound Watershed Estuaries Long Island Sound is an estuary. An estuary is a tidal body of water that is fed by both salt and fresh water sources. Estuaries are partially sheltered water sources that are protected by land from harsh winds, and storms, that occur in oceans. Because of this protection, estuaries are perfect habitats for marine creatures in early stages of development. Estuaries are special because they act as transition habitats for marine animals moving from fresh water sources to ocean habitats. They also act as temporary homes or resting places for many creatures such as migratory birds and mammals, and as breeding grounds for many fish and other wildlife, and as permanent homes to shellfish and finfish. Tens of thousands of species can be found in an estuary. Many types of birds, fish, and mammals depend on estuaries for survival. Estuaries are important because they are among the most productive systems on earth. Due to the unique water chemistry, many habitats are created. The mixture of salt and fresh water, tidal conditions, and shelter from harsh atmospheric conditions, create a unique and critical habitat for the survival of many marine species.

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