21. Ecuador History And Geography Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with itsneighbors. A border war with Peru that flared in 1995 was resolved in 1999. http://www.worldhistory.com/geos/ec.htm

[Country Listing] The World Factbook Home] Ecuador Ecuador Introduction [Top of Page] Background: The "Republic of the Equator" was one of three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Colombia and Venezuela). Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with its neighbors. A border war with Peru that flared in 1995 was resolved in 1999. Geography [Top of Page] Location: Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru Geographic coordinates: 2 00 S, 77 30 W Map references: South America Area: total: 283,560 sq km land: 276,840 sq km water: 6,720 sq km note: includes Galapagos Islands Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Nevada Land boundaries: total: 2,010 km border countries: Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km Coastline: 2,237 km Maritime claims: continental shelf: claims continental shelf between mainland and Galapagos Islands territorial sea: 200 nm Climate: tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands Terrain: coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)

22. Ecuador History - World66 History. edit this Advanced indigenous cultures flourished in Ecuador longbefore the area was conquered by the Inca empire in the 15th century. http://www.world66.com/southamerica/ecuador/history

the travel guide you write Recent Changes login register Home ... Ecuador Sections Ecuador Map History Getting There ... [Add Section] Maps View Enlargement History [edit this] This is no World66 image. It was found using an Internet search. more.. [Change image] [Upload image] Advanced indigenous cultures flourished in Ecuador long before the area was conquered by the Inca empire in the 15th century. In 1534 the Spanish arrived and defeated the Inca armies and Spanish colonists became the new elite. The indigenous population was decimated by disease in the first decades of Spanish rulea time when the natives were also forced into the "encomienda" labor system for Spanish landlords. In 1563 Quito became the seat of a royal audiencia (administrative district) of Spain. After independence forces defeated the royalist army in 1822 Ecuador joined Simon Bolivar's Republic of Gran Colombia only to become a separate republic in 1830. The 19th century was marked by instability with a rapid succession of rulers. The conservative Gabriel Garcia Moreno unified the country in the 1860s with the support of the Catholic Church. In the late 1800s world demand for cocoa tied the economy to commodity exports and led to migrations from the highlands to the agricultural frontier on the coast. A coastal-based liberal revolution in 1895 under Eloy Alfaro reduced the power of the clergy and opened the way for capitalist development. The end of the cocoa boom produced renewed political instability and a military coup in 1925. The 1930s and 1940s were marked by populist politicians such as five-time president Jose Velasco Ibarra. In January 1942 Ecuador signed the Rio Protocol to end a brief war with Peru the year before; Ecuador agreed to a border that conceded to Peru much territory Ecuador previously had claimed in the Amazon. After World War II a recovery in the market for agricultural commodities and the growth of the banana industry helped restore prosperity and political peace. From 1948-60 three presidentsbeginning with Galo Plazawere freely elected and completed their terms.

23. Ecuador: History Click to go to text menu. You are here History. Ecuador. In 1478, InkaTopa Yupanqui united the agricultural peoples who had inhabited http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=15

24. Ecuador - Ministry Of Tourism - Ecuador Information on ecuador history, Ecuador economy, Ecuador culture, Ecuador nature,Ecuador climate, Ecuador geography, and more. Ministry of Tourism, Ecuador. http://www.vivecuador.com/html2/eng/ecuador.htm

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Check-In: January February March April May June July August September October November December Check out: January February March April May June July August September October November December City: Flights Hotels Cars Vacation Packages ... Maps Airline Specials US Carriers Air Grand Canyon Air Sunshine Air Wisconsin Airlines Alaska Airlines ... World Airways Canadian Carriers Air Canada Air Inuit Canadian North Central Mountain Air ... West Jet French Carriers Air France German Carriers Deutsche Lufthansa AG British Carriers British Airways KLM UK Ltd ... Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd Australian Carriers Airnorth Ansett Norfolk Jet Qantas Airways Ltd ... Virgin Blue Airline Japanese Carriers All Nipon Airways JL Japan Airlines Malasian Carriers Malaysia Airlines Singaporian Carriers Singapore Airlines Indian Carriers Air-India Ltd Indian Airlines Jet Airways Ltd Sahara Airlines Ltd Irish Carriers RyanAir Ecuador > ecuador history The Best ecuador history Sites We've Found Click here for ecuador history Travel Deals It's easy to find the best hotels, airfare, rental cars and more. Our powerful new search engine returns vacation deals directly to you. http://www.cheapairlines.com

26. Review By Luis Carrera De La Torre BIODIVERSITY IN ecuador history AND REALITY Quito National Museum of Medicineof Ecuador, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Secretary http://egj.lib.uidaho.edu/egj03/carrer01.html

Electronic Green Journal - April 1995 - Volume 2, Issue 1 Review by Luis Carrera De La Torre President of Ecuador's Advisory Commission on Environmental Means and Secretary Pro Tempore of the Treaty of the Amazonian Cooperation, Av. 10 de Agosto No. 3560 y Mariana de Jesus, Edificio Metrocar, 4to. piso Quito, Ecuador. Estrella, Eduardo, LA BIODIVERSIDAD EN EL ECUADOR: HISTORIA Y REALIDAD. Quito: Museo Nacional de Medicina del Ecuador, Organizacion de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentacion(FAO), Secretaria Pro Tempore del Tratado de Cooperacion Amazonica, 1993. 103 pp. ISBN: 9978-82-404-9. Estrella, Eduardo. BIODIVERSITY IN ECUADOR: HISTORY AND REALITY Quito: National Museum of Medicine of Ecuador, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Secretary Pro Tempore of the Treaty of Amazonian Cooperation, 1993. 103 pp. ISBN:9978-82-404-9. The review was translated by Janet Groff Greever, Robert Hook and Carolyn Hook. Nature was excessively lavish in Ecuador, Eduardo Estrella tells us in this documented study. Its residents have been blessed with a great privilege, and at the same time, with a tremendous responsibility. Because of its spatial characteristics, Ecuador has been and continues to be a privileged place to live. At this point, it becomes evident that there is a conflict between development and conservation. Development, which is a process considered good for humans, only merits this name when it is sustaining; and that, in its turn, only succeeds when population (social), production (economic), and the environment are kept in equilibrium. That is to say, development succeeds only when each action taken is necessary, obligatory and simultaneously socially just, economically profitable and environmentally sustainable.

27. Ecuador: History Related content from HighBeam Research on ecuador history. Anthropogenicchange in the landscapes of highland Ecuador. (The Geographical http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0857894.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Ecuador History Through the Nineteenth Century Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, Ecuador was controlled by the Inca empire. Francisco Pizarro's subordinate, , entered the area in 1533. Not finding the wealth of the mythical El Dorado, he and other conquistadors, notably Gonzalo Pizarro and Orellana , moved restlessly on and the region became a colonial backwater. Given an audiencia in 1563 and established politically as the presidency of Quito, it was at various times subject to Peru and to New Granada Sucre in the battle of Pichincha to Greater Colombia. Flores that year. Boundary disputes led to frequent invasions by Peruvians in the 19th and 20th cent. The entire eastern frontier, known as Oriente, was in dispute. (In 1942, Ecuador signed a treaty ceding a large area to Peru, but in 1960 it renounced the treaty.) Bitter internecine struggles between Conservatives and Liberals marked the political history of Ecuador in the 19th cent. The Conservatives, led by Flores and

28. Ecuador Adoption - Agencies Photolisting International Adoption Agency Ecuador Directory. Adoption Sites, Adoption Community, Adoption Shop, AdoptionReunion, International Adoption. ecuador history. Historical Background http://ecuador.adoption.com/files/history/Ecuador.php?country=Ecuador

29. Ecuador Adoption - Agencies Photolisting International Adoption Agency Ecuador Country Information Ecuador Communication Info Ecuador Geography Info EcuadorGovernment Info Ecuador Embassy Info ecuador history Ecuador Military Info http://ecuador.adoption.com/

Adoption.com Home Unplanned Pregnancy Hoping to Adopt Parent Profiles Adoption Directory Adoption Sites Adoption Community Adoption Shop Adoption Reunion International Adoption Ecuador Adoption More Pictures Ecuador Holidays Visas Issued to Ecuador Children International Adoption Booklet ... Ecuador Adoption Booklet Adoption Professionals Children's House International Send us an E-mail Phone: (360) 380-5370 PO Box 1829 Ferdale, WA 98248 Map Directions to our Office Gladney Center for Adoption - TX Send us an E-mail Toll Free: (800) 452-3639 Phone: (817) 922-6088 6300 John Ryan Drive Fort Worth, TX 76132 Map Directions to our Office Professionals, Add your listing here AdoptionFinancing.com - Financial assistance to make your adoption dreams a reality. AdoptionBenefits.com – Explore adoption benefits and find out what benefits your employer provides. AdoptionTaxCredit.com – Information and support on the adoption tax credit. Message Boards at Forums.Adoption.com Adoption from Ecuador Attachment Disorders Canadians Adopting Internationally ... Travel Community Forums.Adoption.com

30. The Price Of Oil This heritage is certainly relevant in Ecuador s turbulent history and the recentemergence of CONAIE, the national federation of indigenous nations, as a http://www.globalaware.org/Artlicles_eng/Ecuador History.htm

Home Contact About Us Get Involved ... ARTICLES Main Menu GA article Check the GA Image Library for more images on this theme! World, Abya Yala , Ecuador August 19th, 2002 WWW.GLOBALAWARE.ORG Social/Economic History of Ecuador By Dr. LESLIE JERMYN. It is often remarked that modern Latin American societies, particularly those with significant indigenous populations like Mexico, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Paraguay, are still dealing with the consequences of the colonial regime which established rigid social and economic hierarchies. This heritage is certainly relevant in Ecuador's turbulent history and the recent emergence of CONAIE, the national federation of indigenous nations, as a force to be reckoned with in national and international policy making. Below is a brief outline of some of the events and processes that have created modern Ecuadorian society, economy and politics. The Inca State At 1400, the Inca were a dynasty of rulers that had controlled a very small river valley in Peru for about 200 years. During the reign of the 9th ruler, Yupanqui in 1438-1471, the Inca began to move beyond their borders and conquer neighbouring groups. As they moved north to what became Ecuador, they encountered 2 groups organized loosely under a paramount chief: the Cañari in the south and the Cara in the north. The Cañari were fairly easily subdued in the 1450s but the Cara offered greater resistance. The Inca tried to incorporate slash and burn agriculturalists in the Amazon but were beaten back. They did establish some trade with Amazonian peoples in order to access medicines, jaguar skins, gold, feathers and coca.

31. Ecuador: History Bitter internecine struggles between Conservatives and Liberals markedthe political history of Ecuador in the 19th cent. The Conservatives http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0857894.html

Encyclopedia Ecuador History Through the Nineteenth Century Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, Ecuador was controlled by the Inca empire. Francisco Pizarro's subordinate, , entered the area in 1533. Not finding the wealth of the mythical El Dorado, he and other conquistadors, notably Gonzalo Pizarro and Orellana , moved restlessly on and the region became a colonial backwater. Given an audiencia in 1563 and established politically as the presidency of Quito, it was at various times subject to Peru and to New Granada Sucre in the battle of Pichincha to Greater Colombia. Flores that year. Boundary disputes led to frequent invasions by Peruvians in the 19th and 20th cent. The entire eastern frontier, known as Oriente, was in dispute. (In 1942, Ecuador signed a treaty ceding a large area to Peru, but in 1960 it renounced the treaty.) Bitter internecine struggles between Conservatives and Liberals marked the political history of Ecuador in the 19th cent. The Conservatives, led by Flores and Rocafuerte Alfaro Montalvo The Twentieth Century Velasco Ibarra became president (for the second time) by a coup in 1944. He was ousted in 1947, and the next year Galo

32. South America Vacations: South America Hotels And Resorts, South America Tours Ecuador Overview ecuador history Ecuador Culture Ecuador Geography Ecuador PracticalInfo South America Premium Luxury Tour Packages Click here to book your http://www.travelwizard.com/southamerica/Equador_History.html

South America Vacations, South America Tours, South America Hotels and Resorts Site Index South America Vacation Guide: Romantic South America Vacations South America Luxury Vacations, Travel, Tours, and Cruise Consultants Call 1-415-662-2683 to book your South America vacation South America Countries Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile ... Galapagos Islands Luxury Tours Ecuador: History The "Republic of the Equator" was one of three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Colombia and Venezuela). Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with its neighbors. A border war with Peru that flared in 1995 was resolved in 1999. Ecuador Overview Ecuador History Ecuador Culture Ecuador Geography ... Ecuador Pictures Other Places in Ecuador Galapagos Islands Galapagos Pictures Free, Full Service South America Vacation Planners Click here to save money, time and stress planning, making reservations, or booking your South America vacation with our full service Virtuoso Travel Consultants We are recommended, authorized Virtuoso South America Travel Consultants, and will arrange every little detail to make sure you have a wonderful, carefree vacation experience at no extra charge! You may call our South America Travel Consultants, but first- we'd really appreciate it if you complete our

33. NCBuy: Ecuador History - Country Reference History background report for Ecuador. part of the Countries of the World ReferenceCenter profile for Ecuador. Country List ». Backgrounds ecuador history. http://www.ncbuy.com/reference/country/backgrounds.html?code=ec&sec=backhistory

34. About Ecuador: History - Ecuador Amazing Direct Tour Operators, Ecuador Tours, G Information about Ecuador, history, geography, climate, flora and fauna, government,economy, population, people, culture, arts, education, religion, language http://www.ecuadoramazing.com/learn/abc1.html

About Ecuador A long and fascinating history History Geography Climate Government ... Coat of Arms This page provides a summary of the key events and dates throughout the history of Ecuador. It's a good primer, but presents highlights only. Topics include: Early History The Inca Empire The Spanish Conquest Colonization ... The 20th Century Early History Common archeological wisdom has it that South America's first inhabitants arrived in South America about 14,000 years ago, after their ancestors came across what we now call the Bering Strait. (Recently, this view has been disputed.) Stone-age tools dated to 9000 BC have been discovered in the Quito area. The earliest known sign of a developed culture dates to 3200 BC. Examples of these cultures can be seen in museums in Quito and Guayaquil. Pre-Inca tribes existed, but most of their history is lost to time and legend. The earliest details, dated about 11th century AD, are of two dominant tribes: the Caras in the coastal areas and the Quitus in the sierra highlands. The ambitious Caras, led by Shyri, conquered the Quitus, although some historians believe this to have been peaceful. The Inca Empire The defeat of the northern tribe took many years, and Huayana Capac grew up in Ecuador. After succeeding his father to the throne, he spend many years traveling throughout his empire dealing with various uprisings. He often strengthened his position by marriages. One of them, to the daughter of the defeated Cacha Duchicela, produced a son, Atahualpa.

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ANTIQUARIAAT SIGMA IJsselkade 13 7201 HC Zutphen The Netherlands Telf. : (+31)(0)575-546606 Fax : (+31)(0)575-543145 E-mail: jonsigma@introweb.nl Catalogue: COLOMBIA and ECUADOR See "HOW TO ORDER" AT END 3125 CARVALHO-NETO, PAULO DE Folklore Poetico. (Apuntes de sistematica). Added: Cancionero Ecuatoriano (Investigaciones de campo). 295 p., index 1966 Quito SOFTCOVER: (Orig. paper wrappers, VERY GOOD) .. propesta e clasificacion y archivo de los versos tradicionales y aporte al cancionero ecuatoriano... KEY WORDS: Latin America South America Ecuador Ethnography Anthropology Folklore poetry 3124 CUBILLOS, JULIO CESAR Arqueologia de San Agustin: El Estrecho, El Parador y Mesita C.. . 174 p., (col.), (fold.) ills., maps, index, bibliogr. 1980 Bogota : Fond. de Investigaciones Arqueologicas Nacionales SOFTCOVER: (Orig. paper wrappers, VERY GOOD) KEY WORDS: Latin America South America Colombia Archaeology 76 CUETO Y MENA, JUAN DE Obras. Edicion critica con introd. y notas por A. Woodford. Prologo de J.M.Rivas Sacconi . XXXIX+314 p.,bibliogr. 1952 Bogota : Caro y Cuervo SOFTCOVER: (paperb.,uncut,ex libris Dr.J.A.van Praag) KEY WORDS: Latin America South America Colombia History 755 D'ESPAGNAT, PIERRE Souvenirs de la Nouvelle Grenade. . VII+389 p. 1901 Paris : Charpentier SOFTCOVER: (paperb., some browning, uncut)

36. Ecuador History Results From Gezia.org ecuador history. Updated 2004May-16 144610. ecuador history results listed belowGet CASH for taking 5 minute online surveys. Click here now !!! http://ecuador.gezia.org/ecuador-history.html

ecuador history Updated 2004-May-20 14:46:10 ecuador history results listed below: Click on any dataset below to retrieve information nextag rating for term ecuador Title: Ecuador - Cheap Hotel Rate ... cumbaya ecuador These searches may be useful as well

37. The History Of Ecuador - Learn While Volunteering ecuador's history. Centers Around Conflict and Loss. ecuador's coastal region and the high Andean basins were inhabited by Indian tribes when the first Europeans reached the area's Pacific coast in http://www.globalvolunteers.org/1main/ecuador/ecuadorhistory.htm

Volunteer In Ecuador Volunteer Abroad Volunteer In The USA How To Apply ... Request Information Ecuador's History Centers Around Conflict and Loss Ecuador's coastal region and the high Andean basins were inhabited by Indian tribes when the first Europeans reached the area's Pacific coast in 1526. The Inca Empire extended over the highland region to an area near Quito. The Spanish colonists established themselves in the country in 1534, and ruled for nearly three centuries. The first uprising against Spanish rule took place in 1809. Finally, on May 24, 1822, independence was won by the armies of Simon Bolivar, with the key battles in Ecuador lead by Antonio Jose de Sucre, one of Bolivar's field marshals. But the struggles were not over. After an unsuccessful federation with Colombia and Venezuela, Ecuador became an independent nation in 1830. During the first century of its independence, Ecuador changed its contitutions 13 times, and only few of its presidents had managed to serve a full four-year term. The economic development associated with the cocoa boom at the end of the nineteenth and the first quarter of the twentieth century helped to improve and stabilize the country's administration, despite the frequent turnover in rulers -18 presidents between 1897 and 1934, and 25 presidents between 1934 and 1988 Refounded as the colonial capital, Quito became famous in the 17th and 18th centuries as an art center. Today, the old colonial center has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its beauty.

38. An Introduction To Ecuador history People. ecuador s culture and history mirrors the diversityof its landscape. ecuador s modern history has had its struggles. http://www.geographia.com/ecuador/

Ecuador Exploring Ecuador Latin America Homepage The World Epithet after epithet was found too weak to convey to those who have not visited the intertropical regions, the sensations of delight which the mind experiences. - Charles Darwin I f an argumentative group of travelers sat down to design a shared destination, they would be hard put to come up with a place that would best Ecuador. Packed like a knee-cap between Peru and Columbia, Ecuador contains within its borders an improbable variety of landscape and culture. For the mountaineer, it is bisected by an epic stretch of the northern Andes. For the jungle explorer, there is a biological mother lode within the Amazonian Oriente. The sea-minded are rewarded with miles of Pacific coastline, to say nothing of the living wonders of the Galapagos Islands . Not only are these regions highly defined, but excluding Galapagos they are also wonderfully contiguous. The entire country is about the size of Washington state, and it is home to some of the world's most extraordinary national parks. In a matter of two hundred miles, the traveler can penetrate all of the mainland's defining regionsthe coastal lowlands in the West, the

39. Ecuador & The Galapagos Islands History | Lonely Planet World Guide Thorn Tree Posts. Postcards. Related Weblinks. ecuador the Galapagos Islands. history. The history of preInca ecuador is lost in a misty tangle of time and legend, and the earliest historical details date back only as far as the 11th century AD. The first Spaniards landed in northern ecuador in 1526. Pizarro reached the http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/south_america/ecuador_and_the_galapagos

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks History The history of pre-Inca Ecuador is lost in a misty tangle of time and legend, and the earliest historical details date back only as far as the 11th century AD. It is commonly believed that Asian nomads reached the South American continent by about 12,000 BC and were later joined by Polynesian colonizers. Centuries of tribal expansion, warfare and alliances resulted in the relatively stable Duchicela lineage, which ruled more or less peacefully for about 150 years until the arrival of the Incas around 1450 AD. Despite fierce opposition, the conquering Inca soon held the region, helped by strong leadership and policies of intermarriage. War over the inheritance of the new Inca kingdom weakened and divided the region on the eve of the arrival of the Spanish invaders. The first Spaniards landed in northern Ecuador in 1526. Pizarro reached the country in 1532 and spread terror among the Indians thanks to his conquistadors' horses, armor and weaponry. The Inca leader, Atahualpa, was ambushed, held for ransom, 'tried' and executed, and the Inca empire was effectively demolished. Quito held out for two years but was eventually razed by Atahualpa's general, Rumi±ahui, rather than be lost intact to the invading Spaniards. Quito was refounded in December 1534. Today, only one intact Inca site remains in Ecuador - Ingapirca, to the north of Cuenca. There were no major uprisings by the Ecuadorian Indians, though life was abysmal under Spanish rule. Spain ruled the colony from Lima, Peru, until 1739, when it was transferred to the viceroyalty of Colombia. It was largely rural and conservative, with large estates of introduced cattle and bananas farmed by forced labor.

40. Equateur includes photos of Andes, Amazonia and Galapagos; music clips; history, geography, and cultural information. http://perso.easynet.fr/~lsoulie/

Bienvenue pour un voyage en Equateur Welcome for a trip to Ecuador English Version This Travelring site owned by souliela@multimania.com Previous 5 Sites Skip Previous Previous ... LinkExchange Member This site is best viewed in 800*600/64000+ colors

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