81. Psychology Today Conditions Center, Compulsive Gambling Severe family problems, financial ruin, and criminal behavior to supportthe habit may result. The cause for this behavior is unknown. http://cms.psychologytoday.com/conditions/gambling.html

82. COURSE DESCRIPTIONS—CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND SOCIOLOGY Specifically, it will cover the nature of crime, the causes of criminalbehavior and the reactions to crime. Theories of crime causation http://www.aamu.edu/BehavioralScience/socandcj.htm

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS—CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND SOCIOLOGY Criminal Justice CRJ Introduction to Criminal Justice 3 hrs. This course is designed to survey the entire American criminal justice process and systems including criminal laws, police subsystem, judicial subsystem, and correctional subsystem. Issues in America’s criminal justice system will be integrated into the coverage. Prerequisite: None (Offered Fall) CRJ Rules of Evidence in Criminal Cases 3 hrs This course covers the foundation and rationale of rules of evidence in criminal cases as well as rules of evidence pertaining to the various types of evidence, such as testimony of witnesses, judicial notice, hearsay, confession, physical evidence, etc. Prerequisite: CRJ (Offered Spring) CRJ Criminal Law and Procedure 3 hrs Consideration of selected problems in criminal law of special significance to police officers and administrators. Prerequisite: CRJ (Offered Fall) CRJ Deviant Behavior 3 hrs A study of processes by which some members of society become deviant. Readings will deal with particular forms of deviance such as mental illness, suicides, prostitution, use of drugs, riots, vice, and white collar crime in an effort to arrive at a general

83. How The Program Works How the program works. Stress as a cause of criminal behavior. At leastfive judges of Missouri’s 22 nd Judicial Circuit Court have http://www.enlightenedsentencing.org/how-the-program-works.htm

Home How the Program Works Stress Removing Stress Scientific Research Summary Ongoing Research ... Links How the program works Stress as a cause of criminal behavior At least five judges of Missouri’s 22 nd Judicial Circuit Court have recognized that stress is at the basis of criminal behavior. They have identified a need to address the stress-coping skills of offenders to promote their rehabilitation and have been sentencing offenders to participate in The Enlightened Sentencing Project as a condition of their probation. Offenders include those convicted of diverse offences such as manslaughter, assault, burglary, robbery, sexual offences and offences relating to drug and alcohol abuse. The theory that stress is at the basis of the behavior of offenders is supported by many experts in criminal justice: Roger G Lanphear in his thought-provoking book “Freedom from Crime” states: “I have made no effort to discuss all of the many theories on the causes of crime The interesting thing, however, is that in some manner, all these theories point to stress as the ultimate cause of crime.” Art Anderson, former Director of the Criminal Justice Division for the Office of Attorney General for the State of Arkansas, made the following conclusion in a speech before the Governor’s Commission on Crime and Law Enforcement, Little Rock, Arkansas:

84. Behavioral Sciences - Academic Majors - Undergraduate Admissions Criminology is the science that studies crime and criminal behavior, the causesof crime, the definition of criminality, and the social reaction to the http://www.capital.edu/prosp/ug/behavioralsciencemajor.html

Home Prospective Students Undergraduate Admissions Academic Majors Admission to Capital University Apply Online Admission Considerations Schedule a Visit Admission Events ... Request More Information Other Admission Information Non-Degree Admission Summer Session Summer Science Institute Behavioral Sciences Majors Behavioral Sciences The Behavioral Sciences Program The behavioral sciences department offers majors and minors in criminology, psychology and sociology, and a certificate in substance abuse counseling. As a psychology, sociology or criminology major, you will learn to think like scientists about individual and social behavior. Scientific understanding requires: Recognition of ethnic, cultural, social and gender diversity A broad and deep knowledge base incorporating social and natural science aspects of each specific discipline Methodological competence in statistics, research design and assessment methods

85. Parenting And Parenthood Information - Parenthood.com is an oftcited cause for these actions, psychologists offer informed opinionson the roots of this obnoxious – and sometimes criminal – behavior. http://www.parenthood.com/articles.html?article_id=3696

86. Crime Bibliography mean that gambling was the cause of the research concluded that while pathologicalgambling behavior is an important component of criminal activities, other http://www.naspl.org/bibliog5.html

Problem Gambling Bibliography Crime If you know of an article that should be included in this bibliography, or believe that an article is inaccurately described, e-mail us at nasplhq@aol.com Crime, Antisocial Personality and Pathological Gambling. Alex Blaszczynski, Neil McConaghy, A. Frankova. Journal of Gambling Behavior, 5:137-152, 1989. Structured interviews of 109 Australian pathological gamblers found that 37 percent had committed no criminal offense, 40 percent committed gambling-related offenses, 9 percent non-gambling offenses, and 14 percent both gambling and non-gambling offenses. Only 14 percent qualified for a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. Most crimes were nonviolent crimes against property. Compulsive Gambling. Henry R. Lesieur. Society p43-50, May/June, 1992. This article explores the costs of compulsive gambling to society and to individual gamblers. One study of Gamblers Anonymous members found that pathological gamblers are responsible for an estimated 1.3 billion dollars in insurance-related fraud per year. Children of pathological gamblers were more likely to have gambling problems. Studies of prisoners, alcohol and drug abusing inpatients, Veteran's Administration inpatients and Gamblers Anonymous members found that approximately two-thirds of non-incarcerated and 97 percent of incarcerated pathological gamblers admit engaging in illegal behavior to finance their gambling activities. Surveys indicate that 1 to 2 percent of the adult population are probably pathological gamblers and 2 to 3 percent are problem gamblers.

87. Black Males In The Criminal Justice System - Causes, Effects, And http://www.sistahspace.com/nommo/index8.html

88. Program Courses ADMJ 105 Community/Human Relations relationship between criminal justice agentsand the community; study of behavioral causes for the lack of cooperation http://frc.edu/hayes/department/Program_Courses.htm

Home Instructors Advisory Board Program Philosophy ... Email Required Major Courses ADMJ 102 - Introduction to Administration of Justice: history and philosophy of justice as evolved throughout the world; the American system and various subsystems; roles and role expectations of criminal justice agents in their interrelationships in society; concept of crime causation, punishments and rehabilitation; ethics, education and training for professionalism in the social system. (The course also fulfills general education requirement for non-Administration of Justice majors). ADMJ 108 - Introduction to Investigations: fundamentals of investigation; techniques of crime scene search and recording; collection and preservation of physical evidence; modus operandi processes; sources of information; interview and interrogation; follow-up investigations. ADMJ 114 - Juvenile Justice: techniques of handling juvenile offenders and victims; prevention and repression of delinquency; diagnosis and referral; organization of community resources; juvenile law and juvenile court procedures. (The course also fulfills general education requirement for non-Administration of Justice majors).

89. School Of Criminal Justice CRIMINOLOGY (3). Crime and criminal behavior, theories, and research. Causesof crime. Crime rates. US and international comparisons. 21 62202304. http://www.newark.rutgers.edu/rscj/Pages/UngradCourses.html

Undergraduate Criminal Justice Courses Societal responses to people and organizations that violate criminal codes; police, courts, juries, prosecutors, defense, and correctional agencies, and the standards and methods used to respond to crime and criminal offenders; social pressures that enhance or impair the improvement of criminal laws and the fair administration of criminal justice. An in-depth survey of changing social values about gender, changing criminal codes about sex crimes, changing law enforcement policies and procedures in prosecuting sex offenders, and emerging legal doctrines about privacy and sexual rights. The function of police in contemporary society; the problems arising between citizens and police from the enforcement and nonenforcement of laws, from social changes, and from individual and group police attitudes and practices. Examines and analyzes the major types of custodial and community-based criminal corrections in contemporary America. Discusses purposes of corrections, correctional organization, impact of corrections, and contemporary issues facing the field. Crimes organized by persons whose economic, political, and privileged positions facilitate the commission with ease and relative impunity of unusual crimes which are often national and international in scope and which have serious, long-term consequences.

90. IU, Criminal Justice Department - Undergraduate criminal Justice studies both the nature, causes, and effects of normviolatingbehavior, and the reactions of individuals, groups, and society to such http://www.indiana.edu/~crimjust/Main/undergrad.htm

Indiana University Department of Criminal Justice 302 Sycamore Hall Bloomington, IN 47405 About the Department Undergraduate Graduate People ... Home Study CJUS! Program Info Resources Explore Criminal Justice! Are you curious about . . . What causes criminal behavior? How society deals with madness? Sex, drugs, and the spread of AIDS? How disputes are resolved in other cultures? ... How criminal justice works in theory . . . . . . and in practice? If so, the Department of Criminal Justice has something for you! Criminal Justice studies both the nature, causes, and effects of norm-violating behavior, and the reactions of individuals, groups, and society to such violations. Methods of regulating behavior, such as the formal criminal justice system or less formal practices of dispute management, are studied and evaluated as agents of change which contribute to the development of society. Criminal justice is multidisciplinary, drawing on broad fields of knowledge, including law, the social and behavioral sciences, the humanities, and the natural sciences. The department offers courses from a wide variety of perspectives, taught by faculty trained in fields as diverse as anthropology, criminology, geography, history, law, political science, psychology, and sociology. A major in criminal justice provides an excellent liberal arts background for a wide variety of career fields, as well as for graduate study, law school, and other professional schools. In addition, many of our graduates have found the program to be a useful, solid foundation for careers in business.

91. ADD Vs. ADHD- What's The Difference? guilt about asking directly; interrupt because their wandering thoughts will causethem to Are not as at risk for criminal behavior as people with ADHD because http://www.ldpride.net/addsub-types.htm

Description Of ADD vs. ADHD Click Home Description Of ADD vs. ADHD Definition: AD/HD is the presence of a genetic biochemical disorder that does not allow people to work to their full potential. The Brain: a) Frontal Lobe integrates all the information b) Parietal area processes sensory information c) Temporal – memory, balance, and hearing d) Occipital is the visual area Only the Frontal and Parietal areas are involved in AD/HD. Neurotransmitters: The brain talks to itself chemically and electronically. The chemical messengers are called neurotransmitters. A chemical imbalance is a neurotransmitter failure. S ymptoms can vary from day to day, hour to hour and sometimes cannot be seen. They affect everyone differently Two Types: ADD without Hyperactivity and AD H D display different symptoms, have different effects and require different treatment. ADD without Hyperactivity ADD with Hyperactivity Cause: The cause seems to reside primarily in the parietal lobe. The frontal lobe processes are intact. The size and structure of many brain areas differs; especially, a lack of activity in the frontal area (“Hypofrontality”). This is linked

92. Neuroscience For Kids - PCP He states that PCP use rarely results in violence and concludes that Phencyclidine does not cause aggression or criminal behavior. . http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/pcp.html

PCP - Phencyclidine What is PCP? "Angel Dust," "Hog," "Rocket Fuel," "DOA," "Peace Pill" - these are other names for the illegal drug phencyclidine (PCP) . PCP was developed in the 1950s as an anesthetic. However, the use of PCP as an anesthetic was stopped after some people experienced psychotic reactions after using the drug. PCP is now made illegally and has found its way onto the street, often contaminating other street drugs. In fact, PCP is often sold in place of drugs such as LSD and mescaline. According to the Monitoring the Future survey of drug trends, 2.3% of 12th graders in the United States used PCP sometime during the year 2000. PCP is classified as a dissociative anesthetic because users appear to be "disconnected" from their environment: they know where they are, but they do not feel as if they are part of it. The drug has different effects on different people. It can act as a stimulant, a depressant, an analgesic (decreasing pain) or a hallucinogen depending on the dose and route of administration. The effects produced by PCP are different from those caused by hallucinogens such as LSD . Rather than producing visual hallucinations, PCP causes changes in body image. In addition to these distortions of reality, PCP can cause frightening side effects such as feelings of terror and confusion.

93. Criminology & Law Studies - Marquette University Criminology and law studies moves beyond simple fascination to investigate causesand prevention of criminal behavior, as well as the meaning and application http://www.marquette.edu/pages/home/student/undergrad/studyingatmu/majors/crimin

Home Become a Student Freshman Majors DO WE HAVE YOUR MAJOR? Accounting Advertising Anthropology Athletic Training Biochemistry/Molecular Bio. Biological Sciences Biomedical Engineering Biomedical Sciences Business Administration Business Economics Chemistry Clinical Laboratory Science Communication Disorders Communication Studies Computational Mathematics Computer Engineering Computer Science Economics Education Electrical Engineering English Exercise Science Finance Foreign Languages History Human Resources Mgmt. Industrial Engineering Information Technology Interdisciplinary International Affairs International Business Journalism Marketing Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medical Technology Nursing Operations/Supply Chain Mgt. Philosophy Physical Therapy Physician Assistant Studies Physics Physiological Sciences Political Science Pre-dentistry Pre-law Pre-medicine Psychology Public Relations Social Welfare and Justice Sociology Theatre Arts Theology Women's Studies APPLY ONLINE LIVING AT MARQUETTE GETTING INTO MARQUETTE TRANSFER STUDENTS ... VISIT MARQUETTE Ours is a culture fascinated by crime, criminal behavior and the justice system. Criminology and law studies moves beyond simple fascination to investigate causes and prevention of criminal behavior, as well as the meaning and application of the legal process, law enforcement, court management and correctional treatment as each affects the rights and responsibilities of citizens. Visit the department that offers this major.

94. Behavioral Genetics During this time in American history, criminals, people with low IQs and who chooseto take up the search for intrinsic causes of our behavior will certainly http://www.rso.cornell.edu/scitech/archive/96fal/behav.html

Behavioral Genetics by Marcelo Vinces In 1991 Stephen Mobley shot a Georgia pizza parlor employee in the back of the head and bragged about the shooting to his friends. Last year, Mobley appealed his conviction to the state's Supreme Court. His new defense: my genes made me do it. Pointing to a long family history of genetic illness and criminal behavior, Mobley's attorneys argue that a range of genetic factors made it almost inevitable that he would eventually come to lead a life of crime. The Mobley case stands at the center of the age-old "nature versus nurture" debate in the development of human behavior. Interestingly enough, Mobley may have a good case: some recent studies and new techniques, have given new life to the one hundred and fifty year old quest to find a link between behavior and genes. Genes and Traits Genetics, Eugenics, and Nazis Sir Francis Galton, inspired by his cousin Darwin's Origin of Species (1859), pioneered the field of behavioral genetics, developing a school of thought called hereditarianism. Galton believed all human traits, including behavior, are solely determined by genes, without any contribution from the environment. This idea became the basis for eugenics, a term Galton coined in 1883 to describe the use of genetics for social planning. Galton, in other words, believed that genotype alone determined most characteristics, and that selective "breeding" of the human species could guarantee that the "best" traits would remain in the human population while the "worst" traits could be eliminated.

95. The Criminology Mega-Site Even today, there is still an interest in the biological causes of criminalbehavior. See the Crime Times the Biocriminology Newsletter. http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/criminology.htm

Shortcuts on this page: Terminology History Motives Policy Criminology is an advanced, theoretical field of study. It can be defined as the study of crime, the causes of crime (etiology), the meaning of crime in terms of law, and community reaction to crime. Not too long ago, criminology separated from its mother discipline, sociology, and although there are some historical continuities, it has since developed habits and methods of thinking about crime and criminal behavior that are uniquely its own. Theory is a complex subject in its own right. Criminological theory is no exception; it also tends to be complex. Some definitions of terms might help to understand the field: Criminology - the science of crime rates, individual and group reasons for committing crime, and community or societal reactions to crime. Criminologist - a person who studies criminology; not to be confused with a " criminalist " who reconstructs a crime scene or works with crime scene evidence for forensic purposes. Applied criminology - the art of creating typologies, classifications, predictions, and especially profiles of criminal offenders, their personalities and behavior patterns.

96. Concept Of The Month Concept of the Month October 2003 The Futility of Focusing on causes of CriminalBehavior When Evaluating and Counseling Adult or Juvenile Offenders. http://members.cox.net/samenow/conceptoctober_03.html

Concept of the Month October 2003 The Futility of Focusing on Causes of Criminal Behavior When Evaluating and Counseling Adult or Juvenile Offenders The human mind tries to make sense of experience. Thus the "why" question is often at the forefront. Why did the person do what he did? Why is he the way he is? Trying to determine motivation for a particular crime may be important in certain circumstances, even if it is elusive. But focusing on why a person is the way he is, why he has engaged in a life of crime is an exercise in futility and actually turns out to be a barrier to helping offenders change. Anything and everything has been cited as a cause of crime. The list is endless: poverty, affluence, abuse, television programming, lead in one's bones, diet, and even such factors as physical unattractiveness and global warming. (Yes, I have articles documenting all of this in my files.) There are many aspects of the human condition that we do not know the cause or causes of. That does not mean that we are powerless to address those conditions. In working with offenders, they already have innumerable excuses for crime. If we focus on causality, we give them an open forum to divert their assumption of personal responsibility and focus on factors external to themselves. They then become victims rather than the true victimizers that they are. One man said, "If I

97. Pearson Books - Criminology Variations in Crime Rates by Social Class. III. THE causes OF CRIMINALBEHAVIOR. 5. Biological and Psychological Explanations of Crime. http://www.pearsoned.co.uk/Bookshop/detail.asp?item=100000000042570

98. Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic And Its Causes Alice Millers books for another viewpoint into the psychological evolution of criminalbehavior. Violence Our Deadly Epidemic and Its causes Customer Review http://www.edu-books.com/Violence_Our_Deadly_Epidemic_and_Its_Causes_0399139796.

Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes by Authors: James Gilligan Released: November, 2000 ISBN: 0399139796 Hardcover Sales Rank: List price: Our price: Book > Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes > Customer Reviews: Average Customer Rating: Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes > Customer Review #1: What can YOU do to help prevent future criminals? This book helps to put in perspective the relationship between how we treat children/young adults and their later emotional development. Read any of Alice Millers books for another viewpoint into the psychological evolution of criminal behavior. Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes > Customer Review #2: Brilliant writing from experience I have only read the first half of this book. Mr. Gilliam is right on with his analysis of violent crime and life today...and why the prisons are filling up as they are. He is so ingenius as to spell out how prevention is so attainable, yet going totally ignored by our systems, both moral and judicial today. That is the sad part.

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