41. Summit Of The Americas Information Network World Bank indigenous People. indigenous peoples mandates from the Third Summit of the Americas. XXXI OAS General Assembly San José, costa rica, June 35, 2001. http://www.summit-americas.org/Quebec-Indigenous/indigenous-mainpage-eng.htm

Updated March 20, 2002 Indigenous Peoples For more information on activities in this area, please see the following Web sites: IDB: Indigenous People OAS/III: Inter-American Indian Institute World Bank: Indigenous People Indigenous Peoples mandates from the Third Summit of the Americas XXXI OAS General Assembly San José, Costa Rica, June 3-5, 2001 During the General Assembly the following resolutions were approved: AG/RES. 1780 (XXXI-O/01) American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples This Resolution requests that the Permanent Council, through an appropriate and specific body, continue to consider the Draft American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Follow Up to Indigenous Peoples Mandates Special Session on the Draft American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People In compliance with a Quebec City mandate, as well as a 2001 General Assembly mandate, the Chair of the

42. Escape Tours: Costa Rica General History These indigenous peoples retreated to the highlands where they could, leaving the ofsight-out-of-mind attitude toward its colonies, costa rica received little http://www.webtravel.com/camerica/costa/sjohist.html

Costa Rica - General History We'll begin our short trip through Costa Rica's history with pre-Colombian times. The famous Mayan empire did not extend this far south in Central America. The people here were called the Chorotegas . They farmed corn, beans, fruit, and cotton. They also hunted, had large cities with religious centers, and militaries for gaining land and slaves (used for labor and ritual sacrifice). The women were the only ones allowed access to internal commerce - the market. They were also the primary artisans and writers. Then Christopher Columbus landed at what is now Puerto Limon in 1502. Soon after, Spanish explorers began arriving, and as is the theme throughout Central and South America, the onslaught of the Spanish conquistadors greatly decimated the Chorotegas' numbers through war and disease. These indigenous peoples retreated to the highlands where they could, leaving the lowlands to the Spanish and those captured for slave labor. In 1562 Juan Vasquez de Coronado arrived to take charge of the new colony as governor, establishing the capital of Cartago on the rich volcanic soils of the central area. Due to Spain's out-of-sight-out-of-mind attitude toward its colonies, Costa Rica received little assistance from the father country and so had to subsist on its own, fostering a sense of pride, egalitarianism and self-sufficiency that exists to this day. The little tropical country split with Spain in 1821, moving its capital to San Jose. The 1830's brought the reign of the coffee industry. By the 1850's coffee caught on in Europe, replacing tea as the favored drink in many countries, bringing European influences and more money into the economy than Costa Rica had ever seen.

43. Struggle Over Oil Exploration In Costa Rica numerous indigenous peoples and other cultural groups whose livelihoods of fishing and ecotourism would be greatly threatened by oil exploration. costa rica http://www.fire.or.cr/julio01/oil_main.html

August, 2001 Costa Rica: From Banana Republic to Oil Republic? Oil exploration would threaten Costa Rica's diverse coastal and marine life, including coral reefs, sea turtles, tropical rainforests, mangroves, wetlands and the local cultures of the Caribbean coast The search for "black gold" in Costa Rica is nothing new, leading to few results in the past. Furthermore, global discussions of the dangers of global warming have made it clear the need to reduce fuel combustion and emissions. Despite these circumstances, the government of Costa Rica has recently given concessions to U.S. oil corporations for oil exploration and possible exploitation. Pressure for new sources of oil from the new U.S. presidential administration whose ties to the oil industry go far back and deep have helped fuel such developments. A banner posted in Talamanca that says: "[Wildlife] Refuge Gandoca-Manzanillo says no to petroleum contamination" But strong resistance from local communities along the Atlantic Coast of Costa Rica who would be directly affected by oil exploitation have forced both the government and oil companies to stop temporarily their concerted efforts to exploit the natural resources of this world renowned tropical paradise. But the present struggle is only the beginning. According to Alicia Casas of OilWatch/Costa Rica, the struggle is not just a local one nor is it close to being over.

44. Indigenous Peoples' Rights & Advocacy Organizations a wide variety of organizations involved with human rights and indigenous peoples. Cultural Sejekto 400 Mts Este Municipalidad de Moravia San Jose costa rica. http://www.aaanet.org/committees/cfhr/orgindig.htm

Academic Relations Ethics Government Relations Public Policy ... Minority Issues E-mail address: Password: Forgot password? Need help? Press Room Members in the News ... Section Assembly Max Rows: Go to AAA Home Note: There is a wide variety of organizations involved with human rights and indigenous peoples. Some of these organizations, along with their addresses, are listed below. African Rights 11 Marshallsea Road London SE1 1EP United Kingdom Alliance for Taiwan Aborigines 5F, 7 Cheng Kuong Road, Sec. 2 Yung-Ho, Taipei, Taiwan Amanaka'a Amazon Network 339 Lafayette St, Se. 8 New York, NY 10012 Amnesty International 322 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10001 Anthropology Resource Center P.O. Box 15266 Washington, DC 20003-0266 Anti-Slavery International 180 Brixton Road London SW9 6AT United Kingdom Arctic to Amazonia Alliance P.O. Box 73

45. GFW | Outreach Trip To Central America | Guatemala & Costa Rica While in costa rica, Global Fund staff conducted its Women, Money and of the country, promotes the rights and identity of indigenous peoples, and provides http://www.globalfundforwomen.org/1work/programs/outreach-central-america.html

About the Global Fund The Team Grantee Profiles Programs Focus: Guatemala and Costa Rica From November 24 to December 7, 2002, Global Fund for Women staff conducted an outreach trip to Central America. The trip included visits to grantees, advisors and potential grantees in Guatemala, and attendance at the 9th Latin American and Caribbean Feminist Encuentro in Costa Rica. While in Costa Rica, Global Fund staff conducted its "Women, Money and Empowerment" fundraising workshop at a meeting organized by grantee Women's Forum for the Rights of People with Disabilities. Program Officer for the Americas Ana María Enríquez noted that "we returned fully inspired by the work of the groups that we have supported over the years, and of the many more we hope that we will be able to support in the future." While in Guatemala, GFW staff came to appreciate the complexity and diversity of the women's movement there. Women's rights organizations, particularly indigenous women, are conducting important work to advance economic justice, promote peace, claim their reproductive rights and stop domestic violence. One group, the Consejo de la Mujer Maya Q'ate Ruwachulew Madre Tierra (Mayan Women Council Mother Earth) in Chimaltenango, a collective of Mayan women who strongly advocate for the implementation of the peace accords and democratization of the country, promotes the rights and identity of indigenous peoples, and provides holistic health programs for women. Similarly, the

46. IPPF Country Profile Ethnic Groups costa ricans (majority) African descendants indigenous peoples. Religions Apartado Postal 102031000 San José 10203-1000 costa rica. Telephone http://ippfnet.ippf.org/pub/IPPF_Regions/IPPF_CountryProfile.asp?ISOCode=CR

47. Costa Rica - Travel Review By Kidzmusic.com kids, and an arboretum. The last exhibit you visit highlights costa rica s indigenous peoples and national parks. It s a good place http://www.kidzmusic.com/travel/costarica/

BACK TO KIDZMUSIC.COM TRAVEL PAGE Kidz Eye View of Costa Rica reviewed April 2001 by Tim Hanson Although the kids won't encounter tyrannosaurs, stegosaurs, raptors or any other attractions virtual visitors to Costa Rica found in Jurassic Park , they are sure to be amazed by the real life creatures that abound there. Four percent of the Earth's species call this peaceful country home, among them giant butterflies, sloths, monkeys, jaguars, iguanas and toucans. And the friendly people of Costa Rica (known as ticos and ticas ) will delight in sharing their country's natural bounty with your family. Dormant volcano in Poas National Park Check into one of San Jose's hotels for an instant dose of local hospitality. Near the airport, the colonial hacienda-style Costa Rica Marriott sprawls luxuriously amid a working coffee plantation, and features spacious rooms, plenty of resort activities and fine dining. Rates from $140. (506) 298-0000 or www.marriotthotels.com Or, if quaint, historical elegance is more your family's style, the popular Hotel Grano De Oro in central San Jose offers family suites for $130. Dinners here are unforgettable.

48. Choike : Indigenous Peoples . Bolivia. indigenous and Tribal peoples Centre (PIT) Information, views, knowledge, recommendations and results for the indigenous peoples. costa rica. http://www.choike.org/nuevo_eng/4/34/links.html

var category = '4'; var subcategory = '34'; Directory NGO sites This site Directory In-depth Reports Campaigns News ... CONTACT Categorias(category); SubCategorias(category,subcategory); Indigenous Peoples recommended Indian Law Resource Center ILRC is dedicated to the protection of indigenous peoples’ human rights, cultures, and traditional lands. The Center provides legal and technical support to indigenous communities working on these issues. Tebtebba Tebtebba Foundation is committed to the recognition, protection and promotion of indigenous peoples' rights worldwide. Kaitiaki - Maori Environmental and Heritage Guardians The site works on behalf of whanau, hapu and iwi, particularly on environment and resource management issues. New Zealand. NGO sites Ak'Tenamit Organization dedicated to reduce poverty in the rain forests of eastern Guatemala. Aldet Centre - Saint Lucia Organization established for the purpose of promoting strategic studies, human rights and democratic development in Saint Lucia (Hiwanaru). Amanaka'a Amazon Network Organization dedicated to support the peoples of the Amazon Rainforest. Brazil.

49. University Of Minnesota Human Rights Library elements, the Committee is preoccupied that the legislation of costa rica does not at the situation with regard to the land rights of indigenous peoples in the http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/country/costarica1999.html

Conclusions and recommendations of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Costa Rica, U.N. Doc. CERD/C/304/Add.71 (1999). COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION Fifty-fourth session CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS SUBMITTED BY STATES PARTIES UNDER ARTICLE 9 OF THE CONVENTION Concluding observations of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination Costa Rica 1. The Committee considered the twelfth to fifteenth periodic reports of Costa Rica (CERD/C/338/Add.4), at its 1321st and 1322nd meetings (CERD/C/SR.1321 and 1322), held on 11 and 12 March 1999, and adopted, at its 1331st meeting (CERD/C/SR.1331), held on 18 March 1999, the following concluding observations. A. Introduction 2. The Committee welcomes the opportunity to resume its dialogue with the State party after a lapse of seven years. The Committee is satisfied with the frank and constructive approach taken by the representatives of the reporting State in their dialogue with the Committee and for the additional information provided orally. B.

50. UNITED NATIONS of costa rica, said that it was difficult to tell how long it would take to implement the programme of the autonomous development of the indigenous peoples if http://www.unhchr.ch/huricane/huricane.nsf/0/23F97AB43DC47A6A80256732005EE630?op

51. The Indigenous Peoples Of The Bahamas The indigenous peoples of the Bahamas. Slavery of Bahamians ~Legends of the people ~Culture and the Bahamas and Florida Keys; Tropical Ecosystems of costa rica http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/fieldcourses04/PapersMarineEcologyArticles/TheIn

The Indigenous Peoples of the Bahamas This topic submitted by Julie York ( yorkja@muohio.edu ) at 2:10 PM on 5/3/04. A beautiful sunrise over Drake Bay near Corcovado in Costa Rica. See other beautiful phenomena from Costa Rica. Tropical Field Courses Interdisciplinary Studies Miami University I plan on discussing the people sof the Bahama. While we will be studying mainly the sea life, I think it's also important to be aware of the terrestrial life and living style as well, because this ultimatley affects what we will be studying. My outline is as follows: ~History of the peoples ~Slavery of Bahamians ~Legends of the people ~Culture and beliefs ~Diet/living style ~Language aquisition and use ~Implications of impact on the natural environment Next Article Return to Topic Menu Here is a list of responses that have been posted to your discussion topic... Important: Press the Browser Reload button to view the latest contribution. If you would like to post a response to this topic, fill out this form completely... Response Title: Author(s): E-Mail: Optional: For Further Info on this Topic, Check out this WWW Site:

52. 2000 Tropical Ecosystems Of Costa Rica Research Paper Menu hydroelectric power, conservation, plate tectonics and volcanism in the Neotropics, indigenous peoples, coral reefs in costa rica, mangrove ecosystems http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/FieldCourses00/PapersCostaRicaMenu.html

2000 Costa Rica Ecology Research Papers An octopus tries to hide on a sunny day at the Grotto, San Salvador, Bahamas. R. Hays Cummins Interdisciplinary Studies Miami University It is 4:06:50 AM on Tuesday, June 8, 2004. This page has served people since 12/15/99. Tropical Ecosystem Field Course Syllabii Interested in the course? Contact Hays Cummins TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS OF COSTA RICA AND PANAMA-2000 Course Syllabus 2000: Tropical Marine Ecology of the Florida Keys, Everglades and the Bahamas Course Syllabus 2000: Tropical Ecosystems of Costa Rica The Ground Rules: Peer Review is a fundamental component of doing science.To help make your discussion projects more scientifically sound, you are being called upon to put forward your topics and ideas as well as provide needed feedback to your fellow students. These are discussion topics related to Tropical Ecosystems of Costa Rica. Please feel free to browse... For students selecting a discussion topic for Tropical Ecosystems of Costa Rica

53. Costa Rica Lecture Topic costa rica represents a prime example of the need to understand the new phenomenon since the beginning of an agrarian society, indigenous peoples have always http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/esi/2001/CostaRica/lecture/habitCRlect.html

Habitat Fragmentation and Degradation In addition to wholesale habitat destruction, many habitats are being negatively affected by fragmentation.Habitat fragmentation not only reduces the area of available habitat but also can isolate populations and increase edge effects. Habitat fragmentation may also make habitats more susceptible to other forms of habitat degradation such as overexploitation of valuable species, the introduction of exotic species, and contamination. Understanding the possible consequences of habitat fragmentation has become of great concern to conservation biologists, since almost all natural habitats have become fragmented at some scale. Costa Rica represents a prime example of the need to understand the consequence of habitat fragmentation since the majority of remaining natural habitat exists in isolated parks and reserves. Are these parks large enough? What type of species are most effected by habitat fragmentation? Can knowledge about the influence of habitat fragmentation be used to improve the conservation of protected areas or mitigate its negative effects? The rate of tropical deforestation exceeds fifteen million hectares annually. Human-induced deforestation is not a new phenomenon: since the beginning of an agrarian society, indigenous peoples have always harvested the forests to raise their crops.

54. Eco-Index: Preparation Of The Regional Map "Indigenous Peoples And Natural Ecosy the Regional Map indigenous peoples and Natural Ecosystems in Central America and Southern Mexico . Countries where project is active Belize; costa rica; El http://www.eco-index.org/search/results.cfm?ProjectID=442

55. The Costa Rica Biodiversity Law In April 1998, the Legislative Assembly of costa rica passed the Ley de sui generis system to protect the intellectual rights of indigenous peoples and local http://users.ox.ac.uk/~wgtrr/crley.htm

The Costa Rica Biodiversity Law: A Brief Summary By Graham Dutfield July 1998 In April 1998, the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica passed the " Ley de Biodiversidad ", or Biodiversity Law. To date this is perhaps the most ambitious and elaborate national law to implement the CBD. Interestingly, many of its provisions are clear attempts to reconcile the country’s CBD obligations with its TRIPS ones, including the initiation of a process to develop a sui generis system to protect the intellectual rights of indigenous peoples and local communities. The Law’s overall objective is to conserve biodiversity, sustainably utilise resources, and distribute fairly the derived benefits and costs (Article 1), but there are 13 objectives in all (see Box for a number of these). Its 107 Articles cover the full range of issues contained in the CBD including: (i) Biosafety; (ii) Conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems and species; (iii) Access to genetic and biochemical elements of biodiversity; (iv) Prior informed consent; (v) Protection of scientific and traditional biodiversity-related knowledge through intellectual property rights and/or sui generis systems; (vi) Education and public awareness; (vii) Technology transfer; (viii) Environmental impact assessment; and (ix) Incentives. Box: Principles and objectives of the Ley de Biodiversidad General principles 1. Respect for all forms of life – all living things have the right to life independent of their actual or potential economic value.

56. Sustainable Resource Project-Villa Palacios, Costa Rica community coordinator of Asociación Representante Indígena Guaymí, Coto Brus, costa rica. been harvested and utilized by many indigenous peoples of Central http://calvin.linfield.edu/~rmills/cedimap_folder/cdia_villa_palacios_project/vi

Description of an Integrated Bio-diversity, Economic Development, and Cultural Preservation Project Updated September 2002 Initiated by Jorge Luis Acevedo , retired University of Costa Rica (UCR) professor of music, former Dean of Fine Art, Director of Aquinas College's Costa Rica Program, co-founder of CDIA ( Ronald Mills , Professor of Art, Linfield College, Senior Fulbright Research Fellow, co-founder of CDIA Sponsored by CEDIA , a research association founded by Acevedo and Mills) Support provided in the form of project development, on-site supervision and the solicitation and coordination of sponsors. Linfield College , McMinnville, Oregon, USA. Support in the form of professional travel funding and faculty development funds for Professor Mills. Aquinas College , Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA. Kris Lou, Director of International Programs. Suport in the form of material assistance, student involvement and administrative support on the part the Aquinas College-Costa Rica Program director, Jorge Acevedo. Rafael Bejarano , community coordinator of Alan Victor Greentree , private contributor Background: For millennia, bark cloth known as

57. Date Sat, 15 May 93 0034 CST From Bimal RajBhandary RBIMAL EM NO Established (1985). Membership mostly indigenous peoples of costa rica, both individuals and groups. Works in the defence http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/academic/biology/ecology evolution/people/costarica.o

58. Indigenous Cultures Of Costa Rica Some information on the indigenous cultures. more than a quater of a million people and no The northern cultures of costa rica (Chorotegas) had great influence http://costarica.tourism.co.cr/indian2.htm

Huetar-Bribri-Cabecar-Guaymi-Chorotega-Boruca-Guatuso-Terraba 1. Guatuso Indian Reserve (Malekus) 2. Matambu Indian Reserve 13. Boruca Indian Reserve 5. Nairi-Awari (Barbilla) 16. Salitre Indian Reserve 17. Cabagra Indian Reserve 7. Bajo Chirripo Indian Reserve 8. Guaymi / Osa Peninsula 19. Telire Indian Reserve 9. Guaymi / Conte Burica 20. Cabecar -Talamanca 10. Guaymi / Coto Brus 21. Bribri Talamanca 11. Guaymi / Abrojos Montezuma 22. Kekuldi Indian Reserves (Cocles) Some information on the indigenous cultures The day Columbus landed on what is today called "Isla Uvita", in front of Puerto Limón, more than a quater of a million people and no less than eight different ethnic groups were living in the area. The northern cultures of Costa Rica (Chorotegas) had great influence from the Aztec and Maya culture, they were the southernmost culture of what is known as Mesoamerica. The Chorotegas spoke the Nahuatl language from the Mayas and Aztecs.

59. Indigenous Cultures Of Costa Rica History of costa rica's indigenous Cultures. mystery of jade in costa rica. Was the raw Chorotega and other indigenous craftsmen across northern costa rica? Some of museums today came from costa rican archeological sites. http://www.tourism.co.cr/indian2.htm

Huetar-Bribri-Cabecar-Guaymi-Chorotega-Boruca-Guatuso-Terraba 1. Guatuso Indian Reserve (Malekus) 2. Matambu Indian Reserve 13. Boruca Indian Reserve 5. Nairi-Awari (Barbilla) 16. Salitre Indian Reserve 17. Cabagra Indian Reserve 7. Bajo Chirripo Indian Reserve 8. Guaymi / Osa Peninsula 19. Telire Indian Reserve 9. Guaymi / Conte Burica 20. Cabecar -Talamanca 10. Guaymi / Coto Brus 21. Bribri Talamanca 11. Guaymi / Abrojos Montezuma 22. Kekuldi Indian Reserves (Cocles) Some information on the indigenous cultures The day Columbus landed on what is today called "Isla Uvita", in front of Puerto Limón, more than a quater of a million people and no less than eight different ethnic groups were living in the area. The northern cultures of Costa Rica (Chorotegas) had great influence from the Aztec and Maya culture, they were the southernmost culture of what is known as Mesoamerica. The Chorotegas spoke the Nahuatl language from the Mayas and Aztecs.

60. Indigenous People In Costa Rica Work To Regain Land The challenge for indigenous people in costa rica is not just regaining control of their land but also sustaining themselves and their environment. http://gbgm-umc.org/news/2001/mar/CostaRica.stm

Indigenous People in Costa Rica Work to Regain Land United Methodist News Service More Information Esther Camac, a Methodist involved in Ixacavaa, a 3-year-old nonprofit indigenous organization, discussed that challenge during a March 8 briefing sponsored by the United Methodist Board of Global Ministries. Like other countries, Costa Rica has laws protecting indigenous people. "We have the laws, but we don't have control of the resources and we don't have control of the territory," Camac said. Ixacavaa is working with indigenous leaders on a plan to manage their territory. Obstacles have included language differences, a lack of access to information and government plans, and a lack of comprehension by the government about the indigenous way of life. An example of those problems occurred two years ago, after the indigenous community lost its crops to a flood. "The government's response was to provide the community with some seeds and technical assistance so they could sow the seeds," Camac explained. But the seeds were genetically modified and required the use of chemical fertilizer, which differed from traditional cultivation practices. "The result was we lost 80 percent of the harvest." To help regain control of their territory, the indigenous people are taking inventory of their resources, such as the total size of the land, amount of forested land, amount of food produced locally and the potential for growing more food. "We're learning that this is land that is very fertile and could provide much," she said.

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