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  1. Conquistador y pestilencia: The first new world pandemic and the fall of the great indian empires by Alfred W Crosby, 1967

61. Mosaic Unit 9: The Conquest Of The New World: A Mid-20th Century View
the greatest potential granary in the new world, was a to the coveted treasures ofnew Castile. sunworshippers excited the admiration of the conquistadors.
http://college.hmco.com/history/west/mosaic/chapter9/source253.html
Unit 9: Exploration The Americas The Conquest of the New World: A mid-20th Century View From H. A. L. Fisher. A History of Europe . vol. 2 (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1936), 532-535. The conquest of Peru, the last and richest of the great colonial prizes which fell to Spain during the reign of Charles V, was not an unmixed blessing. No community has ever been ethically advantaged by participation in a gold rush. The Spaniards of the sixteenth century, who caught the gold and silver fever before philanthropic ideals had been properly organized and brought to bear upon the problems of industry, were no exception to this rule. They quarrelled among themselves and submitted the miserable and helpless natives of the country to a most grinding oppression. Money was mistaken for wealth and the true foundations of economic prosperity were ignored. Demoralized themselves, the treasure-hunters of Peru spread the taint of their merciless avarice through the body politic of Spain.
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62. Central America
conquistadors the Spanish explorers that conquered the indigenous peoplesin the new world. Developing world poor countries throughout the world.
http://www.cet.edu/earthinfo/camerica/CAdef.html

Pick a Region
Central America Adult Literacy Rate: calculation of the percentage of people that are literate. Adult literacy rate, like infant mortality rate, is a measurement of a country's development. This measurement gives an indication of how well a country's wealth is used in taking care of its people. Central American Common Market (CACM): Clear-cutting: the removal of all trees in a given area of forest. This process can be contrasted to more selective logging in which only selected trees are cut down. Clear-cutting can lead to many problems, including soil erosion and loss of animal habitat. Cold War: a struggle between the United States and its allies against the Soviet Union and its allies from 1945 to approximately 1990. Although it did not involve direct fighting between these two sides, Cold War-related violence did break out in other parts of the world. For instance, in Central America, groups receiving aid from the United States fought against those receiving aid from the Soviet Union. Conquistadors: the Spanish explorers that conquered the indigenous peoples in the New World.

63. Explorers - A To Z
from EduScapes DE; Dampier, William (1) new world Voyages of from Letters on theTexas Explorers at Armadillo Cabeza de Vaca, (7) Spanish conquistadors in North
http://www.42explore.com/explorers2.htm
Explorers - A to Z
Here is an indexed listing of biography sites for Explorers - A to Z. This is a companion page for the main Explorers page, one of many projects from EduScapes
A-B

64. Juan
to the mostly Spanish soldiers who explored, conquered, and settled in the new world. tactics,and great bravery made the conquistadors formidable opponents
http://www.nps.gov/cabr/juan.html
Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo led the first European expedition to explore what is now the west coast of the United States. Cabrillo departed from the port of Navidad, Mexico, on June 27, 1542. Three months later he arrived at "a very good enclosed port." That port is known today as San Diego bay. Historians believe he anchored his flagship, the San Salvador, on Point Loma's east shore near Cabrillo National Monument. Cabrillo later died during the expedition, but his crew pushed on, possibly as far north as Oregon, before thrashing winter storms forced them to back to Mexico. More information about Cabrillo and the expedition is presented below. Cabrillo National Monument, established in 1913, commemorates Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo's voyage of discovery. A heroic statue of Cabrillo looks out over the bay that he first sailed into on September 28, 1542. A film, "In Search of Cabrillo," and an exhibit hall present Cabrillo's life and times each day at the Visitor Center. Ranger-led programs about Cabrillo are usually available on weekends and on many weekdays during summer months.
So Who Was Cabrillo?

65. EXPLORERS OF THE WORLD!- Libraryvideo.com
established a pattern of conquest and settlement in the new world, fueled by a Joinour young hosts as they discover the world of the conquistadors who, in
http://www.libraryvideo.com/sm/explorers.asp
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Examine the lives of many significant explorers and the countries they represented on their influential journeys in the Explorers of the World video series. Each dramatization provides an in-depth look at the legendary figures who embarked on tremendous expeditions, utilizing innovative navigational tools and techniques while shaping the development of the world. Follow along as two young hosts encounter these renowned explorers and learn about their exciting discoveries and startling disappointments. Curriculum Correlation Documents Available NEW!

66. The Educational Encyclopedia, General History
Columbus home page. conquistadors learn about the Spanish conquistadors in thenew world. Discovery and early exploration of Newfoundland ca. 1000 1550.
http://users.telenet.be/educypedia/education/historyworldexplorations.htm
Science Animals Biology Botany Bouw ... Resources History Explorations General Imperealisme Maps Pirates ... World history Explorations 1492: an ongoing voyage 400 year Japan-the Netherlands Antarctic Explorers- James Cook Aztec account of the conquest on november 8, 1519, the Spanish conquistadors first entered the great city of Mexico, the metropolis the Aztecs had built on a lake island British Empire, circa 1937 Captain James Cook: the world's explorer Columbus home page Conquistadors learn about the Spanish conquistadors in the new world Discovery and early exploration of Newfoundland ca. 1000 - 1550 Discovery and exploration a tip Discovery, explorations, and the "New World" a tip European voyages of exploration during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries two nations, Portugal and Spain, pioneered the European discovery of sea routes that were the first channels of interaction between all of the world's continents, thus beginning the process of globalisation in which we all live today Exploration of the Northwest passage Explorers hall of fame First European voyages to Mongolia History and Stories of Nebraska ... Incas and conquistadors how did an army of 37 horsemen and 106 foot-soldiers conquer a mighty empire that stretched over 2,500 miles from modern-day Ecuador to Chile?

67. 123Student
to find an easier route to Asia but instead, he discovered the new world. Thus; Spain,France and England began sending out conquistadors and explorers to the
http://www.123student.com/american_history/147.shtml
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68. LookSmart - Directory - History Of The Conquest Of The New World
PBS conquistadors Documentary companion site features profiles of world CivilizationsPresents a list of primary to the Spanish conquest of the new world.
http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317836/us317911/us53828/us527898/us53
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History of the Conquest of the New World - Learn about the European explorers and conquistadores who helped conquer the Americas in the C16th.
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  • Cortes, Hernan - Second Letter to Charles V
    Modern History Sourcebook presents the text of this letter written by Hernan Cortes in which he describes the city of Temixtitlan, the seat of Moctezuma's power.
    Historian - Native Resistance

    Susan Schroeder examines revolutionary resistance and the fragile pax colonial in New Spain. Kevin Terraciano assesses her work.
    History of the Conquest of Mexico

    Read William Hickling Prescott's famous history of the Conquest of Mexico, first published in the 1840s. Find the complete text.
    History of the Conquest of Peru

    Download the Project Gutenberg Edition of William Hickling Prescott's history of the Conquest of Peru, first published in 1847. MSN Encarta - Arawak Profiles the history and culture of this aboriginal community, and hosts related multimedia resources.
  • 69. Colombia Exploration And Conquest
    exploration and Conquest. The group of Spaniards that first came to the new Worldconsisted of conquistadors, administrators, and Roman Catholic clergy.
    http://www.country-studies.com/colombia/exploration-and-conquest.html
    Exploration and Conquest
    The group of Spaniards that first came to the New World consisted of conquistadors, administrators, and Roman Catholic clergy. The adventurous conquistadors were risk-taking entrepreneurs, financing their own expeditions in the expectation of being able to get rich quick. The administrators were appointed by and represented the crown in the colonies and sought to maintain the New World colonies as a source of wealth and prestige for the Spanish Empire. The clergy sought to save the souls of the native Indians, and in the process they acquired land and wealth for the church. The conquistadors, who felt they owed nothing to the crown, often came into conflict with the latter's attempts to centralize and strengthen its authority over the colonies. In what became present-day Colombia, the conquistadors explored and began to settle the coastal areas. The first explorers to round the coast of the Guajira Peninsula and enter Colombian territory were Alonso de Ojeda in 1499 and Rodrigo de Bastidas in 1500. In 1510 Ojeda founded Santa María la Antigua de Darién (present-day Acandí) on the western side of the Golfo de Urabá. Bastidas established Santa Marta in 1525. In 1533 another explorer, Pedro de Heredia, organized Cartagena after pacifying the Indians in the area. These coastal cities served as havens from Indian attacks and as bases for exploratory expeditions into the interior. In addition, Cartagena linked the colonies with the motherland and became a focal point of intercontinental travel.

    70. European Exploration And Settlement
    1. Christopher Columbus set out to prove world was round. gold and power than in findingnew land 4. conquistadors these were the conquerors who overcame whole
    http://www.myfreeessays.com/miscellaneous/009.shtml
    My Free Essays Home Free Essay Links Link to Us Submit Essays My Free Essays Search: Any Terms Exact Phrase
    European Exploration and Settlement
    I. Europeans Look to New Worlds For Many Reasons.
    A. Renaissance- revival of classical art, literature, and learning.
    1. Took place in Europe in 15th and 16th centuries.
    2. Sparked imaginations and made people eager to explore.
    B. Protestant Reformation
    1. Challenged Catholics who in turn persecuted Protestants.
    2. Protestants longed for a place where they could worship as they wanted.
    C. European Nations Begin to Form Stable Governments and Resolve Power Struggles.
    D. Trying to Find a Quicker Route to Asia and Start Up a Rich Trade.
    E. New Developments in Travel.
    1. Caravel- more maneuverable and quicker ship, moved with and against wind. 2. Navigation- charting of a course at sea. 3. Instruments- Astrolabe, the quadrant, and the cross- staff. II. Spain Leads The Way A. Spain was the leading nation in the Age of Discovery due to its search for wealth.

    71. EN37120 - AM DREAMS/NEW WORLD NIGHTMARES:LIT OF THE AMERICAS
    We study conquistadors accounts of the conquest of America about human rights becauseof new world atrocities. to look at the uses English explorers made of
    http://www.aber.ac.uk/modules/future/EN37120.html
    Module Identifier Module Title AM DREAMS/NEW WORLD NIGHTMARES:LIT OF THE AMERICAS Academic Year Co-ordinator Dr Claire E Jowitt Semester Intended for use in future years Next year offered N/A Next semester offered N/A Course delivery Seminars / Tutorials 20 Hours Seminar. (10 x 2 hour seminar workshops) Assessment Assessment Type Assessment Length/Details Proportion Semester Assessment Essay: 2 x 2,500 word continuously assessed essays
    Learning outcomes
    On completion of this module students should typically be able to:
    1. demonstrate a broad awareness of the range and variety of literary representations of the New World in the early modern period;
    2. assess the relationship between fictional representations of the New World and the historical conditions of its conquest, exploration and settlement;
    3. articulate this knowledge and understanding in the form of a reasoned critical analysis of particular texts;
    4. explain and engage with relevant aspects of recent critical and/or theoretical debates about the texts studied.
    Aims
    This module aims:
    1. to introduce students to some of the earliest writing about America;

    72. EN37120 - AM DREAMS/NEW WORLD NIGHTMARES:LIT OF THE AMERICAS
    We study conquistadors accounts of the conquest of America debate about human rightsbecause of new world atrocities look at the uses English explorers made of
    http://www.aber.ac.uk/modules/2004/EN37120.html
    Module Identifier Module Title AM DREAMS/NEW WORLD NIGHTMARES:LIT OF THE AMERICAS Academic Year Co-ordinator Dr Claire E Jowitt Semester Semester 2 Course delivery Seminars / Tutorials 20 Hours Seminar. (10 x 2 hour seminar workshops) Assessment Assessment Type Assessment Length/Details Proportion Semester Assessment Essay: 2 x 2,500 word continuously assessed essays
    Learning outcomes
    On completion of this module students should typically be able to:
    - demonstrate a broad awareness of the range and variety of literary representations of the New World in the early modern period
    - assess the relationship between fictional representations of the New World and the historical conditions of its conquest, exploration and settlement
    - articulate this knowledge and understanding in the form of a reasoned critical analysis of particular texts
    - explain and engage with relevant aspects of recent critical and/or theoretical debates about the texts studied
    Brief description
    This module introduces students to the kinds of descriptions of the New World in circulation in the first two hundred years after 'discovery'. From Columbus' first footfall in 1492 (when he believed he had merely discovered a new route to the Old World) until the mid-seventeenth century (when European trade with and settlements in the New World were well-established), we explore the varied and contradictory representations of the land that came to be called 'America'.
    We study conquistadors' accounts of the conquest of America where, for example, the land is represented as a virgin to be penetrated and the indigenous inhabitants are described as animals or slaves to be put to work or killed. We look at the ways American dreams turned to nightmares by focusing on the European debate about human rights because of New World atrocities. We then turn to look at the uses English explorers made of the so-called 'Black Legend' concerning Spanish treatment of indigenous Americans in order to further their own territorial ambitions. We look at the ways English colonists, like the Spanish before them, represented their relationship with 'America' sexually as they searched for the gold of the fabled Eldorado. We also explore other fantasies that English writers used to represent America. A central concern of this module is the relationship between 'real' and 'imagined' versions of American life in this period.

    73. [Regents Prep Global History] Movement Of People & Goods: Exploration
    Some conquistadors were motivated by the search gold and glory The Age of Explorationchanged the world. Access to new and better foods allowed the European
    http://regentsprep.org/Regents/global/themes/movement/exp.cfm

    Regents Prep
    Global History Movement
    Exploration Background
    The resurgence of trade following the Middle Ages in Europe resulted in a demand for goods from Asia. Trade routes were established across the Mediterranean and through the Middle East to handle this need. But, when the expansion of the Ottoman Empire caused disruption along these routes, Europeans were forced to seek alternative ways of importing these goods. This led to the exploration of water routes to Asia, and eventually the discovery of the Americas by the Europeans. Reconquista
    In Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile married and joined two of the most powerful kingdoms in Spain . In , they conquered Grenada , the last Muslim stronghold and united Spain under their rule. This is known as the Reconquista . After achieving this victory, Isabella launched a

    74. Pathfinder
    The conquistadors. Describes the discoveries and explorations of the new world bysix Spanish 921 various Look for books about your explorer by his last name
    http://www.beavton.k12.or.us/errol_hassell/special/ehslexplore5path.html
    Explorers of the New World Errol Hassell Library Media Center
    A Pathfinder for 5th Grade
    For your 5th grade research report on Explorers of the New World you will need to: 1) choose an early (prior to 1750) explorer, 2) locate information on him in books, magazines and online; 3) take notes from your reading; and 4) write a report on your explorer that includes a bibliography. Follow the links in this Pathfinder to help you find information in your school library media center, on the Internet, and in the community. Need Bibliography help? Print Resources-Books and Magazines There are many excellent books about Explorers of the New World A few of the books are listed below. To locate more books, search the shelves using the Dewey Numbers listed below. You can find more books by using the keywords to search the online library catalog.
    NONFICTION BOOKS 910 JOH - Johnstone, Michael. The history news : explorers.
    Uses a newspaper format to present the adventures and accomplishments of such explorers as Columbus, Cortes, and Cook. 910 ROS - Ross, Stewart.

    75. History Of The Americas - On TV Assignment Discovery - DiscoverySchool.com
    conquistadors Inca Rebellion Disease and civil war weakened the Explore the mysteriousInca ruins of Machu diplomat extraordinaire in the new world — or was
    http://school.discovery.com/ontv/themes/s2003_historyamericas.html
    For our newsletter and special teacher promotions. Assignment Discovery airs on the Discovery Channel at 9-10 a.m. ET/PT; 8-9 a.m. CT; 10-11 a.m. MT.
    Each theme week is broadcast four times a season.
    Airs:
    Conquistadors: Francisco Pizarro
    Learn how Francisco Pizarro's dream of finding an "El Dorado" led him and his conquistadors high into the Andes mountain range. Pizarro, an illiterate Spanish soldier, would orchestrate the fall of the great Inca Empire and colonize cities in Peru. The results of his brutal conquest resonate throughout South America today.
    Airs:
    Conquistadors: Inca Rebellion
    Disease and civil war weakened the Inca Empire before Francisco Pizarro and his men came to conquer. Conditions under Spanish rule were brutal, but the Inca staged one last rebellion to recapture their pride and ancestral lands.
    Airs: Amazing Destinations: Peru and Brazil
    From remote jungle ruins to bustling cities, South America has it all. Explore the mysterious Inca ruins of Machu Picchu, hidden deep in the Andes in Peru, and see why Brazil is a cultural crossroads and a natural paradise.

    76. Discussion Questions - Conquistadors: Hernán Cortes - DiscoverySchool.com
    Think about why Spain sent explorers to the new world. As you watch the program,pay attention to how these explorers became known as conquistadors.
    http://school.discovery.com/lessonplans/programs/cortes/discuss.html

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    For our newsletter and special teacher promotions. The following questions appear onscreen in the video. Feel free to integrate them into your lesson plan as needed.
    Part I
    Questions to consider before watching the video:
    • The first Europeans who came to America were called explorers. Think about why Spain sent explorers to the New World.
    • As you watch the program, pay attention to how these explorers became known as conquistadors. What did it mean to be a conquistador?
    Questions to consider after watching the video:
    • The Aztecs were loathed and feared by the Totonaca and Tlascalans. In what ways did the Aztecs alienate their neighbors?
    Suggested activity
    Part II

    Questions to consider before watching the video:
    • As you watch the program, think about the dangers that sailors faced while traveling to the New World in the sixteenth century. What perils would they have faced on sea and land?
    Questions to consider after watching the video:
    • Moctezuma II decided to send gifts to the Spanish after learning of their alliance with neighboring peoples. What did he hope to accomplish by sending gifts?

    77. Human Nature, Technology & The Environment
    to which the people of the new world possessed no of the most glorified conquestsin world history, at 1520, only one year after the conquistadors first landed
    http://fubini.swarthmore.edu/~ENVS2/jordan/jordandisease.htm
    European Disease in the New World
    Jordan Shakeshaft
    When the explorers first stepped foot onto their ships to embark on journeys to new and far away lands, their numerous diseases traveled with them. The consequences of their health for the "discovered" people were probably not taken into consideration. Their rationale focused largely on the speculation of how much they could get of whatever they found, in return for their progressive technologies and religious beliefs. Any other impact was irrelevant. They could easily have believed that in the end, everyone would win. Yet regardless of the exact nature of the intentions of the Europeans, the reality is that multiple contagious diseases were transmitted from European explorers to New World populations. Already devastating diseases became even worse during life at sea. Due to unsanitary conditions and rotten food, the spread of disease among passengers accelerated, (http://ndhrcanada.visions.ab.ca/disease.htm). Upon their arrival to the new land, the Europeans were infested with cholera, typhus, smallpox, measles, typhoid, diphtheria, plague, influenza, tuberculosis, venereal disease, and scarlet fever, all diseases to which the people of the New World possessed no immunity. The forced contact between the two peoples made the transmission of these contagious diseases unavoidable. The results were quick and disastrous. Historians have estimated that in Canada, "within a 200- year period, First Nations populations were reduced by as much as 95 percent," (http://ndhrcanada.visions.ab.ca/disease.htm) as a result of European-originated disease.

    78. Conquistadors
    2 One historian who wrote about the Spanish explorers in the new world used thesewords to describe the conquistadors; bravery, cruelty, endurance, greed, and
    http://www.edhelper.com/ReadingComprehension_31_4.html
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    Conquistadors
    By Sharon Fabian Conquistadors Conquerors Soldiers from Spain, one of the world superpowers of the 1500s, who explored, conquered, and settled in the New World. They came looking for gold, silver, land, and glory. Their equipment included cannons aboard their ships, iron weapons including crossbows, swords, and spears, and iron armor.
    Aztecs and Incas Native Americans who had developed and maintained civilizations in America for hundreds of years. At the time of the conquistadors' invasion, the Aztec and Inca armies had been weakened by civil wars. Their equipment included bronze and copper shields, stone knives, and cloth armor.
    Smallpox and measles Deadly diseases unknown in America before the arrival of the Europeans. Smallpox and measles arrived with the invaders, and may have done more to determine who would rule America that than all of the weapons combined.

    79. New Page 1
    Europeans discovered this new world by accident while they were trying to finda shorter route to the Indies. Thanks to those great explorers we have lots
    http://www.columbia.k12.mo.us/pke/helmka/exploration/exploration.htm
    Explore an Explorer! Since the beginning of time people have explored. Explorers wanted to know more about the land around them. Thousands of years ago, the Native Americans came from Asia across the land bridge to a new world. They spent centuries exploring this new land and building new civilizations and empires. In the late 1400s, Europeans "discovered" this "New World" by accident while they were trying to find a shorter route to the Indies. Thanks to those great explorers we have lots of information on maps today! There were many different explorers that came from many different lands. No one went exploring just to keep busy. There were many different reasons why those brave explorers took off into the unknown. You and your partner will get the chance to read about several explorers, then you will choose one that you and your partner are interested in learning more about. It will be your job to find out why your explorer set sail, where they went, and what they found along the way. You will research one explorer and do a character representation on your explorer to teach the rest of the class what you have learned. You may also complete a power point for extra points. You will be the expert for your explorer and how they affected the rest of the world. Which Explorer will you choose? Fill in the "

    80. Lionheart Chronicles | "et In Arcadia Ego..."
    to tame these savage new lands, King Phillip funded several conquistadors to exploreand claim Cortés was given a fleet of ships to conquer the new world.
    http://www.rpgplanet.com/lionheart/history-expeditions.shtml
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    Introduction FAQ Features Requirements ... e3 Press Release Guides Magic Basics Magic Advanced Races ... Combat Media Portraits Screenshots Community Forums IRC Chat Links Site Staff features :: history :: expeditions to the new world Historical Timeline Chronicles The Third Crusade - Led by King Richard the Lionheart The Fourth Crusade against the Storm Dragons The Fifth Crusade - Rise of the Necromancers Invasion of the Golden Horde ... The Crusade against the Fell Spirits 1492 - Expeditions to the New World s the crusaders waged war against darkness, the kings of the west sought to rebuild civilization. Others, ambitious rulers, even sought to expand their influence across the world. In the 15th century , Spain sent out navigators to explore the seas and search for new trade routes. One such explorer, Christopher Columbus, set sail in

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