81. Ancient China Daily Life It really took hold during T ang times. confucianism was very strong, and so was Taoism. confucianism. Confucius was born around 551 BCE in Chou times. http://members.aol.com/Donnclass/Chinalife.html

Daily Life in Ancient China Learn about Taoism with Winnie-the-Pooh! Explore daily life in 4 different Chinese dynasties. Meet weird emperors like Hu the Tiger! Read things written in BCE times ! For those in a hurry, just click on the Cheat Sheet , for a very quick look at 11,000 years of ancient Chinese history! Welcome to ancient China! Who's Who in Ancient China Introduction Cheat Sheet Xia(Hsia) Han ... Dragon Lore Additional Support Honorable Links Other Ancient Cultures Lots of Lessons ANCIENT CHINA We're published! Please take a look at the Mr Donn and Maxie Series of Educational Materials for Social Studies Teachers! Each unit includes complete lesson plans and creative activities to keep your students busy and productive for weeks. Have a great year! Welcome to Ancient China! The ancient Chinese invented paper, gunpowder, matches, the compass, a seismograph to measure earthquakes, the umbrella, and more! They created incredible philosophies, gorgeous art, and great legends. Even their money was neat. Coins had a hole in their center. There were not any banks, so people stored and kept their coins by running a string through the center. A thousand coins strung together was called a string of money . Ancient China is a fascinating mix of extreme extravagance and extreme poverty.

82. Confucianism confucianism. History. K ung Fu Tzu (commonly pronounced Confucius Schools of confucianism. There are six schools Han confucianism, Neo http://www.chaplaincare.navy.mil/Confucianism.htm

Confucianism History K'ung Fu Tzu (commonly pronounced Confucius in English) was born in 551 BCE in the state of Lu (modern day Shantung Province). He lived during the Chou dynasty, and era known for its moral laxity. Later in life, he wandered through many states of China, giving advice to their rulers. He accumulated a small band of students during this time. The last years of his life were spent back in Lu, where he devoted himself to teaching. His writings deal primarily with individual morality and ethics, and the proper exercise of political power by the rulers. In China, and some other areas in Asia, the social ethics and moral teachings of Confucius are blended with the Taoist communion with nature and Buddhist concepts of the afterlife, to form a set of complementary, peacefully co-existent and ecumenical religions. There are approximately 6 million Confucians in the world. About 26,000 live in North America; almost all of the remainder are found throughout China and the rest of Asia. Beliefs: Confucian ethical teachings include the following values: Li : includes ritual, propriety, etiquette, etc.

83. Confucianism http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ews430/confu1.html

84. Confucianism http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/confucian1.html

85. Confucianism Beliefs And Confucius: Chinese Beliefs A general information about the ancient Chinese confucianism and Confucius himself. China Travel Service, confucianism. Last updated April 14, 2004. http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/religion/confucianism/

Home City Guide China Tours China Hotels ... Search Confucianism Last updated: June 2, 2004 Home China Discovery Religions and Beliefs Confucianism was founded by Confucius in the Spring and Autumn period (770 B.C. - 476 B.C.), and further developed by Mencius, thus called The Way of Confucius and Mencius. In the Han dynasty, Confucianism was adopted and other schools suppressed by the Han rulers to consolidate their reign. Then Confucianism flourished and became dominant in the Chinese history and culture for almost 2 millenniums. Later it even spread to Korea and Japan and has been influential in the two cultures. Confucius and his Confucianism had so great an impact on the Chinese civilization that you can't imagine how Chinese culture and history will be otherwise. In the whole 2,000 years, Confucianism has influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, set the patterns of living and standards of social value, established standards for training government officials, and provided the background for Chinese political theories and institutions. Who is Confucius?

86. Confucianism: A Brief Introduction Families of Religions confucianism No deity. Links confucianism primer Basic information and links to a variety of sources that include texts and descriptions. http://www.interfaithcalendar.org/Confucianism.htm

Families of Religions Confucianism No deity One Deity Multiple Deities No Deity Combinations Confucianism,one of the three major religion traditions in China, is based on the teachings of K'ung-fu-tzu (552-479 bce), known in the west as Confucius. This secular "religion" focuses on the conduct and practices of people in daily life - the creation of a society based on virtue. Primary relationships are between parents and children, especially fathers and sons. Cardinal virtues include Benevolence, Duty, Manners, Wisdom, and Faithfulness. Centered in China, the coexisting ideas and practices of Confucianism and Taoism influence Asia and to a lesser degree, other world cultures. Links: Confucianism primer Basic information and links to a variety of sources that include texts and descriptions Update Return to Families of Religions Home Page

87. TeenOutReach.com Pesonal Beliefs Confucianism TeenOutReach.com, Location Bar Home Personal Beliefs confucianism, Search About.com. Teen Advice Site. What is confucianism? http://www.teenoutreach.com/beliefs/confucianism/

88. Confucianism Ecards,Confucianism Greetings,e-cards,ecards,cards,card,egreetings, Click Here. Logo, confucianism, a major system of thought in China, developed from the teachings of Confucius and his disciples. Reach http://cards.123greetings.com/cgi-bin/newcards/showthumbs.pl?q1=rsp_confucianism

89. Glossary For Confucianism And Taoism Official Glossary of confucianism and Taoism. for. These are the central relationships, according to confucianism, of which one must always be aware. http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/relstds/c&tglent.htm

Official Glossary of Confucianism and Taoism for Introduction to Religion A B C D ... Z A Age , or Respect for Age The Confucist idea that a person should respect their elders. The older one is, the more respect one deserves. This is because, it is thought, as a person grows older they embody the quality of Chun Tzu more fully. This is an important part of the Five Constant Relationships Analects The collection of Confucius' sayings. Ancestor Worship In ancient China, the idea that after death, a person became deified. This enabled them to watch over their living descendants and to intercede for them with more powerful divine beings. The living worshiped them, usually at a household shrine, to show their respect for them. Augury Another term for divination B C Ch'i The idea of the vital energy of the Tao which a person can not only use but also enhance and increase. This can be done in several ways, including the eating of particular substances, dance and other types of movement, and meditation (see Taoist Hygiene and Yoga Chun Tzu The Confucian ideal of a perfected human being. This is a person who is mature, magnanimous, respectful and helpful towards others. He or she is poised, always in control of him or herself.

90. [Regents Prep Global History] World Belief Systems: Confucianism He believed that the only cure was to stress a sense of social order and mutual respect, a philosophy that later became known as confucianism. http://regentsprep.org/Regents/global/themes/beliefsystems/confucianism.cfm

Regents Prep Global History World Belief Systems Confucianism Background Confucius lived in China during the Chou Dynasty, when there was mass disorder and confusion and degrading moral standards. Confucius was appalled by what appeared to be the fracturing of Chinese society. He believed that the only cure was to stress a sense of social order and mutual respect, a philosophy that later became known as Confucianism. The Basics Founder -Kong Fu Zi, which was translated as Confucius by Europeans. His teachings were later refined and spread by Mencius Geographic Origin -Developed in China around 500 BCE.. Currently Practiced -Elements of this philosophy are still practiced in Southeast Asia. Significant Writings The Analects Teachings and Beliefs Confucianism teaches that there is a natural social order to society which can best be explained through the Five Relationships Ruler to ruled. Father to son.

91. Confucianism In Korea confucianism in Korea. Through his efforts, Neoconfucianism was established as the ideology of the newly formed Choson Dynasty. http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/korea/rel/confucianism.htm

Home About Us Search Back to Religion/Philosophy in Korea Confucianism in Korea Although Confucianism was introduced to Korea before Buddhism, its ideological flowering occurred later through the introduction of Neo-Confucianism during the late-Koryo and early-Choson periods. For this reason, we will look at five Confucian thinkers from the Choson period. Chong To-jon (1342-1398), styled Sambong, was a thinker who played a central role in overthrowing the Koryo Dynasty and establishing the new Choson Dynasty on the basis of Neo-Confucianism. In his teachings, he elucidated Confucian orthodoxy, claiming that Buddhism and Taoism stood outside of the Confucianism orthodoxy and were thereby heterodox. According to Chong, li (principle) was the basic concept of Confucianism, ki (material force) the basic concept of Taoism and mind, that of Buddhism. Since ki and mind only operated based on li , they could not be used as a basis for philosophy. Chong thus claimed that Taoism and Buddhism were one-sided and incomplete heterodoxies which should be abolished and replaced with orthodox Confucianism. In works such as Choson kyonggukchon , Chong advocated a reordering of society to accord with the times. As a reformer, he advocated social change based on enlightened government and Confucian orthodoxy. Through his efforts, Neo-Confucianism was established as the ideology of the newly formed Choson Dynasty.

92. Pluralism Project - Confucianism Bibliography confucianism Bibliography. Chan, Wingtsit, trans. and comp. A Ching, Julia. confucianism and Christianity A Comparative Study. New http://www.pluralism.org/resources/biblio/confucianism.php

Confucianism Bibliography Chan, Wing-tsit, trans. and comp. A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy. Princeton, 1963. Chen, Jack. The Chinese of America. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1980. Ching, Julia. Confucianism and Christianity: A Comparative Study. New York: Kodansha International, 1977. Chu, Doris C.J. Chinese in Massachusetts: Their Experiences and Contributions. Boston: Chinese Culture Institute, 1987. Creel, H. G. Confucius and the Chinese Way. New York, 1960. Fingarette, Herbert. Confucius: The Secular as Sacred. New York: Harper and Row, 1972. Hsu, Francis L.K. The Challenge of the American Dream: The Chinese in the United States. Belmont: Wadsworth Press, 1971. Levenson, Joseph R. Confucian China and Its Modern Fate: A Trilogy. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968. Liu, Kwang Ching. Americans and Chinese: A Historical Essay and Bibliography. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1963. Liu, Wu-chi. A Short History of Confucian Philosophy. Harmondsworth, 1955. Tu Wei-ming, "Confucianism" in Arvind Sharma, ed. Our Religions.

93. Confucianism ANCIENT LANDMARKS IX confucianism. The rich are the individuals; so are the poor. Bad and good are the individuals and confucianism starts with the individual. http://www.wisdomworld.org/additional/ancientlandmarks/Confucianism.html

THEOSOPHY, Vol. 14, No. 9, July, 1926 (Pages 395-399; Size: 16K) (Number 9 of a 59-part series) ANCIENT LANDMARKS IX C ONFUCIANISM CONFUCIANISM is an inner attitude, a method, copied from great nature, whereby man should contact and control his outer environment. There is a moral order of the universe "how active it is everywhere! Invisible to the eyes and impalpable to the senses, it is inherent in all things, and nothing can escape its operation." Therefore it abides in man also. He cannot escape it for one instant; "a law from which we may escape is not the moral law." The moral order of the macrocosm has to be enquired into; with veneration it should be studied; man must find out how he is the exact copy of that macrocosm and how the same moral order governs both. Ethics more than metaphysics, moral worth more than intellectual acquisition, are the means recommended. The life of the moral man is an exemplification of the universal moral order.... The life of the vulgar person is a contradiction of that order.... To find the central clue to our moral being which unites us to the universal order, that indeed is the highest human attainment.... The wise mistake moral law for something higher than what it really is; and the foolish do not know enough what moral law really is.... The noble natures want to live too high, high above their moral ordinary self; and the ignoble do not live up to their moral ordinary self. There is no one who does not eat and drink. But few there are who really know the taste of what they eat and drink.

94. Religious Studies Web Guide confucianism. Classical Chinese Philosophy Page; Five Confucian and Taoist Classics; confucianism and Taoism Digital Text Resources; http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~lipton/confuc2.html

Confucianism Asia Resources - contains links to sites, full text of significant historical documents, links to journals and lists of educational films. Classical Chinese Philosophy Page Five Confucian and Taoist Classics Confucianism and Taoism Digital Text Resources Internet East Asian History Sourceb ook ... RETURN TO HOME PAGE Maintained by Saundra Lipton ( lipton@acs.ucalgary.ca

95. Confucianism confucianism. Named for iu). Literally speaking, it is difficult to classify confucianism as either religion or philosophy. Rather http://www.interfaithcenter.org/confucianism.shtml

confucianism Named for at 6th century B.C. Chinese teacher and thinker, K'ung Fu-tzu, whose Latinized name is Confucius, Confucianism is one of the three religions that form the traditional heritage of China (together with Taoism and Buddhism). The Confucian canon rests of a collection of "classic" writings including The Book of Changes I Ching ); the Book of Odes Shih Ching ); the Book of History Shu Ching ) the Book of Rites Li Chi ), the Book of Music Yueh Ching ) and the Spring and Autumn Annals Ch'un-ch'iu Some six million people call themselves Confucianists today, and they are nearly all found in China. confucian news resources Confucius, K'ung-fu-tzu The Geography of Confucianism Pre-Confucian China The Interfaith Center of New York

96. Confucianism confucianism confucianism, major system of thought in China, developed from the teachings of Confucius and his disciples, and concerned with the principles of http://www.godserver.com/confucianism.shtml

Home World Religions Forum Search over 80, 000 alternative health and spiritual web sites Any Term All Terms Guide To Confucianism Top Sites Chinese and Japanese Religions "Information on Chinese and Japanese religions on the Internet is relatively scarce. There is a fair amount of information on Buddhism, which includes material on Buddhism as it relates to China and Japan. Links to resources on Buddhism can be found on the Buddhism Resources page of this subject guide. Information on other Chinese and Japanese religions and philosophies is to a large extent limited to some of the central texts of these religions." http://fn2.freenet.edmonton.ab.ca/~cstier/religion/chinjap.htm Confucianism "Confucianism, major system of thought in China, developed from the teachings of Confucius and his disciples, and concerned with the principles of good conduct, practical wisdom, and proper social relationships. Confucianism has influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, set the patterns of living and standards of social value, and provided the background for Chinese political theories and institutions. It has spread from China to Korea, Japan, and Vietnam and has aroused interest among Western scholars." http://www.connect.net/ron/confucianism.html

97. Asia Times - Rule Of Law Vs Confucianism China. THE ABDUCTION OF MODERNITY Part 3 Rule of law vs confucianism By Henry CK Liu Part 1 The race toward barbarism; Part 2 That http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/EG24Ad01.html

Search Asia Times Advanced Search China THE ABDUCTION OF MODERNITY Part 3: Rule of law vs Confucianism By Henry C K Liu Part 1: The race toward barbarism Part 2: That old time religion The rule of law has been touted frequently by Western scholars as a central aspect of modernity. According to that measure of periodization, since the rule of law was the basis of the first unification of China in the 2nd century BC, modernity occurred 23 centuries ago in China. Researchers have pointed out that at the end of the 17th century, while the Chinese empire often appeared in English literature as a metaphor for "tyranny", such as in the works of Daniel Defoe, best known for his 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe

98. IDS 3313 III. confucianism confucianism places much emphasis on the idea of the superior man the individual who has trained himself to do what is socially demanded. http://www.usao.edu/~usao-ids3313/ids/html/confucianism.html

I II. CONFUCIANISM Confucianism is not as much a religion in the traditional sense than a set of rules for proper human interaction, a system of social ethics concerned with the formal, external aspects of life. According to Confucius, human beings are essentially social creatures and innately capable of goodness. It is the task of man to discover his own natural capacities, bring his will into harmony with Heaven's decrees, and help create a well ordered, stable society. Confucianism places much emphasis on the idea of the "superior man"the individual who has trained himself to do what is socially demanded. Despite its apparent lack of some of the characteristics of a "religion," it is a way of life grounded in faith in "Heaven" which does seem another name for divinity. Founder: Confucius (K'ung-fu-tzu, literally Master K'ung, 551 BCE - 479 BCE), for a while a minor governmental official who spent his later years as an itinerant teacher gathering disciples, and his final five years in semi-retirement in his native country of Lu. Confucius did not write his philosophy down but may have edited some of the classics which he used as texts. He apparently made an enormous impact on his disciples, however, who compiled the Analects, which records his sayings after his death. Because the collection was not written as a systematic philosophy, it contains contradictions and ambiguities. The Analects became the basis of the Chinese society and shaped the world view of most Chinese intellectuals throughout history.

99. Luxun And Confucianism In 136 BC, during the Han dynasty of emperors, confucianism was proclaimed the state doctrine not so much a religion as a secular cult whose rules prescribed http://www-unix.oit.umass.edu/~clit121/luxconfu.html

Lu Xun (Loo Shin/Sheen), 1881-1936 Lu Xun is the most revered writer of modern China: not only because of his genius, but because he was an important social critic and the first modern Chinese writer to write fiction in the vernacular (everyday language). Lu Xun lived between two eras: the old Confucian order, where the government was run by a privileged caste of noblemen and scholars, and the intellectual and political ferment leading to the modern state that is the People's Republic of China. Known as a realist writer for his character psychology and pictures of everyday life, he also employs a great deal of symbolism to suggest added levels of meaning. You can read "A Madman's Diary" as an interesting study in paranoia. However, you will get more out of it if you recognize the level of social/historical critique doubling the story of madness. This critique is directed at an extremely rigid and exploitative social order that Lu Xun sees as cannibalistic (hence the Madman's fear of being eaten); it is an almost-feudal system that justifies its existence by claiming to embody Confucian philosophy. In "A Madman's Diary," the threat of family cannibalism is also an image of state or social cannibalism, and "saving the children" at the end means saving future generations from a predatory social system. In "A Madman's Diary," therefore, the threat of family cannibalism is also an image of state or social cannibalism, and the question of "saving the children" at the end has dual significance. Otherwise, simply keep your eyes open for images of the Madman-diarist's growing paranoia, and you will enjoy reading one of the most famous stories of modern Chinese literatureand the first modern story to be written (1918) in the vernacular for everyone to read.

100. Korean History:: A Bibliography :::::: [RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY - Confucianism] Religion and Philosophy confucianism. Abe, Yoshio. Development of Neoconfucianism in Japan, Korea, and China. Acta Asiatica 19 (1970) 16-39. http://www.hawaii.edu/korea/bibliography/religion_philosophy-confucianism.htm

Korean History: A Bibliography Compiled by Kenneth Robinson Maintained by The Center for Korean Studies, University of Hawai`i CKS HOME Korean History: A Bibliography Religion and Philosophy: Confucianism Abe, Yoshio. "Development of Neo-Confucianism in Japan, Korea, and China." Acta Asiatica An, Pyong-ju. "Yi I (Yulgok) and His Thought." In The Korean National Commission for UNESCO, ed. Main Currents of Korean Thought . Seoul: The Si-sa-yong-o-sa Publishers, Inc., 1983/Arch Cape, OR: Pace International Research, 1983. Bae, Jong-ho. "The 'Four-Seven' Controversy in Korean Confucianism." In Korean Thought . Seoul: The Si-sa-yong-o-sa Publishers, Inc., 1982. Bae, Jong-ho. "The Philosophical Ideas of Yulgok."

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