41. Concurrency In Ada By Alan Burns, Andy Wellings; Cambridge University Press, 1998, ISBN 052162911X. A main Ada trait is facilities for concurrent programming; thorough, selfcontained book, good for beginners to experts. Cambridge University Press http://books.cambridge.org/052162911X.htm

Home > Concurrency in Ada Concurrency in Ada 2nd Edition Alan Burns, Andy Wellings, Foreword by John Barns Published February 1998 442 pages 25 line diagrams For price and ordering options, inspection copy requests, and reading lists please select: UK North America Reviews ‘Everyone should read this excellent book, and every real-time Ada developer should own it  I highly recommend it.’ Computing Reviews Quick search Advanced search More Printer friendly version Email a colleague Cambridge University Press 2004. Contacts

42. Java Theory And Practice: Safe Construction Techniques concurrent programming in Java applications is more complicated than it looks there are several subtle (and not so subtle) ways to create data races and other concurrency hazards in Java programs. In this installment of Java theory and practice, Brian Goetz looks at a common threading hazard allowing the this reference to escape during construction. This harmlesslooking practice can cause unpredictable and undesirable results in your Java programs. http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/library/j-jtp0618.html

var title = "Java theory and practice: Safe construction techniques"; var contentAreaList = "java"; var emailAbstract = "Concurrent programming in Java applications is more complicated than it looks: there are several subtle (and not so subtle) ways to create data races and other concurrency hazards in Java programs. In this installment of Java theory and practice, Brian Goetz looks at a common threading hazard: allowing the this reference to escape during construction. This harmless-looking practice can cause unpredictable and undesirable results in your Java programs."; var demoURL = ""; Search for: within All of dW eServer Lotus Rational Tivoli WebSphere Autonomic computing Grid computing Java technology Linux Open source Web arch. Web services Wireless XML dW forums dW Subscription alphaWorks All of IBM Search help IBM home My account developerWorks ... Java technology Java theory and practice: Safe construction techniques Contents: Safe construction techniques Don't publish the "this" reference during construction Don't implicitly expose the "this" reference Don't start threads from within constructors ... Rate this article Related content: Double-checked locking and the Singleton pattern Writing multithreaded Java applications Java theory and practice series Subscriptions: dW newsletters dW Subscription (CDs and downloads) Don't let the "this" reference escape during construction Level: Intermediate Brian Goetz brian@quiotix.com

43. UQC011H2-Concurrent Programming UQC011H2 concurrent programming. Contents. Introduction. Problems. Semaphores. Monitors. Communication. Termination. Testing. Resources. Implementation. http://www.cs.bath.ac.uk/~amb/UQC011H2/concprog.html

Concurrent Programming Contents Introduction Problems Semaphores Monitors ... Implementation A Connection Machine (CM-5) Learning Resources Practical Worksheets Past Exam Papers Bulletin Board for "24 hour" Tutorial Support Zipped Up WWW Notes Author : Alwyn Barry

44. Concepts Of Concurrent Programming Concepts of concurrent programming. Curriculum Module. A concurrent program is one defining actions that may be performed simultaneously. http://www.sei.cmu.edu/publications/documents/cms/cm.024.html

Welcome Search SEI Reports Lists of SEI Reports Recent Reports Annual Report Books news@sei Featured Articles Publications File Formats Paper Copies of SEI Reports FAQ Concepts of Concurrent Programming Curriculum Module Bustard, D. (University of Ulster) A concurrent program is one defining actions that may be performed simultaneously. This module discusses the nature of such programs and provides an overview of the means by which they may be constructed and executed. Emphasis is given to the terminology used in this field and the underlying concepts involved. SEI-CM-24 download the PostScript file The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) is a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense and operated by Carnegie Mellon University. by Carnegie Mellon University URL: http://www.sei.cmu.edu/publications/documents/cms/cm.024.html Last Modified: 16 May 2004

45. Linux Magazine | April 2001 | COMPILE TIME | More Concurrent Programming Topics COMPILE TIME. More concurrent programming Topics. by Benjamin Chelf. In the past two months we ve introduced threads and mutexes, the http://www.linux-mag.com/2001-04/compile_01.html

LINUX MAGAZINE subscribe advertise customer service ... contacts Newsletter Email: Name: Sections Editorial Newbies Reviews Shutdown How To LAMP Post Power Tools Guru Guidance On The Desktop ... Best Defense Developer's Den Java Matters Extreme Linux Compile Time Perl of Wisdom ... Downloads On Stands Now Indexes Issue Archive Author Index RSS feed Subscribe Now! Name: Address: City: State: XX (US only) Zip: Email: 12 issues for $29.95 24 issues for $54.95 Non-US orders? Click here for delivery to: Canada Mexico Other feedback ... COMPILE TIME More Concurrent Programming Topics page next >> COMPILE TIME More Concurrent Programming Topics by Benjamin Chelf In the past two months we've introduced threads and mutexes, the locking mechanism used to prevent race conditions in threaded applications. In this month's column, we'll look at two types of concurrent programming techniques used to synchronize the execution of code in threads. Hopefully, this discussion will further your perception of locks and how they are used in concurrent programming. Recall that a mutex is a lock that only one thread can "hold" at any given time. If a thread tries to acquire the lock while another thread "holds" it, that thread will be blocked until the lock is released. This mechanism is quite helpful when you want only one thread executing certain code at a given time (for example, when a common variable's value is read and then written).

46. Java: Tips, Tutorials And How-tos Links to free online lessons on Java subjects ranging from concurrent programming to optimization to Java for beginners http://www.knowledgehound.com/topics/java.htm

Java Tips, Tutorials Concurrent Programming, JSP (JavaServer Pages), OOP, Optimization, Scripting Subtopics on this page General/Mixed/Misc. JSP (JavaServer Pages) Many "General" sites cover a topic in depth and may have what you need. Related topics ASP C/C++ CGI Cascading Style Sheets ... Web Development GENERAL/MIXED/MISC. A Practical Guide for Programmers - The Java Tutorial A Tutorial - Brewing Java ... Marty Hall SEARCH MAIN PAGES Original KH How2s The Environment Recreation Other Useful Sites Newsletter Goodies About Us Site Map Home Sign up for our how-to newsletter Return to top of page The Environment Recreation ... Home

47. Linux Magazine | March 2002 | FEATURE | Common Concurrent Programming Errors FEATURE. Common concurrent programming Errors. Things can get tricky when a program runs in multiple threads. by Henry Gabb. Concurrent http://www.linux-mag.com/2002-03/concurrent_01.html

LINUX MAGAZINE subscribe advertise customer service ... contacts Newsletter Email: Name: Sections Editorial Newbies Reviews Shutdown How To LAMP Post Power Tools Guru Guidance On The Desktop ... Best Defense Developer's Den Java Matters Extreme Linux Compile Time Perl of Wisdom ... Downloads On Stands Now Indexes Issue Archive Author Index RSS feed Subscribe Now! Name: Address: City: State: XX (US only) Zip: Email: 12 issues for $29.95 24 issues for $54.95 Non-US orders? Click here for delivery to: Canada Mexico Other feedback ... March 2002 / FEATURE Common Concurrent Programming Errors page next >> FEATURE Common Concurrent Programming Errors Things can get tricky when a program runs in multiple threads. by Henry Gabb C oncurrent programming has been around for a long time. Programmers have typically used threads to express concurrency. Mapping independent tasks to threads gives the operating system greater flexibility in scheduling, which helps hide program latency. While one thread waits for data, the operating system can run another. In addition, most systems are capable of doing computation and I/O simultaneously, provided that computation and I/O are independent tasks mapped to threads. With symmetric multiprocessors (SMP) becoming more common, programmers are starting to use threads to take advantage of the performance benefits of parallel computing. (For an introduction to threads and their uses, see the four-part "Compile Time" series mentioned in the Resources box.) Concurrency adds a temporal component to coding that can be confusing at first. It also makes debugging harder because errors can be difficult to reproduce. Fortunately, the same types of errors tend to appear over and over again. This article will try to show you what not to do, hopefully avoiding bugs in the first place (or at least making it easier to spot errors in existing programs). The concurrent programming errors described in this article are divided into two categories those causing data races and those causing deadlock. Most of the example programs sometimes execute correctly and sometimes don't. That's the difficulty of debugging concurrent programs. Multithreaded programs that work fine during testing often fail in the hands of the end-user.

48. The Functional Logic Language Curry Multiparadigm declarative programming language seamlessly merges functional, logic, and concurrent programming paradigms; covers the most important operational principles in the area of integrated functional logic languages. http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~curry/

A Truly Integrated Functional Logic Language Curry is a universal programming language aiming to amalgamate the most important declarative programming paradigms, namely functional programming and logic programming . Moreover, it also covers the most important operational principles developed in the area of integrated functional logic languages : "residuation" and "narrowing" (you find here a survey on functional logic programming). Curry combines in a seamless way features from functional programming (nested expressions, higher-order functions, lazy evaluation), logic programming (logical variables, partial data structures, built-in search), and concurrent programming (concurrent evaluation of expressions with synchronization on logical variables). Moreover, Curry provides additional features in comparison to the pure languages (compared to functional programming: search, computing with partial information; compared to logic programming: more efficient evaluation due to the deterministic and demand-driven evaluation of functions). The development of Curry is an international initiative intended to provide a common platform for the research, teaching and application of integrated functional logic languages. The design of Curry is mainly discussed in the

49. Concurrent Programming In Java: State Dependence From the Book. concurrent programming in Java 8482; Design Principles and Pattern, 2nd Edition concurrent programming in Java State Dependence. http://www.informit.com/articles/article.asp?p=31539

50. GBC/ACM Spring 1998 Professional Development Seminar Schedule Return to GBC/ACM Home Page. concurrent programming in Java. Doug Lea will present techniques for effective concurrent programming in Java. Who Should Attend. http://www.acm.org/chapters/gbc/pds-s98.html

GBC/ACM Professional Development Seminar Schedule Latest Update: March 18, 1998. Concurrent Programming in Java Doug Lea, March 14,1998 Transaction Processing Overview The C++ Standard Library Bjarne Stroustrup, April 4,1998 Please note that attendance at all seminars is limited by the space available. If you are pre-registering at short notice or plan to walk-in, check this Web site or call our answering machine at 781-862-1181 to see if space is still available. Where, When, How Much? Registration Form Coming soon: PDS Brochure in Acrobat (.PDF) form. Acknowledgments GBC/ACM gratefully acknowledges our PDS benefactors: For donation of venue and logistics support: Northeastern University College of Computer Science Northeastern University College of Engineering For donations of gift certificates and other items for volunteer recruitment: Quantum Books, Cambridge, MA Softpro Book Store, Burlington, MA For donations of database software: Commence Corporation, Shrewsbury, NJ Return to GBC/ACM Home Page. Concurrent Programming in Java Doug Lea, State University of New York at Oswego

51. Concurrent Programming Concepts concurrent programming Concepts. Full text, pdf formatPdf (1.74 MB). Source, ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) archive Volume 5 , Issue 4 http://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/journals/surveys/1973-5-4/p223-hansen/p223-hans

52. Erlang University An Erlang online course. History, sequential programming, concurrent programming, error handling and advanced topics. http://www.erlang.org/course/course.html

An Erlang Course This is the content of the Erlang course. This course usually takes four days to complete. It is divided into 5 modules and has a number of programming exercises This course is available in various formats: For on-line reading at http://www.erlang.org/course/course.html A Zip archive that contains the HTML files. A gzipped TAR archive that contains the HTML files. A PDF file. Module 1 - History A short history of the Erlang language describing how Erlang was developed and why we had to invent a new language. Module 2 - Sequential Programming Symbolic data representation, how pattern matching is used to pack/unpack data, how functions are combined to form programs etc. Module 3 - Concurrent Programming Creating an Erlang process, communication between Erlang processes. Module 4 - Error handling Covers error handling and the design of robust systems. Module 5 - Advanced Topics All those tricky things like loading code in running systems, exception handling etc.

53. Concurrent Programming (part Of CSc213/4) concurrent programming (part of CSc213/4). 11/25/98. Click here to start. Table of Contents. concurrent programming (part of CSc213/4). Administrative details. http://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/computing/users/geoff/210/conc/

Concurrent Programming (part of CSc213/4) Click here to start Table of Contents Concurrent Programming (part of CSc213/4) Administrative details Coursework Unit 1: Introduction to concurrentprogramming ... Summary Email: geoff@comp.lancs.ac.uk Home Page: http://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/computing/staff/geoff.html Other information: Slides for CSc210 Concurrent Programming Best experienced with Click here to start. Download presentation source

54. SmallAda A compiler/interpreter for a part of the Ada language, namely the Pascal subset plus the Ada tasking support. It is not intended ever to be a full Ada compiler, rather a vehicle for teaching, learning, and experimenting with concurrent programming. The compiler is quite fast, producing Pcode which is then interpreted by the interpreter. (ZIP) http://www.readyideas.com/ada/SMALLADA.ZIP

¯h!ØS7»Üq­îŸŽBÝpà •IjñîÔRŠZLR×o¢®_¢®¦–‹¢®ç¦–‹¢ÏQKw§®§¨¥$µrµr_êFQÔJnêFQÔÒ9jùîÔJŠZNR·n¢n]¦¾B¹Y”r+·r³(eö˜Žé¢;:¢‹þù钔.Éq)¼Fô6 ~PK[x3 <9´‹B·OÝNC«ÚlŒ$E‡ØN@^‰Ue <û¼ÎSéii¤‹ Ÿ×ô)þà "þ¥2üói£+í€Ìù5»ñgh ÐA¥] <³ø [e±”É9ž”$sçd8ôϪf¯±¶Ô †ã, 4X5q°4¶Jk‰p2gaK×vÙÔDxƶkXšieSCÉ k·ÀƖêc™ÉÆÍ~ <ˆE°ÈÏ %,·†XÈá8ÀžÉÙO] éN*)OF#o# û <¼  ‹Ç %R×,t ™xÐC‹I¸÷bà1 <‰±ïãcÀAÆqœE%4­¨?´Á@¤HÉÚHtìėÑ$k[£=R1 ó°V <ðÞE‡~ì_0cîÆ,B1tiÑ#q -Mì+¸ý1 “±àEìÇ1„¤³c Ž Í¶¯áBÈ-„¡Løº‰ŒkÑ™˜† 4¹•x17ãa <7ñ.¶a´·‘_ä  à <Š—±qú CÑIHà Ü  f Fà ü†àhÊŸâÎÁ`¤má ¬Â«xÛñ+þB-t1l½1·a2fcŠñÖ`އ_à N ,6/.=1#p'Vá#üŒð8Ú#z¢?æà~lÄ 4§~°±GQ¨Ú < /qçԊt` <^Ä[x¥ø §q Ú֔+:#£1 w!ài <†—ñ1"ƒ6·~5hØÜzvá´ ÞÜz¬XJŒÙÜún <ý©H¬Ïbu:T± '½.s¾¡R"zß'€” <#—ücji¯üt([å <-¡Bé󫕩h±^ÆiOy]¡D®X^ºËÎÖ®ðKNWúï*ê£À݉,×Ée^+røà ™ºÈ‡g.ü­QC '’Mj†¸»ïjjÝÛÜqMÊÝ)­Æ¿?j–î鏪 <ÉÛÞXV¬ <¬Þ×ñ/ä™á™Dï[ µ8Œ=îx!bt~4Úè <þ[ÔàltU;]ÆÂÊÊ«Œ¥Ö ÖÒª¤ŠÕk­E(ºb5ž <‡E ~ŠÁÏ]sXDüèitt¯IzôL"S3AÇ$e6hmÉu$dêT驉ÒUBurX¬U <´¿k2;üþˆ“6Gº˜ƒÊ"*oûº¾Í¢÷Ó£cßãTÎ <¹'Oþz 7ÏhÞ(Qx28üœÉà  3i£‘3[åÙÇ% <ã]b†Ñ(¦7‰©Æ=b²qi8]vd‘qoISْ÷v]ŒÁGcTy^üó¹ Yñ€îeP ‡ôw€ž`Ð^@Ï0è1@q¥µ€píÜé×ý:#å‘"D1(²âûuɁ < B <2¾š¼¸»ãx)˜ú là ¿ëvôuà ² 5 JÜr.ö,®Lu2¶Lu¾Hâ×kSÕ)

55. Parallel Programming Problems such as these are known to be embarrassingly parallel . Pioneers in the field of concurrent programming include Edsger Dijkstra and CAR Hoare. http://www.fact-index.com/p/pa/parallel_programming.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index Parallel programming Parallel programming , or concurent programming is the technique of computer programming that provide for the execution of operations (either actually or apparently) concurrently, either within a single computer, or across a number of systems. In the latter case, the term distributed computing is used. Multiprocessor machines achieve better performance by taking an advantage of this kind of programming. Parallel programming or computing is the splitting of a single task into a number of subtasks that can be computed relatively independently and then aggregated to form a single coherent solution. Distributed computing can be defined as a method of information processing in which work is performed by separate computers linked through a communications network. Parallel programming is most often used for tasks that can easily broken down into independent tasks such as purely mathematical problems e.g. factorisation. Problems such as these are known to be 'embarrassingly parallel'. Pioneers in the field of concurrent programming include Edsger Dijkstra and C. A. R. Hoare

56. COMP 421: Operating Systems And Concurrent Programming COMP 421 Operating Systems and concurrent programming. Spring 2004. This course is intended to provide a basic understanding of the http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~comp421/

COMP 421: Operating Systems and Concurrent Programming Spring 2004 This course is intended to provide a basic understanding of the software that manages a computer's hardware resources to provide a powerful abstract interface on which user programs execute. The course focuses on the control and utilization of processor, memory, storage, and network resources. The concepts in this course include file systems, main and secondary storage management, virtual memory, process management and scheduling, interprocess communication, protection, security, synchronization of concurrent processes, deadlock, and an introduction to networking. The course is structured into two parts, a principles part and a projects part. The lectures and projects have been sequenced so that by the time you are working on a project, we have covered the concepts involved in that project in the lectures. Your implementation in the project will then anchor these ideas in your mind. News Copies of the final exam will be available to pick up from the CS department office beginning Monday morning. The instructions for the exam are the same as they were for the midterm exam. During the exam, you may want to refer to the handouts from the projects we did this semester. If you don't have your copies anymore, you can get them off Projects page here.

57. Extending Java To Support Shared Resource Protection And Deadlock Detection In T Java threads enable programmers to write parallel programs very easily and conveniently. However, the current Java specification does not adequately provide for the protection of shared resources or for deadlock detection, two of the most common problems arising from parallel programs. The ability to solve these problems is crucial for Java concurrent programming. In this paper, we introduce and implement a model that can aid in writing parallel programs by providing shared resource protection and deadlock detection. Published in Crossroads, the ACM student magazine. http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds4-2/dynac.html

Extending Java to Support Shared Resource Protection and Deadlock Detection in Threads Programming by Anita J. Van Engen Michael K. Bradshaw Nathan Oostendorp Abstract Java threads enable programmers to write parallel programs very easily and conveniently. However, the current Java specification does not adequately provide for the protection of shared resources or for deadlock detection, two of the most common problems arising from parallel programs. The ability to solve these problems is crucial for Java concurrent programming. In this paper, we introduce and implement a model that can aid in writing parallel programs by providing shared resource protection and deadlock detection. Introduction The increasing use of parallel systems and programs in many different fields has brought new attention to how threads cooperate and share data. Parallel programs are used in such critical and sensitive environments as database operation and manipulation, data collection and system maintenance tasks. With an increasing emphasis being placed on the World Wide Web and on platform-independent tools, Java is positioned to become the language of choice for many applications, including parallel programming. While it provides some solid facilities for basic threads programming, Java does not adequately provide for shared resource protection or have the ability to detect deadlock. Adequate Java support for these features would make Java threads even more effective for parallel programming. Let us consider two simple applications that illustrate the need for these features. First, consider a bank with 2 ATM machines. Bob and Jane share an account with a current balance of $500, and they each make a different transaction at the exact same time. Bob wants to withdraw $100 and Jane wants to deposit $150. If this scenario proceeds, without provisions for data protection, the resulting balance will be either ($500 - 100) = $400 or ($500 + 150) = $650, both of which are incorrect. This, of course, does not happen, and the correct balance will include both transactions, leaving the final balance at ($500 - 100 + 150) = $550. Second, consider the Dining Philosophers scenario

58. ProQuest Information And Learning - Concurrent Programming In Java™: Design Pri In concurrent programming in Java, Second Edition, you will find thoroughly updated coverage of the Java 2 platform and new or expanded coverage of Memory http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/0201310090

ProQuest Information and Learning Company Home Desktop Bookshelf Recent Searches ... Table of Contents By Doug Lea Publisher : Addison Wesley Pub Date : October 01, 1999 ISBN Pages Slots In Concurrent Programming in Java, Second Edition , you will find thoroughly updated coverage of the Java 2 platform and new or expanded coverage of: Memory model Cancellation Portable parallel programming Utility classes for concurrency control The Java platform provides a broad and powerful set of APIs, tools, and technologies. One of its most powerful capabilities is the built-in support for threads. This makes concurrent programming an attractive yet challenging option for programmers using the Java programming language. This book shows readers how to use the Java platform's threading model more precisely by helping them to understand the patterns and tradeoffs associated with concurrent programming. You will learn how to initiate, control, and coordinate concurrent activities using the class java.lang.Thread, the keywords synchronized and volatile, and the methods wait, notify, and notifyAll. In addition, you will find detailed coverage of all aspects of concurrent programming, including such topics as confinement and synchronization, deadlocks and conflicts, state-dependent action control, asynchronous message passing and control flow, coordinated interaction, and structuring web-based and computational services. The book targets intermediate to advanced programmers interested in mastering the complexities of concurrent programming. Taking a design pattern approach, the book offers standard design techniques for creating and implementing components that solve common concurrent programming challenges. The numerous code examples throughout help clarify the subtleties of the concurrent programming concepts discussed.

59. Concurrent Programming Language - Encyclopedia Article About Concurrent Programm encyclopedia article about concurrent programming language. concurrent programming language in Free online English dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Concurrent programming language

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Concurrent programming language Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Concurrent programming languages are those that define commands In telecommunication, the term command has the following meanings: An order for an action to take place. In data transmission, an instruction sent by the primary station instructing a secondary station to perform some specific function. In signaling systems, a control signal. In computer programming, that part of a computer instruction word that specifies the operation to be performed. See command (computing) for detail. Click the link for more information. as messages Message in its most general meaning is the object of communication. Depending on the context, the term may apply to both the information contents and its actual presentation. In the communications discipline, a message is information which is sent from a source to a receiver. Some common definitions include: Any thought or idea expressed briefly in a plain or secret language, prepared in a form suitable for transmission by any means of communication. An arbitrary amount of information whose beginning and end are defined or implied.

60. Concurrent Programming Previous Contents Next Chapter 1 concurrent programming. Joinpattern synchronization expresses many programming paradigms, either concurrent or sequential. http://pauillac.inria.fr/join/manual/manual002.html

Chapter 1 Concurrent programming This part of the manual is a tutorial introduction to the join-calculus. This chapter presents small, local, examples. Chapter deals with the distributed features. 1.1 Conventions Examples are given as join-calculus source, followed by the output of the compiler when enabled to print types. For instance, here is the definition of a simple top-level value binding: # let x = 1 # ;; val x : int An example may span over several programs chunks. Here is another binding: # let y = x+1 # ;; val y : int In the end, the output generated by the execution of the example is shown: # spawn echo(y) # ;; Therefore, to execute the example above, it suffices to concatenate the three source chunks above in some file a.j (erasing the `` '' characters), then to compile a.j by the command jcc -i a.j , and finally to run the produced code by the command ./a.out . (Option -i enables the output of inferred types). 1.2 Basics Join-calculus programs are made of processes and expressions . Roughly, processes are executed asynchronously and produce no result, whereas expressions are evaluated synchronously and their evaluation produces values. Processes communicate by sending messages on channels or port names. Messages carried by channels are made of zero or more values and channels are values themselves. By contrast with other process calculi (such as the pi-calculus and its derived programming language Pict), channels and the processes that listen on them are defined by a single language construct. This feature allows considering (and implementing) channels as functions, when channels are used as functions.

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