41. Comoros Islands, Pierre Pahlavi political evolution of an independent comoros A) a against integration that makeseach island jealous of in the Comorian elite s political culture and, finally http://grad.usask.ca/gateway/archive19.html

Back to: Article Catalog THE COMOROS: "The Federation of the Quarrelsome Sultans" Pierre Cyril Pahlavi, Ph. D. Candidate Department of Political Science McGill University "History does not repeat itself, but it sometimes reveals curious constants." (Abdoul Djabir) Abstract: Since its independence, the Comoros Federation has been faced with a profound crisis that affects its political institutions. Today, even its territorial integrity is questioned. In 1997, two of the three islands decided to secede, breaking the young federation into pieces. This article attempts to demonstrate that the disintegration of the Comorian federation can better be understood by taking into account the strong forces that have characterised the twenty-five years of its short history. These forces are the archipelago's natural tendency towards political breakdown, the specific interests of France, and the authoritarian and centralising policy of the federal government in Moroni. This article attempts to show the chaotic and incredible history of this volcanic archipelago, punctuated by numerous and theatrical developments. This paper also aims to expand the study on this Indian Ocean archipelago, which has so far been neglected. In the first part, which covers the period from independence to the advent of the federation, the author gives a general idea of 1) the pre-colonial and colonial history of the Comorian archipelago, 2) the walk towards independence, and 3) the Mayotte island's dissent. He also analyses 4) the rejection of the federation option in 1978, 5) the ambiguous French policy, 6) the circumstances surrounding the declaration of independence and 7) the advent of an independent Comorian entity without the Mahorian island.

42. Africa Travel Centre: Destination Indian Ocean Islands culture The population is made up predominantly of people of Creole and Europeanbackgrounds. Bikes can be hired on nearly all islands. comoros. http://www.africatravel.co.uk/indianocean.html

Welcome to the Indian Ocean Islands Mauritius Seychelles Comoros Reunion ... Madagascar Mauritius Mauritius is a beautiful island with charming villages, impressive mountains and some of the finest beaches and aquamarine lagoons in the Indian Ocean. Holidaymakers, who can summon up the energy to depart from the sun-kissed, palm-fringed beaches of Mauritius, will find an abundance of activities to keep them occupied. The island is famed for deep-sea fishing and there are many scuba diving centres. Five golf courses set in impressive locations mean that golfers are similarly well catered for on the island. - - n a v i g a t o r - - Zambia Kenya Namibia South Africa Tanzania Zimbabwe Botswana Indian Ocean Islands Click here to view a detailed map of: Mauritius Seychelles Comoros Madagascar Facts : Languages French and English are the official languages, with Creole and a local Hindi dialect being the most commonly spoken languages. Passports All visitors require a valid passport.

43. Travel In Moroni Comoros History Islam gave the people homogeneity and it has subsequently dominated all aspects ofthe islands social life. The present culture of the comoros is very similar http://www.africatravelling.net/comoros/moroni/moroni_history.htm

Moroni - History The Comoros Islands were very likely inhabited by Malayo-Polynesian sailors as early as the sixth century AD. Arabs and Africans were later arrivals. For hundreds of years, the islands were a centre for traffic in slaves and spices. Between the 10th and 15th centuries, people from the areas around the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf came to the islands and established Islam. These people set up rival sultanates and while no political stability or unity was achieved, Islam gave the people homogeneity and it has subsequently dominated all aspects of the islands' social life. The present culture of the Comoros is very similar to that of the Swahili people on the African coast from Somalia to Mozambique. Because of rival sultanates on the islands, in the nineteenth century France was able to exploit the situation and establish a presence. In 1886 the Comoros became a French protectorate and in 1912 France officially proclaimed them colonies. Until the 1960s the islands were more or less totally isolated from the world. France maintained a situation which forbade political organisation and a local press. In December 1961, however, in response to increased demands from the people of the islands, a system of internal autonomy was set up

44. The Muslims Internet Directory: Countries/Comoros Miscellaneous (3). Science and Environment (2). Society And culture (0). TravelAnd Tourism (1). Ethnologue comoros islands Languages of comoros islands. http://2muslims.com/directory/Countries/Comoros/index.shtml

Home Directory Quran Hadith ... Paid Services Welcome Guest User: Login Register Pick Of The Moment: ADD A SITE NEW SITES TOP SITES HIGHEST RATED ... Countries : Comoros: the entire Directory This Category Other Searchs Selected Services: Advertise on 2muslims.com Free E-mail Services ... Harun Yahya - The Importance Of Conscience In The Qur'an - introduction Subscribe Unsubscribe Top Categories Menu: 2Muslims.com Services Beliefs And Practices Business And Economy Comparative Religions Computers And Internet Countries Discover Islam Education Islamic Virtual Library Media Resources Miscellaneous Mosques And Centers Organizations Quran And Hadith Religion Of Islam Society And Culture Discover Islam This Is Islam A Slide About Islam Test Your Knwoledge ... Join The Muslims Top Sites Subcategories in Comoros: Business And Economy Maps and Views Media And Newspapers Miscellaneous ... Travel And Tourism Links In Comoros: Pages: 1 general links A New Species of Coelacanth - Scholarly article looking at differing populations of the ancient fish (Added: Oct,27,00, Hits: 71, Recommended: , Votes: 0) Rate Recommend Review Save ... Details..

45. The Muslims Internet Directory: Countries/Comoros Media And Newspapers (1). Miscellaneous (3). Science and Environment (2). SocietyAnd culture (0). Travel And Tourism (1). Map of the comoros islands (1991). http://2muslims.com/directory/Countries/Comoros/more2.shtml

Home Directory Quran Hadith ... Paid Services Welcome Guest User: Login Register Pick Of The Moment: ADD A SITE NEW SITES TOP SITES HIGHEST RATED ... Comoros : Page 2: the entire Directory This Category Other Searchs Selected Services: Islamic Greeting Cards Service Customizable Search Engine ... PALESTINE - Harun Yahya Subscribe Unsubscribe Top Categories Menu: 2Muslims.com Services Beliefs And Practices Business And Economy Comparative Religions Computers And Internet Countries Discover Islam Education Islamic Virtual Library Media Resources Miscellaneous Mosques And Centers Organizations Quran And Hadith Religion Of Islam Society And Culture Discover Islam This Is Islam A Slide About Islam Test Your Knwoledge ... Join The Muslims Top Sites Subcategories in Comoros: Business And Economy Maps and Views Media And Newspapers Miscellaneous ... Travel And Tourism Links In Comoros: Pages: general links Maalesh Group - - Comorian musicians represented by Afrique en Scene (Added: Oct,27,00, Hits: 43, Recommended: , Votes: 0) Rate Recommend Review Save ... Map of the Comoros Islands (Added: Oct,27,00, Hits: 36, Recommended: , Votes: 0) Rate Recommend Review Save ... Details..

46. Article - Comoros Islands - Presented By ©NewsFinder.Org - All with several species unique to the comoros or rarely in the sea around the islandsand one arts, alternative, meditation, technology news, culture, sport news http://www.newsfinder.org/more.php?id=686_0_1_0_M

47. Regional Africa Comoros Society And Culture Regional Africa comoros Society and culture Directory results Ethnologuecomoros islands Languages of comoros islands. Part http://world.ammissione.it/browse_/Regional/Africa/Comoros/Society_and_Culture/

48. TRAVEL.com ® ... Regional:Africa:Comoros:Society And Culture Top Regional Africa comoros Society and culture Results 1 3 of at least3 Ethnologue comoros islands - sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Como.html http://www.travel.com/Regional/Africa/Comoros/Society_and_Culture/

Welcome to... Travel.com: The company that created travel on the Internet [1992]. Flights Hotels Condos Cars ... Web Directories Search Directory Languages: Deutsch Español Français Italiano ... More... (~70 Languages) Our International Sites .au English AUD .ca English CAD .de Deutsch EUR .fr Français EUR .it Italiano EUR .mx Español USD .nl Nederland EUR .nz English NZD .sg English USD .uk English GBP .us English USD Top Regional Africa Comoros Society and Culture Results 1 - 3 of at least 3 Ethnologue: Comoros Islands sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Como.html Languages of Comoros Islands. Part of Ethnologue: Languages of the World_, 13th Edition. Library of Congress Country Studies / Comoros lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/kmtoc.html Area Handbook Series, with information on society and regional security. Public Places in the Comores unesco.org/whc/exhibits/afr_rev/africa-... UNESCO information on the squares known as bangwe. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor View/Cancel Reservation ... Privacy Statement Hotel Sampler: Africa Asia Caribbean Central America ... Site Map for Spiders and Robots

49. WoYaa Search Engine - Africa References Online - COUNTRIES/COMOROS/TOURISM comoros The Comoro islands Home Page, Les Comores,îles aux parfumsDecouvrezson histoire,sa geographie, sa tradition,son art et sa culture son histoire http://www.woyaa.com/links/COUNTRIES/COMOROS/TOURISM/

Welcome to WoYaa! Your premier African search engine and Web sites directory since 1997. African Web Sites By Country Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde CAR Chad Comoros Congo Djibouti Egypt EQ. Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria RD Congo Rwanda Sao Tome Senegal Seychelles Siserra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda W. Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe Forums POLITICS ROMANCE HEALTH Classifieds BUSINESS JOBS REAL ESTATES CONFERENCES ... TRAVEL Pages: 1 TOP COUNTRIES COMOROS : TOURISM Links bienvenue aux comores comores , anjouan ,moheli ,mayotte, ocean indien ,forum ,liens, mutsamudu ,tourisme,chercher avec le moteur de recherche oceanweb ,un site qu est en Collaboration avec webmaster moelma « mohamed el marouf ahmed » societe AnjNET Cool (Added: Fri Feb 22 2002 Hits: 315 Rating: 0.00 Votes: 0) Rate It Coelacanth The Coelacanth is a rare fish found in the waters of the Comoro Islands. The fish was believed by western scientists to have been extinct for millions of years. This site provides interesting details about it. Cool (Added: Tue Jan 23 2001 Hits: 121 Rating: 4.50 Votes: 2)

50. COMOROS ISLANDS - MUSHROOMS, FAIRY CAKE - Stamp - Stampville.com Society and culture. Space. Special Events / Holidays. Sports. Transportation / Travel.Warfare. Home Nature Mushrooms comoros islands MUSHROOMS, FAIRY CAKE. http://store.stampville.com/5077801.html

 For Orders Over $60 35% OFF ALL STAMPS! American President Animal Kingdom Arts / Artists / Architecture Entertainers ... Mushrooms COMOROS ISLANDS - MUSHROOMS, FAIRY CAKE COMOROS ISLANDS - MUSHROOMS, FAIRY CAKE Click to see an enlarged image Catalog #: Retail price: Our price: You Save Qty: You Might Also Be Interested In: ZAMBIA - MUSHROOMS, SET OF 10 ZAMBIA - MUSHROOMS SOUVENIR SHEET II ZAMBIA - MUSHROOMS SOUVENIR SHEET ZAMBIA - MUSHROOMS SHEETLETS II ... Shipping Information

51. TOUGH CHOICES FOR TODAY'S YOUTH - NI 143 - Country Profile: Comoros Islands culture Arab. With 200 people trying to scratch a living from every kilometer,the comoros islands is the most densely populated nation on earth. http://www.newint.org/issue143/profile.htm

new internationalist January 1985 COUNTRY PROFILE Comoros Islands Leader President Ahmed Abdullah. Economy : GNP per capita US S267 per year. Monetary Unit : CFA Franc. People Health : Infant mortality 280 per 1,000 live births. Culture : Arab. Swahili coast and Indian Ocean peoples. Religion : Sunni Islam. Languages derstood and taught in Koranic schools. Islanders speak a Comorian dialect of Kiswahili. But the palm-fringed beaches, so soothing to the tourist, conceal another country with far more desperate laws of survival. With 200 people trying to scratch a living from every kilometer, the Comoros Islands is the most densely populated nation on earth. The bobbing dhows are filled with imported rice, which the mountain poor cannot afford to buy. Despite abundant fishing grounds, most of the countrys supply is imported from Madagascar and onions are so expensive they are sold singly in the market of Moroni, the capital. Since the peasants cannot eat the perfumes which cover a third of the land, nearly half their children suffer from malnutrition. In 1983, there were only 17 doctors for the entire 365,000 population. With no press and no opposition party, the Mosque remains unchallenged as the most important influence on Comorian thought and values. Although entirely responsible for food production, women have no place in the village committees.

52. ASI Directory - Regional - Africa - Comoros - Society And Culture Top Regional Africa comoros Society and culture (3). Directory Results WebSite Matches Any Search Info. Ethnologue comoros islands Languages of comoros http://search-info.com/search/engine/index/Regional/Africa/Comoros/Society_and_C

Directory Home Regional Africa Comoros - Society and Culture [3] Directory Results: Web Site Matches: Ethnologue: Comoros Islands Languages of Comoros Islands. Part of "Ethnologue: Languages of the World_, 13th Edition" url: www.sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Como.html Library of Congress Country Studies / Comoros Area Handbook Series, with information on society and regional security url: lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/kmtoc.html Public Places in the Comores UNESCO information on the squares known as bangwe url: www.unesco.org/whc/exhibits/afr_rev/africa-m.htm Directory Home Link To Us About Us Submit URL ... Advertise Last update: 18:44 PT, Monday, February 18, 2002 Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Powered by Open Directory Modified by Any Search Info

53. Information Headquarters: Comoros The interior of the volcanic islands vary from Economy comoros has inadequate transportationsystem, a Although Arab culture is firmly established throughout http://www.informationheadquarters.com/Countries/Comoros.shtml

PharmacyHeadquarters SearchHeadquarters - Need a Payday Loan Talk politics at WashingtonTalk Comoros How to Physics History Companies ... History of Computing This content from Wikipedia is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License Links HOME Help build the worlds largest free encyclopedia

54. Regional Africa Comoros Society And Culture Ultraspider.com Ethnologue comoros islands Languages of comoros islands. of Congress CountryStudies / comoros - Area Handbook Society And culture comoros - Society And http://www.ultraspider.com/dmoz/index.php/Regional/Africa/Comoros/Society_and_Cu

Search: search the entire directory search this category only Top Regional Africa Comoros ... Ethnologue: Comoros Islands - Languages of Comoros Islands. Part of "Ethnologue: Languages of the World_, 13th Edition" Library of Congress Country Studies / Comoros - Area Handbook Series, with information on society and regional security Public Places in the Comores - UNESCO information on the squares known as bangwe Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Society And Culture Comoros ... Society And Culture Languages var f = ""; f = escape(document.referrer); document.writeln("")

55. Africa Resources And Links the history, society and culture, economy, and political system of this troublednation. Africa South of the SaharaLinks. Comoro islands comoros Home Page http://www.virginia.edu/iso/ic/library/Country/links/africa.html

Africa Resources and Links Africa can be divided into two cultural regions, North Africa and Africa South of the Sahara (for a list of which African countries are in which region, click here ). Use the following links to take you to both the Library's resources on these regions and to links to web sites that deal with African culture: General AfricaLibrary Resources and Links North AfricaLibrary Resources and Links Africa South of the SaharaLibrary Resources and Links General AfricaLibrary Resources The following is just a representative sampling of the International Center Library's materials on Africa. If you have any questions about our other resources, please email the Library Africa ed. by Phyllis Martin and Patrick O'Meara, 1995. Essays on everything from African history to African music to popular culture in urban Africa. Africa: A Continent Revealed by Rene Gordon, 1981. Hundreds of color photographs of Africa and Africans. The Black Man's Burden: Africa and the Curse of the Nation-State by Basil Davidson, 1992. A discussion of Africa's political instability in its historical context from one of the continent's most respected historians.

56. Comoros; Safety Travel Information culture is predominantly patriarchal. HIGH RISK in travel to Anjouan and Moheli islands.Since 99 it has beenis inadvisable to travel to the comoros islands. http://www.brookes.ac.uk/worldwise/directory/www00046.html

Comoros Capital: Moroni TIME ZONE GMT + 3 TELEPHONE SERVICES Country Code: 269 IDD: International Direct Dialling NOT available Outgoing Code: Calls must go through the operator. EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS Not present. REPRESENTATION IN THE UK No embassy in the UK. Europe: Embassy of The Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros; 20 rue Marbeau; 75106 Paris; France; Tel: (1) 40 67 90 54 Fax: (1) 44 17 91 88. UK REPRESENTATION British Embassy in Madagascar deals with enquiries relating to the Comoro Islands: Lot II I 164 Ter Alarobia Amboniloa B.P.167 101 Antananarivo Tel: + (261) (20) 2249 378 Fax: + (261) (20) 2249 381 Email: ukembant@simicro.mg TOURIST INFORMATION IN THE UK Refer to the Embassy LOCAL TOURIST INFORMATION PASSPORT INFORMATION Valid passport required by all. Return Ticket Required. Requirements may be subject to short term change. Consult embassy before departure. VISA INFORMATION Required by all. Transit; and Tourist. Visas are issued by the Immigration officer on arrival. Exit permits are required by all.

57. COMOROS @ Mail Order America Mayotte Facts for travellers, attractions, events, culture, and history. LycosCity Guide - Moroni - General background and links. Map of the comoros islands. http://www.mailorderamerica.com/comoros.htm

COMOROS @ Mail Order America Click here for advertising information! home A New Species of Coelacanth - Scholarly article looking at differing populations of the ancient fish. Action Atlas: Coral Reefs: Comoros - Brief look at threats to the reefs. Action Comores - A voluntary action organization whose goal is to help alleviate the environmental problems of the Comores through scientific research, direct conservation and environmental education. Africa Travel Online - The best of Comores - list of resort hotels. Agricultural Exports from Comoros to US - Links to US government statistics. allAfrica.com : Comoros - News reports and headlines derived from the African press. Updated constantly. AS2M Informatique - Computer equipment store in Moroni. BANGAZO - the Discussion Forum for All Comorians - The only content on the Comorian Embassies website. BBC Country Profile: Comoros - Quick facts. Bob Denard's Overseas Secret Enterprises - The mercenary who overthrew the Comorian government several times tells about his missions and sells his autobiography. CIA World Factbook - Comoros - Geographic, political and economic background.

58. EDU2 : Level 2 Canberra Australia s Capital; comoros The Comoro islands Home Page;culture and Recreation Portal Homepageau; Easter Island Data; http://www.my-edu2.com/EDU/cult.htm

EDU2 :CULTURE ABCentral Search Helpers Submit a Link ... WORLD *AFRICA* CULTURE_AFRICA : TITLE Kurdish Culture Washington Kurdish Institute *ARAB/ISLAM* Adventures of Morocco :northern africa Al Mashriq - the Levant - Lebanon and the Middle East Al-Arabi 's Home Page Al-Khazine:islamic culture ... oman.de *ASIA* ASIA : TITLE *AUSTRALIA/OCEA/NIA* Aboriginal Names:au About Georgia Aotearoa / New Zealand Australia National Sorry Day ... West New Britain Web Page *CULTURE* ALL LOOK SAME Altculture.com American RadioWorks : Documentary Journalism on Public Radio and the Internet Armenian Research Center Home Page ... interculturele communicatie *EGYPT* Alexandria, Egypt Cairo, Egypt Digital Egypt for Universities Egypt Guide, Magazine, Egyptian Community and Egypt Travel, Tour and Vacation Guide ... Virtual-Egypt *INDIGENOUS* Bill's Aboriginal Links INTERNATIONAL DECADE OF THE WORLD'S INDIGENOUS PEOPLE 1995 - 2004 Indigenous Online Network:au Indigenous Peoples of the World *IRAN/PERSIA* FarsiNet Persia Net Salam Iran Homepage THE IRANIAN WEB ... The Iranian: Index *JEWISH/ISRAEL* FACTS ABOUT ISRAEL FAQ on Hasidic Culture and Customs Jewish Culture and History JewishEncyclopedia.com

59. Wired News Rambos With Rivets Internet islands The residents of the comoros islands in the Indian Ocean were hookedup to the Internet for the first time last week, thanks to a US$200,000 http://www.wired.com/news/news/culture/story/13915.html

60. MapZones.com : Comoros And Mayotte comoros Maps. comoros culture. comoros History. comoros and Mayotte, Introduction,Back to Top. comoros, independent state comprising a group of islands at the http://www.mapzones.com/world/africa/comoros_and_mayotte/index.php

Country Info Comoros Introduction Comoros General Data Comoros Maps Comoros Culture ... Comoros Time and Date Comoros and Mayotte Introduction Back to Top Comoros, independent state comprising a group of islands at the northern entrance to the Mozambique Channel, between the African mainland and the island of Madagascar. Officially called the Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros, the republic includes three islands: Njazidja (formerly known as Grande Comore), Mwali (Mohéli), and Nzwani (Anjouan). Since the republic's independence in 1975, the fourth island in the Comoros Islands archipelago, Mayotte (Mahoré), has in two referenda chosen to remain a dependency of France. The republic has an area of 1,865 sq km (720 sq mi), while the Comoros Islands group (including Mayotte) has an area of 2,171 sq km (838 sq mi). The capital of the Comoros is Moroni. Mayotte, one of the four main islands of the Comoros archipelago. It lies at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel, 320 km (200 mi) from the coast of Madagascar and 71 km (44 mi) southeast of the Comorian island of Nzwani. Mayotte is a dependency of France, with the status of a collectivité territoriale, (territorial collectivity), although sovereignty over it is claimed by the country of Comoros. The territory of Mayotte consists of three islands: the main island and two smaller adjacent islands, Pamanzi and Dzaoudzi. The capital is Mamoudzou, the largest town on the main island of Mayotte. Official Name -Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros

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