1. Co-generation Technology Cogeneration. Cogeneration is a highly efficient means of generating heat and electric power at the same time Links to biomass and co-generation energy WWW sites on the Internet http://www.newenergy.org/co-generation.html

Sustainable Energy Home Page publications organizations education ... Internet links Co-generation Cogeneration is a highly efficient means of generating heat and electric power at the same time from the same energy source. Displacing fossil fuel combustion with heat that would normally be wasted in the process of power generation, it reaches efficienciences that triple, or even quadruple, conventional power generation. Although cogeneration has been in use for nearly a century, in the mid-1980s relatively low natural gas prices made it a widely attractive alternative for new power generation. In fact, cogeneration is largely responsible for the dramatic decline of nuclear and hydraulic power plant construction that occurred in the 1980s. Cogeneration accounts for well over half of all new power plant capacity built in North America in the last decade. Cogeneration equipment can be fired by fuels other than natural gas. There are installations in operation that use wood, agricultural waste, peat moss, and a wide variety of other fuels, depending on local availability. To understand cogeneration, it is necessary to know that most conventional power generation is based on burning a fuel to produce steam. It is the pressure of the steam which actually turns the turbines and generates power, in an inherently inefficient process. Because of a basic principle of physics no more than one third of the energy of the original fuel can be converted to the steam pressure which generates electricity. Cogeneration, in contrast, makes use of the excess heat, usually in the form of relatively low-temperature steam exhausted from the power generation turbines. Such steam is suitable for a wide range of heating applications, and effectively displaces the combustion of carbon-based fuels, with all their environmental implications.

2. Towards Local Energy Systems: Revitalizing District Heating And Co-Generation In in January 1996, that it wishes to promote and support further development of cogeneration in Slovenia is recognised that with co-generation energy can be saved, the environment http://www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/reports/dh/country_studies/slov

Back to Country Studies Towards Local Energy Systems: Revitalizing District Heating and Co-Generation in Central and Eastern Europe The Development of Co-Generation in Slovenia by Hinko Solinc M. Sc., Adviser to the Government Ministry of Environment, Spatial Planning and Energy, hinko.solinc@gov.si The Government of Slovenia has stated in its Resolution on the Strategy of Energy Use and Supply of Slovenia, adopted by the National Assembly (Parliament) in January 1996, that it wishes to promote and support further development of co-generation in Slovenia. In the document it is recognised that with co-generation energy can be saved, the environment can be improved, costs can be cut and new, competitive actors can be introduced into the energy market. In quantitative terms the Resolution sets a target to double the volume of qualified power production (electric power production attaining very high efficiency or utilising waste or renewable sources in an economically and environmentally acceptable manner) by 2010. To this volume, co-generation is to contribute the main part. At the end of the 1999, the Slovenian Parliament adopted a new Energy law (Energetski zakon, Official. Gazette RS, No. 79/1999, 78/2000). The Law fundamentally changed the energy sector in Slovenia. The main choices made in the Energy law of 1999 are

3. Co-generationA Feasibility Screening Analysis Using Excel Spreadsheet CogenerationA Feasibility Screening Analysis Using Excel SpreadsheetDoanh Van, PhD one because the analysis to support the co-generation energy strategy is rather involved http://www.uu.edu/dept/engineering/maescWORD.pdf

4. Elgas Co-generation Meat (abattoirs) and some manufacturing processes require large quantities of heat and therefore provide ideal applications for cogeneration energy Systems. http://www.elgas.com.au/commercial/cogen.htm

The Benefits Reduced Fuel Cost A conventional electricity supply system is around 30% efficient with 70% waste heat loss. A co-generation system by producing both heat and power simultaneously can: increase efficiency up to 80% halve the cost of purchased electricity provide heat requirements at no additional cost displace expensive diesel fuel minimise environmental hazards from fuel spillage If a co-generation system is well matched to plant requirements for power and heat then an overall economic benefit will be obtained yielding a simple payback over 1 to 4 years. Security Of Supply Co-generation systems will also provide insurance against loss of electricity supply due to disruption by industrial action or accident. Futhermore a co-generation system can be arranged to operate in an emergency power generating mode in case of power failure. There for there is no need for investment in a non-returning diesel generating set. Finance and Operation For certain operations, Third Party Investors can arrange finance and operate co-generation systems; providing energy cost saving for no capital outlay and no additional complexity to your business operations.

5. Construction Recycling Central Receiving, Central Stores, Surplus Stores, Compost, cogeneration energy Plant Recycling Information. May 2003 to January 2004. Materials Mix http://www.wsu.edu/recycle/energyplant.html

Washington State University Home Co-Generation Energy Plant Recycling Information May 2003 to January 2004 Materials Mix: Cardboard Metal Wood 2.2 tons 11.9 tons 13.3 tons Contact us: recycle@wsu.edu Accessibility Policies WSU Recycling , PO Box 641101, Washington State University , Pullman, WA, 99164-6310 USA

6. (BDL) - Bradley International Airport - Press Release - November 4, 2002 cogeneration energy PLANT FULLY OPERATIONAL ON NOVEMBER 1, 2002. WINDSOR LOCKS, Connecticut — Friday, November 1, 2002 — As http://www.bradleyairport.com/handi/grow/press/110402.shtml

Quick Links HOME SITE MAP THE RIGHT FLIGHTS Passenger Airlines -Major Airlines -Regional Airlines Terminal Maps -Terminal A -Terminal B -East Concourse Nonstop Service Flight Schedules Track A Flight Executive Clubs NORTHEAST'S FRONT DOOR Weather Visitor Information Accommodations Attractions EASY IN / OUT Airport Services Parking Options Ground Transportation AT YOUR SERVICE Special Needs Cargo Services / Concessions Brochures Travel Resources SEE BRADLEY GROW Construction News Bradley News Bradley History CONTACT BRADLEY Directory Employment FAQs CO-GENERATION ENERGY PLANT FULLY OPERATIONAL ON NOVEMBER 1, 2002 The co-generation plan was designed and constructed by Select Energy, Inc., of Natick, Massachusetts, which is a subsidiary of Northeast Utilities, with total construction costs being $10.9 million. As part of the 20-year agreement, Select Energy will operate and maintain the energy plant. The new co-generation plant at Bradley is estimated to save the Airport $4 million over the life of the agreement. Bradley International Airport is the second largest airport in New England. For more information regarding Bradley, go to the website at

7. News Simple environmental solutions for the complicated transportation industry. cogeneration energy Plan Opens At Bradley International. November 01, 2002. http://www.transource.org/news/news.htm?news_ID=402

8. Co-generation - World-Wide Web Virtual Library Cogeneration Association. energy Savings Potential for Cogeneration in cogeneration with thermal energy storage. Although commonly in Europe, thermal energy storage has not been http://www.energy.rochester.edu/cogen

Cogeneration CHP Challenge sponsored by DOE's office of Industrial Technologies. College and University Cogeneration Plants in the US and Canada. Midwest Cogeneration Association Energy Savings Potential for Cogeneration in the United States The Barriers to Combined Heat and Power in Europe Cogeneration Buyers Guide ... A report on using cogeneration with thermal energy storage. Although commonly used in Europe, thermal energy storage has not been widely used with cogeneration in the United States. General Description: Cogeneration is the simultaneous production of heat and power in a single thermodynamic process. Almost all cogeneration utilizes hot air and steam for the process fluid, although certain types of fuel cells also cogenerate. History: Hot-air cogeneration, which is found in modern combustion turbines, can be traced back to medieval smokejacks. Steam cogeneration was first applied to the steamjack, which appeared in the early seventeenth century. By the late eighteenth century, waste steam from manufacturing processes was used to power steam engines, and the hot condenser water was used again for other process purposes. A complete history of cogeneration will be included here. Current Applications: Cogeneration today is widely used throughout the world for efficient production of heat and power. A

9. Energy Systems Group Comprehensive services for lighting, HVAC, water, compressed air, boilers, chillers, energy management systems, cogeneration, and distributed generation. http://www.energysg.com/index.html

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10. Transparent Energy Systems Pvt. Ltd. Manufacturer of 96% Superefficient Boilers, Ammonia Absorption refrigeration Plants, Thermic Fluid Heaters/Hot Air Generators. Waste Heat Recovery Boilers, co-generation Systems, Water Recycling, Spray/Flash, and Fluid Bed Dryers. http://www.tespl.com

11. Pourslo International Development Inc. energy conservation and cogeneration are Pourslo's long-term strategies. Forest industry, agriculture and city waste by-products and residues are PID's primary sources of renewables for power generation. http://www.pourslo.com

12. Cogeneration And On-site Power Production - From James & James - Cogeneration,co and suppliers cogeneration,co-generation,cogen,combined heat archaeology, architecture, cogeneration, electrical and product compliance, energy efficient and http://www.jxj.com/magsandj/cospp/

Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production O N- L INE M AGAZINE Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production IS PUBLISHED BY In association with C OGENERATION O N-LINE N EWS Denmark to Renationalize Transmission Grid Denmark is to renationalize its power transmission grid to allow fairer access conditions to wind and distributed generation more... Regulator Removes Barriers to UK Distributed Generation UK energy regulator Ofgem and the Government's Department of Trade and Industry have published the second annual report of the Distributed Generation Co-ordination Group (DGCG), which shows that at least half of the 24 barriers to the development of small-scale distributed generation (DG) identified by the DGCG when it was founded have been removed more... Large New Portable Lathe From ESG The Switzerland-based on-site machining services company Energy Services Group has added a large new portable lathe to its range of on-site tooling designed for the on-site repair and refurbishment of turbines and generators worldwide more...

13. EOO - Energy - Co-Generation EKAS SITES - energy - co-generation. SEE ALSO Construction; Other energy; Environment - General U.S. Alabama. energy - Renewable - co-generation - International. INTGOV ASEAN COGEN http://www.ekas.org/sites/ener_cog.html

EKAS SITES - Energy - Co-Generation SEE ALSO: Construction ; Other ENERGY; Environment - General - NGO/NPO Environment - General - Products/Services International Non-U.S. Germany Japan New Zealand The Netherlands ... Alabama Energy - Renewable - Co-Generation - International INTGOV ASEAN COGEN Programme "Â identifies and promotes business opportunities for the implementation of Clean Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration by facilitating Business between ASEAN Industries and EUROPEAN Suppliers." Founded: 1991. Located: Various, International. INTTA COGEN Europe "Â is the European Association for the Promotion of cogeneration. Its membership includes more than 190 power companies, power authorities and companies involved in cogeneration in 30 countries." Located: Unknown. INTTA "Â is the international association for district heating, cooling and combined heat and power (CHP)." Located: Brussels, Belgium. INTTA International District Energy Association (IDEA) "Â represents over 900 members who are district heating and cooling executives, managers, engineers, consultants and equipment suppliers from 20 countries." Founded: 1909. Located: Westborough, MA. INTPNP World Alliance for Decentalized Energy (WADE) "Â goal is to secure for its Members the wider worldwide use of highly efficient cogeneration and decentralized energy (DE) systems." Located: Edinburgh, UK.

14. District Energy systems present an opportunity for cogeneration or generation of Sustainable energy Home Page Internet links top Biomass cogeneration energy Services http://www.newenergy.org/dist_energy.html

Sustainable Energy Home Pag e publications organizations education ... Internet links District Energy in Canada District Energy, also known as District heating and cooling, is the technology for providing heating (and possibly other forms of energy) from a central plant to multiple users. The most common district energy technology originally used piped steam to distribute the energy, but nowadays lower pressure hot water in flexible plastic piping can be u sed effectively to distribute heating and cooling energy. District energy can save money for the users, conserve resources, reduce pollution, and open up many options for flexible and sustainable energy solutions in the future. District energy has a num ber of advantages over energy systems that serve only one user: Central plants tend to be much more efficient than many small plants, so energy consumption is reduced Central plants have to meet strict emission standards, so environmental effect s are better controlled than with many smaller units District energy removes combustion equipment from buildings, saving space in the buildings, and removing a real source of possible indoor air quality contamination. District energy systems can be flexible-fueled, which means they can burn whatever fuel is most economical and/or environmentally sound at the time.

15. Congressman Sherwood Boehlert to heat homes, microcogeneration energy technology will for energy Efficiency and Renewable energy David Garman and help grow the co-generation project here http://www.house.gov/boehlert/energybill03.htm

IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT : Melissa Carlson April 3, 2003 BOEHLERT ENERGY BILL APPROVED BY SCIENCE COMMITTEE Legislation Would Decrease Dependence on Foreign Oil, Promote Job Creation and Increase Clean-Energy Research Across Central New York WASHINGTON, D.C. -more- "Thanks to Congressman Boehlert’s leadership, SUNY IT is poised to expand its position as the region’s science and technology research center," said Dr. Mason H. Somerville, president of SUNYIT. "As Dr. Orbach said when he visited our campus in December, we have the right people and we’re on the right track. We look forward to even greater opportunities for research partnerships that will ultimately benefit the Mohawk Valley, New York State, and the entire nation." “Chairman Boehlert is to be congratulated for putting forward this comprehensive energy legislation,” said Peter Smith Acting President of the New York State Energy Research & Development Authority (NYSERDA). America needs the strong commitment to research and development and energy efficiency that this bill encompasses, and New York, under Governor Patkai’s leadership, looks forward to working with the Department of Energy and others to help develop the next generation of technology that can help secure our energy future." Press Releases Home

16. Cogeneration, Combined Heat & Power, District Heating & Cooling Doubling cogeneration A Productive Idea. By the html . Combined Heat and Power Capturing Wasted energy. By htm . A Guide To Cogeneration. By http://www.ecoiq.com/onlineresources/anthologies/energy/cogen.html

Anthologies Home Sustainability Land Air ... Built Environment Doubling Co-Generation A Productive Idea By the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy http://www.ecoiq.com/magazine/opinion/opinion22.html Combined Heat and Power: Capturing Wasted Energy By R. Neal Elliott and Mark Spurr http://www.aceee.org/pubs/ie983.htm A Guide To Cogeneration By the European Association for the Promotion of Cogeneration http://www.cogen.org/Downloadables/Projects/EDUCOGEN_Cogen_Guide.pdf Cogeneration or Combined Heat and Power By Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Clearinghouse (EREC) http://www.eren.doe.gov/consumerinfo/refbriefs/ea6.html Evaluating Cogeneration For Your Facility By Buildings.com http://www.buildings.com/Articles/detail.asp?ArticleID=1122 The Market and Technical Potential for Combined Heat and Power in the Industrial Sector By ONSITE SYCOM Energy Corporation http://www.eren.doe.gov/der/chp/pdfs/eiaind.pdf The Market and Technical Potential for Combined Heat and Power in the Commercial/Institutional Sector By ONSITE SYCOM Energy Corporation http://www.eren.doe.gov/der/chp/pdfs/eiacom.pdf

17. Agriculture And The Environment - Energy Co-Generation From Agricultural And Mun energy cogeneration from Agricultural and Municipal Waste (ECOAMUW). Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) has received funding http://www.agr.gc.ca/policy/environment/prog_08_e.phtml

Energy Co-Generation from Agricultural and Municipal Waste (ECOAMUW) Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) has received funding from the Technology Innovation component of Climate Change Action Plan 2000 to mitigate net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture while improving production efficiency and resource conservation. This program will be implemented in collaboration between government and industry. The main objective of this program is to establish model demonstration pilot plants over four years (2002 - 2006) for energy co-generation from the use of agricultural and municipal wastes. The program shall be implemented and delivered by a Project Authority at AAFC under the guidance and advice of a Steering Committee consisting of individuals with related scientific, technical and industrial expertise. For further information please contact: Carlos M. Monreal Email: monrealc@agr.gc.ca phone: (613) 759-1053 Bruce Beattie Email: beattieb@telusplanet.net phone: (403) 638-3765 Top Date Modified: 2003-08-01 Important Notices Contact Us Help Search ... Site Index

18. NYSERDA - FlexTech Consultants and simulations, commissioning, cogeneration/peak shaving Select energy Services, Albany, Syracuse HVAC, boilers, chillers, cogeneration, lighting systems http://www.nyserda.org/flextechconsultants.html

FLEXTECH CONSULTANTS AND THEIR FIELDS OF EXPERTISE If you are in need of FlexTech, please fill out the Referral Form 36kb .pdf ) and submit to Jaime Ritchey, jrr@nyserda.org ; fax 518-862-1091 or phone toll-free 1-866NYSERDA, ext. 3517 Aramark, Albany, New York City - Comprehensive energy management, energy procurement strategies, utility master planning, demand-side management, co-generation, retro-commissioning, HVAC system diagnostics, design review, boiler and chiller plant optimization, and building commissioning. AWS Scientific, Albany - Wind and solar energy systems, project planning, feasibility studies, resource assessment and siting, economic and financial analysis, system design and optimization, interconnection and costing studies, project development and support services, training, performance evaluation and environmental services. C.J. Brown Energy, Cheektowaga - Heat transfer and recovery, building systems, motors, boilers, refrigeration, industrial process, and process separation technologies. Environmental engineering, HVAC, process heating and cooling, boilers, chillers, pumps, controls, lighting, and renewable energy.

19. Climate And Energy Action Network - Sector Specifics cogeneration The Issue. Cogeneration themselves. Cogeneration is thus the most important way to improve efficiency in energy production. http://www.e-parl.net/energy/specifics/cogen.htm

Take Action Highlights Campaigns Success ... Online Learn More Climate- Energy Link Why Energy Efficiency? ... be done? Action Network Mission Legislators Experts and Staff ... Contact Join and Support Legislators: Join Everyone: Support our ... Co-generation Climate and Energy Action Network Print Version Home Climate and Energy Take Action Learn More ... Network Join and Support Co-generation: The Issue Cogeneration of heat and power (CHP) is a relatively straightforward way of saving some of the 40 - 70 % excess heat traditionally wasted in power generation plants. It is done by channeling it into the heating or cooling of buildings, or into the production processes themselves. Cogeneration is thus the most important way to improve efficiency in energy production. The Obstacles The Solutions Previous Page Next Page

20. Towards Local Energy Systems: Revitalizing District Heating And Co-Generation In Eastern Europe. Restructuring district heating and cogeneration in the economies in transition towards local energy systems by Dr http://www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/reports/dh/restructuring/restru

Four Questions Raised 1. What are we talking of? 2. What is the Problem? 3. What Solutions are being put into Practice? ... 4. What remains to be done? Towards Local Energy Systems: Revitalizing District Heating and Co-Generation in Central and Eastern Europe Restructuring district heating and co-generation in the economies in transition: towards local energy systems by Dr. Klaus Brendow, World Energy Council, Geneva, London substituting for Witold Cherubin MSc. Mech. Eng., Warsaw, Energy Regulatory Authority, General Rapporteur Four Questions Raised What are we talking of? What is the problem? What solutions are being put into practice? What remains to be done? 1. What are we talking of? "A quantitative achievement in global terms!" on the users' side: on the producers' side: IEA, Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 1989-1999; ditto of OECD Countries and 2. What is the problem? "A crisis in terms of efficiency, profitability and sustainability" DH/CHP in CEE is generally (exceptions!) inefficient losses in heat transportation and distribution: 30 - 60 %, in buildings: 20 - 40 % , total 45 % and more, in addition to losses in generation outdated equipment, overextended networks, overcapacities

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