101. Climate Change And Greenhouse Gases Article reviews scientific understanding of the issue of greenhouse gases and climate change, as presented in peerreviewed publications. This understanding serves as the underlying basis of the American Geophysical Union's position statement of December 1998. http://www.agu.org/eos_elec/99148e.html

Vol. 80, No. 39, September 28, 1999, p. 453. Climate Change and Greenhouse Gases Authors Tamara S. Ledley, Eric T. Sundquist, Stephen E. Schwartz, Dorothy K. Hall, Jack D. Fellows, and Timothy L. Killeen For more information, contact Tamara S. Ledley, TERC, 2067 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02140 USA; E-mail: Tamara_Ledley@terc.edu. Infrared (IR) active gases, principally water vapor (H O), carbon dioxide (CO ), and ozone (O Henderson-Sellers and Robinson Kellogg Peixoto and Oort The AGU Council approved a position statement on Climate Change and Greenhouse Gases in December 1998. The statement and a short summary of the procedures that were followed in its preparation, review, and adoption were published in the February 2, 1999, issue of Eos (p. 49) [AGU, 1999, also at AGU's Web site: http://www.agu.org/sci_soc/policy/climate_change.html ]. The present article reviews scientific understanding of this issue, as presented in peer-reviewed publications. This understanding serves as the underlying basis of the position statement. Greenhouse Gases and the Earth-Atmosphere Energy Balance The principal greenhouse gas concentrations that have increased over the industrial period are carbon dioxide (CO ), methane (CH

102. EUROPA - Environment - Climate Change climate Change. The European Union is at the forefront of internationalefforts to combat climate change, one of the greatest environmental http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/climat/home_en.htm

en EUROPA European Commission Environment Policies ... Resources Climate Change The European Union is at the forefront of international efforts to combat climate change, one of the greatest environmental and economic threats facing the planet and a top policy priority for Environment Commissioner Margot Wallström. The Earth’s average surface temperature rose by around 0.6°C during the 20th century and evidence is getting stronger that most of the global warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, which cause emissions of carbon dioxide (CO ) and other 'greenhouse' gases. The EU wants all industrialised countries to take urgent action to reduce or limit their future greenhouse gas emissions in view of the consensus projection by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that global average surface temperatures will rise by 1.4-5.8°C by the end of this century if ‘business as usual’ continues. This temperature increase could trigger serious consequences for humanity and other life forms alike, including a rise in sea levels of an estimated 9-88 cm over the period that could flood coastal areas and small islands, and greater frequency and severity of extreme weather events. The latest monitoring data indicate that the European Union has delivered on its long-standing commitment to stabilise emissions of carbon dioxide (CO

103. ClimateArk -- Climate Change Portal climate change news information portal and archive dedicated to promoting policy that addresses Global climate Change through reductions in carbon emissions, energy conservation, alternative energy sources and ending deforestation. http://www.ClimateArk.org/

ClimateArk Climate Change Portal The ClimateArk is a Climate Change Portal and Search Engine dedicated to promoting public policy that addresses global climate change through reductions in carbon dioxide and other emissions, renewable energy, energy conservation and ending deforestation. The ClimateArk is for non- commercial, educational purposes only and use signifies acceptance of this Privacy Statement Menu: Home Search News Links News Archive ... Climate Change News Links news w/ summaries View: All Renewable Energy Good News Top Stories More ... Global warming: has the meltdown begun? , Green Left Weekly Carbon Dioxide Traders Set for Summit , Associated Press China Pledges to Use More Alternatives to Oil and Coal , New York Times Is the world's oil running out fast? , BBC New Land Use Standards Offset Global Warming With Sensitivity , Environment News Service Russia Seen Ratifying Kyoto in 2004 - UNEP Head , Reuters The Age of Renewables Has Arrived , Environment News Service UN sounds climate alarm World Bank on horns of dilemma , San Francisco Chronicle Climatologists brave bergs for core data , Nature Seven States Urge Bush Action on Tennessee Valley Pollution , Environment News Service Oil-patch veteran to head conservation fund , Globe and Mail Archives Climate Change Newsfeed - about news syndication Search for: On the : Internet Archive/This Site

104. Potsdam Institute For Climate Impact Research climate Policy The Need for European Leadership The European climate Forum (ECF)calls for new initiatives to exploit the full potential of emissions trading http://www.pik-potsdam.de/

Deutsch Climate Policy - The Need for European Leadership The European Climate Forum (ECF) calls for new initiatives to exploit the full potential of emissions trading. Statement on EU Emissions Trading 27 climatologists from Germany, Austria and Switzerland confirm in a common statement the urgent necessity for climate protection measures. (German version only) Long Science Night On 12 June 2004 PIK opens its doors to the public in order to present research results in lectures, experiments, guided tours and exhibitions. More than a hundred institutes in Berlin and Potsdam will take part in the "Long Science Night". (German version only) The staff of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research deeply regret the death of our colleague of many years, Gerd Bruschek, who died on 19th May. Member of the Leibniz Association

105. OCCAM Home Page The OCCAM project has developed two high resolution (1/4 and 1/8 degree) models of the World Ocean including the Arctic Ocean and marginal seas such as the Mediterranean. The project is being carried out by researchers at the Southampton Oceanography Centre in collaboration with colleagues from the Universities of East Anglia and Edinburgh. http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/JRD/OCCAM/

OCCAM Home Page Prev Next Topics: James Rennell Division Large scale modelling OCCAM 1/12th OCCAM Model ... The FRAM Atlas The OCCAM global ocean model The OCCAM project has developed several high resolution models of the World Ocean - including the Arctic Ocean and marginal seas such as the Mediterranean. Some early results from our highest resolution (1/12th degree) global model are available in poster form . The information on this page refers chiefly to our earlier, 1/4 and 1/8th degree global models. The project is being carried out by researchers at the Southampton Oceanography Centre in collaboration with colleagues from the Universities of East Anglia and Edinburgh. A selection of animation sequences from the model are available for viewing (using quicktime and mpeg formats). Two 4 Mb Quicktime movies which show the global ocean surface temperature field can be downloaded. More detailed mpeg sequences, each covering a smaller area, may be selected via the OCCAM area selector . Features of special interest are : Eddies in the Agulhas retroflection and Mozambique Channel region Loop current eddies in the Gulf of Mexico Regular eddies in the Celebes Sea/Mindanao region Data from the OCCAM model can be requested using the OCCAM data selector . This runs a JAVA applet which allows the user to request data from an area of interest. People using the facility should ensure that the current internet browser they are running will display JAVA applets. The system is currently under development so only a limited amount of data is available via this route.

106. Cities For Climate Protection Home Page Cities for climate Protection Campaign Welcome to Cities for climate Protection TM. CCPPublications list of climate-related publications available from ICLEI. http://www.iclei.org/co2/

Search: Welcome to Cities for Climate Protection TM Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) is a campaign of the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives ( ICLEI ). The CCP is a performance-oriented campaign that offers a framework for local governments to develop a strategic agenda to reduce global warming and air pollution emissions , with the benefit of improving community livability. Five hundred local governments are participating the Campaign, representing 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, and the numbers are growing. About the CCP Background Climate Change and Local Governments International Recognition of the CCP Current Activities (in ICLEI’s Initiatives Newsletter) Participants in the CCP Regional Campaigns CCP Australia CCP Africa CCP Canada (Partners for Climate Protection) CCP Europe CCP Italy CCP UK, Climate Protection Programme CCP Mexico ... CCP South America Projects/Programs Green Fleets Program Conferences October 2002: Eighth Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.   Summary of Proceedings 236KB, pdf format

107. NOAA Home Page - Climate An old saying expresses the thought that climate is what you expect, weather iswhat you get. But what can we expect from the climate of the United States http://www.noaa.gov/climate.html

Tue June 08 2004 Home Contacts Media Search ... People Locator Home Page Menu Air Quality Aviation Charts Climate Coasts Contacts Diving Drought Fire Weather Fisheries Floods Hurricanes Jobs Lightning Meet the Administrator Navigation Ocean NOAA Leadership Past Weather Question of the Month Research Satellites Search this site Site Map Solar and Space Tornadoes Tsunamis Turtles Volcanoes Weather Whales Past Weather Information An old saying expresses the thought that "climate is what you expect, weather is what you get." But what can we expect from the climate of the United States, and the whole world, in the coming decade—or even in the next millennium? As all life on Earth depends on a favorable climate to survive, that's an important question, a question that researchers at NOAA are trying to answer. Climate-At-A-Glance Search 108 years of archived weather data for the United States. Drought Termination and Amelioration NOAA calculates how much precipitation it will take to end droughts across the USA.

108. City Climate Graphs @ Free-Weather.com Provides city climate statistics on average temperatures, rainfall, relative humidity, windspeeds, number of clear days and the percentage of days with sunshine for each month. Includes cities around the world. http://www.free-weather.com

Home Sign-Up for Free Graphs! Contact Us Free-Weather.com's Climate Graphs provides city climate statistics on average temperatures, rainfall, relative humidity, windspeeds, number of clear days and the percentage of days with sunshine for each month. This information is helpful in choosing the right time of the year to visit a destination or if you are considering moving, it's useful in determining what kind of weather to expect year around. Select a region on the map to begin. Webmasters: Have Free Climate Graphs for your website. Central America Top Belize Costa Rica El Salvador ... Panama The Caribbean Top Antigua Bahamas Barbados ... Trinidad and Tobago South America Top Argentina Bolivia Brazil ... Venezuela Europe Top Albania Austria Belarus ... United Kingdom Africa Top Algeria Angola Benin ... Zimbabwe The Middle East Top Bahrain Iran Iraq ... Yemen Asia Top Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan ... Uzbekistan Far-East Asia Top China Japan North Korea ... Taiwan South-East Asia Top Cambodia Indonesia Laos ... Vietnam Indian Sub-Continent Top Bangladesh India Maldives ... Sri Lanka Oceania Top Australia Fiji Kiribati ... Vanuatu Sign-In You need to sign-in to get the code to add climate graphs to your web site: account number: Sign-Up!

109. Climate Action Network Europe, Brussels, Belgium Environmental NGO Working On Cl climate Action Network Europe is a non profit organisation, coordination officeworking on climate change issues in Europe. International climate Symbol. http://www.climnet.org/

Home Policy Work Publications and Data Calendar ... Search Climate Action Network Europe asbl Last updated: European Policy ECCP Emissions Trading NAPs Linking directive ... European Networks International Policy COPs Kyoto Ratification CDM/JI Compliance et al ... Equity Links Development/Adaptation Climate Technologies F-gas Emissions Hydrogen and Fuel Cells What's new What YOU can do about climate change Press Releases Commissioner de Palacio wins Climate Killer Award - PR. CAN-Europe's newsletter Don't be a fossil:fight climate change! - 10 demands paper, FoE Anger as Palacio Frustates Green Power Plans, Press Statement by FoEE Letter to Mr Prodi, President of the European Commission, re EU Renewable Energy Targets. The Linking Directive: Member States must now tighten a weak European deal Dino in Brussels Friends of the Earth Letter to Ms Margot Wallstrom, Commissioner for the Environment re REC2004 For Mother Earth Letter to a selection of European Environment Ministers, re REC2004 ... SI A KYOTO Greenpeace Campaign Position paper The Directive linking the EU greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme with the Kyoto project mechanisms - NGO briefing on negotiations with Council for a First Reading agreement World Bank: stop financing oil, gas and mining!

110. NOAA Paleoclimatology Program - Orbital Variations And Milankovitch Theory NOAA Paleoclimatology Program educational material concerning the Milankovitch theory, which explains changes in the seasons as a result of changes in the earth's orbit around the sun. http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov:80/paleo/milankovitch.html

Astronomical Theory of Climate Change What is The Milankovitch Theory? The Milankovitch or astronomical theory of climate change is an explanation for changes in the seasons which result from changes in the earth's orbit around the sun. The theory is named for Serbian astronomer Milutin Milankovitch, who calculated the slow changes in the earth's orbit by careful measurements of the position of the stars, and through equations using the gravitational pull of other planets and stars. He determined that the earth "wobbles" in its orbit. The earth's "tilt" is what causes seasons, and changes in the tilt of the earth change the strength of the seasons. The seasons can also be accentuated or modified by the eccentricity (degree of roundness) of the orbital path around the sun, and the precession effect, the position of the solstices in the annual orbit. What does The Milankovitch Theory say about future climate change? Orbital changes occur over thousands of years, and the climate system may also take thousands of years to respond to orbital forcing. Theory suggests that the primary driver of ice ages is the total summer radiation received in northern latitude zones where major ice sheets have formed in the past, near 65 degrees north. Past ice ages correlate well to 65N summer insolation (Imbrie 1982). Astronomical calculations show that 65N summer insolation should increase gradually over the next 25,000 years, and that no 65N summer insolation declines sufficient to cause an ice age are expected in the next 100,000 years

111. Climate Care - Creating The Right Atmosphere Restoring Rainforests Protecting the climate and helping primates. Twoways you can help repair the damage you cause to the climate http://www.co2.org/

var nw=window.open("/javascript/testforpopup.cfm", "popuptest", "width=300,height=300,left=10000,top=10000,toolbar=false,status=false,menuBar=false,scrollBars=false,resizable=false"); Lightening the load in South Africa Efficient lighting for householders What's Cooking in Bangladesh? Efficient stoves to reduce emissions Restoring Rainforests Protecting the climate and helping primates Community Hydro-Electric Scheme Clean, fresh water to replace coal as an energy source Switch to The Phone Co-op to save money on your telephone calls and we'll offset an extra 1 tonne of CO2 for every £100 you spend. More Buy a holiday to selected destinations from British Airways Holidays and be given the chance to offset the emissions from your flight More Two ways you can help repair the damage you cause to the climate: Offset the carbon dioxide you produce with our CO Calculators Buy products and services with Climate Care "built-in". Home Page carbon offset carbon offsets co2 offset ... air travel calculator

112. ClimUSA Project: Resolving The Dilemma Of Subway Airflow In Urban Climate Research activities with a particular focus on air exchange in and out of the subway system. http://www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/climusa/projny.html

Resolving the dilemma of subway airflow in urban climate. By Dr. Andreas Pflitsch Peter Combs Department of Geography, Hunter College of the City University of New York Dieses Dokument ist auch in deutsch erhältlich. Abstract New York City needs a better understanding of how air mixes between subterranean, street-level and regional airflow. Important quality of life issues, including everyday pulmonary health and even occasional emergency conditions depend upon this understanding. Accordingly, an international team of urban climatologists is focused on this complex exchange of air. In this preliminary study, hypotheses are put forward, a method is developed and tested, data is charted and analyzed, and results are scrutinized for meaningful lessons. Initial results show the efficacy of our methodology and the urgency for an expanded study. Introduction and background This paper begins with basics because climatologists and engineers know little about subways as a component of urban climate. Understanding the ventilation of the subway system is important because dilution of stale, subway air is dependent on (1) the rate and (2) the volume of air exchanged with street-level air. Subterranean ventilation is a function of momentum (wind speed x vent size x duration) and divided into (1) passive (somewhat effective) and (2) active (less-than effective) mixing with street-level air, as distinguished below: Two major sub-components of subway station and tube ventilation:

113. High Plains Regional Climate Center Current climate Summary Maps climate and Weather Clearinghouse. Nebraska Weather andclimate Information. Lincoln, NE Weather and climate Information. About HPRCC. http://hprcc.unl.edu/

HPRCC supports a three-tiered national climate services support program. The partners include: National Climatic Data Center Regional Climate Centers , and State Climate Offices Online Full Service AWDN ... education High Plains Regional Climate Center School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska - Lincoln 236 L.W. Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0728 Phone : 402-472-6706, Fax : 402-472-6614 Send us email. © 2004 High Plains Regional Climate Center

114. [SafeClimate] For Business Your source of tools, news, and information for individuals and organizationsto take action to combat global warming and climate change. http://www.safeclimate.net/

A joint project of the World Resources Institute and the Center for Environmental Leadership in Business , dedicated to helping business of all sizes understand and take action on climate change. What's Happening Find out which environmental groups are working with business on climate change WRI publishes telework guide Search SafeClimate SafeClimate for Business details all the necessary steps for taking action on climate change, as well as additional information and resources to help businesses formulate a climate strategy. We also encourage you to contact us at businessinfo@safeclimate.net with additional questions. A collaboration between the World Resources Institute and the Center for Environmental Leadership in Business info@safeclimate.net A project of the World Resources Institute Introduction About Partners ... Site map Download Working 9 to 5 on Climate Change

115. CNCCP - PNCCC Created to inform Canadians about the process of developing a national implementation strategy on climate change. Provides information, news and resources. http://www.nccp.ca/

116. Phanerozoic Climates Research Project Paleoclimatology research at the University of Arizona. http://www.geo.arizona.edu/Paleoclimate/

117. Interactive Weather Satellite Imagery Viewers From NASA GHCC GOES weather satellite imagery courtesy of the Global Hydrology and climateCenter at NASA Marshall Space Flight in Huntsville Alabama. http://www.ghcc.msfc.nasa.gov/GOES/

Derived Products from GOES East Interactive Global Geostationary Weather Satellite Images Select a weather satellite image map to view data from that sensor Weather Satellite Imagery for North America from GOES East. 1 km Visible Infrared Water Vapor Satellite Pictures for Pacific Ocean and North America from GOES West. 1 km Visible Infrared Water Vapor North and South America, Atlantic, and East Pacific Satellite Weather Imagery from GOES-East. Visible Infrared Water Vapor Caribbean and West Atlantic Hurricane Region from GOES East. Visible Infrared Water Vapor GOES East Full Disk Pictures. Visible Infrared Water Vapor Satellite imagery of Europe, Africa, the Middle East and Atlantic Ocean from METEOSAT-7. Visible Infrared Water Vapor Global Geostationary Weather Satellite Composite Global Infrared Mosaic Global Water Vapor Mosaic GOES-East CONUS: [North America 1 km Visible] [North America Infrared] [North America Water Vapor] Atlantic Hurricane Region: [Visible] [Infrared] [Water Vapor] GOES-East Full Disk: [Visible] [Infrared] [Water Vapor] GMS-5: [Visible] [Infrared] [Water Vapor] METEOSAT-7: [Visible] [Infrared] [Water Vapor] Composite: [Global Infrared Mosaic] [Global Water Vapor Mosaic] Where are sites with weather satellite imagery?

118. CNN.com - Nature - EU Agrees On Tough Stance Before Climate Change Talks - Novem CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/11/08/climate.eu.reut/index.html

nature Editions myCNN Video ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web NATURE TOP STORIES New hurdles hamper Galapagos oil spill cleanup Insight, Prius lead the hybrid-powered fleet Picture: Indonesia's Merapi volcano erupts MORE TOP STORIES Up to 2,000 killed in India quake; fear of aftershocks spreads Clinton aide denies reports of White House vandalism New hurdles hamper Galapagos oil-spill cleanup Two more Texas fugitives will contest extradition ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. Enter your address: document.write(' '); Or: Get a free e-mail account E-MAIL DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: AsiaNow Svenska Norge Danmark ... Italian FASTER ACCESS: europe japan TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: more networks transcripts SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: CNN e-store EU agrees on tough stance before climate change talks November 8, 2000

119. Climate Information Provides Australian climate information and services of the Bureau ofMeteorology. Weather Territory Tasmania. climate Information. The http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/

Weather: National Victoria NSW ACT ... Tasmania Climate Information Seasonal Outlooks Australian Maps including maps of recent rainfall and temperature, GMS satellite imagery archive, daily weather map archive, daily sea surface temperature map archive, daily global solar radiation map archive, monthly NDVI maps Atmospheric Circulation Patterns Drought Climate Change How Climate Affects Us ... SILO Commonwealth of Australia 2004, Bureau of Meteorology (ABN 92 637 533 532) Please note the and statements relating to the use of the information on this site and our site Privacy and Accessibility Acknowledgement notice relating to the use of information on this site.

120. Towards Climate Stability In The 21st Century Reduce the effects of your own carbon dioxide auto emissions by paying for countermeasures. http://www.climatesafe.com/

ClimateSafe certification is devoted to the promotion of Renewable Energy systems and the promise of a sustainable tomorrow. ClimateSafe certification enables consumers to enjoy goods and services that have little or no impact on Global Warming. Click here for an overview of the program. Click here to skip overview and start participating in a ClimateSafe tomorrow! ClimateSafe certification available through the

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