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         Chinook Indians Native Americans:     more detail
  1. Chinook Indians (Native Americans) by Suzanne Morgan Williams, 2003-06
  2. Chinook Indians (Native Peoples) by Pamela Ross, 1998-12
  3. The Chinook Indians: Traders of the Lower Columbia River (Civilization of the American Indian Series) by Robert H. Ruby, John A. Brown, 1988-02
  4. The Chinook (Indians of North America) by Clifford Trafzer, 1989-12
  5. Chinook Texts by Franz Boas, 2008-02-21
  6. The Boy Who Lived with the Seals by Rafe Martin, 1993-04-21
  7. Tribes of Native America - Chinook (Tribes of Native America)
  8. The Chinook People (Native Peoples) by Pamela Ross, 1999-01
  9. People of The Dalles: The Indians of Wascopam Mission (Studies in the Anthropology of North Ame) by Robert Boyd, 1996-04-01
  10. Naked Against the Rain: The People of the Lower Columbia River 1770-1830 by Rick Rubin, 1999-09
  11. When Bear Stole the Chinook
  12. When the River Ran Wild! Indian Traditions on the Mid-Columbia and the Warm Springs Reservation by George W. Sr. Aguilar, 2005-06-30
  13. Circle Within a Circle by Monte Killingsworth, 1994-05-01
  14. Boston Jane: The Claim (Boston Jane) by Jennifer L. Holm, 2004-03

61. Native American Languages
Tewas Wawa The chinook Jargon Voice. one of the most widely used North American Nativelanguages The Stockbridge Munsee Tribe of Mohican indians page includes a
http://www.plumsite.com/palace/native.htm
Native American Language Resources
Languages listed alphabetically. Updated
General:
Blackfoot
Cherokee
Chinook
Cree
  • Cree Language Course and Information. Cree is a Native language spoken in central and eastern Canada and is one of the most widely used North American Native languages.

62. Wauu.DE: Society: Ethnicity: Indigenous People: Native Americans: History
http//home.flash.net/~kma/. chinook Indian Enigmatic Tribe of the First AmericanForefathers Biographies, pictures and quotations from native American leaders
http://www.wauu.de/Society/Ethnicity/Indigenous_People/Native_Americans/History/
Home Society Ethnicity Indigenous People ... Native Americans : History Search DMOZ-Verzeichnis:
All Categories Categories Onlye
Links:
  • A Brief History of Oklahoma
    A series of articles dealing with all aspects of the state's history, including the prehistoric native tribes, as well as those who were compelled to migrate and settle the Indian Territory.
    http://www.rootsweb.com/~oknowata/OklaHist.htm
  • A Tribute to the Native People
    A collection of short articles on American history from a native perspective. Includes historical photographs, art and artifacts.
    http://www.BTigerlily.net/BTnative.html
  • American Indian Kids
    Historical look at Native Americans for kids, ages 6-10. Emphasizes Indian family and community life.
    http://minnow.net/
  • American Indian Policy Center Provides government leaders, policy makers, and the public with accurate information about the legal and political history of American Indian nations, and the contemporary situation for American Indians. http://www.airpi.org/
  • American Indian Tribe Portal site intended to aid web users in research on the historical background of many Native American tribes. http://www.americanindiantribe.com/

63. Summyr Wyatt
originally told by native informants to an amateur ethnologist in the early partof the century. 18. Trafzer, Clifford E. chinook (indians of North America).
http://courses.washington.edu/tande/col/summyr.htm
Summyr Wyatt
Summyr Wyatt
Proposal for research paper
Indian Fishing Tribes of the lower Columbia River Bibliography Attwell, Jim. Tahmahnaw, The Bridge of the Gods. Tahlkie Books, Skamania, Washington. 1973. A book which depicts the Columbia River Gorge from a mythical point of view as they have been told by Native Americans of the region throughout time. Barsh, Russel L. The Washington Fishing Rights Controversy - An Economic Critique. Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. 1977. An overview of treaties and rights of Native American fishing rights along the Washington coast and inland rivers. Buerge, David. 1992 The Columbia Gorge. Sasquatch Books, Seattle, WA. 1992. Buerge dipicts the Columbia River Gorge from a tourists view; providing information and history on various locations throughout the Gorge. DeVoto, Bernard. Journals of Lewis and Clark. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1953. Lewis and Clarks journals reproduced. McKeown, Martha Ferguson. Come to our Salmon Feast.

64. Society, Ethnicity, The Americas, Indigenous, Native Americans: History
chinook Indian Enigmatic Tribe of the Columbia River - Master traders and fishermen toprovide extensive histories of all major tribes of native americans.
http://www.combose.com/Society/Ethnicity/The_Americas/Indigenous/Native_American
Top Society Ethnicity The Americas ... Trail of Tears Related links of interest:

65. Native American Program At NASA Langley Research Center - Major Indian Tribes
Despite great differences between tribes, they all share important values whichgive them Unity as American indians. Washington, chinook, Klikitat, Salish.
http://oeop.larc.nasa.gov/nap/tribes.html
MAJOR INDIAN TRIBES IN THE UNITED STATES
Over 250 tribes still remain each with its own unique history and traditions, and often its own language or dialect. Despite great differences between tribes, they all share important values which give them Unity as American Indians. Return to the top State Tribe Alabama Creek Alaska Aleut, Athabascan, Eskimo, Tlingit Arizona Havasupai, Hopi, Maricopa, Papago, Pima Arkansas Kickapoo, Potawatomi, Sauk California Chemeheuvi, Hupa, Karok, Kern, Mission, Mohave, Panamint, Pomo, Tulare, Wintun, Yuma, Yurok Colorado Ute Connecticut Narraganset Delaware Nanticoke Florida Seminole Georgia Hawaii Idaho Bannock, Coeur D'alene, Nez Perce, Shoshone, Spokane Illinois Indiana Miami Iowa Fox, Winnebago Kansas Osage, Ponca Kentucky Louisiana Alibamu, Chitimacha, Coushatta

66. Native American Interests Hanford
there are fewer than 1,500 native americans enrolled in the Confederated Tribes ofthe Umatilla Indian Reservation a crucial spawning habitat for chinook salmon
http://www.energy.state.or.us/nucsafe/native.htm
Oregon
Department of
Energy
Oregon Native American Interests at Hanford Ensure Oregon has an adequate supply of reliable and affordable energy, and is safe from nuclear contamination, by helping Oregonians save energy, develop clean energy resources, promote renewable energy and clean up nuclear waste.
After nearly a half century of making plutonium for nuclear weapons at Hanford, the federal government is working to clean up the 560 square mile site and restore it, as much as possible, to its natural state. Making plutonium creates dangerous radioactive and chemical wastes that can harm people and the environment. Parts of the Hanford site are so badly contaminated with radioactive waste that full environmental restoration is impossible. Contamination has reached groundwater and the nearby Columbia River. Hanford is owned and operated by the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE). The Department estimates that cleanup will take at least decades and cost tens of billion of dollars.

67. New Page 1
Muckleshoot. People. Art. Pacific Northwest native American Art. Chehalis. ChehalisSite. chinook. chinook indians. Indian Tribes of Oregon. native Cultural Groups.
http://www.kent.k12.wa.us/staff/dstandle/nativeamericans/references.htm
Native American WebQuest *~Reference~* Here's where you'll want to gather information for your task. Please journey to the Presentation section for the next step. N ative American Resources Native American Flags Northwest Native Americans Tribes Abenaki Algonkin Beothuk Delaware ... Mascouten Massachuset Mattabesic Menominee Metoac Miami ... Wenro Winnebago Southeast American Native Tribes Acolapissa Bayougoula Catawba Cherokee, ... Houma Daily Life of Pacific Northwest Coastal Indians J Pacific Northwest Coastal Indians Muckleshoot People Art Pacific Northwest Native American Art Chehalis Chehalis Site Chinook Chinook Indians Indian Tribes of Oregon Native Cultural Groups Put together by a fourth grade classroom. Native Americans-Five Cultures J First Americans Map of the Northwest Indian Tribes Map of Tribes Great information. Clickable map. Good pictures. Umatilla, Cayuse, and Walla Walla Tribe History (Plains) J History Plains Native American Tribes Comanche Home Intro Task ... Teacher Resources Created by the 4th Grade Team 2002

68. NA Daily Headlines
The chinook Indian Nation says it will pull out of the celebrations at the MorningJournal 05/10/2004 NORWALK While remains of native americans found in
http://www.owlstar.com/dailyheadlines.htm
Lawsuit for Indians' benefits ( 6/7) Call for U.S. apology to Indians (6/7) More news and links to stories about tribal people in the Western Hemisphere
Questions or comments are welcome. Mail Janet at owlstar@speakeasy.org
Aboriginal/AmerIndian Perspective about the First Nations of Turtle Island
Wotanging Ikche Lakota Common News
Kanoheda Aniyvwiya Cherokee Journal of the People
Otapi'sin Atsinikiisinaakssin Blackfoot News for All the People
Es'te Opunvk'vmucvse Creek People's New News
Aunchemokauhettittea Naragansett Let Us Share News
Ni-mah-mi-kwa-zoo-min Ojibwe We Are Talking About Ourselves
Ha-Sah-Sliltha Ditidaht Nation News of the People
Un Chota Susquehannic Seneca The People Speak
Ximopanolti tehuatzin, inin Mexika tlahtolli Nahuatl For you we offer these words It-hah-pe-hah Ah-num pah-le Chicasaw Together We Are Talking Sho-da-ku-ye Teehahnahmah Talking Birchbark Acimowin Plains Cree Story or Account or Report Dineh jii' adah' ho'nil'e'gii ba' ha' neh Navajo Nation What's Happening among The People News Okla Humma Holisso Nowat Anya Choctaw People(s) Red Newspaper Hi'a chu ah gaa Pima The stories or the talk of the People Agnutmaqan Listuguj Mi'kmaq News Native American News Language of the Occupation Forces If you speak a Native American language not listed above, please send us your words for "news." We'd rather take up this whole page saving these few words of our hundreds of nations than present a nice clean banner in the language of those people who came here determined to replace our words with their own.

69. Books: Native American Indian Education Resources For School & Library Distribut
native americans and Film Ceremony In The Circle of Life Changes Charcoal s WorldThe True Story of a Canadian Indian s Last Stand Charlie The chinook Cheki
http://www.goodminds.com/books/menu.htm
Books available
(Ad)dressing Our Words: Aboriginal Perspectives on Aboriginal Literature
500 Nations: An Illustrated History of North American Indians

A to Z of Native American Women: A Biographical Dictionary

A Very Remarkable Sickness: Epidemics in the Petit Nord, 1670-1846
...
Zunis, The (A True Book), paper ed.

70. Chinook Indians
chinook indians. The chinook indians live next to the Columbia River, close to the Pacific Ocean. They live in the northwestern area of Oregon. The Lower Columbia River indians lived down river, and
http://schools.gorge.net/hrcsd/westside/4mchinookkesia.htm
Chinook Indians
The Chinook Indians live next to the Columbia River, close to the Pacific Ocean. They live in the northwestern area of Oregon. The Lower Columbia River Indians lived down river, and the Plateau Indians lived more up river. That is why the Lower Columbia River Indians have that name. The climate where the Chinooks live is mostly rainy. It snows in the winter, also the area freezes a lot in the winter. It is also foggy which makes it hard to hunt food. There are also many storms. These are the tribes' names in the lower Columbia River region: There are the Cooniac, Cascade Indians, Clatsop, Clackamas, Multnomah, and the Wasco Indians. The food that they ate was fish, mainly salmon, rabbits, deer, elk, bird eggs, parts of weeds, roots, and bulbs, they also ate clams. The children usually went down to the beach to dig them up in the sand. The shelter they had was very weather resistant, and animals couldn't get in. The houses they had were plank long houses made of cedar bark, they also used teepees and brush tents. Some families lived all together in one house. They had enough room that each family had their own fire! In the plank houses there was an opening in the roof so smoke can escape. The transportation the Indians had was cedar canoes. They were hollowed out cedar trees. The Indians also had horses and rode horseback and walked by foot. This next part is some interesting facts about the Chinook Indians. Boys helped the men make fishing nets attached to poles. They caught fairly large salmon. Babies are put in a cradleboard to flatten their foreheads out. To do this the adults had a piece of very strong fabric attatched to the board and put across the head of the baby putting pressure on the head and they did this while the head bones were still soft. The clothing that the Indians wore was made of cedar bark pounded down to make it softer. The clothing was also made of animal skin such as wolf, deer, elk and rabbits. Some clothes were also made of grass. Other supplies the Indians used were nets of woven grass and many uses of the canoes. They were used for going up and down river and trading goods like salmon and whale oil. I hope you enjoyed my report.

71. Native American Nations
native American Store. Indian Tribe Snoqualamie Indian Tribe Steilacoom Tribe ChinookIndian Tribe, Inc. Samish Indian Tribe Snohomish Tribe of indians NooWha
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/nofed.htm
Free Genealogy Surname Census
Free Newsletters
...
Cemetery Listings
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List of Federally Non-Recognized Tribes
The #1 Source for Accessing Native American Genealogy Online
Add a Wyoming Native American Link Native American Links Bookstore Native American Store Alabama Cherokees of Jackson Co.
Cherokees of N.E. Alabama
Echota Cherokees
Star Clan of Muskogee Creek Tribe of Pike Co.
Mowa Band of Choctaws
Principal Creek Indian Nation E. of the Mississippi Machis Lower Alabama Creeks Cherokees of S.E. Alabama United Cherokees Alaska Tsimshian Tribal Council Arizona San Juan S. Paiute Barrio Pascua Arkansas
California Amah Band of Ohlone/Coastanoans American Indian Council of Mariposa Co. Antelope Valley Indian Community Atahun Shoshones of San Juan Capistrano Big Meadows Lodge Tribe Calaveras Co. Band of Miwok Indians Choinumni Tribe Chukchansi Yokotch Tribe Coastal Band of Chumash Indians Coastanoan Band of Mission Indians Death Valley Timba-Sha Shoshone Band Dunlap Band of Mono Indians Federated Coast Miwok Tribe Hownonquet Community Assoc.

72. Chinook Indian Chiefs And Leaders
Indian Genealogy. chinook Indian Chiefs andLeaders. chinook native American Genealogy.
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/chinook/chinookchiefs.htm
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Chinook Indian Chiefs and Leaders Chinook Native American Genealogy
1900 Indian Territory Census

Dawes Commission Index, 1898-1914
Circle of First Nations
Our Free Newsletter 14-day Free Trial of Ancestry.com's Databases
Add a link or report a Broken Link!!
Comcomly
Index of Tribes or Nations
Indian Tribes 1880 Indian History Home ... Books Online Other Indian Records Quick Links Books, CD's, DVD's, Videos FREE at Ancestry Research Tools Free Trials African American Genealogy American Indian Genealogy Biographies Cemetery Records ... Vital Records
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73. American Indian Language Resources
native North American Indian Online Dictionaries and Word Lists. Alabama EnglishOnline Dictionary; Anishinaabe - English Online Dictionary; chinook Jargon
http://cobalt.lang.osaka-u.ac.jp/~krkvls/lang.html
General

74. Chinook Indian - Links And Resources
Naked Against The Rain chinook Jargon History chinook and Wisham Indian picturesAlbert Eissing s native Links Page Bold Tongue s native American Links Page
http://www.chinookindian.com/greene/chinook_websites.htm
Home Nations Language Radio ... Talk Links Pages Other Resources You may also visit the Official Chinook Nation/Tribe website More about the Columbia River
Chinook Tribes History

Chinook Talk
...
Native Symbols
Online Newspapers Muscogee Nation News
The Aboriginal Multi-Media Society

American Indian Culture and Research Journal

Chiefs and Councils of Manitoulin Tribal Council News
...
Windspeaker
Other Media Native American Films and Videos, Movies
Native American Film Resources

Native Studies

Native Videos Taos Talking Pictures
... Native Usenet Groups Postal Addresses National Indian Health Board 1385 S. Colorado Blvd. Suite A-708 Denver, CO 80222 American Indian Health Care Association 245 E. 6th Street, Suite 499 Saint Paul, MN 55101 Association on American Indian Affairs 245 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10016 First Nations Development Institute 69 Kelley Road Falmouth VA 22405 Home Nations Languages Books ... Talk Send mail to webmaster@chinookindian.com

75. Chinook Indian - Enigmatic Tribe Of The Columbia River
American Indian Tribe . Com. The chinook indians tribe of chinookan linguistic stock,lived in villages on the embankments of the Columbia River, from British
http://www.chinookindian.com/
Home Nations Language Radio ... Talk Multimedia
Television
APTN Missinipi Broadcasting Television
Northern Canada
... Cancom
Radio Native American
Internet Radio

Click here to visit the
Official Chinook Nation/Tribe website
The Chinook Indians - tribe of Chinookan linguistic stock, lived in villages on the embankments of the Columbia River, from British Columbia, Canada to Eastern Washington State, all the way to the Pacific Ocean. They were peaceful people whose livelihood revolved around fishing, mostly salmon, and trading in good ranging from fur, to fish, to slaves. The Chinook were a hedonistic society with a penchant for entertainment and leisure; their villages were comprised mostly of their own relatives. They would not easily give in to violent behavior, opting instead for challenging ritual events to resolve conflicts. The Chinook language gave way to the Chinook Jargon, which would end up being used by traders from the Yukon to California. Today, the last descendants of Chinook origin live on reservations in Washington and Oregon. There are currently over two thousand registered members of the Chinook Nation and hundreds more applying for membership. Their legacy is that of a placid, thriving society; never to fully reveal its complex culture and mythology, save for a few scattered texts, artifacts and images. Featured Book Chinook : A History and Dictionary
by Edward Harper Thomas
Other Chinook Books The Boy Who Lived With the Seals
by Rafe Martin

76. Emigrants & Indians
were estimated to be over 5000 chinook indians of various Most of the 800 Multnomahindians were killed by a and smallpox, diseases to which the natives had no
http://www.endoftheoregontrail.org/road2oregon/sa19indians.html
Disrupting the Natives
White emigrants of the overland trail era are often credited with disrupting Native American societies, causing sweeping changes in in their cultures, and precipitating wars. This is not entirely untrue, but the Oregon Trail was merely one chapter in a much longer history. The larger truth is that native lifestyles were disrupted by other Indians and by the arrival of Spanish horses well before the United States came into existence, wars and irreversible cultural changes were caused by government policies older than the Oregon Trail, and most contact between emigrants and Indians on the overland trails was peaceful.
Plains Indians were in a constant battle over homelands as migrating tribes shoved aside previous occupants, and the policies of the US government served only to further complicate this situation. In 1824, the Bureau of Indian Affairs was established not as an independent federal agency, but as a part of the War Department. During the Jackson presidency, a policy of Indian removal was implemented and the "five civilized tribes" of the northeast were forcibly relocated to the plains. As missionaries were moving to Oregon, the Cherokee Nation was following their Trail of Tears to Indian Territory.
Into this uncertainty came the covered wagons headed for Oregon and California. The emigrants distrusted and misunderstood the Indians, seeking revenge for any transgression, no matter how petty. Some emigrants actually shot at Indians for target practice, and guns always came out when Indians stopped by a pioneer encampment to trade. Minor skirmishes were labeled massacres in the press, and the number of dead grew with each retelling of the story at forts and trading posts across the West.

77. NATIVE LANGUAGES PAGE
chinook Jargon Added 6/13/98; updated 5/26 Potawatomilang.org sponsored by the HannahvilleIndian Community. with a major emphasis on native American languages
http://www.nativeculture.com/lisamitten/natlang.html
NATIVE LANGUAGES PAGE
Maintained by Lisa Mitten ; last updated May 27, 2004 Links are roughly alphabetical by language.

78. Algonquin Indians Native American Social Studies
The Algonquin indians are the most populous and widespread North American Nativegroups, with tribes originally numbering in the hundreds and speaking several
http://www.archaeolink.com/algonquin_indians_native_america.htm
Algonquin Indians People History Culture Home Native Americans - Canada/US General resources By peoples, tribes, associations Abenaki Alabama-Coushatta Algonquin Anishinabe/Ojibwe/Chippewa ... Yakima/Yakama By Regions Eastern Woodland page 1 Eastern Woodland page 2 Pacific Northwest page 1 Pacific Northwest page2 ... Southern Plains Special Pages Native Americans in the Military Algonkin http://www.tolatsga.org/alg.html Algonquins of Barriere Lake http://barrierelake.ca/english/index.html
Algonquin Legends and Customs
- Text only - Based on the Manuscript of Juliette Gauthier de la Vérendrye - From Norm Léveillée -
http://www.normlev.net/ancestry/algonquin/legends.htm

The Algonquin Indians
images are enlargeable - From Norm Léveillée - http://www.normlev.net/ancestry/algonquin/algonquin.htm Algonquian Indian Tribes
http://www.geocities.com/bigorrin/algonquian_kids.htm

The Algonquin Nation Tribal Council
Timiskaming First Nation, Wolf Lake First Nation and the Algonquins of Barriere Lake." - Illustrated - From the Algonquin Nation Secretariat - http://www.algonquinnation.ca/home.html

79. Native American Languages
Tenas Wawa The chinook Jargon Voice - newspaper articles and links to native Americanones NAAoG Logos, Indian Country Germany Logo, and East-West-Powwow Logo
http://www.naaog.de/englisch/Links_Languages.html
Native American Languages
Back to Main Page Some information on the situation of Native American languages in the US today
(source: Turtle Tracks) Native American languages when Columbus landed: 300
Number spoken today: 175 Still spoken in homes by children: 20
Where: Mostly in New Mexico und Arizona
Examples: Navajo, Western Apache, Hopi, Zuni, Havasupai-Hualapai Still spoken by parents and elders: 30
Where: Montana, Iowa, Alaska
Examples: Crow and Cheyenne, Mesquakie, Jicarilla Apache Spoken only by elders: 70
Where: California, Alaska, Oregon, Maine, Washington
Examples: Tlingit, Passamaquoddy, Winnebago, Comanche, Yuma, Nez Perce, Kalispel, Yakima, Makah Spoken by fewer than 10 elders: 55
Where: California, Washington, Iowa, Nord-Dakota
Examples: Eyak, Mandan, Pawnee, Wichita, Omaha, Washoe Links to Native American languages: Abenaki Alabama Algonquin
  • Algonquins of Golden Lake - Internet project of a Canadian First Nations school, spoken by children (audio) - family, animals, forest, weather, sky, numbers

80. Links To Information On Specific North American Indian Tribes Sites By Phil Kons
Chicora Indian Tribe of South Carolina The Reclamation of A native Tribe ;The Chicora basic info; The Chicora short article chinook Links
http://www.americanindian.net/links12.html
Links to Information on Specific North American Indian Tribes Sites by Phil Konstantin - Page 12
Click here to find out about getting paid to surf the net!
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If you find a link which no longer works properly, or you wish to suggest a site for inclusion in this list, please let me know.
Sites With Information About Specific Tribes, Nations, Clans, or Bands
This section has so many different groups that I have divided it into several sections. This page has the links to groups which have just a few links. Listed below are links to tribes which have many different websites with information about them.

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