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22. Periodic Table Of The Elements - Potassium Symbol, K. Sources, Potassium is the 7th most abundant element on earth, making up2.4 2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Lange s Handbook of chemistry (1952 http://chemistry.about.com/library/blk.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Chemistry Home ... Chemistry Glossary zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); General Chemistry Branches of Chemistry Demos / Experiments Homework Help ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Chemistry newsletter. Search Chemistry Periodic Table of the Elements Potassium K Atomic Number Symbol K Atomic Weight Discovery Davy 1807 Electron Configuration [Ar]4s Word Origin English potash pot ashes; Latin kalium , Arabic qali : alkali Isotopes There are 17 isotopes of potassium. Natural potassium is composed of three isotopes, including potassium-40 (0.0118%), a radioactive isotope with a half life of 1.28 x 10 years. Properties Uses Potash is in high demand as a fertilizer. Potassium, found in most soils, is an element that is essential for plant growth. An alloy of potassium and sodium is used as a heat transfer medium. Potassium salts have many commercial uses. Sources Potassium is the 7th most abundant element on earth, making up 2.4% of the earth's crust, by weight. Potassium is not found free in nature. Potassium was the first metal isolated by electrolysis (Davy, 1807, from caustic potash KOH). Thermal methods (reduction of potassium compounds with C, Si, Na, CaC

23. Selected Classic Papers From The History Of Chemistry Historically important papers in the fields of Atomic hypothesis and discrete nature of matter Electricity, electrochemistry, and electrolyte solutions The electron and electronic structure of matter elements nature, number, and discovery Environmental chemistry Gases Periodic table and periodic law Radioactivity and the nucleus Thermodynamics http://maple.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/papers.html

Selected Classic Papers from the History of Chemistry The following papers from the history of chemistry are available as html files. Many are seminal papers in their fields. Some are interesting curiosities. Papers are arranged by subject below, or alphabetically Most of the entries reside either at the Classic Chemistry site at Le Moyne College or on the historical papers section of John Park's ChemTeam site. Links to classic papers outside the Classic Chemistry site are clearly credited. Analytical, instrumental, and spectroscopic techniques Atomic hypothesis and discrete nature of matter Biochemistry Bonding and Structure ... Others Analytical, instrumental, and spectroscopic techniques Gustav Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen (1860): bright-line flame spectra (applied to alkali metals and alkaline earths). This paper is at the ChemTeam site. (Link to biographical data on Bunsen and Kirchhoff Chandrasekhara V. Raman and K. S. Krishnan : 1928 paper on the Raman effect (posted by Jim Holler , Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky). View a biographical sketch of Raman.

24. General Chemistry: Starting Points For Students which include a number of titles in General chemistry. periodic table layout to selectthe elements and a via the Internet (Download MoleCalc demo now; 180 K); http://www.chem1.com/chemed/genchem.html

A selective, annotated collection of the best Web links for students in General Chemistry courses. This site provides a relatively small but selective set of Web links specifically for students enrolled in General Chemistry courses. Instructors and teachers who maintain course web sites for their own students are invited to link their sites to this one. I welcome suggestions for additions and improvements to this page. E-mail: lower@sfu.ca For information on specific topics (for example, significant figures or equilibrium), see below General resources Odd stuff Tutorial sites Questions and answers Neat stuff to know Software Note: Links that have changed since our last link check are indicated by Links contained in are archives that presumably are no longer being maintained links that were inaccessible at our last link check are indicated in strikeout type General resources General Chemistry Online! Chemistry Web Resources - this site maintained by Ron Rinehart of Monterey Peninsula College contains a wealth of material oriented toward chemical education, all well organized in a visually-attractive way. The Chem Team - a high school chemistry course CHEMystery an interactive guide to chemistry . A collection of topics related to high school chemistry. This site was developed by a group of students for a 1997 event and is probably not being maintained. Chemistry AP Exam Practice - this site was built by a Chemistry teacher to help his students prepare for the AP exam, and is worth looking at!

25. Chemistry Resources: The Elements: Alkali Metals Brief profiles and pictures of each of the alkali metals, and the characteristic flame colors for their compounds. http://www.chemtopics.com/elements/alkali/alkali.htm

26. Actinides Illustrated article, covering the uses of these elements in nuclear chemistry, and related research initiatives. http://www.llnl.gov/str/Terminello.html

UNDERSTANDING the periodic table, with its assemblage of columns and rows of elements, has been a perennial challenge for chemistry students. (See the below.) Understanding at the atomic level a remarkable row of elements has been a particular research challenge for Lawrence Livermore scientists over the years. That row is called the actinides, a collection of 14 radioactive elements named after the element actinium. "There's a tremendous amount we don't know about the actinides," says Lawrence Livermore chemist Lou Terminello, who leads the Materials Science and Technology Division of the Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate. To learn more about these elements, he says, the Department of Energy funds about $100 million per year for research at Lawrence Livermore. The research is conducted by teams of chemists, physicists, engineers, metallurgists, and environmental scientists on a diverse set of national security and environmental issues. Terminello says that a more fundamental understanding of actinides is needed to better assess the nation's nuclear stockpile, help stem the clandestine proliferation of nuclear weapons, and better understand the implications of nuclear fuels' (such as enriched uranium) use and storage. Environmental contamination by actinides is also a major concern at several major DOE facilities. In addition, actinides such as uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium are the major contributors to the long-term radioactivity of nuclear waste currently targeted for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository in Nevada.

27. Chemistry : Elements & Radicals With Positive Valencies chemistry elements Radicals with Positive Valencies. Potassium, K, K 1+. Note thata radical is a group of atoms of elements, eg, ammonium radical NH 4 . An http://www.syvum.com/cgi/online/serve.cgi/squizzes/chem/valency1.html

Syvum Home K-12 GMAT GRE ... More... '); document.writeln(' '); document.writeln(' Home Quiz Games Chemistry apid Just what you need to know! eview What is the Valency of an Element? Valency is the number of hydrogen atoms that can combine with [or displace] one atom of the element [or radical] to form a compound. For example, two atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to form water [H O]; so, the valency of oxygen is two. Similarly, the valency of chlorine in the compound hydrogen chloride [HCl] is 1, and the valency of the ammonium radical [NH ] in the compound ammonium chloride [NH Cl] is 1. For elements that do not combine with hydrogen, the valency is the combining power of the element with another element whose valency is known. Valency may also be defined as the number of electrons that an atom donates or accepts to form the duplet state (i.e., 2 electrons in outermost shell) or octet state (i.e., 8 electrons in outermost shell). The valency of an element is always a whole number. Elements with valency one are monovalent, those with valency two are divalent, and those with valency three are trivalent. All metals, hydrogen and the ammonium radical have positive valencies as shown in the table below. Valency Element / Radical Symbol Ion Monovalent [1] Hydrogen H H Sodium Na Na Potassium K K Ammonium NH NH Divalent [2] Magnesium Mg Mg Calcium Ca Ca Zinc Zn Zn Trivalent [3] Aluminum Al Al Note that a radical is a group of atoms of elements, e.g., ammonium radical [NH

28. Welcome To The Gilheany Group Home Page Describes research interests including enantioselective synthesis, organophosphorus chemistry, organic chemistry of Main Group elements and the synthesis of medium rings and small multicyclic heterocycles. http://chemistry.ucd.ie/gilheany/welcome.html

Welcome to the Gilheany Group Home Page The Group Information about the group of Dr. Declan G. Gilheany , including and Present Members Topics include: Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis: Epoxidation C-C Bond Formation Air Oxidation Organophosphorus Chemistry: P-Chiral Phosphorus Wittig Mechanism Bonding at Phosphorus Synthetic Projects: C-Substituted Hexoses Medium Rings Z Z ... Vacancies There are currently no vacancies in the research group. Department of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4. Ph: +353-1-716-2308 Fax: +353-1-706-2127 E-Mail: declan.gilheany@ucd.ie

29. Chemistry : Elements And Chemical Symbols - Latin Names Mercury, Hg, Hydragyrum. Potassium, K, Kalium. Silver, Ag, Argentum. Practice Exercisefor chemistry Module on elements Chemical Symbols Latin Names. http://www.syvum.com/cgi/online/serve.cgi/squizzes/chem/periodic1b.html

Syvum Home K-12 GMAT GRE ... More... '); document.writeln(' '); document.writeln(' Home Quiz Games Chemistry Chemistry : Elements and Chemical Symbols - Latin Names apid Just what you need to know! eview What are the Latin Names of Chemical Elements? Scientists have adopted certain conventions regarding the chemical symbols for various elements. The symbol is the short form or abbreviated name of the element. Each element has a chemical symbol that is unique to it. An atom of an element is denoted by this symbol. For example, the symbol for Carbon is C. Many elements have their symbol derived from either the first letter [e.g., H for Hydrogen] or the first two letters [e.g., He for Helium] of their names. A few elements have symbols derived from their Latin names as given in the table below. Element Symbol Latin Name Antimony Sb Stibium Copper Cu Cuprum Gold Au Aurum Iron Fe Ferrum Lead Pb Plumbum Mercury Hg Hydragyrum Potassium K Kalium Silver Ag Argentum Sodium Na Natrium Tin Sn Stannum Tungsten W Wolfram Click here for the Periodic Table Home Quiz Games Chemistry $$$ WIN $$$ PRIZES Enter Syvum Quizenius CONTEST NOW !

30. Chemistry 1911 1911 Nobel Prize in chemistry for the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of radium. First person to win two nobel prizes. http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1911/index.html

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911 "in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element" Marie Curie, née Sklodowska France Sorbonne University Paris, France b. 1867 (in Warsaw, Poland) d. 1934 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911 Presentation Speech Marie Curie Biography ... Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 The 1911 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Peace Find a Laureate: SITE FEEDBACK CONTACT TELL A FRIEND Last modified June 23, 2003 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

31. Quizzes areas of chemistry. Click on the topic to connect to a multiple choice quiz thatwill give you your results immediately. 1 Measurements 2 Atoms and elements 3 http://www.karentimberlake.com/quizzes.htm

Home ChemLinks LecturePLUS Chemodules ... Books and CD Quizzes Q uizzes have been written for the topics in each of the following areas of chemistry. Click on the topic to connect to a multiple choice quiz that will give you your results immediately. Measurements Atoms and Elements Nuclear Radiation Compounds and Their Bonds ... Books and CD [ Quizzes ]

32. Argonne Chemistry Intranet (Internal Only) Windows program for the interactive analysis of crystal field spectra of fblock elements. http://chemistry.anl.gov/downloads/spectra/

Spectra Spectra is a program for paramagnetic ions energy levels calculations. It allows to calculate electronic structure of all elements with unfilled f-shells, including lanthanides and actinides in crystalline hosts. It could be used in scientific research, educational institutions, industry (laser materials, chemical analysis etc). User friendly Windows interface allows to customize the number of terms to be included in calculation (up to all terms in a given electronic configuration), obtain the values of reduced matrix elements for all d- and f-elements. Crystal field parameters could either be adjusted to fit experimental levels or calculated using exchange charge model (not included in this version). Fully consistent J-J' mixing is included for crystal field of any symmetry. Optical and ESR spectra can be analyzed using unified approach with exact decomposition of wavefunctions for each specific energy level. Free-ion Hamiltonian for f-electrons includes Coulomb interaction; configurational interaction; spin-orbit coupling; spin-spin and spin-other-orbit interaction, correction to spin-orbit coupling due to configuration interaction. Total number of free-ion parameters is 19: F2, F4, F6 for Coulomb interaction; dzeta for spin-orbit coupling; alpha, beta and gamma for two-body integrals in configuration interaction; T2, T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 for three-body configuration interaction; M0, M2, M4 for Marvin integrals of magnetic interactions; P2, P4, P6 for spin-orbit corrections due to configuration interaction.

33. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Science/Chemistry/Elements/Lithium Lithium chemistry A Theoretical and Experimental Overview by AnneMarie Sapse VisualElements Lithium - Image, general and physical information, and key http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Science/Chemistry/Elements/Lithium

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Elements Lithium (12 links) See Also: Health: Pharmacy: Drugs and Medications: L: Lithium Science: Chemistry: Elements: Alkali Metals News about Lithium Proof Of New State Of Matter Is In The Jelly (May 3, 2004) full story Supercold, Wiggling 'Jelly' Presents Evidence Of New Kind Of Superfluidity (April 14, 2004) full story Space Technologies Aid Solar-powered Global Flight Bid (April 1, 2004) full story Duke Chemists Describe New Kind Of 'Nanotube' Transistor (March 30, 2004) full story (February 27, 2004) full story [ More news about Lithium Books about Lithium Amazon.com's Price:

34. Journal Of Inorganic Biochemistry Publishes research papers and short communications in the following areas the chemistry, structure, and function of metalloenzymes; the interaction of inorganic ions and molecules with proteins and nucleic acids; the preparation and properties of coordination complexes of biological interest including both structural and functional model systems; the role of metalcontaining systems in the regulation of gene expression; the application of spectroscopic methods to determine the structure of metallobiomolecules; the function of trace elements in living systems; and related subjects. http://www.chemweb.com/inorganic/journals/elsevier/?jcode=JIB

35. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Science/Chemistry/Elements/Potassium 1. Books The Na/K Atpase and Related Transport Atpases Structure Visual ElementsPotassium - Image, animation, source, uses, physical information, and key http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Science/Chemistry/Elements/Potassium

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Elements Potassium (11 links) See Also: Health: Nutrition: Nutrients: Vitamins and Minerals: Potassium Science: Chemistry: Elements: Alkali Metals News about Potassium New Cardiac Arrhythmia Syndrome Identified (June 1, 2004) full story From Fryer To Fuel Tank, U-M Students Make A Case For Waste Elimination And Energy Recovery (May 20, 2004) full story Discovery Offers Clues To Origin Of Life (April 23, 2004) full story Mayo Clinic Researchers Discover Gene Mutations That 'Ignore' Stress, Lead To Heart Failure (March 30, 2004) full story Charge Doping Of Molecules One Atom At A Time (March 12, 2004)

36. Barron Research Group - Rice University - Andrew R. Barron Focuses on the chemistry of the group 13 elements with oxide and chalcogenide ligands. http://python.rice.edu/~arb/Barron.html

Welcome to the Barron Research Group Department of Chemistry Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Rice University, Houston, Texas Andrew R.Barron Current Courses Current Group Conferences and Seminars ... To Contact Andrew Barron Note: You may want to adjust your Text Zoom to view this site, PDF files are in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) for easy viewing You can download a FREE viewer here Andrew R. Barron , Charles W. Duncan, Jr. - Welch Professor Items of Special Interes t Texas Center for Crystallography submission forms can be found here Course Information CHEM 360 Inorganic Chemistry - Spring 2004 MGMT 751/CHEM 751/MSCI 751 New Venture Creation for Science and Engineering Spring, 2004 Miscellaenous Course Information: Management for Science and Engineering - Introduction Past Course: MGMT 750/CHEM 750/MSCI 750 Management for Science and Engineering - Fall. 2003

37. Oliver Manuel - Supernovae, Element Synthesis, Meteoritics, Heterogeneous Accret Data Confirms Local Element Synthesis; O. Manuel, K. Windler Journal of Radioanalyticaland Nuclear chemistry, Volume 238 of the Solar System and its elements pp http://web.umr.edu/~om/

Professor Manuel (left) with Erin Miller (right) after their trip to the 2002 Sigma Xi conference at Galveston, TX. Oliver K. Manuel Emeritus Professor of Chemistry Email: om@umr.edu Resume: www.umr.edu/~om/resume/resume.html Abbreviated Resume: http://www.umr.edu/~om/abbre-resume.html Research Summary Historical Information click here for a PDF Evidence of an Iron Rich Sun click here for a PDF ... click here for a PDF On-going Discussions about Iron Sun: An Iron Core for the Sun? Universe Today Spitzer Looks at a Stellar Nursery Iron Sun Discussion Recent Press Reviews "White-Hot Ball Bearing" The Sydney Morning Herald Dec 2 2003 "Is The Sun An Iron-Rich Powerhouse?" Space Daily Nov 18 2003 "Is Iron Causing All The Flares?" Universe Today Nov 18 2003 "Sun's Iron Core May Be Cause Of Solar Flares" Sience A GoGo Nov 3 2003 ... Radio Missouri Transcript Sep 26 2002 (mp3 format audio file) "Scientist: Sun Composed Mostly Of Iron" CNN News report July 23 2002 Cosmiverse July 19 2002 "An Iron Sun: Groundbreaking or Cracked" UPI news story July 17 2002 "The sun: A Great Ball of Iron?" Science Daily July 17 2002

38. OUTFO - Element 094 - Plutonium (Pu) A quick reference table for Plutonium. http://www.outfo.org/science/chemistry/elements/094/

alternative Home Mathematics Science ... Elements > Element 094 - Plutonium (Pu) Bottom Element 094 - Plutonium (Pu) Property Value Atomic Number Atomic Weight Bonding Radius Atomic Radius Ionization Potential 6.06 V Electronegativity Density 19.8 g/mL Melting Point 913 K Boiling Point 3 503 K Heat of Vaporization 344 kJ/mol Heat of Fusion 2.84 kJ/mol Specific Heat 0.13 J/gK Oxide Type amphoteric Crystal Type monoclinic Electron Configuration [Rn] IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA IB IIB IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IA IIA IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IB IIB IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA H He Li Be ... Mt *La nthanides Ce Pr Nd Pm ... Lu **Ac tinides Th Pa U Np ... Lr Last modified: Sunday, 04-Jan-2004 11:35:33 MST Refer a friend to this OUTFO page (Spam free!) name email address you friend If we ruin this one, there is nowhere to go. Support your planet Top

39. Carbon vaporization conditions above ~2550oK, white carbon hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,and other elements, it forms Union of Pure and Applied chemistry adopted the http://pearl1.lanl.gov/periodic/elements/6.html

Atomic Number: Atomic Radius: 77 pm Atomic Symbol: C Melting Point: 3550 ºC (diamond) Atomic Weight: Boiling Point: 3800ºC (sublimation) Electron Configuration: [He]2s Oxidation States: History (Latin. carbo : charcoal) Carbon, an element of prehistoric discovery, is very widely distributed in nature. It is found in abundance in the sun, stars, comets, and atmospheres of most planets. Carbon in the form of microscopic diamonds is found in some meteorites. Natural diamonds are found in kimberlite of ancient volcanic "pipes," found in South Africa, Arkansas, and elsewhere. Diamonds are now also being recovered from the ocean floor off the Cape of Good Hope. About 30% of all industrial diamonds used in the U.S. are now made synthetically. The energy of the sun and stars can be attributed at least in part to the well-known carbon-nitrogen cycle. Forms Carbon is found free in nature in three allotropic forms: graphite, diamond, and fullerines. A fourth form, known as "white" carbon, is now thought to exist. Ceraphite is one of the softest known materials while diamond is one of the hardest. Graphite exists in two forms: alpha and beta. These have identical physical properties, except for their crystal structure. Naturally occurring graphites are reported to contain as much as 30% of the rhombohedral (beta) form, whereas synthetic materials contain only the alpha form. The hexagonal alpha type can be converted to the beta by mechanical treatment, and the beta form reverts to the alpha on heating it above 1000

40. OUTFO - Element 080 - Mercury (Hg) Provides a concise data table about the chemical properties of mercury. http://www.outfo.org/science/chemistry/elements/080/

alternative Home Mathematics Science ... Elements > Element 080 - Mercury (Hg) Bottom Element 080 - Mercury (Hg) Property Value Atomic Number Atomic Weight Bonding Radius Atomic Radius Ionization Potential 10.437 V Electronegativity Density 13.53 g/mL Melting Point 234.28 K Boiling Point 630 K Heat of Vaporization 59.229 kJ/mol Heat of Fusion 2.295 kJ/mol Specific Heat 0.139 J/gK Oxide Type mildly basic Crystal Type rhombohedral Electron Configuration [Xe] IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA IB IIB IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IA IIA IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IB IIB IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA H He Li Be ... Mt *La nthanides Ce Pr Nd Pm ... Lu **Ac tinides Th Pa U Np ... Lr Last modified: Sunday, 04-Jan-2004 11:34:52 MST Refer a friend to this OUTFO page (Spam free!) name email address you friend If we ruin this one, there is nowhere to go. Support your planet Top

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