21. 29th FEBS Congress, 26 June - 1 July 2004, Warsaw, POLAND Royal castle and the Classicist architecture of the city with the old monuments,castles, museums, theatres More general information about Warsaw can be found http://www.febs2004.pl/gi.html

th FEBS Congress 26 June - 1 July 2004 Warsaw POLAND Organizer: Polish Biochemical Society Patronage: Aleksander Kwa¶niewski, President of the Republic of Poland I nvitation S cientific Committee ... eather in Warsaw Last modified: Webmaster: Wojciech Wojtowicz wwojtowi@febs2004.pl General information CONFERENCE VENUE The meeting will take place in new facilities of Gromada Conference Centre and Hotel. The building is located in: Congress Center - Hotel Gromada 17-go Stycznia 32, 02-148 Warszawa, Poland Phone: +48 (22) 576 46 00 Fax: +48 (22) 846 15 80 E-mail: airport@gromada.pl http://www.gromada.pl Access by bus (175, 188) or by taxi (phone: 919) in the direction of the Fryderyk Chopin Airport. CITY OF WARSAW Warsaw is one of the youngest capitals in Europe. It became the Polish capital after Cracow in 16th century. Early settlements however already existed in the 10th century. In 1655 Warsaw's development as the country's capital was halted upon the Swedish invasion known as the "deluge". Warsaw experienced its "golden age" in the 18th century under the last Poland's king Stanislaw August Poniatowski. During that time it was transformed into a modern city. During Poland's partitions by 3 countries, from late 18th century until the World War I Warsaw never gained independence. After World War I Warsaw was re-established as the capital of Poland. Until the World War II Varsovians worked hard to build new infrastructure and expand the city, and by 1939 the population of Warsaw had risen to over 1.3 million.

22. Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona Cities/Architecture/Travel/Scenics: picture files on Montezuma castle National Monument, Arizona. These photographs areavailable for licensing in any media. For Pricing, general Guidelines, and http://www.photovault.com/Link/Cities/Southwest/Arizona/MontezumaCastleNM.html

PHOTOVALET (tm) Enter search term Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona Volume 1, Images by Wernher Krutein and PHOTOVAULT T his page contains samples from our picture files on Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona . These photographs are available for licensing in any media. For Pricing, General Guidelines, and Delivery information click here . You may contact us thru email or by phone for more information on the use of these images, and any others in our files not shown here. You may also use our search engine PHOTOVALET (tm) to find other images not found on this page. Please do not ask us for free use of these images! Our Arizona images can be linked to as follows: Cities Arizona Volume 1 Cities Arizona Volume 2 Nature Arizona BW-1 Nature Arizona Volume 1 ... Grand Canyon National Park IIncluded in the Vault are images of: Phoenix Tucson Bisbee the Capitol ... Kitt Peak National Observatory , Lake Powell, London Bridge Meteor Crater , Montezuma Castle National Monument, Monument Valley Mt. Lemon Oak Creeek Canyon , Organ Pipe National Monument, Petrified Forest National Park , Phoenix South Mountain Park, Saguaro Cactus Saguaro National Monument San Francisco Peaks San Xavier Del Bac Mission ... Wupatki National Monument , Colorado River Included in the Vault are images of: Nature Arizona CITIES Cities: Nevada Cities Colorado ... America West Airlines Click on any of the thumbnail images below to view an enlarged photo Back to Category listings Back to Category listings.

23. Smithsonian Castle, Cities/Architecture/Travel/Scenics: Photography, Pictures, P samples from our picture files on the Smithsonian castle. These photographs areavailable for licensing in any media. For Pricing, general Guidelines, and http://www.photovault.com/Link/Cities/Ocean/nWashingtonDC/Places/SmithsonianCast

PHOTOVALET (tm) Enter search term The Smithsonian Castle Images by Manfredo Krutein, Wernher Krutein and PHOTOVAULT T his page contains samples from our picture files on the Smithsonian Castle. These photographs are available for licensing in any media. For Pricing, General Guidelines, and Delivery information click here . You may contact us thru email or by phone for more information on the use of these images, and any others in our files not shown here. You may also use our search engine PHOTOVALET (tm) to find other images not found on this page. Please do not ask us or email us for free use of these images! Our Wash in gton DC images can be linked to as follows: Washington DC Volume 1 Washington DC Volume 2 Washington DC Volume 3 Included in the Vault are images of: The Capitol FDR Memorial Iwo Jima Statue Jefferson Memorial ... The Pentagon , Smithsonian "Castle", Supreme Court Vietnam Veterans' Memorial Washington Monument The Watergate ... Airports: Baltimore Washington (BWI) , Justice Deptartment, Law Makers, Cherry Blossoms, The Mall, The Rotunda, Arlington National Cemetary, etc. See also: CITIES GOVERNMENT MILITARY Flags ... Terrorism in North America Click on any of the thumbnail images below to view an enlarged photo . . . . .

24. Castle Architecture Ross, both architects, wrote the monumental work The Castellated and Domestic Architectureof Scotland In 1649 the castle was sold to general Sir David http://www.inverie.com/Architecture.htm

Authors on the Architecture of The Castle of St Monance In 1892 a marvelous series of five volumes describing the architecture of Scotland’s castles was completed. David MacGibbon and Thomas Ross, both architects, wrote the monumental work The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland from the Twelfth to the Eighteenth Century In the fourth volume they describe Saint Monance as follows: Newark Castle, Fifeshire. This castle is situated on a rocky cliff overlooking the Firth of Forth, not far from the ancient church of St. Monans. It appears to have been built at two periods. The southern or earlier portion is represented by ground floor vaults and the strong south wall of enceinte, which only remain. These vaults form an oblong structure measuring about 75 feet from north to south by 28 feet wide. The later portion . . . is built in continuation northwards, but is only 22 feet in width. The thick east wall and the round tower, 25 feet 6 inches in diameter at the north-east angle, are evidently erected on portions of the older edifice. The total length of the edifice is 128 feet.

25. Bibliography For Castle Building Project Bond, Maurice, THE ROMANCE OF ST GEORGE S CHAPEL, WINDSOR castle, England, DelworthGroup Norwich, John Julius, general Editor, GREAT architecture OF THE http://www.geocities.com/Area51/Hollow/7231/bibliog2.html

Bibliography Medieval Architecture and Engineering Backinsell, William G. C., C Eng, FIMechE, MEDIEVAL ENGINEERING IN SALISBURY CATHEDRAL, England, South Wiltshire Industrial Archaeology Society, 1986, ISBN 0-906195-10-1 Bond, Maurice, THE ROMANCE OF ST GEORGE'S CHAPEL, WINDSOR CASTLE, England, Delworth Group, 14th edition 1987 Braun, Hugh, FSA, FRIBA, ENGLISH MEDIAEVAL ARCHITECTURE, England, Bracken Books, 1985, ISBN 0-946495-42-4 Breeze, David J., ROMAN FORTS IN BRITAIN , UK, Shire Publications Ltd., 1987 reprint, ISBN 0-85263-654-7 Conant, Kenneth John, CAROLINGIAN AND ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE 800-1200 , England, Penguin Group, 1990 reprint, L.C.#: 78-149801 De Camp, L. Sprague, THE ANCIENT ENGINEERS Dyer, James, HILLFORTS OF ENGLAND AND WALES , UK, Shire Publications Ltd., 1985 reprint, ISBN 0-85263-536-2 Embleton, Ronald and Frank Graham, HADRIAN'S WALL IN THE DAYS OF THE ROMANS , England, Howe Brothers (Gateshead) Ltd., 1984, ISBN 0-85983-177-9 Embleton, BENWELL TO CHESTERS IN THE DAYS OF THE ROMANS Embleton, HADRIAN'S WALL IN THE DAYS OF THE ROMANS, CHESTERS TO ARVORAN

26. New American Castle- Creative Team Prior to heading up the New American castle Project, Tony division as an additionto a general Contracting firm Engineering architecture AJK Engineering, Inc http://www.newamericancastle.com/team.html

Creative Team Owners Architect Builders Creative Team Owners Architect Builder Interior ... Exterior Owners: Kim Baker General Contractor for the Castle project. Designed and built a luxury contemporary home on Lake Congamond in 1991. Please see: www.allgreatthings.com Patricia Baker Directing and Coordinating the Marketing, Advertising, and Public Relations of the Castle project. Kim is a nine-time National Champion race car driver, three-time World Challenge Winner with numerous top 3 finishes in NASCAR. He did Corvette development work for General Motors, and performed tire testing for Goodyear and Bridgestone in the U.S. and Europe. Kim continues to race and teach racing and sells exotic cars. He has been featured in numerous sportscar and racing magazines nationally and internationally. ARCHITECTS: Architects Henry Miller, AIA ,and Heather Renihan of Worcester, MA are working with owners Kim and Patricia Baker on The New American Castle Project. Miller, a graduate of the University of Notre Dame and Harvard Graduate School of Design is a registered architect with 20 years of experience in design and construction project management. Miller's partner, Heather Renihan is a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design where she majored in both architecture and Interior architecture. Both are well-versed in the design and construction industry and general architectural practice.

27. St Mary S Church Barnard Castle - Outline Of Architecture a college under the jurisdiction of the castle, consisting of Following the Reformationcame a period of general debasement in church architecture, and few http://www.stmarysbarnardcastle.org.uk/stmarys_architecture.htm

28. Home Page to a 25 acre kingdom, an American castle built by Celebration is planned to followthe general outline of of Goff?s and Wright?s architecture, and continue http://www.brucegoff-castle-bandb.com/

Duncan/Etzkorn-Bruce Goff Castle Dwelling Bed and Breakfast Consider a bed and breakfast venture at a premiere architectural delight atop a forested bluff in the area of the Shawnee National Forest of Southern Illinois (off of Highway 51 - south of Carbondale approximately 15 miles and about half that distance from Interstate 57). Retreat from the outer world to a 25 acre kingdom, an American castle built by Hugh Duncan, a professor of sociology whose hallmark was analysis of architecture, in particular American Architecture; a notable event often accounted to the emergence of works by the great Louis Sullivan. Sullivan's famed apprentice FLW had passed away in 1959, so Duncan's choice of a master architect who took, - what was called the Chicago School of Architecture, latter called the Prairie School of Architecture, or even later called Organic School of architecture -> , to even newer heights of an actual form of American architecture, led him to honor none other than Bruce Goff. Event Annoucements Prof Emigholz's 110 min Award Winning flick, "Bruce in the Dessert", first shown at the Berlin Film Festival

29. Japanese Architecture 65806599 Japanese gardens - general; Tea gardens castle gardens - Nijojo; Zen gardens- Ginkakuji; Dry Making). Special classes of architecture - Class number 6560 http://www.lib.unimelb.edu.au/collections/asian/jpnarch.html

East Asian Collection Japanese Architecture Resources The East Asian Collection of the University of Melbourne Libraries holds a very strong collection of Japanese architecture resources. This subject guide aims to locate these resources to support the research and teaching activities in related areas. It covers reference materials, Japanese printed and electronic architectural resources. In addition to library resources, this page contains students works of Asian Architecture 2B which were supervised by Dr. Qinghua Guo in the Faculty of Architecture Building and Planning, the University of Melbourne. Japanese Architecture Resources in the East Asian Library Internet Japanese Architecture Resources East Asian Architecture Student Works ( Faculty of Architecture Building and Planning, the University of Melbourne) Japanese Architecture resources at the East Asian Library Reference Works Architecture, Japanese - Bibliography Architecture, Japanese - Terminology Architecture - Dictionaries - Japanese Architecture of Japan (General Works) - Class number 6520-6529 Architecture - Japan - Pictorial works Architecture - Japan - History: General history Heian Period (794-1185) Kamakura/Momoyama Period (1185-1600) Edo/Tokugawa Period (1600-1868) ... 20th century Architectural Design - Class number 6540-49 Architecture - designs and plans Restoration Reports Architectural Decoration - Class number 6550-6559 Tiles and roofing Decoration and Ornament Woodwork [Top of page] Landscape Gardening - Class number 6580-6599

30. Castle Bookshop Homepage - Secondhand Specialists For Archaeology, Local History the castle of Birsa, Nothland castle, the Dwarfie Budge EW (Sir) A general INTRODUCTORYGUIDE Welsh harvesting, Scottish vernacular architecture and furniture http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/town/square/fe63/cat98.htm

CATALOGUE 98 Click here to return to homepage Catalogue 98, February 2004 We are always pleased to welcome customers to our premises at Llandyssil near Montgomery, which are open by appointment only , to see or collect items from the catalogue stock. If you would like further information about any item in this catalogue, do not hesitate to 'phone or fax us. Orders may be made by phone 01686 668484 (answering machine out of business hours), fax 01686 668842, letter or E-mail castlebooks@dial.pipex.com Payment can be made by credit card, (Visa, Mastercard/Access, Delta, Switch, Connect) which can be accepted over the phone and is the easiest method of payment. If you order by letter please do not enclose a cheque, per parcel maximum in U K, is additional to all prices in this catalogue. Orders from abroad, please pay by an acceptable credit card or in sterling. The books will be sent surface post unless you request air. Receipts can only be given if a sae is enclosed with payment. No reply, regret sold.

31. Castle Bookshop Homepage - Secondhand Specialists For Archaeology, Local History CONTENTS. Antiquarian, 1 36, Castles, 538 - 577. general Archaeology,37 - 214, architecture, 578 - 660. Prehistory, 215 - 264, Industrial, 661- 723. http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/town/square/fe63/cat95.htm

CATALOGUE 95 Click here to return to homepage We wish you a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year Catalogue 95, December 2003 We are always pleased to welcome customers to our premises at Llandyssil near Montgomery, which are open by appointment only , to see or collect items from the catalogue stock. If you would like further information about any item in this catalogue, do not hesitate to 'phone or fax us. Orders may be made by phone 01686 668484 (answering machine out of business hours), fax 01686 668842, letter or E-mail castlebooks@dial.pipex.com Payment can be made by credit card, (Visa, Mastercard/Access, Delta, Switch, Connect) which can be accepted over the phone and is the easiest method of payment. If you order by letter please do not enclose a cheque, per parcel maximum in U K, is additional to all prices in this catalogue. Orders from abroad, please pay by an acceptable credit card or in sterling. The books will be sent surface post unless you request air. Receipts can only be given if a sae is enclosed with payment. No reply, regret sold.

32. LILLIAN'S ELECTRONIC TOUR OF THE CASTLE - The General Offices Of The Wesetinghou ONCE INSIDE THE castle. Patterned after a castle in Scotland, it provedto be a magnificent piece of architecture. A rare treat indeed. http://www.georgewestinghouse.com/castle.html

LILLIAN'S ELECTRONIC TOUR OF THE CASTLE (The original page as it first appeared on the internet in 1994) A NEWBIE IN TOWN On Friday, March 13, 1992, I moved to Wilmerding, Pennsylvania, just seventy-eight years and a day after the death of inventor George Westinghouse , founder of the Westinghouses Air Brake Company. Adjusting to the sounds of passing trains, the hum of the rails, and the toll of the bell from the Town Clock took me quite a while. The clock is part of the Castle, an affectionate name given the old executive headquarters of the Air Brake, known by my mother-in-law and other long time town folk simply as the G.O. Set to chime the correct number of times every hour on the hour, the Town Clock also strikes once every half hour. Midnight is no different from high noon to that persistent clock. You can well imagine my dislike for it during my first few weeks of adjustment to city living. Nonetheless, the first one in line to tour the Castle during Wilmerding Days, a time when everyone gets together to celebrate the town, was yours truly. ONCE INSIDE THE CASTLE Patterned after a castle in Scotland, it proved to be a magnificent piece of architecture. A rare treat indeed. Mr. Westinghouse, himself, was present in life size cardboard cutout form, standing there in his old office. Old Wilmerding. What an impressive sight she was from the window of his second floor semi-oval office. Everything was visible including trains, rails and the Air Brake manufacturing plant which once employed well over 6,000 people. I was overwhelmed.

33. Brandeis Libraries: Robert D. Farber University Archives: Brandeis University--A Series Summary general architecture Inclusive Dates 19491997 Arrangement ChronologicalThis individual building on campus including Usen castle and the http://library.brandeis.edu/specialcollections/FindingGuides/archives/dept&subje

Collections HistoryBiography Scope Notes Series ... Folder List Brandeis UniversityArchitecture Collection 1 cu. ft. (3 document boxes) Restrictions This collection is open. HistoryBiography The grounds of Brandeis University began to take shape as a campus during the 1920s with the start of Middlesex University. The most significant buildings on the Middlesex campus included the Castle, the Veterinary School building (currently Ford Hall), and the library which previously served as a horse stable. When Brandeis University took over the charter of Middlesex University shortly after the Second World War it gained ownership of the campus. Since then, Brandeis has continuously added to and reshaped the campus and its buildings. A significant portion of the campus was designed the architectural firms of Max Abramovitz and Eero Saarinen. Scope and Contents Material in this collection were created from 1935 through 1997. Items include photographs, articles, maps, exhibit cards, and narrative descriptions. This series represents a compilation of material from a variety of sources that concern the architecture of individual buildings and the campus as a whole. A significant portion of the collection is from an exhibit on Usen Castle produced by Joel Grushkin (Brandeis 1978), titled "Usen Castle in Perspective." Other items of note include photographs of the campus when it was owned by Middlesex University and an interview of Max Abramovitz. Series GENERAL ARCHITECTURE (Box 1) MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY (Box 1) INDIVIDUAL BUILDINGS (Box 1) CAMPUS (Box 2) JOEL GRUSHKIN EXHIBIT (Boxes 2-3)

34. Castles, Palaces & Historic Buildings - Visiting The City - Edinburgh - WGuides. Craigmillar castle Imposing ruins and royal intrigues on the and historical paintingsSouth Queensferry general Register House Fine architecture and rich http://www.wguides.com/city/4/subsub_152.cfm

Region Index United Kingdom Cities Bath Belfast Birmingham Brighton Bristol Cambridge Cardiff Edinburgh Glasgow Leeds Liverpool London Manchester NewcastleuponTyne Oxford Plymouth Sheffield Southampton StratforduponAvon York All 300 Cities Acapulco Adelaide Agana Aix-en-Provence Albuquerque Amsterdam Anchorage Antigua Antwerp Arequipa Asheville Aspen Athens Atlanta Auckland Austin Bali Baltimore Banff Bangkok Barbados Barcelona Basel Bath Beijing Belfast Berkeley Berlin Bilbao Birmingham Birmingham, US Bogot¡ Boise Bologna Bonn Boracay Bordeaux Boston Boulder Branson Brighton Brisbane Bristol Brussels Budapest Buenos Aires Buffalo Cabo San Lucas Cairo Calgary Cambridge Canberra Cancºn Cannes Cape Cod Cape Town Caracas Cardiff Carmel Charleston Chattanooga Chiang Mai Chicago Christchurch Cleveland Cologne Colorado Springs Copenhagen Cork Cozumel Cusco Dalian Dallas Denver Detroit Dresden Dublin Durban Dusseldorf Edinburgh Edmonton Flagstaff Florence Fort Lauderdale Fort Myers Frankfurt Ft. Worth Fukuoka Galway Geneva Genoa Glasgow Gothenburg Gran Canaria Granada Grand Bahama/Freeport Grand Canyon Graz Guadalajara Guatemala City Halifax Hamburg Hamilton Hanoi Hanover Havana Hawai'i (Big Island) Heidelberg Helsinki Hiroshima Ho Chi Minh Hobart Hong Kong Honolulu Houston Ibiza Innsbruck Istanbul Jackson Jacksonville Jakarta Jasper Jerusalem Johannesburg Johor Bahru Kansas City Kauai Key West Kilkenny Killarney Kingston Krakow Kuala Lumpur Kyoto La Jolla L¼beck Lake Tahoe Lanai Langkawi Las Vegas Lausanne Leeds Leipzig Lima Limerick Little Rock Liverpool London Los Angeles Lyons Macau Madrid Malacca Malaga Manchester Manila Marbella Marseilles Martha's Vineyard

35. VirtualTourist.com - Prague - Prague Castle - Pictures, Tips And Reviews general TIPS PRAGUE castle. over Prague and over the rest of the castle (pic). ofSaint George, the best preserved memorial of Czech romanesque architecture. http://www.virtualtourist.com/vt/61c47/1/1efc/

Prague Prague Castle - Unbiased Prague Castle Tips, Pictures, and Reviews written by locals and travelers for Prague PRAGUE: Travel Guide Hotels Flights Meet Travelers Forum ... General Tips Search for: Places Members Keywords Advanced Join For Free! Member Login VIRTUALTOURIST... Members Forum Chat Travel Tools ... Help TRAVEL RESOURCES... Hotels Flights Vacations Car Rentals ... Featured Properties Sponsored Links for Prague Discount Prague Hotels Premium 2-5 Star City Centre Hotels Amazing Rates - Book Now-Pay Later Prague Hotels for Less Hotels in Heart of Prague Prague Hotels Huge Savings at Top Hotels . Save up to 50% at Expedia Today! Prague Hotels Thousands of Hotels up to 70% Off! Save on Your Next Vacation Today PRAGUE GENERAL TIPS City Map Choose Your Interest TIPS BY MEMBERS - Must See Activities (2484) - Restaurants (624) - General Tips (704) - Nightlife (339) - Off The Beaten Path (436) - Tourist Traps (190) - Warnings Or Dangers (253) - Transportation (340) - Local Customs (205) - Packing Lists (69) - Shopping (100) - Sports Travel (20) TOP 5 PAGES NEWEST PAGES ALL RATED PAGES FORUM (Message Board) MEMBERS LIVING HERE BROWSE CZECH REPUBLIC REGIONS LOCAL MERCHANT DISCOUNTS (1 Tour Operators) LOCAL MERCHANT DISCOUNTS (1 Shops) Find Hotel Deals City: Hotel Name: Check-In Date: Check-Out Date: Guests: powered by OneTime.com

36. VirtualTourist.com - Krakow - Wawel Castle - Pictures, Tips And Reviews of its numerous chapels the Sigismund Chapel - is the most perfect achievementof Renaissance architecture and sculpture in general TIPS - WAWEL castle. http://www.virtualtourist.com/vt/77aeb/1/bdf/

Krakow Wawel Castle - Unbiased Wawel Castle Tips, Pictures, and Reviews written by locals and travelers for Krakow KRAKOW: Travel Guide Hotels Flights Meet Travelers Forum ... General Tips Search for: Places Members Keywords Advanced Join For Free! Member Login VIRTUALTOURIST... Members Forum Chat Travel Tools ... Help TRAVEL RESOURCES... Hotels Flights Vacations Car Rentals ... Featured Properties Sponsored Links for Krakow Krakow Hotels Charming boutique hotels from the european travel experts. Krakow Hotels Huge Savings at Top Hotels . Save up to 50% at Expedia Today! Travel to Poland for Less Krakow Poland Hotels Choose Hotels Krakow Hotel Discounts Detailed Hotel Descriptions Stay in Krakow - Pay Less KRAKOW GENERAL TIPS City Map Choose Your Interest TIPS BY MEMBERS - Must See Activities (672) - Restaurants (191) - General Tips (232) - Nightlife (103) - Off The Beaten Path (165) - Tourist Traps (34) - Warnings Or Dangers (50) - Transportation (114) - Local Customs (181) - Packing Lists (18) - Shopping (85) - Sports Travel (17) TOP 5 PAGES NEWEST PAGES ALL RATED PAGES FORUM (Message Board) MEMBERS LIVING HERE BROWSE POLAND REGIONS LOCAL MERCHANT DISCOUNTS (1 Tour Operators) Find Hotel Deals City: Hotel Name: Check-In Date: Check-Out Date: Guests: powered by OneTime.com

37. Romeguide- Historical Architecture And Buildings Of Rome. Castel Sant' Angelo Inside the castlefortress are the rooms of the Museo Nazionale Militareand of Art. Visitors Checlist - general Information. Address, http://www.romeguide.it/MONUM/STORICI/castel/castel_eng.htm

Saint Angelo's Castle History of Castel Sant' Angelo City tours to Castel Sant' Angelo position on the map Atac 110 - Bus Tour The Ghosts of Rome Walking Tour The recostruction of Castel Sant' Angelo as it was in the period of ancient Rome Painting by Caspar Van Wittel from the early 18th century click the image to see the section of the Mausoleum click to zoom the image of Hall of Apollo - the room is frescoed with scenes from mythology attributed to the pupils of Perin del Vega (1548) Click the image to zoom - The Sant' Angelo Bridge over the Tiber river Protecting the Pope - The Vatican Corridor leads from the Vatican Palace to Castel Sant' Angelo. It was built in 1277 to provide an escape route when the pope was in danger. visitors checklist ID of Monument italiano Castel S. Angelo whose imposing mass still dominates the panorama of Rome, and which is known as the Mole Adriana

38. A Public Forum Sponsored And Moderated By ODP Editors Rejected Although there are a multitude of castle sites (as well as architecture sites),most of these focus on castle topics in general and often serve as touristic http://www.resource-zone.com/showflat.php?Cat=&Number=69047&page=0&view=collapse

39. Islam.com - Web Directory In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. general architecture. 10.architecture. architecture. History. Romans. Oldest castle. Residential. http://www.islam.com/islamcateg.asp?index1=2&index2=15&index3=15

40. STIRLING CASTLE not for his lack of skill as a general. Historic Scotland Stirling castle by RichardFawcett Amazon from The Castellated and Domestic architecture of Scotland http://www.caledoniancastles.co.uk/castles/central/stirling.htm

STIRLING CASTLE 'a huge brooch clasping highlands and lowlands together' Alexander Smith 1856 Loction Map Plan Set on a volcanic rock commanding views for miles around, Stirling Castle was one of the most important strongholds in medieval Scotland. Before the Marshlands of Flanders, Blairdrummond and and Drip Mosses to the west were drained, Stirling Bridge was the only practical place to cross the River Forth. This gave Stirling Castle strategic importance, the control of movement between north and south, highlands and lowlands. A royal residence and parliament hall from at least the 12 th century, a favourite of the Stewart kings, a military depot and barracks, and now one Scotland's most popular tourist attractions. Page One The Lang Windit Bit Page Two The Outer Defences Page Three Outer Close Nether Bailey Page Four Great Hall Chapel Royal Page Five The Palace Kings Old Building The Lang Windit Bit A fortification at Stirling is first recorded in the early 12 th century when Alexander I arranged for the dedication of the castle chapel. Alexander died here in 1124. The is no archeological evidence of a stronghold on the site prior to that but legend tells of it being a seat of King Arthur, and that a stronghold here was besieged by Kenneth MacAlpin, King of Scots from 842. Archeological evidence and legend apart, I find it difficult to believe a site such as Stirling Castle would have gone un-noticed by Iron Age fort builders, and those opposing the Roman invasion a thousand years before Alexander. Why did the Romans build their northern frontier, the Antonine wall, a few miles south from here? Did they find it difficult to pass Stirling?

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