21. Almanac Of Policy Issues: Death Penalty prodeath penalty Organizations/Sites. Government capital punishment Statistics(Bureau of Justice Statistics). Articles. capital punishment http://www.policyalmanac.org/crime/death_penalty.shtml

Almanac of Policy Issues Home Search Archive Death Penalty In 1999, 98 inmates were executed for capital crimes in the United States. In that year, the death penalty was used in 37 states and the federal prison system, but just two states accounted for half of the executions that took place Texas (35) and Virginia (14). Most executions performed (94) were by lethal injection. Internationally, the United States is one of the leaders in the use of the death penalty. According to Amnesty International, China led all nations internationally in 1998 with 1,700 executions. Over 100 were executed in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 68 were executed in the United States, and 66 were executed in Iran. These four nations accounted for 86 percent of all executions recorded by Amnesty International that year. Use of death penalty in the United States dates back to colonial times, with the first recorded execution taking place in Jamestown in 1608. Although its use has always varied from state to state, it was practiced regularly throughout most of our history until 1967, when a temporary ban was instituted while the Supreme Court reviewed its constitutionality. In 1972, in a 5-4 decision (Furman v. Georgia), the Court ruled that the death penalty as practiced in Georgia was a violation of the Eighth Amendment, which bans cruel and unusual punishment. The ruling focused on unguided jury discretion and the resulting arbitrary and capricious sentencing that took place because of it. However, the court left open the possibility that the death penalty could be reinstated if it were redesigned to avoid these problems. In response, several states set about redrafting their sentencing laws and in 1976 the Court reinstated the death penalty after a ten year moratorium. The first execution took place on January 17, 1977 when Gary Gilmore was executed by a firing squad in Utah. Federal death penalty statutes were revised in 1988, 1994 and 1996. Since 1977 over 650 people have been executed.

22. Homework Help--Social Issues--Death Penalty/Capital Punishment prodeath penalty.com Created by the non-profit organization Justice For All legalinformation, articles, interviews, and links that support capital punishment. http://www.kcls.org/hh/deathpenalty.cfm

Library Services Find Your Library Ask a Librarian Reserve a PC Library Cards ... eBooks Good Reads Good Reads New Reads Book Clubs Youth Services Homework Help Kidspage TeenZone Library Resources eAudio Seniors ESL/Literacy Special Collections ... Email This Social Issues- Death Penalty/Capital Punishment General Support Oppose Religious Perspectives ... Law General 1000+ Death Penalty Links Scroll down to find links to pro- and con- Web sites along with other sites providing statistics, humor/art, and information on legal research, religious issues, public opinion, wrongful convictions, and more. Provided by the Clark County (Indiana) Prosecuting Attorneys Office. Death Penalty Information Center A non-profit organization, DPIC provides analysis, statistics, and information on the topic. Includes a Spanish language page, history, and state information. Punishment and the Death Penalty Scroll down for court decisions, legislative information, statistical resources, articles, Internet links and more from a professor at the University of San Diego.

23. Capital Punishment Death Penalty - News Updates And Research individuals committed to the abolition of capital punishment, provides information prodeathpenalty.com (pro) Religious Organizing Against The death penalty http://www.apologeticsindex.org/d07.html

Death penalty - News updates and research resources An Apologetics Index research resource The Death Penalty Death penalty - News updates and research resources on Capital Punishment Back to A-Z Index About The Color Key Articles Books ... About This Page Among Christians there is a range of opinions regarding the death penalty. Some Christians support the death penalty because it was instituted in the Old Testament. They claim that Romans 13:1-5 demonstrates modern governments can still apply the death penalty. However, most concede it is not now used for all situations in which the Old Testament prescribes it (including, for example, adultery, and consistenly disobedient children ) Remember, the New Testament says that whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles at just one point is guilty of breaking all of it. Thus those who wish to hold on to Old Testament laws should be consistent and keep the entire law (a mistake addressed by Paul in his letter to the Galatians So-called Christian Reconstructionists , advocate instituting Old Testament Israeli law in today's society. The publisher of Apologetics Index is a member of Amnesty International , and opposes the death penalty for the following reasons: moral reasons (I believe no human being has the right to take another human being's life)

24. Death Penalty/Capital Punishment Campaign for Criminal Justice Reform More antideath penalty statistics and opinionsalong with capital punishment report cards for pro-death penalty Sites. http://library.smc.edu/research/topics/deathpenalty.htm

Home About Catalog E-resources ... Research Topics Death Penalty/Capital Punishment This guide is an introduction to the research process that, while not being an exhaustive list of information resources available, should be helpful in getting started in your research about the death penalty. Below you will find pointers to suggested research terms about the death penalty, materials in the library catalog about the death penalty, websites relevant to the death penalty, and links to library databases that contain information about death penalty. Please use our email reference service , contact us at (310) 434-4254, or visit us in the library at the reference desk if you need further assistance. Go to: Suggested Research Terms Materials in the Library Catalog Websites Library Databases Suggested Research Terms One of the really helpful things when searching for information about a topic is a short list of terms related to a topic. We think the following terms will help with your research about the Death Penalty: When searching for books in our library, it is best to remain fairly general, and therefore you would use simple words or phrases.

25. Pro-Death Penalty 00). Brinker, Steve “capital punishment Give It a Chance.” proDeathPenalty. http//www.clas.virginia.edu/~fdc4k/brinkers.html (7 Apr. 00). http://gecko.gc.maricopa.edu/~cgoberg/prodeath.htm

T he Death Penalty – True Cause for Justice Opponents of capital punishment are outspoken and vehement in their arguments. They believe the death penalty does not does not deter crime. They also hold the opinion that ending the life of a murderer is cruel and unusual punishment, prohibited in their literal interpretation of the 8th Amendment of the United States Constitution (Bedau). Conversely, one of the main arguments for the death penalty is that it does deter crime. U. S. Department of Justice F. B. I. statistical data supports this point by highlighting the fact that most criminals released back into society commit additional felonies. Indeed, two out of three death row inmates had prior felony convictions, and one in twelve actually had been convicted of prior homicides (Snell). Removing any chance of further contact with innocent human beings, by carrying out the sentence of death, effectively assures us that this criminal will not commit another crime (Fabian). The crimes he or she would have perpetrated on future victims have essentially been deterred. Unfortunately, there is no way to determine who these “spared” victims are, yet the statistics just mentioned support the assumption that more heinous crimes will be committed if these criminals are not dealt with in the most permanent fashion – by execution. The death penalty is not cruel and unusual punishment. Authors of the United States Constitution’s 8th Amendment related “cruel and unusual” punishment to methods used in ages past. There were many ways of carrying out the death penalty then that are not acceptable now. The 8th Amendment was created to outlaw such practices as burning criminals at the stake, boiling them in oil, or “drawing and quartering”, whereas the convicted felon was tied hands and feet to four horses and literally torn to pieces (Issues). The writers did not consider death by itself in the same category as the above, as long as the legal process that determined justice was fair (Issues). Indeed, the Supreme Court of the United States declared in its 1976 Gregg vs. Georgia decision that “the punishment of death does not invariably violate the Constitution” (“The Death Penalty ”). This supports the fact that capital punishment is not cruel and unusual.

26. Pro-life And Pro-Capital Punishment Article explores the apparent contradiction in being prolife and pro-death penalty. http://www.roman-catholic.com/Roman/Articles/CapitalPunishment.htm

Pro-life and Pro-Capital Punishment Contradiction in Terms? By Anthony Gonzales One of the main arguments used by the antireligious bigots against the "Radical Right" (those people who hold to the values of our ancestors) is that our position is inconsistent because we "claim" to be pro-life and at the same time support the death penalty. This liberal mantra has also been adopted by liberals in the Church who have attempted to take the teeth out of the pro-life movement by saying that we as Catholics must support the "Seamless Garment" concept that all human life is sacred no matter what the circumstances. They them- selves claim that it is inconsistent to be pro-capital punishment if you claim to be pro-life. Finally, to make matters worse for conservative Catholics, giving more ammunition to the liberals, is the position Pope John Paul II and Mother Teresa have taken in regards to the death penalty. In several instances they both have interceded with the governors of their respective states for criminals who were about to be executed. According to His Holiness the death penalty should rarely, if ever

27. Capital Crimes On capital punishment! punishment After All The Appeals Tallahassee death penaltyPage pro death penalty Page pro death penalty Web Reform of capital Case http://www.nightscribe.com/Law/capital.htm

On Capital Punishment! Punishment: After All The Appeals... 1000+ Death Penalty Links! Death Penalty Links Page2 Florida Supreme Court Order Upholding the Electric Chair Death Penalty!!!! Tallahassee Death Penalty Page ... Georgia Execution Tapes Some Reflections from Paul Harvey on the reasons for School Shootings and any other serious capital crimes by teens!! It must have been the Guns!! Another Occasions for the Death Sentence: The Salem Village Witch Trials

28. Why I Was Right About Capital Punishment In Support of the death penalty , support for the death penalty has grown the undecidedvotes said they were leaning toward a procapital punishment stance if http://home.echo-on.net/~smithda/whyiwasright.html

Why I Was Right About Capital Punishment I couldn't resist. The Julius Caesar of this age, by the way, supports the return of the death penalty. He cannot understand why criminals and murderers, of no use to the state, are kept alive and happy - Paul Bernardo for example - all at taxpayers' expense. Traitors are given public money to further their causes. Julius asks: Would any of this be allowed in the Great Republic of the Roman Empire? Not likely. Capital Punishment deters murder, and is just retribution. Let us now focus on Canada. The last two people to be executed in Canada were Arthur Lucas and Ron Turpin. They were executed on December 11, 1962. These executions in Canada were carried out by hanging. The death penalty was abolished in Canada in 1976 after a debate that lasted 98 hours. The death penalty was only beaten by 6 votes. If we look back to 1976, the year the death penalty was abolished in Canada, threats of death were being made to Members of Parliament and their immediate families from pro death penalty advocates. Most members of parliament voted according to their own personal feelings, rather than the views of Canadians. The same was the case in British Colombia, where accepting the death penalty, if it was reinstated in 1987 by the federal government, was discussed. The MPs were split: 17 out of 29 were for the death penalty. This showed that even the majority of the MPs were in favour of the death penalty in B.C. Support for the death penalty in British Columbia at the time was almost 70%, but the MPs felt that it was up to them to vote according to what they felt was right, not to what a majority of Canadians wanted.

29. Death Penalty Arguments & Resources University s List of prodeath penalty Arguments Review of comprehensive source,the death penalty Information Center reports, or capital punishment 101 for http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/410/410lect15.htm

"That's what capital punishment really means - those who ain't got the capital, get the punishment." ( Mumia Abu-Jamal) All the various pro-con arguments can be classified as follows, however, there are some that defy classification. For purposes of brevity, the arguments will be presented in tabular form. PRO-DEATH PENALTY: CON-DEATH PENALTY: It's what the offender deserves; i.e., just deserts, regardless of whatever other people may have escaped justice. Juveniles and other protected classes have not formed the moral maturity of truly guilty offenders; they are coping the best they can; we don't let juveniles, e.g., buy beer or cigarettes, so why should we execute them? the DETERRENCE argument: It doesn't deter only because the punishment isn't swift enough. The average stay on death row is 11 years 2 months. It doesn't deter. Prof. Ehrlich's evidence that every execution prevents another 8 lives was repudiated by Brian Forst's research. the COST argument: Economic considerations should be second to justice considerations. It doesn't matter how much it costs, but it's cheaper than life. Look at the cost ($50,000-100,000) to build a cell and the cost ($20,000-30,000) to incarcerate just one lifer. The death penalty, because it involves so many required post-trial hearings, reviews, appeals, etc. ends up costing more than life imprisonment, to the order of 6 times the cost of incarceration.

30. Catholic Update - The Death Penalty By Kenneth R. Overberg, S.J. A prolife Position. Our position against the use of the death penalty falls intothat continuum We believe that an issue such as capital punishment is not just http://www.americancatholic.org/Newsletters/CU/ac0195.asp

Each issue carries an imprimatur from the Archdiocese of Cincinnati. Reprinting prohibited The Death Penalty: Why the Church Speaks a Countercultural Message by Kenneth R. Overberg, S.J. If someone murdered your child or closest friend, what punishment would you want for the criminal? If you were simply asked your opinion about capital punishment, how would you respond? What reasons would you give for your answer? Recent polls show that 75 percent of U.S. citizens favor the death penalty. Yet the U.S. Catholic bishops, along with many other Christians and Jews, have spoken out against capital punishment. Beyond polls and statements, powerful scenes dramatize opposing viewpoints: people protesting a death sentence with candlelight vigils, while others gather as if at a party shouting, "Kill the scum!" This Update considers these profound differences in our society, summarizes the teaching of the U.S. bishops and tells a mother's true story of horror and reconciliation after the murder of her daughter.

31. Colorado College Tutt Library Capital Punishment capital punishment The death penalty from the Ontario Centre for ReligiousTolerance; capital punishment Has links to both pro and con sites. http://www.cc.colorado.edu/Library/Course/General/Capital.html

General Sources Punishment and the Death Penalty from a page called Ethics Updates. Very Good Site. PBS - Frontline - Angel on Death Row National Center for Policy Analysis - Report on Crime Capital Punishment - The Death Penalty from the Ontario Centre for Religious Tolerance Capital Punishment Has links to both pro and con sites. Against Capital Punishment Abolition Now!'s Page Great resource for anti-death penalty. Dead Man Talkin' PEACENet's Page on Capial Punishment Death Penalty Discussion Board Participate in discussion and listen to interviews and documentation on specific cases. ACLU's Page on the Death Penalty Links Beyond the Wall There is a section of Death Penalty related sites. The Death Penalty: Individual Participants in American Anti-Death Penalty Institutions Should Shape its Existence A student's paper on the Death Penalty. Capital Punishment: The Death Penalty Information and links from Amnesty International The Case Against The Death Penalty, from Ethics Updates Death Penalty Information Center ... Death Penalty News and Updates Be sure to check out the "Related Links" For Capital Punishment The Death Penalty: A Means to Curb Violent Crime in the United States.

32. Death Penalty Watch - Capital Punishment Statistics From The ACLU Clemency Letters Sent by the ACLU capital punishment project. or burglary) as a capitalcrime; others which the prosecutor is strongly prodeath penalty is more http://www.aclu.org/death-penalty/?ban

33. FrontPage Magazine.com :: Judaism's Pro-Death Penalty Tradition By Steven Plaut for years debated the pros and cons of capital punishment for convicted terroristmurderers. Up to this point, Israel has never had a death penalty, the lone http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=13104

34. South-Western: Is The Death Penalty An Efficient Crime Deterrent? of either the defendant or the victim and should prohibit capital punishment forthose About.com, The death penalty pro and Con http//crime.about.com/msub2 http://www.swcollege.com/bef/policy_debates/death_penalty.html

Policy Debate: Is the death penalty an efficient crime deterrent? Issues and Background The ACLU and other death penalty opponents, including many religious groups and individuals, and a growing number of prison wardens, maintain that capital punishment constitutes cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment. Killing, whether carried out by an individual or the state, is immoral and ought not to be condoned. Furthermore, the death penalty as practiced in the U.S., is arbitrary and racially biased. It has no proven deterrent value. And many miscarriages of justice have been documented over the years in which people have been put to death for crimes they did not commit. American Civil Liberties Union I believe that the weight of the evidenceaggregate statistical analyses, evaluations of experiments and quasi-experiments, and studies of individual behaviorsupports the view that the rate of crime is influenced by its costs. This influence is greateror easier to observe- for some crimes and persons than for others. ~James Q. Wilson, "

35. Death Penalty E. van den Haag, Fordham U. capital punishment, George Bernard Shaw, 6/48 AtlanticMo. Justice for All (Victum s Rights group), prodeath penalty.com, http://www.thepubliccause.net/DeathPenalty.html

The Public Cause Network The Death Penalty Pro / Con Arguments What You Can Do Convicting the Innocent Special State, Federal Sections (menu) Supreme Court TPCN Poll / Feedback Resource Links (The page links won't work properly until the download is complete.) Please see the Special Alert in the special Federal Section! There is little scientific evidence regarding effectiveness of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime, relegating the debate to center on philosophy. The fundamental questions are: Is execution a just punishment for murder? Is the Death Penalty a deterrent to crime? This page is intended to help you make up your mind about the Death Penalty. The pro and con (for and against) material is placed side-by-side on the page so that neither position has a placement advantage. We think the best order to view the material with is the left column links above first (top to bottom), and then the right column (top to bottom)-or simply scroll down the page, but save the poll (which is just below) for last. The `Special State Sections' have brief descritions of pending legislatiion in those states and links to find and contact their legislators and governors. This page makes a pretty good death penalty resource and you're welcome to use it as such. Latest Death Penalty News: (requires JavaScript) We'd like to know your thoughts and / or position: Required: E-Mail Address Optional: Your Name or Initials Optional: State / Province Optional: Country Optional: Death Penalty Position

36. Capital Punishment prodeath penalty.com http//www.prodeathpenalty.com/ NB This site seeks as comprehensivelyas possible Internet resources which support capital punishment. http://www.wabashcenter.wabash.edu/Internet/capital.htm

Capital Punishment Capital Punishment; The Death Penalty http://www.religioustolerance.org/execute.htm An overview of the issues and arguments, maintained at the Religious Tolerance web site. Catholics Against Capital Punishment http://www.cacp.org/pages/585134/index.htm "Catholics Against Capital Punishment was founded in January 1992 to promote greater awareness of Catholic Church teachings that characterize capital punishment as inappropriate and unacceptable in today's world." The Death Penalty http://www.clarkprosecutor.org/html/death/death.htm This web site puts forward arguments in favor of capital punishment. Sponsored by Steven Stewart, a prosecuting attorney in Indiana. Death Penalty Information Center http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/ NB A major site opposed to capital punishment. "The Death Penalty Information Center is a non-profit organization serving the media and the public with analysis and information on issues concerning capital punishment. The Center was founded in 1990 and prepares in-depth reports, issues press releases, conducts briefings for journalists, and serves as a resource to those working on this issue." Death Penalty Links http://www.derechos.org/dp/

37. Death Penalty capital punishment discussion board on KQED. Ray Larson, CommonwealthAttorney for Fayette County, Kentucky, prodeath penalty material. http://www.karisable.com/crpundeath.htm

Books Articles News Resources ... Government Punishment: Death Penalty E-mail Discussion Lists Message Board Guestbook Home ... Computer Crimes No peace without justice, no justice without forgiveness: This is what in this Message I wish to say to believers and unbelievers alike, to all men and women of good will who are concerned for the good of the human family and for its future. No peace without justice, no justice without forgiveness: This is what I wish to say to those responsible for the future of the human community, entreating them to be guided in their weighty and difficult decisions by the light of man´s true good, always with a view to the common good. No peace without justice, no justice without forgiveness: I shall not tire of repeating this warning to those who, for one reason or another, nourish feelings of hatred, a desire for revenge or the will to destroy. On this World Day of Peace, may a more intense prayer rise from the hearts of all believers for the victims of terrorism, for their families so tragically stricken, for all the peoples who continue to be hurt and convulsed by terrorism and war.

38. Criminal Justice In America--Links, Chap. 16--Capital Punishment information. The death penalty pro and Con A PBS Frontline site providingarticles on both sides of the capitalpunishment issue. Return http://www.crf-usa.org/links/cja/cja_ch16.htm

Criminal Justice in America Chapter 16: Capital Punishment History of the Death Penalty in America Public Opinion on the Death Penalty Recent Developments in Capital Punishment History of the Death Penalty in America Capital Punishment Links Links to all Bureau of Justice Statistics bulletins on capital punishment. Capital Punishment Statistics From the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Death Penalty Information A high school curriculum on the death penalty. Teacher Edition Good overview from the University of Alaska, Anchorage. History of the Death Penalty From PBS Frontline. History of the Death Penalty From the Death Penalty Information Center. Capital Punishment in the United States A history and many links. From Close Up Foundation. Reckoning the Death Penalty An ABC special report on how the death penalty is applied from state to state and country to country. A Brief History of Wisconsin's Death Penalty The history of the state that has been without the death penalty the longest. Law about the Death Penalty Legal information, including statutes and case law, about the death penalty.

39. O'Keefe Library-Best Information On The Net - Death Penalty Catholics against capital punishment; death penalty Information and Resourcesfromthe Its links, however, include prodeath penalty documents, as well as info http://library.sau.edu/bestinfo/Hot/death.htm

Hot Paper Topics Death Penalty Capital Punishment: Various Religious Perspectives includes Christian and Hebrew scriptures, arguments for and against, links to other capital punishment sites. Capital Punishment, the Death Penalty links from varied religious perspectives Capital Punishment/Death Penalty FAQ excellent from the Nat'l Center for State Courts Catholics against Capital Punishment includes Vatican documents. Death Penalty Information and Resources from the American Society of Criminology, which officially opposes the death penalty. Its links, however, include pro-death penalty documents, as well as info on wrongful convictions, religion and the death penalty, and death penalty cases in Illinois specifically. Death Penalty Law: an Overview includes full-text documents Economics of the Death Penalty a research review that is chock full of data and references for further research. Punishment and the Death Penalty - includes bibliography, full text articles, links to other death penalty sites.

40. Rio Hondo Community College Library Capital Punishment Subject Guide death Row pro and con arguments, interviews, cases, and a death penalty chronologyare presented. California Department of Corrections capital punishment This http://library.riohondo.edu/subject_guides/capital_punishment.htm

Admissions Academics Library Online Services ... Human Resources Library 3600 Workman Mill Road Whittier, CA 90601 562.692.0921 x.3417 About the Library Catalogs Online Databases Research Help ... Library Site Index breadCrumbs(">"); Capital Punishment The following guide provides Web site links, a list of selected books, and access to online periodical articles about this subject. The Web site links have been researched, evaluated, and annotated by Rio Hondo College Librarians. The Librarians have specifically selected these Web sites to meet the research needs of Rio Hondo College students go to Web Site Links Books WebCat Articles ... Text-only version for printing Web Site Links top American Civil Liberties Union - Death Penalty This abolitionist site contains articles on various aspects of the death penalty, particularly lethal injection, race and death penalty, habeas reform, and the execution of innocent people. A searchable database of ACLU news articles in also available. Extensive links to other death penalty sites. Angel on Death Row Pro and con arguments, interviews, cases, and a death penalty chronology are presented.

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