81. On Capital Punishment capital punishment damages our country s leadership in he world. Yemen, and Iran sentencesJuveniles to death. of the development nations have no death penalty. http://www.lightparty.com/WarOnDrugs/CapitalPunishment.html

On Capital Punishment Edited by Tom Morin CAPITAL PUNISHMENT continues to be useless as a deterrent to crime'. The statistics researched by Reverend Lowell Grisham, rector of St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Fayeteville and presented to his congregation confirm this. His message to the congregation follows: "As a follower of Jesus Christ, who was himself a victim of capital punishment, I believe it is right to speak out. It is not an issue all Christian agree about. Many good and conscientious Christian support the death penalty, and I respect their opinions. This is one of many issues where moral people find they must agree or disagree. "As your rector I feel I should offer you the reasons for my beliefs. I invite your criticism and input. Our Criminal Justice System is imperfect * Innocent people are executed. According to a study published by the Northwestern University Press, 23 people executed in the United States since 1900 have been proved innocent after their execution. * Innocent people are convicted. Since 1973 82 people have been exonerated and released from death row and more than 20 have had their convictions overturned. * People are executed when there are public doubts about their guilt. There is a new emphasis on faster executions, even in the face of increased discovery of judicial error thanks to DNA (testing) and new scientific expertise, the work of investigative journahsts, and expert attorneys. Rarely does the state seek to reopen a questionable death verdict.

82. ACLU-Mass: States Moving Away From The Capital Punishment States Moving Away from capital punishment. Arkansas passed juvenile repeal legislationin the House. commission to investigate problems in CA death penalty. http://www.aclu-mass.org/issues/2004-05-03_states_moving_away_from_capital_punis

Civil Liberties Task Force Legal Legislative ... Donate Now States Moving Away from Capital Punishment Alabama State Senate passed moratorium and juvenile repeal legislation. Arkansas passed juvenile repeal legislation in the House. California putting in place an innocence commission to investigate problems in CA death penalty. Connecticut passed a study commission bill that made numerous recommendations for reform. Delaware seriously considering a juvenile repeal bill Florida - Senate overwhelming passed juvenile repeal bill Kansas legislature close to passing an updated MR bill that also protects mentally ill people from execution Kentucky very close to passing juvenile repeal bill Louisiana considering a juvenile repeal bill Maryland last session came within one vote of passing a moratorium bill this year nearly passed a study bill. Michigan defeated an effort to pass a constitutional amendment permitting a public referendum on the death penalty Minnesota a repeal effort was soundly trounced in committee Missouri Supreme Court of Missouri ruled executing juveniles unconstitutional US Supreme Court accepted case ( Roper v. Simmons

83. Editorial: The Young Condemned / Rendell Should Support A Death Penalty Ban For obvious poster child of juvenile capital punishment, there are Today, four juvenilessit on Pennsylvania s death row launched its No death penalty for Juvenile http://www.post-gazette.com/forum/20030202edaclu0202p1.asp

Pittsburgh, PA Monday June 7, 2004 News Sports Lifestyle Classifieds ... About Us Take me to... Search Local News Nation/World Sports Obituaries Lifestyle Business Opinion Photo Journal Weather Classifieds PG Store PG Delivery Web Extras Contact Us About Us Help Corrections Site Map Opinion Previous Articles Editorials Letters ... Opinion Editorial: The young condemned / Rendell should support a death penalty ban for juveniles Sunday, February 02, 2003 The impulse to kill is as old as the first organized societies. Examples of executions sanctioned by ancient communities can be found in sacred scriptures and oral traditions from every corner of the globe. State-sanctioned killing has a long and bloody pedigree, a testament to the seductive allure of an ethic that insists execution wielded by the state is a legitimate antidote to evil. An equally long-standing tradition stretching from the dawn of civilization to our own day is the recognition of the moral differences and expectations of juveniles and adults. If it were not for the erosion in our understanding of these time-honored differences, it would hardly be worth mentioning. Unfortunately, the lines between "juvenile" and "adult" have become blurred, especially in the realm of capital punishment. The case of John Lee Malvo, the 17-year-old suspect in the three-week D.C. sniper rampage last year, has ignited debate about capital punishment and whether it is ever legitimate to sentence to death a juvenile convicted of even heinous crimes.

84. End The Juvenile Death Penalty (washingtonpost.com) The juvenile death penalty with its arrogant assumption that society can judge isone of the least defensible aspects of American capital punishment. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A2533-

85. The Juvenile Death Penalty - The Advocate: November 1999 The juvenile death penalty is even more arbitrary and capricious than the death penaltyfor adults. shown that the application of capital punishment in the http://dpa.state.ky.us/library/advocate/nov99/juvdp.html

The Advocate Volume 21, No. 6, Nov.. 1999 The Juvenile Death Penalty by Gary W. Potter Department of Justice and Police Studies In the United States twenty-five states allow the execution of juveniles, twenty-one states set the minimum age for execution at 16 and four states at 17. No other Western nation, no other industrial nation, no other democracy in the world allows the execution of juveniles. In fact, since 1990, the United States joins only Iran, Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Yemen as nations that have executed children. With nine executions of juveniles since 1990, the United States criminal justice system kills more children than the rest of the world combined. In fact, the state of Texas, with five juvenile executions since 1990, kills more children than any other country in the world (Amnesty International, 1998). One of the major reasons for this paucity of juvenile executions worldwide is that executing children, simply put, is a war crime. Almost all nations, even those with a death penalty, conform to the seven major international instruments which forbid juvenile executions. Those instruments are (Amnesty International, 1998): 1. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Article 6(5))

86. Lesson 21 Capital Punishment As Policy is the belief that this punishment is necessary criteria to be prosecuted as capitalmurder The application of the juvenile death penalty is more arbitrary than http://www.policestudies.eku.edu/POTTER/Lesson21.htm

Lesson 21: Capital Punishment as Policy Learning Objectives: Students should be able to: Review and discuss the various methodological approaches employed by researchers to test the idea that capital punishment is a deterrent to crime, including findings from these studies. Discuss the costs of executing an offender versus keeping him or her in prison for life. Discuss whether capital punishment is necessary to incapacitate persons convicted of homicide because of the belief that they are likely to kill again. Explain why capital punishment is an ineffective means of combating crime. Key Terms: brutalization effect Furman v. Georgia Greg v. Georgia Coker v. Georgia Wainright v. Witt voir dire incapacitation Reading Assignment: Kappeler, V., M. Blumberg, and G. Potter. 2000. The Mythology of Crime and Criminal Justice . Chapter 14, Debunking the death penalty: Myths of crime control and capital punishment. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press: 273-295. Key Points: Even though the death penalty has generated considerable debate, many myths surround the punishment. About two-thirds of Americans believe that the death penalty is a deterrent to murder.

87. Death Penalty Opponents of capital punishment say that most people sentenced to members took heartin the punishment that a Travers believes, Malvo was a juvenile while he http://www.catholicherald.com/articles/04articles/cns-penalty.htm

Virginia Death Penalty Opponents Face Uphill Battle By T.D. Brown Capital News Service (From the issue of 1/29/04) RICHMOND — In the Bible, God hands down the Ten Commandments, including "thou shalt not kill." Last week, several religious leaders and other Virginians urged the General Assembly to uphold that rule by abolishing the death penalty. "Capital punishment is against the best judgment of modern criminology and above all, against the highest expression of love in the nature of God," said Jack Payden-Travers, director of Virginians for Alternatives to the Death Penalty. Displaying signs proclaiming "Death Penalty is Dead Wrong" and "Execute Justice, not People," VADP members and supporters gathered at the Capitol to push for legislation that would limit if not eliminate capital punishment. The group quickly received a reminder of how difficulty its quest will be. Shortly after the press conference, Del. Frank Hargrove, R-Hanover, presented to a House panel his bill to abandon the death penalty. The House Courts of Justice Committee unanimously rejected the proposal. Hargrove, 76, acknowledged from the start that the legislation was unlikely to survive. But he said he expects the state eventually to do away with capital punishment.

88. Daily News From Louisville, Kentucky And Southern Indiana From Courier-journal.c will change the minds of many legislators who support capital punishment. A billsupported by Patton to do away with the juvenile death penalty failed earlier http://www.courier-journal.com/localnews/2002/10/25/ke102502s301469.htm

var pageName="" var server="" var channel="" var pageType="" var pageValue="" var prop1="kentucky" var prop2="" var prop3="" var prop4="" var prop5="" var prop6="news" var prop7="" var prop8="" var prop9="" var prop10="" var s_code='' Home News Sports Business ... Local/Regional News Item Friday, October 25, 2002 Death penalty for juveniles opposed, poll shows Results released as Patton ponders Stanford case By Joseph Gerth jgerth@courier-journal.com The Courier-Journal Nearly two-thirds of Kentuckians strongly or somewhat favor eliminating the death penalty for people who commit murders as juveniles, according to a poll by the University of Kentucky's Survey Research Center. The finding comes at a time when Gov. Paul Patton is being asked to spare the life of Kevin Stanford, who is awaiting execution for a 1981 Jefferson County rape and murder that he committed when he was 17. Denis Fleming, Patton's general counsel, said yesterday that the poll results would not affect the governor's decision whether to commute Stanford's sentence to life in prison but that Patton agrees with the poll's respondents. ''Based on the philosophical concerns he has about the application of the death penalty for juveniles, the poll reflects a concern'' Patton already has expressed, Fleming said.

89. No Alla Pena Di Morte - NO To The Death Penalty  - Comunità Di Sant'Egidio rate for juvenile offenses has declined rapidly in recent years and deathpenaltyopponents say it s only a matter of time before capital punishment for those http://www.santegidio.org/pdm/news2004/26_01_04.htm

Home Page Moratoria Signature On-Line Urgent Appeals ... The commitment of the Community of Sant'Egidio Abolitions, commutations, moratoria, ... Archives News IT EN Comunità di Sant'Egidio News ... Informations @ NO alla Pena di Morte Campagna Internazionale Fewer minors being sentenced to death Malvo's prison term marks a broader trend away from capital punishment for juveniles By Seth Stern When a Virginia jury voted against a death sentence for Washington-area sniper John Lee Malvo this week, it followed a national trend away from sentencing juvenile offenders to death. The annual death-sentence rate for juvenile offenses has declined rapidly in recent years and death-penalty opponents say it's only a matter of time before capital punishment for those under 18 is eliminated. "The question is whether it will end by states passing laws banning it, the Supreme Court ruling it unconstitutional, or juries ending the practice by refusing to vote in favor of it," says Victor L. Streib, a law professor at Ohio Northern University in Ada, Ohio. Of those now on death row, 78 were juveniles when they committed their crimes, according to Professor Streib. Twenty-one states allow death sentences to be imposed on juvenile offenders who were at least 16 at the time of their crimes - a requirement of a 1988 Supreme Court ruling, which said that executing a 15-year-old was unconstitutional. The US is the only country besides Iran that formally allows the death penalty for juveniles; the practice is prohibited under several international treaties.

90. Please End Juvenile Executions! Petition Including the twelve states without capital punishment, this brings the totalnumber of states with no death penalty for juvenile offenders to 31. http://www.petitiononline.com/alive04/petition.html

Please end juvenile executions! View Current Signatures Sign the Petition To: The Justices of the US Supreme Court Since the last ruling of the US Supreme Court about the death penalty for juveniles in 1988 and 1989 time passed by and things changed. Similar to change of the public opinion about the death penalty for mentally retarded persons the point of view regarding the death penalty for juveniles has changed. Internationally it’s outlawed and it’s time to outlaw it also in the whole US. The states without the death penalty for juveniles have increased since 1989. Today of the 38 states that have the death penalty five states have chosen a minimum age of 17, 14 a minimum age of 16. Altogether 19 states do not permit the execution of juvenile offenders (Wyoming and South Dakota signed a law prohibiting the execution of juvenile offenders in 2004). Including the twelve states without capital punishment, this brings the total number of states with no death penalty for juvenile offenders to 31. When the death penalty for the mentally retarded offenders was abolished in 2002, 30 states were in a comparable position. And even in states allowing the death penalty for juveniles, the public does not seem to stand completely behind it. Why else would the jury have recommended life for the juvenile sniper, Lee Boyd Malvo.

91. Capital Punishment In The United States: A Forum On Death-Penalty Issues 1979 to 1985, specializing in capital punishment, habeas corpus related to criminaland juvenile justice, clinical expert on the death penalty, habeas corpus http://www.fathom.com/course/10701044/contributors.html

Capital Punishment in the United States: A Forum on Death-Penalty Issues Brooke Masters, William Schabas, James Liebman, Randolph Stone, Joseph Hoffmann Brooke A. Masters An 11-year-veteran at the Washington Post , Brooke Masters is a beat reporter covering federal and state appeals courts and criminal justice issues in Virginia. She has previously covered local government and higher education and has served as an assistant editor on the Post 's Virginia desk. In her current position, she has written about everything from espionage to domestic violence to grandparents' visitation rights. For the past 18 months, Masters has paid special attention to the issues of wrongful convictions and the death penalty. Born and raised in New York City, Masters earned a bachelor's degree in American history from Harvard University. She also took time off from the Post to earn a master's degree in Third World development from the London School of Economics in 1995. William A. Schabas William A. Schabas is director of the Irish Centre for International Rights and holder of the chair in human-rights law at the National University of Ireland, Galway. He was formerly professor of international human-rights law and criminal law at the Université de Québec à Montréal. Schabas is also author of the highly-praised study of the abolition of the death penalty in international law, published by Cambridge University Press.

92. Reprieve.org.uk - The Online Resource On Capital Punishment record with misgivings about executing juvenile offenders and states to impose thedeath penalty on killers to use chemicals to carry out capital punishment. http://www.reprieve.org.uk/

Home What can you do Donations Reprieve internships Online petitions Penpal organisations What do we do? Our Mission Our Projects Britons on death row Caribbean ... Legal Reprieve Extra usa caribbean justice australia worldwide links ... Help with search s="na";c="na";j="na";f=""+escape(document.referrer) Latest News Reprieve’s Founder - Clive Stafford Smith – nominated for the Robert Burns Humanitarian Award The Robert Burns Humanitarian Award honours the actions of an exceptional individual who in the last year has put humanitarian concerns above all others. They will have demonstrated humanity and compassion, in any part of the world, in peace or in conflict. A distinguished panel of judges determine a shortlist and convene to select a winner. The Burns Humanitarian Award is designed to underline the commonly held view that Burn's work reflects principles of tolerance, friendship and humanity. It is Scotland 's only true international award. It is not a sponsored or supported by any business or corporate entity. The winner will receive 1759 guineas, a sum which signifies the year of the bard’s birth and the coinage then in circulation, as well as a specially commissioned hand-made award to and hold and present a manuscript of the Burns poem “A man’s a Man for a’ That”. Previous winners of The Burns Humanitarian Award include 2002 Sir John Sulston, the pioneers of the Human Genome Project, 2003 Yitzhak

93. Capital Punishment In Indiana times in the state s history when capital punishment was handed of horse stealingalso was a capital crime in United States has executed 271 juveniles in the http://www.indystar.com/library/factfiles/crime/capital_punishment/deathrow.html

Apartments Autos Homes Items ... Personals LIBRARY FACTFILES FactFiles home Biographies Business Environment ... Sports MORE LIBRARY Library Home Flashback Special Reports CHANNELS News Opinion Business Sports ... Community EXTRAS Commuting Coupons Horoscopes Lotteries ... Star Links SERVICES Library FactFiles Message boards What's available ADVERTISERS Capital punishment in Indiana A guard mans a tower at the State Prison where Indiana's Death Row is housed. (Staff photo / Mpozi Mshale Tolbert) Related file: INDIANA'S DEATH ROW INMATES EXECUTIONS IN INDIANA: 82. Kevin Hough, May 2, 2003 81. James Lowery, June 27, 2001. 80. Gerald W. Bivins, March 14, 2001 79. D.H. Fleenor, Dec. 9, 1999 78. Robert A. Smith, Jan. 29, 1998 77. Gary Burris, Nov. 20, 1997 76. Tommie J. Smith, July 18, 1996 75. Gregory Resnover, Dec. 8, 1994 74. William Vandiver, Oct. 16, 1985 73. Steven A. Judy, March 9, 1981

94. CNN.com - Supreme Court Will Revisit Execution Of Teenage Killers - Jan. 26, 200 14 juvenile offenders were sentenced to death 13 young killers since capital punishmentwas reinstated According to the death penalty Information Center, there http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/01/26/scotus.death.penalty/

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Supreme Court will revisit execution of teenage killers By Bill Mears CNN Washington Bureau Story Tools RELATED The United States and juvenile executions Interactive: Death penalty in the United States FindLaw's Elaine Cassel on executing juvenile offenders Supreme Court bars executing mentally retarded Simmons v. Roper (FindLaw) Death Penalty Information Center SPECIAL REPORT Muhammad Malvo Jury sharply split in sparing Malvo Death penalty recommended for Muhammad ... Special Report YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Supreme Court Capital Punishment Crime, Law and Justice or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? WASHINGTON (CNN) The Supreme Court Monday agreed to again decide the constitutionality of executing people who were juveniles at the time they committed murder. The justices will consider the Missouri case of Christopher Simmons, who was 17 at the time of a murder-robbery. The state Supreme Court overturned his death sentence last year, saying the execution of those under 18 violated the Constitution's ban on "cruel and unusual punishment." Missouri officials then appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court asking the law be upheld.

95. Kentucky Overview - Juveniles - The International Justice Project Foes of capital punishment plan to attack several issues, but some prohibiting theexecution of those who commit capital crimes as juveniles had the http://www.internationaljusticeproject.org/juvKentucky.cfm

Home Search Site Map Links ... Contact IJP Site Links. . . Program Overview Execution Calendar -Current Calendar -All Calendars Juveniles -Introduction -Current Cases -Past Cases -International Instruments -Statistics -Resources -Briefs Foreign Nationals -Introduction -Current Cases -Past Cases -International Instruments -Statistics -Resources -Briefs Mental Retardation -Introduction -Current Cases -Past Cases -International Instruments -Resources -Briefs Mental Illness -Introduction -Current Cases -Past Cases -Briefs Brief Bank, Internships Project Overview Execution Calendar Juveniles Introduction ... Internships Kentucky Laws and Procedure for Execution Minimum Age for the Application of the Death Penalty In order to be eligible for execution, Kentucky offenders must have been at least 16 at the time of the offense (minimum age for execution as required by Stanford v. Kentucky) Kentucky and Mental Retardation Kentucky statutorily forbids the execution of the mentally retarded.

96. Death Penalty - Juvenile Issue Brief has made it easier to try juveniles as adults 37a, which states that “Neither capitalpunishment nor life a moratorium of the imposition of the death penalty. http://www.nmha.org/position/deathPenalty/juvissuebrief.cfm

Death Penalty and People with Mental Illness Background Of the 3,700 people on death row today, two percent were juveniles at the time they committed their offenses. [i]   Since 1973, 18 juvenile offenders have been executed. [ii] Nearly twenty-five percent of these executions occurred in 2000 alone. One contributing factor to this outrageous statistic is the fact that almost every state in the past nine years has made it easier to try juveniles as adults. [iii] Though the United States is the most outspoken country in human rights issues, it remains the only nation in the world that has not yet ratified the United Nations Convention Article 37a, which states that “Neither capital punishment nor life imprisonment without the possibility of release shall be imposed for offenses committed by persons below eighteen years of age.” [iv] Seventy-two males who were under eighteen years old at the time of the crime are now serving death sentences in the United States. [v] NMHA considers the execution of people for crimes they committed as children to be unjust and inhumane, serving no principled purpose, and demeaning to our system of justice. For this reason, NMHA joins with the American Bar Association (ABA) in their call for a moratorium of the imposition of the death penalty.

97. TalkLeft: ACLU To Host Juvenile Death Penalty Conference Friday February 14, 2003. ACLU to Host Juvenile death penalty Conference The ACLUCapital punishment Project is sponsoring a Youth death penalty Conference. http://talkleft.com/new_archives/001792.html

TalkLeft Premium Search Category Archives Blog Related Civil Liberties Constitution Court Decisions ... War on Terror Contributions Please chip in a little. Contributions keep TalkLeft strong. Amazon PayPal E-Mail and Comment Policy All e-mail received by TalkLeft is considered intended for publication unless otherwise indicated in the initial message from the writer. TalkLeft reserves the right to edit all e-mail and posted comments for content, clarity, and length. Comments that are abusive, contain profane material or violate the terms of service for this blog's host provider will be removed and the author(s) banned from future comments. Please don't send attachments. Stats var site="s11talkleft" Distinct visitors Legal Reprints Only by Permission. TalkLeft.com and CrimeLynx , Inc. The pump don't work 'cause the vandals took the handles Main Friday :: February 14, 2003 ACLU to Host Juvenile Death Penalty Conference The ACLU Capital Punishment Project is sponsoring a Youth Death Penalty Conference. If you know any students that may be interested in attending, please send out an email. The DC/MD/VA Student Convention will take place on Saturday, February 22nd from 11-5 at Howard Law School in Washington, DC. The conference's purpose is to bring youth together, educate them about the death penalty, and start planning for youth action in these states and on key issues like the juvenile death penalty.

98. Ajc.com Opinion Legal System No Protection For Juveniles the most culpable offenders, the death penalty should never The threat of capitalpunishment simply will not Moreover, research shows that juveniles tried in http://www.ajc.com/opinion/content/opinion/1103/06malvo.html

99. [06-24-99] Michael Kroll, America's Growing Isolation On The Death Penalty And J parliament formally abolished the death penalty after its of the United States oncapital punishment is even it comes to executing juvenile offenders, defined http://www.pacificnews.org/jinn/stories/5.13/990624-justice.html

Table of Contents Jinn Home Page Search Net-Links ... YO! America's Growing Isolation on the Death Penalty and Juvenile Justice By Michael A. Kroll Date: 06-24-99 This month Trinidad and Tobago made headlines by carrying out the first execution in five years. But far more indicative of world trends, according to the Death Penalty Information Center, was Russia's commutation of the death sentences of some 716 condemned prisoners. It's a worldwide trend that is leaving the United States, the self-proclaimed champion of human rights, increasingly isolated. PNS associate editor Michael Kroll writes widely on death penalty issues. W ith each execution, the United States the world's champion of human rights is moving more and more outside the margins of acceptable international law and practice. Indeed last year, when the U.N. Commission on Human Rights approved a resolution calling for a moratorium on the death penalty, the United States found itself voting with China, Iraq and Libya in opposition to it. This month Russian leader Boris Yelstin commuted the death sentences of the last of 716 condemned prisoners in Russia. This leaves the country historically among the world's biggest executioners only a step way from legal abolition. That last step is not likely to come soon, however, since Communists in the parliament, like our own Republican and Democratic legislators, still support capital punishment.

100. The Redwood Highway: Crime, Law And Related Links On The Web Some writings on juvenile justice, delinquency and control. Top of page. DeathPenalty. Illinois Governor Ryan s Commission on capital punishment. http://www.sonoma.edu/cja/info/infop5.html

Crime, Law and Related Links on the Web Next Page Back Special Issues (continued): Juvenile Justice Death Penalty Domestic Violence/Violence Against Women Drugs and Drug Policy Juvenile Justice Youth Violence: A Report of the Surgeon General National Center for Education Statistics, Indicators of School Crime and Safety, 1998 , in html or pdf. The American Bar Assocation's Juvenile Justice Center Children Now . The state of children in California. This site contains a report card on California children along with a summary of a study of girls in the media. Take this link to the 1999 report in pdf or this link to read it in html without the tables or figures. Marketing Violent Entertainment to Children . The latest study on how companies market videos, etc. with violent content to kids under eighteen. Principles of Restorative Justice as applied to Juvenile Justice: The Leuven Declaration , also linked under the " System Critique and Reform " section on the next page. Open your mind to alternative principles for transforming the juvenile justice system that do not merely center on punishment and more punishment. Restorative Justice: An Annotated Bibliography . Over 500 entries on the Prison Fellowship International web site.

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