1. Bulgaria History | Lonely Planet World Guide The modern history of Bulgaria and the Bulgarian little brother complexin relation to Russia - dates from this 1878 liberation. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/europe/bulgaria/history.htm

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks Bulgaria History In antiquity, Bulgaria, the land of Orpheus and Spartacus, belonged to the Kingdom of Macedonia. By 46 BC, the Romans had conquered the whole peninsula, which they inhabited until invasions by Thraco-Illyrian tribes left the area a devastated wasteland. Peaceful Slavic farmers grazed in during the 6th century. In 679, the Bulgars, thought to be of Indo-Iranian origin, crossed the Danube to found the First Bulgarian Empire; they then expanded south at Byzantium's expense before finally conquering Macedonia in the 9th century. The Bulgars were eventually assimilated by the more numerous Slavs, and adopted their language and way of life. In 865 a Byzantine monk who painted a picture of hell on the palace walls managed to frighten Tsar Boris I into accepting Orthodox Christianity. In 870 the Bulgarian Church became independent, with its own patriarch, which encouraged Tsar Simeon (893-927) to expand his kingdom through Serbia to the Adriatic Sea. Simeon's kingdom shrank again when he overstretched his covetous hands toward the Byzantine crown. This weakened Bulgaria, making it susceptible to the Byzantine emperor, Basil II, who had the eyes of 15,000 Bulgarian soldiers put out after a decisive victory in 1014. Bulgaria passed to Byzantine rule four years later. The Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1396) was founded after two brothers, Asen and Peter, led a general uprising against Byzantium. Swollen with renewed confidence, the new empire covered all of Thrace, Macedonia and Albania. It was gnawed away over the next two centuries by the Tatars and then the Turks. By the end of the 14th century, the Turks controlled all of Bulgaria, beginning five centuries of Ottoman rule.

2. Bulgaria History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, bulgaria history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources,Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/bulgaria/bulgaria_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... [TOP] Bulgaria History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/bulgaria/bulgaria_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies History Introduction Historical Setting EARLY SETTLEMENT AND EMPIRE Pre-Bulgarian Civilizations ... Bulgaria in the 1980s NOTE: The information regarding Bulgaria on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Bulgaria History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Bulgaria History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://workmall.com/wfb2001/bulgaria/bulgaria_history_index.html Revised 04-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

3. Bulgaria History History of Bulgaria. History Home Page, CountryReports.org. Subscription,Discuss World Issues! Past Country Profiles 1990 1991 1992 http://www.countryreports.org/history/bulgahist.htm

History of Bulgaria History Home Page CountryReports.org Subscription Discuss World Issues! Past Country Profiles: Historical Setting EARLY SETTLEMENT AND EMPIRE Pre-Bulgarian Civilizations The Slavs and the Bulgars ... Bulgaria in the 1980s Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Bolivia Bulgaria Cambodia Chad Chile China Congo, Dem. Rep. Colombia Comoros Cyprus Czech Republic Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Ethiopia Finland Georgia Germany Ghana Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakstan Korea, North

4. Bulgaria History, Coat, Map History. The Thracians lived in what is now known as Bulgaria from about 3500 BCE;they were incorporated into the Roman Empire by the first century CE At the http://clients.ttm.bg/germes/bulgaria.htm

BULGARIA Bulgaria is a small, but great country in the Eastern Europe. It has long and glorious history Europe and Bulgaria Bulgarian Map Coat of Bulgaria BULGARIA Geography Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey Geographic coordinates: 43 00 N, 25 00 E Map references: Europe Area: total: 110,910 sq km, land: 110,550 sq km, water: 360 sq km Land boundaries: total: 1,808 km, border countries: Greece 494 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km, Yugoslavia 318 km, Turkey 240 km Coastline: 354 km Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 NM, exclusive economic zone: 200 NM, territorial sea: 12 NM Climate: temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers Terrain: mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast Elevation extremes: lowest point: Black Sea m , highest point: Musala 2,925 m Natural resources: bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land

5. Bulgaria History country and installed a communist government in Bulgaria. In 1990a democratic government took control of Bulgaria. MORE HISTORY. http://www.nationbynation.com/Bulgaria/History1.html

BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE BASIC INFO. ECONOMY GEOGRAPHY ... BULGARIA Bulgaria was initially a part of the Byzantine Empire. When the Byzantine Empire fell it became independent. The Ottoman Empire conquered it in 1396. Bulgaria remained a member of the empire until 1878 when it became partially independent. It achieved full independence in 1908. Bulgaria participated in the Balkans Wars, which resulted in its loss of territory. During World War II Bulgaria was allied with Germany. At the end of the war the Soviet Union occupied the country and installed a communist government in Bulgaria. In 1990 a democratic government took control of Bulgaria. MORE HISTORY

6. Bulgaria History Home Page Bulgarian history. home history. Prehistory. Primitive The 8th and9th centuries were considered to be the Golden Age of Bulgaria. The http://www.eliznik.org.uk/Bulgaria/history/

Home Costume Music Dance ... Photos Bulgarian history home Prehistory Primitive tribes were living on Bulgarian soil as far back as the Neolithic period (40,000-10,000 BC). Around 3000 BC the Thracian people arrived and settled in the area now known as the valley of Thrace. They lived by breeding cattle, making ceramics or working gold and copper. They carried on trade with the Dacians (Romanians), Mycennaen Greeks, Illyrians (Albanians) and the Macedonians. About 300 BC, one of the tribes, called the Odrysses, laid the foundations for the Thracian state which flourished during two centuries, despite invasions from Scythians, Sarmatians and Celts. In 29 BC the Thracian hero Spartacus resisted a Roman invasion but in 45 AD the Romans finally managed to crush resistance and the Thracian state became part of the Roman Empire. By 300 AD the weakness of the Roman Empire led to invasions from the North of Visigoths, Huns and Ostrogoths, when Thracian villages were burned and plundered. When the Roman Empire was divided in 395 AD Thrace remained under the jurisdiction of Byzantium. In the late 5th and early 6th centuries Slav tribes arrived from the North. Seven of these tribes invaded the Danube Plain which was called the Moesia Region at this time. When the Byzantines tried to reconquer this territory the Slav tribes united to resist and thus formed a Slavonic state. Around 650 AD the Bulgars, a Turkic-Tartar tribe, were forced to emigrate from the Russian Plains. One third moved South under the leadership of Tartar Khan Asparuh and settled on the Thracian plain.

7. Bulgaria History - Customs takes place. Pentecost ROUSSALII. Roussalii are found in Pirin andaround Nikopol and Oryakhovo, in northern Bulgaria. This tradition http://www.eliznik.org.uk/Bulgaria/history/bulgaria_customs.htm

Home Costume Music Dance ... Photos Bulgarian customs home Customs and ritual dances Many Bulgarian customs and ritual dances have their roots in pre-Christian times and are considered to be the remains of Dionysian rites practised by the Thracians and adopted by the Slavs. Each custom or ritual dance "belongs" to a particular time of the year. The following descriptions follow the calendar sequence: Christmas Eve, December 24 - KOLEDOUVANE Carol singers called Koledari dance from house to house carrying a koledarka, which is a richly carved, decorated oak stick. They wear hats decorated with flowers and "popcorn". Wine, bread and cheese is given to them in return for their songs. Near Sofia, and in some other regions, they may be accompanied by a couple disguised as a bride and an old man who dance a ruchenitsa. New Year - SOUVAKARI Souvakari are masked dancers who wear coats made of goat skin or "tatters" and pointed hats around six feet high. They have large bells tied around their waists which clang loudly as they move. They carry wooden swords and a decorated cornel twig called a sourvachka. They "appear" in Breznik and Radomir Districts, à  opluk Region around the time of the New Year, travel in groups of seven or nine dancers from house to house and bring with them wishes for good health. They are followed by various characters such as "gods", clowns, a physician, a bride, or animals. When two groups meet they often fight a "mock" battle. This custom is of Slav origin.

8. Bulgaria History History (Last updated in April 2003). 7th century. 864. Boris I embraces Christianity.10181185. Bulgaria under Byzantine rule. 1185-1396. Second Bulgarian Empire. http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/laender_ausgabe_html?

9. Bulgaria History Wednesday 19.05.04 / 0613. Bulgaria. History. (Last updated in April 2003). 7thcentury. Turkic Bulgar tribes led by Asparukh conquer the area south of the Danube. http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/print_html?type_id=9&

10. History Of Bulgaria - Encyclopedia Article About History Of Bulgaria. Free Acces encyclopedia article about History of Bulgaria. History of Bulgaria in Free onlineEnglish dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. History of Bulgaria. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/History of Bulgaria

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia History of Bulgaria Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The history of Bulgaria begins in the 8th century AD with the arrival in the Balkan Peninsula The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe southeastern Europe (see the Definitions and boundaries section below). The region has a combined area of 550,000 km² and a population of around 53 million. The countries of Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, European part of Turkey, and the states which were previously part of the former Yugoslavia are normally described as being in the Balkans. Sometimes, Romania is also assigned to the region. Click the link for more information. of the Bulgars Bulgars (also Bolgars ) a people of Central Asia, probably originally Pamirian, whose branches became slavicized and perhaps Turkic over time. The Turkic etymology most often given for their name is Bulgha meaning mixed , though it might also be from Varkun Bolgars moved west from the lower-middle Volga river AD to control the second Avar dynasty of Onoguria (in Ukraine) by the mid-7th century. The group then split into two. Click the link for more information.

11. About Bulgaria: History, Geography, Culture, Economy; Balkans, Europe, Regional About bulgaria history, geography, culture, economy; Balkans, Europe, Globalisation,United Nations, Regional Economic Cooperation and Development, Integration http://www.megaone.com/nbulgaria/bulgaria/bginfo.htm

About Bulgaria on-line! by Neytcho ILTCHEV The author does not pretend for complete coverage on any of the below topics. This page is intended to provide a brief and comprehensive summary on Bulgarian history, economy and politics to the uninitiated rather than being a thorough reference. Bulgarian history outline The Republic of Bulgaria is situated at the centre of the Balkan Peninsula in South-Eastern Europe. Currently the country is member of the United Nations , the Council of Europe, the NATO and Associated Member of the EU. Bulgaria is also member of the World Trade Organisation - WTO (former GATT) and the Central European Free Trade Agreement ( CEFTA Following the shocking victory of ex-king Simeon's NDS party on 17 June 2001, Simeon II Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, became the Prime Minister. In November 2001, Bulgarian voters elected 44-year old Georgi Parvanov to be their president in an apparent show of frustration over poverty and corruption in the country. M. Parvanov is to be the leader who will prepare the ground for Bulgaria's EU and NATO membership. Since early 1997 Bulgaria has been governed by a right-wing coalition with a strong and stable social and parliamentary support for four years. The President of the Republic was also member of the same coalition.

12. The First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgaria History When he arrived and made an attempt to enter Bulgaria, the guards defended thewall manfully and bombarded and wounded the Back to Bulgarian History Page. http://www.megaone.com/nbulgaria/bulgaria/history1.htm

Bulgarian History [Next] The First Bulgarian Empire (681 - 1018) Bulgarian triumph over the Roman emperor Constantine IV , AD 681 Simeon The Great, 'Emperor of the Bulgarians and Romans' , AD 913 The Byzantine attack on Bulgaria, Battle of Acheloi , 20 August 917 The Battle of Kleidion, 15 000 prisoners blinded by Romans; the death of Samuel , AD 1014 Ancient Roman provinces Thrace and Moesia, which modern Bulgaria occupies, were settled (6th cent. A.D.) by Slavic tribes. In 679-80, Bulgarian people from the banks of the Volga, headed by Khan Asparuhk, crossed the Danube and settled permanently in the territory of Bulgaria. Bulgarian khan established a federal union with the seven Slavic tribes living in the provinces of Thrace and Moesia. The language and culture remained Slavic, and by the 9th century the Bulgarians had fully merged with the Slavs. Although surprised by the sudden and unprovoked attack and amazed at the multitude of cavalry and ships, the Bulgarians organized their forces and resisted the Roman army. On the fifth day of the battle khan Asparukh headed the counterattack of Bulgarian cavalry and utterly routed the Roman legions. Severely defeated by the Bulgarians, the Roman emperor Constantine IV hardly escape fleeing on a boat and abandoning his army. Bulgarian triumph over the Roman emperor Constantine IV, 681 AD

13. Bulgaria History Book Finder, Book Reviews and Compare Prices for bulgaria history History EuropeHistory bulgaria history. bulgaria history Book Review and Price Comparison. http://www.bookfinder.us/History/Europe_History/Bulgaria_History.html

Book Reviews and Compare Prices for Bulgaria History History : Europe History : Bulgaria History Home Browse Books Bookstore List Top Selling Books ... Rate Book Stores Search: Title/Author/Keywords/ISBN History Europe History Bulgaria History Book Review and Price Comparison Pages: Next Top Selling Books for Bulgaria History Beyond Hitler's Grasp: The Heroic Rescue of Bulgaria's Jews AUTHOR: Michael Bar-Zohar ISBN: 158062541X Publish Date: September 2001 Format: Paperback Compare prices for this book Bulgaria AUTHOR: Steven Otfinoski, Andrew Wentick ISBN: 0816037051 Publish Date: December 1998 Format: Hardcover Compare prices for this book Voices from the Gulag AUTHOR: Todorov, Tzvetan ISBN: 0271019611 Format: Hardcover Compare prices for this book The Fragility of Goodness : Why Bulgaria's Jews Survived the Holocaust AUTHOR: Tzvetan Todorov (Author), Arthur Denner (Translator) ISBN: 0691115648 Publish Date: September 2003 Format: Paperback Compare prices for this book Bury Me Standing: The Gypsies and Their Journey AUTHOR: Isabel Fonseca ISBN: 067973743X Publish Date: September 1996 Format: Paperback Compare prices for this book The Diary of Georgi Dimitrov, 1933-1949

14. Scouting In Bulgaria History of Scouting and current status of national Scouting organizations. http://n2zgu.50megs.com/BULG.htm

Ecommerce Solution Free Web Space Free Web Site Web Hosting ... Dial up $14.95 or NetZero Internet Service $9.95 SCOUTING IN BULGARIA Before the establishment of Communism in Bulgaria after World War II, there were over 6,000 Scouts in the country. With the advent of Communism, Scouting was outlawed and the resources of the Scout organizations were plundered and redistributed to the newly formed Communist youth organizations. The primary goal of these organizations, whose membership was compulsory, was the indoctrination of Bulgarian youth into Communism. To complicate matters, these organizations adopted many of the ideals of the Scout organizations they supplanted. Because of the bad experience with the Communist youth organizations, the Scouting Movement in Bulgaria is having a slow rebirth. BSO has approximately 2,800 Scouts and leaders nation-wide. This is in a country of approximately 9 million people. It is still a very small organization, with units mainly in the major cities. The whole organization is volunteer run. The BSO is open to both males and females. Bulgaria was accepted as the 151 st member of WOSM in January 1999 and officially welcomed to WOSM at the World Scout Conference in South Africa on July 25, 1999.

15. 1Up Travel : Bulgaria - History And Culture Of Bulgaria. bulgaria history and Culture. History Despite a turbulent history,Bulgaria is the oldest surviving state in Europe to have kept http://www.1uptravel.com/international/europe/bulgaria/history-culture.html

Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... National Parks More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Airline Tickets Car Rentals Cruises Hotels ... Vacations You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Europe Bulgaria ADVERTISEMENT Country At a Glance Introduction Topography Life Cuisine ... Newstand Worth a Visit !! Cities Attractions Shopping Eating Out ... Travel Links Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Bulgaria Guide Bulgaria Maps Bulgaria Hotels Bulgaria Flag ... Bulgaria Travel Warning Bulgaria History and Culture History Despite a turbulent history, Bulgaria is the oldest surviving state in Europe to have kept its original name, and most of the population are descendants of the Bulgar invasion of the south Danube around that time. Culture In the Middle Ages (especially in the 10th and 11th centuries), Bulgaria was the center of Slavic culture. Over the centuries Bulgarian culture has been influenced successively by Byzantine, Greek, Russian, and Western cultures. Acknowledgements: ASIATRAVELMART.COM

16. Bulgaria: History You are here History. Bulgaria. His cabinet was the first in the history of postCommunistBulgaria with an absolute majority at the National Assembly. http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=223

17. CultureGrams World Edition: Bulgaria: History Republic of. Bulgaria. History, Thracians are the oldest known inhabitantsof the area now called Bulgaria. They founded the Odrisaw http://www.culturegrams.com/demo/world/world_country_sections.php?sname=History&

18. Bulgaria History - World66 THE HISTORY OF THE LAND now known as Bulgaria has been determined by its locationbetween Asia and Europe by its proximity to powerful states competing for http://www.world66.com/europe/bulgaria/history

19. Books About Bulgaria History Search the net for about books bulgaria history. http://bookstore.mybulgariacenter.com/subject_bulgaria_history.htm

The MyBulgariaCenter Bookstore Search: Home Connect Contact Newsletter ... (Cultures of the World) by Kirilka Stavreva Buy It Now! Beyond Hitler's Grasp: The Heroic Rescue of Bulgaria's Jews by Michael Bar-Zohar Buy It Now! No picture for Peasants in power Peasants in power : Alexander Stamboliski and the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union, 1899-1923 by John D. Bell Buy It Now! No picture for Religion, Politics and Historiography in Bulgaria Religion, Politics and Historiography in Bulgaria by Carsten Riis Buy It Now! Christian Art in Bulgaria by Teofana Matakieva-Lilkova Buy It Now! No picture for American Contributions to the Tenth International Congress of Slavists American Contributions to the Tenth International Congress of Slavists: Sofia, September 1988: Literature by Bulgaria)/ Harris, jan International Congress of Slavists 1988 Sofia Buy It Now! No picture for An Introduction To Postcommunist Bulgaria An Introduction To Postcommunist Bulgaria by Emile Giatzidis Buy It Now! No picture for Bulgarian atrocities Bulgarian atrocities : documents and photographs by çIlker Alp Buy It Now!

20. Bulgaria: History Related content from HighBeam Research on bulgaria history. BulgariaBibliography. Chapters 1 through 7 (Countries of the World http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0857064.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Bulgaria History Early History Ancient Thrace and Moesia, which modern Bulgaria occupies, were settled (6th cent. A.D. Bulgars, Eastern In the 9th cent. Bulgaria became the arena of political and cultural rivalry between Constantinople and Rome. In 865, Boris I adopted Christianity, and in 870 Constantinople recognized the independence of the Bulgarian church. Bulgaria received Byzantine culture through the Slavic literary language developed by St. Cyril and St. Methodius in Moravia and brought to the Balkans by their disciples. The first Bulgarian empire reached its height under Simeon I Bogomils Bulgaria crumbled under the attacks of a reinvigorated Byzantium in the 10th cent., and in 1018 it was annexed by Emperor Basil II . Byzantine domination was weakened by the invasions of the Pechenegs and Cumans Veliko Turnovo Bulgaria under the Turks In 1330, Macedonian Bulgaria was conquered by Serbia. After the battles of Kosovo (1389) and

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