61. Botswana - History And Photo Catalog Of World Paper Money Paper Money. botswana. A brief monetary history South African currency,till 1976; Pula = (South African Rand) = 100 Thebe, from 1976. http://www.atsnotes.com/catalog/botswana/botswana.html

home glossary, grading etc. ordering History and Photo Catalog of World Paper Money BOTSWANA A brief monetary history: South African currency, till 1976 Pula = (South African Rand) = 100 Thebe, from 1976 For earlier issues see: South Africa , till 1976 Pick # Date Republic, from 1966 (former British colony Bechuanaland) 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 pula 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 pula (printer TDLR or Harrison) 10, 20, 50, 100 pula Collector Series 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 pula; specimen ( Franklin Mint Remarks: all images reduced 50% Banknotes are attributed to last Pick's catalogue: Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, volume 2: General Issues 1368-1960 Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, volume 3: Modern Issues 1961- Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, volume 1: Specialized Issues To purchase banknotes, please check our price lists: World banknotes (part 1): countries A-F World banknotes (part 2): countries G-M World banknotes (part 3): countries N-Z We are always looking to buy collections or better individual banknotes. home glossary, grading etc.

62. Botswana Travel | Lonely Planet World Guide Facts and information about the country and its environment, history, economy, culture, and attractions. http://www.lonelyplanet.co.uk/dest/afr/bot.htm

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks Botswana Beyond the narrow eastern corridor where the majority of population is concentrated, Botswana is a largely roadless wilderness of savannas, deserts, wetlands and salt pans. Skinflints and softies beware: This remains a destination for the intrepid, well-heeled traveller. Botswana is an African success story. It achieved independence from Britain in 1966 and immediately thereafter, in a mad stroke of luck, discovered three of the world's richest diamond mines. Today it enjoys a relatively enlightened government, and good health, educational and economic standards. To ensure the country's natural assets are preserved, Botswana's government has embraced a policy of courting primarily high-cost, low-impact tourism, although recent years have seen options for independent, budget-minded travellers grow. Full country name: Republic of Botswana Area: 600,370 sq km Population: 1.6 million People: Batswana 60%, Bakalanga, Basarwa, Bakgalagadi Language: English, Setswana

63. History Of Botswana PEOPLE AND history The Batswana, a term inclusively used to denote all citizensof botswana, also refers to the country s major ethnic group (the Tswana in http://www.worldrover.com/history/botswana_history.html

Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Botswana PEOPLE AND HISTORY The Batswana, a term inclusively used to denote all citizens of Botswana, also refers to the country's major ethnic group (the "Tswana" in South Africa), which came into the area from South Africa during the Zulu wars of the early 1880s. Prior to European contact, the Batswana lived as herders and farmers under tribal rule. In the late 19th century, hostilities broke out between the Batswana and Boer settlers from the Transvaal. After appeals by the Batswana for assistance, the British Government in 1885 put "Bechuanaland" under its protection. The northern territory remained under direct administration and is today's Botswana, while the southern territory became part of the Cape Colony and is now part of the northwest province of South Africa; the majority of Setswana-speaking people today live in South Africa. Despite South African pressure, inhabitants of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, Basutoland (now Lesotho), and Swaziland in 1909 asked for and received British assurances that they would not be included in the proposed Union of South Africa. An expansion of British central authority and the evolution of tribal government resulted in the 1920 establishment of two advisory councils representing Africans and Europeans. Proclamations in 1934 regularized tribal rule and powers. A European-African advisory council was formed in 1951, and the 1961 constitution established a consultative legislative council.

64. Adventure In Botswana history People. The aboriginal inhabitants of botswana, who have made theKalahari their home for at least 30,000 years, are the San, or bushmen. http://www.geographia.com/botswana/

Exploring Botswana Exploring Botswana Africa Homepage Geographia Home Botswana is one of the few remaining destinations in Africa that still provides a good sense of the adventure of safari. Its expansive game parks and preserves, while offering wildlife as diverse and abundant as that found anywhere else, are still largely undeveloped and untamed. Botswana lies immediately to the north of South Africa. It is bordered on the north and west by Namibia, on the north and east by Zimbabwe, and is connected by a narrow strip of land on the northern border to Zambia. Its territory consists almost entirely of a broad, flat, arid subtropical plateau, though there are hills in the eastern part of the country. In the northwest, the Okavango River empties into the Kalahari sands, creating the largest inland river delta in the world. While the Okavango Delta is home to relatively few large game animals in comparison to other areas of Botswana, its clear waters and myriad small islands are home to an astounding variety of birds, plants, and smaller species of animals. Nearby is Chobe National Park, a beautiful grassland reserve that has gained international fame for its abundant elephant population. Southeast of Chobe are Botswana's enormous Makgadikgadi salt pans, home to large herds of blue wildebeest, several antelope species, and those international lovers of salt pans, flamingos.

65. WHKMLA : History Of Botswana, ToC at Stanford Timeline botswana, from timelines.ws Chronology of Catholic Dioceses botswana, from Kirken i Norge history of botswana, from newafrica.com, 3 http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/southafrica/xbotswana.html

South Africa Namibia First posted in April 2002, Last revised on March 30th 2004 Bechuanaland before 1885 Bechuanaland 1885-1918 Bechuanaland 1918-1939 Bechuanaland 1939-1965 ... Botswana independent, since 1966 EXTERNAL FILES CIA World Factbook : Botswana ; BBC Country Profile : Botswana ; World Reference Desk : Botswana ; Art and Life in Africa : Botswana Botswana Page, from African Studies at UPenn; from Africa South of the Sahara at Stanford Timeline : Botswana, from timelines.ws Chronology of Catholic Dioceses : Botswana, from Kirken i Norge History of Botswana, from newafrica.com , 3 chapters; from Lonely Planet , from World Rover ; from IIASA Population Project Political Resources on the Net : Botswana For the Record : Botswana , from UN Human Rights System Languages of Botswana (26), from Ethnologue Article Bechuanaland, from EB 1911 Global Currency History : Botswana ; Tables of Modern Monetary History : Africa, from www.dollarization.org , scroll down for Botswana Botswana, from Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and Commonwealth Worldwide Refugee Information : Botswana, from U.S. Committee for Refugees

66. GlobalEDGE (TM) | Country Insights - Overview Of Botswana Includes statistics, history, economy and government. http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/countryintro.asp?CountryID=80

67. Botswana - Guide To Internet Resources general. http//bwenglish.tripod.com/ University of botswana. historyDepartment . Tripod Site Has a history of botswana by Prof. http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/bots.html

Countries : Botswana Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home See also: Botswana News Africa Inter Mennonite Mission "Organized as the Congo Inland Mission in 1912, AIMM currently has missionaries in six areas of Africa working among various ethnic and language groups." Based in Elkhart, Indiana. Describes their work in Botswana, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of Congo (former Zaire), Lesotho, Senegal, South Africa . Has full text articles from their journal, Messenger . http://www.aimmintl.org/home.htm Has an e-mail list . For other Mennonite sources see: MennoLink - Mennonite Information Center - http://www.MennoLink.org/mic/menno.html African Internet Connectivity- Mike Jensen Current information on internet service providers, telecommunications, networking in Botswana . Excellent source maintained by Mike Jensen. http://www3.sn.apc.org/africa/ Ananzi Search Engine Search engine which searches South African web sites. Enter a search query for Botswana or use the advanced search. By IS-Commercial of The Internet Solution Group. http://www.ananzi.co.za/

68. Botswana College Of Agriculture Information on departments, services, administration, history. http://www.bca.bw/

69. African History For K-12 Classes com/outpost/ Parsons, Neil history of botswana Authoritative historical essays,by Professor Parsons of the University of botswana, history Department. http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/history/hisk12.html

Topics History : K - 12 Resources Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home Teachers may also find useful material in the other History sections. African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Dr. Gloria Emeagwali, Professor of History, Central Connecticut State University, provides citations to books and links to web sites relating to the, "Background History of Africa, African Food Processing Techniques, African Textile Techniques, African Metallurgy, Colonialism and Africa's Technology, and Mathematics in pre-colonial Hausaland, West Africa. http://www.africahistory.net African Odyssey InterActive - Kennnedy Center for the Performing Arts Site for a festival in New York of music, dance, and theater from Africa and the African Diaspora. Describes events At the Kennedy Center In the Washington, DC Area Around the World . Has interviews with African scholars and artists, a directory of web sites about Dance, Music, Literary Arts/Storytelling, Theater/Performance, K-12 teaching resources . [KF] http://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/odyssey.html

70. Botswana Flag History This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website botswana flag history. http://flagspot.net/flags/bw_hist.html

Botswana flag history Last modified: by bruce berry Keywords: botswana bechuanaland high commissioner Links: FOTW homepage search write us mirrors ... "Bechuana flag" See also: Botswana High Commissioner's flag by Jaume Ollé Prior to independence on 30 September 1966, Botswana was the British protectorate of Bechuanaland. The Bechuanaland Protectorate was administered through the office of the High Commissioner in South Africa which was created by letters patent in 1878. The High Commissioner was charged with the conduct of British relations with the South African Republic (Transvaal) and the Orange Free State, as well as with "those native states and tribes outside the colonies of the Cape and Natal, including Swaziland" (which was administered by the government of the South African Republic under the convention of 1894). The High Commissioner was also governor of Basutoland (now Lesotho ) and supervised the affairs of the Bechuanaland Protectorate (now Botswana ) and Swaziland The High Commissioner flew a British Union Flag charged in the centre, on a white roundel, with the letters S.A.H.C. in black above which was a Tudor crown, all within a green garland of laurel. This flag which was taken into use in 1907, is similar in design to that of the Western Pacific High Commissioner. This flag was used until 1931 after which the posts of Governor-General and High Commissioner were separated. The governor-general of South Africa would henceforth fly a royal-blue flag bearing the royal crest with two scrolls inscribed "Union of South Africa" and "Unie van Suid-Afrika" respectively. The High Commissioner, based in South Africa, was represented by a Resident Commissioner in each of the high commission territories (Basutoland, Bechuanaland and Swaziland). Of these, only the Resident Commissioner for Basutoland, which was a crown colony, had a personal flag. The other two territories were British protectorates and thus their inhabitants were merely "protected persons".

71. A Short History Of Botswana facts, maps, flags and pictures from countries around the world. A Shorthistory of botswana. Search Google for another short history of botswana. http://www.abacci.com/atlas/history.asp?countryID=152

72. Botswana (04/04) Because of history and geography, botswana has long had deep ties tothe economy of South Africa. The Southern Africa Customs Union http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1830.htm

[Print Friendly Version] Bureau of African Affairs April 2004 Background Note: Botswana PROFILE OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of Botswana Geography Area: 582,000 sq. km. (224,710 sq. mi.), about the size of Texas. Cities (2001 census): Capital Gaborone (pronounced ha-bo-ro-neh), pop. 186,007. Other towns Francistown (83,023), Selebi-Phikwe (49,849), Molepolole (54,561), Kanye (40,628), Serowe (42,444), Mahalapye (39,719), Lobatse (29,689), Maun (43,776), Mochudi (36,962). Terrain: Desert and savanna. Climate: Mostly subtropical. People Nationality: Noun and adjective Motswana (sing.), Batswana (pl.). Population (2003): 1.76 million. Annual population growth rate (2002): 0.6%. Ethnic groups: Tswana 79%; Kalanga 11%; Kgalagadi, Herero, Bayeyi, Himbukush, Basarwa ("Bushmen"), Khoi ("Hottentots"), whites 10%. Religions: Christianity 60%, indigenous beliefs 40%. Languages: English (official), Setswana, Ikalanga. Education: Adult literacy Health (2001): Life expectancy -38.1 years. Infant mortality rate Work force (2003): 274,000. Government Type: Republic, parliamentary democracy.

73. Welcome To Investec :: History Investor Relations. Social Investment. Terms and Conditions. Mission, philosophies values. history. Australia. botswana. Guernsey. Hong Kong. Ireland. Israel. Jersey. http://www.investec.com/GroupLinks/AboutInvestec/History/

Israel South Africa United Kingdom Investec.com homepage ... About Investec Careers Contact details Economic Research Empowerment Investor Relations Social Investment Terms and Conditions History Australia Botswana ... Overview Financial results Press Publications Share Performance Shareholder Information Credit ratings Analyst coverage Frequently Asked Questions Diary Dual Listed Companies Structure ... The Cradle Project For individuals For corporate For institutions For parastatals For government Australia Botswana Guernsey Hong Kong ... United Kingdom Asset Management Corporate Broking Employee Benefits Investec Trust Private Equity Private Bank Property Securities Australia Botswana Hong Kong Ireland Israel Mauritius South Africa ... Structured Property Finance South Africa United Kingdom Investec Property Group Metboard Provest ... Israel South Africa United Kingdom Institutional Securities Private Client Securities Insitutional Securities Private Client Securities ... United States Online Services Group Links Business Units Select Country homepage History History Since inception as a small finance company in 1974, Investec’s development followed a carefully charted course. Based on the core philosophy of building well-defined businesses focused on serving the needs of select market niches, Investec's steady expansion was, and continues to be, firmly rooted in the recognition of a clearly defined strategy for the group. Continued rationalisation of the businesses of IEB with Capital Alliance Limited.

74. History Of Ker & Downey Botswana The history of Ker Downey in botswana. In 1962, Ker Downey Safarisof Kenya expanded its operations into botswana. Harry Selby http://www.kerdowney.com/history.html

Conservation Nothern Air Botswana Site Map History Mrs. Phyllis Palmer hard at work in Maun. In 1962, Ker & Downey Safaris of Kenya expanded its operations into Botswana. Harry Selby, legendary hunter and a director of the original organization, was selected to run the Botswana operation. The new company operated separately as Ker Downey Selby of Botswana and successfully featured only hunting safaris until 1968, when photographic safaris were developed as a new tour option. The company's goal was to make photographic safari tours the premier safari alternative. With this in mind, the first safari lodges (Khwai, Savuti, Xugana) were built for this popular new safari option. For the first time in Botswana, "comfort" was brought to safaris. Ker Downey Selby Safaris operated as a full-service hunting and photographic outfitter until 1978. The plight of the African elephant has been an emotionally charged issue due in part to the conservation strategy of 'culling.' In 1990, noted elephant trainer, author and conservationist, Randall Moore joined forces with Ker Downey Botswana to produce the world's unique safari program - Elephant Back Safaris. Orphaned elephants from the culling process became the nucleus of this family that supported itself and the conservation effort through active participation in the tourism industry. Elephant Back Safaris are today the jewel in the crown of Botswana's photographic safaris.

75. Nations Online :: Botswana Official web sites of botswana, the capital of botswana, art, culture,history, cities, airlines, embassies, tourist boards and newspapers. http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/botswana.htm

advertise with us This page is part of One World - Nations Online the countries of the world Home Africa Botswana One World - Nations Online Countries and Nations keywords: Botswana information, Botswana news papers, tourist information for Botswana, Botswana map Note: External links will open in a new browser window. Official Sites Map News Culture ... Additional Links Botswana Country Profile Flag of Botswana Background: Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. The economy, one of the most robust on the continent, is dominated by diamond mining. Botswana has a flourishing multiparty constitutional democracy. Each of the elections since independence has been freely and fairly contested and has been held on schedule. The country's small white minority and other minorities participate freely in the political process. Tourism is an increasingly important industry in Botswana, accounting for almost 12% of GDP. One of the world's unique ecosystems, the Okavango Delta, is located in Botswana. The country offers excellent game viewing and birding both in the Delta and in the Chobe Game Reservehome to one of the largest herds of free-ranging elephants in the world. Botswana's Central Kalahari Game Reserve also offers good game viewing and some of the most remote and unspoiled wilderness in southern Africa. (Source: various sources) border countries: Namibia South Africa Zimbabwe related countries: Angola United Kingdom Zambia Official Name:

76. History - UNV - UN Botswana Vision 2016 aspires for botswana to be a compassionate, just and caringnation with all the key elements of volunteerism. botswana http://www.unbotswana.org.bw/unv_history.html

Vision 2016 aspires for Botswana to be a compassionate, just and caring nation with all the key elements of volunteerism. Botswana has been one of the main hosts of United Nations Volunteers (UNV) in Africa. The deployment of UN volunteers has been an important feature of UNDP's support to the country, particularly due to capacity problems and justifiably due to the demand for cost-effective expertise for the bulk of programmes being supported by the Government of Botswana As many as 300 UNVs have served in the country which grew from 1973 to around 86 in late 1989. The UNVs have collaborated with various national partners in drought relief, teaching, water and sanitation, nursing and other technically-oriented fields, e.g., postal services, soil mapping, meteorology, civil aviation, data processing, business management, and handicrafts. Individual UNVs have successfully transferred their technical knowledge with relative ease to the national co-workers who worked with them as counterparts. To date, there are thirty-seven (38) international UNV specialists representing seventeen (17) countries, who are serving different host agencies in Botswana. Most are attached to nationally-executed (NEX) projects, e.g., support to the National AIDS Programme and support to the National Gender Programme. This number is expected to grow to 50 by the end of this year as it embarks its recruitment for more and more UNVs in Botswana. These UNVs will be assigned to the National AIDS Programme and in support to the UN Secretary General's initiative, the

77. Botswana Country Brief: History 2 University of botswana history Department, http//humanities.ub.bw/.3 US Department of State, Background Notes. 1997. history of botswana. http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/POP/pde/briefs/bw-history.html

Country Briefs: Botswana Botswana Namibia Mozambique Title Page ... Acknowledgments Version 1.0, Feb. 2001 Contents - General Information - Geography and Environment - Population and HIV/AIDS - Economy ... - Chronology of History Note: The following was drawn from the sources [1,2,3]. History Batswana is a term which stands for all citizens of Botswana, regardless of ethnic origin (note: since 1946 the population was never counted by ethnic origin). It also refers to the country's major ethnic group, the "Tswana", which came into the area from South Africa during the Zulu wars of the early 1880s. Before colonialization the Batswana lived as herders and farmers. . Christian missionaries started the development of a common dialect of Setswana, which was finally standardized by the colonial authorities. . The British government puts "Bechuanaland" under its protection, after hostilities between the Batswana and Boer settlers. . Proclamations in 1934 regularize tribal rule and powers. (This goes back to the eight Tswana states which ruled most of the area in the 19th century. The people of these states were given the official colonial status of "tribes".) . A European-African advisory council was formed. . The constitution established a consultative legislative council.

78. Botswana Country Brief: General Information html. 2 University of botswana history Department, http//humanities.ub.bw/.3 US Department of State, Background Notes. botswana http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/POP/pde/briefs/bw-gen.html

Country Briefs: Botswana Botswana Namibia Mozambique Title Page ... Acknowledgments Version 1.0, Feb. 2001 Contents - General Information - Geography and Environment - Population and HIV/AIDS - Economy ... - Chronology of History General Information General country name: Conventional long form: Republic of Botswana Conventional short form: Botswana (BW) Former: Bechuanaland Nationality Government type: Parliamentary republic, democracy Capital: Gaborone Administrative division: 9 districts and town councils* in alphabetical order: Central, Francistown*, Gaborone*, Ghanzi, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Lobatse*, North-East, North-West, Selebi-Phikwe*, South, South-East Census districts 1991 : Because of their size, some districts were divided into census districts (total 24): - Central: was already divided into the sub-districts of Central Mahalapye, Serowe/Palalye, Central Bobonong, Central Boteti and Central Tutume - Ghanzi, including Central Kgalagadi Game Reserve: no subdivision

79. Botswana botswana s rich history differs from many others in Africa. People there stillrely on their rich, fertile land for food, growth, and more. By Blair Smith. http://tps.dpi.state.nc.us/connectafrica/botswana/history.html

Botswana Click here to return to the Botswana page... History Botswana was first inhabited by the Khoikhoi and San people. Iron Age sites in Botswana started up around AD 190 and were settled during the southern migration of Bantu-speaking farmers. Through the 7th and 13th centuries, chiefdoms developed in the southeast near Gabane and in the northwest as far as the Tsodilo hills. Developed in the Western Transuaal in the 13th and 14th centuries, the Tswana dynasties moved into Botswana in the 18th century and made several powerful states, which were Ngwaketse, Kwena, and Twana. In the early 19th century, warfare disrupted their development, yet in the 1840's trading states were reconstituted. In the 19th century, gold was discovered in the region, that excited European interest in the area. On September 30, 1966, the Republic of Botswana was determined as an independent member of the British commonwealth and became a member of the United Nations. Since independence, Botswana has attempted to maintain a balance between its economic dependence on South Africa and its foreign relations with the surrounding Black African countries. Botswana's rich history differs from many others in Africa. People there still rely on their rich, fertile land for food, growth, and more.

80. History Of Botswana - Www.gov.bw - Details | MuseumStuff.com history of botswana www.gov.bw map information and links .. museumstuff.com links history of botswana - www.gov.bw. history of botswana - www.gov.bw. http://www.museumstuff.com/rec/gen6172.html

museumstuff.com links :: History of Botswana - www.gov.bw History of Botswana - www.gov.bw OVERVIEW - Hunters traders and missionaries started arriving in Botswana in 1806. The industrial revolution in Europe had created a need for new markets and raw materials. This precipitated a later rush for Africa from traders seeking concessions for their governments. - Missionaries were to play a major role in the lives of Batswana, acting as mediators in disputes with other white men and bringing a religion to the country which today is central to many Batswana lives. URL http://www.gov.bw/gem/history_of_botswana.html

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