21. Culture In Botswana link status good. BOTSWANA Culture Guide - botswana history Culturelink status good. BOTSWANA - Culture Information - CULTURE http://www.kasbah.com/vitalstats/culture_and_history/culture/botswana_botswana_1

var c = "c2"; Home Travel Guide Flights Cars ... Adventure Tours USA users click here for the best deals Botswana Culture in Botswana You are here: Botswana Your search for Culture in Botswana returned results BOTSWANA - Culture link status good BOTSWANA - Culture Guide Botswana history: Culture link status good BOTSWANA - Culture Information CULTURE Home AboutUs ContactUs Profile Weather History People Culture Government Tourist Guide The Economy Int. Businesses Stock Market Foreign Relations High Commission Botswana's early t... link status good BOTSWANA - College of Agriculture Home page of Botswana College of Agriculture, faculty of Agriculture of the University of Botswana link status good Global Travel Toolbox Books Currency Converter Finance and Insurance Food and Drink Fun and Trivia Language Converter Look Up / Reference luggage Maps Miscellaneous Outdoor Travelling Gear Telecoms and Communications Tickets for Events Travel Magazines Travel Tips Weather Global Travel Toolbox flights Car Rental Hotels Hostels ... Search Amazon.com

22. African Studies: Botswana botswana history Resources The botswana history pages by Prof. Neil Parsonsand other resources are designed for seekers after knowledge about Botswana. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/Botswana.html

African Studies Internet Resources African Studies Email: africa @libraries.cul.columbia.edu African Studies Internet Resources home WWW Virtual Library ... Department home Botswana African Information Society Initiative: Botswana Internet Data, 1998 (AISI Connect Online Database, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, in association with Bellanet International Secretariat, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) Basic ICT infrastructure data, links to ICT projects and related web sites. Compare with National Information and Communications Infrastructure for Sustainable Development in Africa below. AllAfrica.Com on Botswana (AllAfrica Global Media, Inc., Washington, DC) Current and recent news on Botswana from Botswana and other southern African regional news services and the UN agencies. Warning : the searchable archive for articles older than 30 days is only available through subscription. Amnesty International on Botswana, 2001 (Washington, DC and New York) Bank of Botswana (Gaborone, Botswana) This official website offers current news and statistics on the bank, official documents, and other information on the banking sector and the Botswana economy in general. Directory of Financial Institutions Operating in Botswana in 2002. (Online)

23. African Studies - History And Cultures botswana history Resources (University of Botswana, Department of History,Gaborone) The botswana history pages by Prof. Neil Parsons http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/cult.html

History and Cultures of Africa A B C D ... Sights and Sounds of a Continent (University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries and African Studies Program, Madison, Wisconsin) This web site offers dwnloadable images, sound files, and other materials on Africa. "This online collection ... contains digitized visual images and sounds of Africa contributed over the years to the African Studies Program of the University of Wisconsin-Madison." Africa Forum (H-Africa, H-Net Humanities and Social Sciences OnLine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.) The full text article reprinted from History in Africa. 22 (1995): 369-408. "History facing the present: an interview with Jan Vansina" (November 2001) and Reply by Jean-Luc Vellut "Photography and colonial vision," by Paul S. Landau (May 19, 1999, Dept. of History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut) Excerpt from "The visual image in Africa: an introduction" in Images and empires: visuality in colonial and post-colonial Africa, ed. by Paul S. Landau and Deborah Kaspin. H-Africa Africa Forum Home Page H-Africa Network Home Page Africa's 100 Best Books (Zimbabwe International Book Fair, Harare; via Columbia University)

24. Botswana: History Encyclopedia—botswana history. San (Bushmen) were the aboriginalinhabitants of what is now Botswana, but they constitute only http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0856990.html

Encyclopedia Botswana History San (Bushmen) were the aboriginal inhabitants of what is now Botswana, but they constitute only a small portion of the population today. The Tswana supplanted the San, who remained as subjects. Beginning in the 1820s, the region was disrupted by the expansion of the Zulu and their offshoot, the Ndebele. However, Khama II, chief of the Ngwato (the largest Tswana nation), curbed the depredations of the Ndebele and established a fairly unified state. A new threat arose in the late 19th cent. with the incursion of Boers (Afrikaners) from neighboring Transvaal . After gold was discovered in the region in 1867, the Transvaal government sought to annex parts of Botswana. Although the British forbade annexation, the Boers continued to encroach on native lands during the 1870s and 80s. German colonial expansion in South West Africa (Namibia) caused the British to reexamine their policies, and, urged on by Khama III Britain provided for the eventual transfer of Bechuanaland to the Union of South Africa; in succeeding years, however, South Africa's attempts at annexation were countered by British insistence that Bechuanaland's inhabitants first be consulted. The rise of the National party in South Africa in 1948 and its pursuit of apartheid turned British opinion against the incorporation of Bechuanaland into South Africa. Although Bechuanaland spawned no nationalist movement, Britain granted it internal self-government in 1965 and full independence as Botswana on Sept. 30, 1966. Shortly after, Botswana became a member of the United Nations. Seretse

25. World Odyssey - Botswana History In the early 19th Century, European missionaries arrived in presentday Botswanawith the aim of converting the dominant Tswana tribes and generally met with http://www.world-odyssey.com/botswana/botswana-history.htm

Essential Info Highlights Itineraries History The Kalahari region has for many thousands of years been the homeland of the Bushmen, traditionally hunter-gatherers who live a semi-nomadic existence. For the past few centuries, pastoral tribesmen have arrived from other areas of southern Africa and settled much of the land with their cattle. In the early 19th Century, European missionaries arrived in present-day Botswana with the aim of converting the dominant Tswana tribes and generally met with limited success. At the same time South African Boers, who were having their own difficulties with the British in the Cape, started to look north for land. Local tribesmen were engaged in a series of battles with the Boers and were regularly looking to Britain for assistance and protection. They finally gained this when Britain declared the area north of the River Molopo the British Protectorate of Bechuanaland in 1885. With the economy in poor shape and controversy raging between the Resident Commissioner and the tribal chiefs on how to manage the country, the seeds of nationalism were sown. From the 1940's to 1960's nationalist calls grew and the Batswana people started their own political parties. General elections were held in 1965 and Seretse Khama, the rightful heir to the tribal throne, was elected President. In September 1966 the country, now called Botswana, became independent. In the late 1960's rich diamond deposits were discovered, which has transformed the country's economy and has helped to turn Botswana into one of Africa's most peaceful and well-off nations.

26. Directory Index botswana history Page 1 Brief History of Botswana; botswana history Page 10 Politics;botswana history Page 11 Religion; botswana history Page 12 Science http://www.thuto.org/ubh/bw/

Index of pages Total of 29 HTML files found. Directories top colad Back to contents Top directory Botswana History Page 1: Brief History of Botswana Botswana History Page 10: Politics Botswana History Page 11: Religion Botswana History Page 12: Science ... Botswana History Page 1: Brief History of Botswana Description: Brief history of Botswana, by Prof. Neil Parsons, University of Botswana History Department Headings: -1: A Brief History of Botswana INTRODUCTION Early Hunting, Pastoral, and Farming People -Bantu-speaking farmers Iron Age Chiefdoms and States -Eastern Botswana chiefdoms -North-western Botswana chiefdoms -Rise of Tswana domination Growth of Tswana States -Times of war -Post-war Tswana commercial prosperity A British Protectorate -Threats of incorporation Advance to Independence BOTSWANA GAINS INTERNATIONAL STATURE -Economic and political growth Masire succeeds Seretse Khama Mogae succeeds Masire History Links Bibliography Botswana History Page 10: Politics Description: History of Botswana: politics Headings: -10: Politics Constitution President and Vice-President Political parties Local government Foreign policy Legal system Police and military Politics links BIBLIOGRAPHY Botswana History Page 11: Religion Description: History of Botswana: Religion Headings: -11: Religion RELIGION LINKS BIBLIOGRAPHY Botswana History Page 12: Science Description: Botswana history: Science Headings: -12: Science BOTANY ZOOLOGY (WILDLIFE) GEOLOGY MEDICINE TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE LINKS BIBLIOGRAPHY Botswana History Page 13: Society Description: Botswana history: Society

27. Botswana: History Click to go to text menu. You are here History. Botswana. In the courseof its history «Bechuanaland» (the English corruption http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=220

28. History-Botswana HISTORY. Bush people were the original inhabitants of Botswana. Theyoriginated in the north and have gradually migrated southwards. http://www.namasthenri.com/botswana/history.html

HISTORY Home AboutUs ContactUs Profile ... High Commission Bush people were the original inhabitants of Botswana. They originated in the north and have gradually migrated southwards. Approximately 2,000 years ago the Hottentots followed the Bush people who were then followed by Bantu speakers. The three groups coexisted happily and there was a flourishing trade between them. Shona speakers settled in the north east of Botswana in around the 10th century AD. The first Tswana settled in the south east of Botswana in approximately the 15th century possibly having migrated from the south. By the 18th century the Tswana were very well established in the area. In 1820 various clans began to form into a string of nations along what is now the border between Botswana and South Africa this was prompted because the clans felt the need to defend themselves against the tide of humanity fleeing from the Transvaal and Natal between 1820 and 1840 as a result of Zulu militancy and Boer expansionism. The borders were secured in 1885 with the declaration of a British protectorate known as Bechuanaland, the reason behind the declaration was the rivalry between the British and the Boers

29. History Of Botswana Search. 20th Century History History of Botswana. Background State. Britannica.combotswana history An excellent history from Britannica.com. http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxbotswana.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History 20th Century History Home ... Free, Email Newsletter zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Decade By Decade Great Events of the Century Horrible Disasters Quiz Yourself ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About 20th Century History newsletter. Search 20th Century History History of Botswana Background Notes: Botswana Historical information from the United States Department of State. Britannica.com: Botswana History An excellent history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below the article to navigate through the complete text of this encyclopedia entry. Flags of the World: Botswana Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of Botswana A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site. History of Botswana An extensive history of Botswana, from the official government site. Infoplease.com: Botswana Overview

30. Botswana Vacation Guide: Romantic Botswana Vacations, Honeymoons. Botswana Overview botswana history Botswana Culture Botswana Geography BotswanaPractical Info Botswana Vacation Planner Botswana Luxury Cruise Planner. http://www.travelwizard.com/africa/Botswana_History.html

Site Index Africa Luxury Vacations: Call 1-415-662-2683 to book. Open every day! Places in Africa Algeria Angola Benin ... Zimbabwe Botswana: History Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. The economy, closely tied to South Africa's, is dominated by cattle raising and mining. Botswana Overview Botswana History Botswana Culture Botswana Geography ... Botswana Pictures Submit Free, Full Service Africa Vacation Planner Here Click here to save money, time and stress planning, making reservations, or booking your Africa vacation with our full service Virtuoso Travel Consultants We are recommended, authorized Virtuoso Africa Travel Consultants, and will arrange every little detail to make sure you have a wonderful, carefree vacation experience at no extra charge! You may call our Africa Travel Consultants, but first- we'd really appreciate it if you complete our " Africa Vacation Planner" so we have all your requirements beforehand and are prepared to present you with all your options and up-to-the-minute specials. Thank you very much! Call to book your Africa vacation.

31. Botswana History botswana history. Botswana was first occupied by the Bushmen, they werethere for about 30,000 years. Many other tribes came to Botswana http://www.east-buc.k12.ia.us/00_01/AF/bot/bot_his.htm

32. NCBuy: Botswana History - Country Reference History background report for Botswana. part of the Countries of the World ReferenceCenter profile for Botswana. Country List ». Backgrounds botswana history. http://www.ncbuy.com/reference/country/backgrounds.html?code=bc&sec=backhistory

33. LIS Botswana - Seite 1: Landesüberblick Translate this page immer!). Auszug der botswana history Pages Sehr umfangreiche und informativeSeite - nehmen Sie sich Zeit zum Durcharbeiten! (Falls http://www.dse.de/za/lis/botswana/seite1.htm

Homepage Seite 1: Landes- BOTSWANA Die Republik Botswana Die Eine etwas detailliertere Karte mit Verwaltungsgrenzen Achtung: Die Karten werden in einem neuen Browser-Fenster angezeigt! Aktuelle Satelliten-Wetterbilder EarthView abrufen. (Dieser link Standardeinstellung von EarthView und versuchen Sie es dort nochmals...) Satellitenbilder mit zum Teil speziellerem Inhalt finden Sie im Earth Observatory der NASA. Hinweis: Fast alle folgenden links ). Daher werden nur deutsche Seiten mit einem Flaggensymbol ( ) gekennzeichnet! Einige geographische Basisinformationen zu Botswana (inklusive Wirtschaft, Regierungsform usw.) bietet das World Fact Book Das Statistische Bundesamt liefert einige Sub-Saharan Africa nach den "Country Profiles"! Geschichte Botswanas (dieser link funktioniert leider nicht immer!). Auszug der Botswana History Pages : Sehr umfangreiche und informative Seite - nehmen Sie sich Zeit zum Durcharbeiten! (Falls dieser link nicht funktioniert, versuchen Sie den Mirror

34. LIS Botswana - Seite 4: Kultur Und Gesellschaft der botswana history Pages. (Ggfs. Mirror Thuto benutzen!). Lesen http://www.dse.de/za/lis/botswana/seite4.htm

Homepage Seite 4: Kultur und Gesellschaft BOTSWANA Kultureller und gesellschaftlicher Wandel The Botswana Society eine Vielzahl von Publikationen zu Kultur und Gesellschaft heraus und veranstaltet Vortragsreihen usw. Abschnitt "Culture" der Botswana History Pages. (Ggfs. Mirror Thuto benutzen!) Lesen Sie nun den Abschnitt "Religion" ... und dann den Abschnitt "Society" Moral- und Wertvorstellungen in Botswana. Buch , in dem verschiedene Autoren aus Deutschland und Botswana den sozialen Wandel dokumentieren und analysieren. Human Development Index "menschlichen" (=sozialen) Entwicklung zusammengestellt. Wenn Sie auf die Indikatoren klicken, erhalten Sie Vergleichsdaten zu anderen Staaten. Vergleichen Sie auch die Stellung Botswanas mit dem HDI anderer Staaten link dargestellten Situation 1994 deutlich verschlechtert hat. Die Ursache liegt in den drastisch gestiegenen Sterberaten aufgrund der HIV/AIDS-Pandemie (s.u.). Ein aus dem "Kuru Development Trust" hervorgegangener Verbund von nicht-staatlichen Entwicklungsprojekten in Botswana widmet sich der San-Problematik. Die Organisation, in

35. Botswana Africa Botswana History Books Online Shopping Store Botswana Africa botswana history Books Online Shopping Store An OnlineShopping Mall and directory arranged in a variety of categories. http://www.plaza101.com/plaza/store/shop65047/Online/Botswana/

Home Electronics Electronics Brands Camera ... Toys 369 Shoppers Online Coupons, Today's Deal and Specials Featured Categories 18th Century Sterling Chest Protectors Flats - Mary-Janes Floral ... Necklaces Shop By Merchant AAAFruitbaskets AaronsBabyBaskets ABaby.com AbtElectronics AceHardware ACLens ACT ActivaSports Adagio Alexblake AllWineBaskets AllworthPress Altrec ARTinaClick AtlantaFalcons ATrendyhome Audible.com AuditionsShoes AutoAnything AutoBarn B A Mason BabyAge BabyBazaar BabyUniverse BackcountryStore BallyStore BareNecessities BassProShops BathandBody BayberryGifts BBCAmericaShop BeckerSurf Bellacor BetterHomesandGardens BigFitness.net BizChair Blades Blair Bloomingbulb Bluefly BlueNile BoatersWorld BodyTrends BonsaiBoy Boscovs Bose Brecks Broderbund BrooksBrothers BrookStone BuyCostumes Cabelas Cameraworld CandleBay CandleMart CandlesJustOnline CarToys CellPhoneShop ChampionCatalog CheaperThanDirt Chefs CitySports ClassicCloseouts ColdwaterCreek CollectiblesToday CollegiateMall CompactAppliance CompuExpert ComputerGeeks Cooking.com CornerHardware CosmeticMall Countdown Creations CreativeLabs CrossingPointe CrucialTechnology CycleMallUSA Deal.com

36. WoYaa! Premier Moteur De Recherche Et Répertoire De Sites Internet En Rapport A history. University of botswana history Department Site Index. http://www.woyaaonline.com/linksfr/PAYS/BOTSWANA/

English Recherche sur le Web les Boutiques Sites Web Par Pays Afrique du sud Angola Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroun Cap Vert Caraïbes Comores Congo Djibouti Egypte Ethiopie Gabon Gambie Ghana Ile maurice Kenya Lesotho Libye Madagascar Malawi Mali Maroc Mauritanie Mozambique Namibie Niger Ouganda RD Congo Centrafrique Rwanda Sahara Occ. Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalie Soudan Swaziland Tanzanie Tchad Togo Tunisie Zambie Zimbabwe Par Rubriques Business Science Sport Asie du Pacific Caraïbes Europe Amerique Latine Moyen orient Asie du Sud Afrique Afrique du sud Angola Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroun Cap Vert Comores Congo Djibouti Egypte Ethiopie Gabon Gambie Ghana Ile maurice Kenya Lesotho Libye Madagascar Malawi Mali Maroc Mauritanie Mozambique Namibie Niger Ouganda RD Congo Centrafrique Rwanda Sahara Occ. Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalie Soudan Swaziland Tanzanie Tchad Togo Tunisie Zambie Zimbabwe Forums POLITIQUE ROMANCE SANTE Annonces AFFAIRES EMPLOI IMMOBILIER CONFERENCES ... DIVERS Pages: 1 Home PAYS : BOTSWANA ARTS new CARTES ET PROFILES new COMMERCE EDUCATION new GOUVERNEMENT INFORMATIQUE ET INTERNET new MEDIAS MUSIQUE new SANTE new SCIENCES SHOPPING new SOCIETE new SPORTS new TOURISME new Liens GORP - Botswana Resource Listings GORP - Botswana Resource Listings pop (Rajouté le: Mon Sep 18 2000 Hits: 255 Rang: 0.00 Votes: 0)

37. WoYaa Search Engine - Africa References Online - COUNTRIES/BOTSWANA Welcome to http//www.unbotswana.org.bw (Added Tue Nov 05 2002 Hits 5 Rating0.00 Votes 0) Rate It. University of botswana history Department Site Index, http://www.woyaaonline.com/links/COUNTRIES/BOTSWANA/more8.html

Welcome to WoYaa! Your premier African search engine and Web sites directory since 1997. African Web Sites By Country Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde CAR Chad Comoros Congo Djibouti Egypt EQ. Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria RD Congo Rwanda Sao Tome Senegal Seychelles Siserra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda W. Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe Forums POLITICS ROMANCE HEALTH Classifieds BUSINESS JOBS REAL ESTATES CONFERENCES ... TRAVEL Pages: TOP COUNTRIES : BOTSWANA Categories ARTS new BUSINESS COMPUTERS AND INTERNET new EDUCATION new GOVERNMENT HEALTH new MAPS AND PROFILES new MEDIAS MUSIC new SCIENCES SHOPPING new SOCIETY new SPORTS new TOURISM new Links Thousands of newspapers on the Net (Added: Tue Nov 05 2002 Hits: 6 Rating: 0.00 Votes: 0) Rate It Toro Safari Lodge: Home Toro Safari Lodge on the Chobe river in the Northern corner of Botswana, where four African countries meet (Added: Tue Nov 05 2002 Hits: 6 Rating: 0.00 Votes: 0)

38. IBIS / Resources / Local Links Centre School Thornhill Primary School Tswelelopele Brigades Centre Universityof Botswana botswana history (University of Botswana) Westwood International http://www.info.bw/resource/local/index.shtml

Resources / Local Links the almost complete Botswana Web Site Directory How to get listed in Local Links: Fill in the form on the right Click on the send button Check back here in a few days... Your Web Site should be listed in Local Links within a few days. Submit your WebSite Recent Additions: Climbing in Botswana new! Botswana Book Center new! Bellcee's website new! Advertising Enterprises new! Snass new! Twice's page new! Leetile Cybertechtic Home new! John's Home new! C.T Letsatle new! BirdLife Botswana new! Kalahari Game Services new! The Botswana Society new! Thebe Boerboel - African Boerboel Dogs new! Crocodile Camp Safaris new! Botswana Nomads new! Ignition-Beat Production new! Ministry of Education Botswana new! Commercial Sites: a b c d ... Advertising Enterprises new! Africa Informatix Online Training African Horseback Safaris African Sports News Africon ... Botswana Book Center new! The Botswana Gazette Online Botswana Housing Corporation Botswana-Online BotswanaPost ... Crocodile Camp Safaris new! Customized Software Cyberplex Africa Debswana Dewet Drilling ... Kalahari Game Services new! Kgalagadi Cybernetics Kitso Safaris Kwaito Music in Botswana Kwando Safaris ... www.pu-la.com

39. MapZones.com History Botswana Culture. botswana history. Botswana Economy. Botswana Currency. BotswanaPolitics. Botswana Provinces. Botswana Time and Date. Botswana, History, Back toTop. http://www.mapzones.com/world/africa/botswana/historyindex.php

Country Info Botswana Introduction Botswana General Data Botswana Maps Botswana Culture ... Botswana Time and Date Botswana History Back to Top The Batswana, a term also used to denote all citizens of Botswana, refers to the country's major ethnic group (the "Tswana" in South Africa), which came into the area from South Africa during the Zulu wars of the early 1880s. Prior to European contact, the Batswana lived as herders and farmers under tribal rule. In the late 19th century, hostilities broke out between the Batswana and Boer settlers from the Transvaal. After appeals by the Batswana for assistance, the British Government in 1885 put "Bechuanaland" under its protection. The northern territory remained under direct administration and is today's Botswana, while the southern territory became part of the Cape Colony and is now part of the northwest province of South Africa; the majority of Setswana-speaking people today live in South Africa. Despite South African pressure, inhabitants of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, Basuotoland (now Lesotho), and Swaziland in 1909 asked for and received British assurances that they would not be included in the proposed Union of South Africa. An expansion of British central authority and the evolution of tribal government resulted in the 1920 establishment of two advisory councils representing Africans and Europeans. Proclamations in 1934 regularized tribal rule and powers. A European-African advisory council was formed in 1951, and the 1961 constitution established a consultative legislative council.

40. AdmiNet - Botswana Botswana. top Art, Culture. Botswana Demographics; The Church of the Nazarenein Botswana; botswana history; Ethnologue Botswana; Botswanacraft http://www.adminet.com/world/bw/

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