61. WAR 89 The Orma Boran - A Trypanotolerant East African Breed The Boran type cattle of the Orma people in the Tana River district of Kenya is an indigenous Bos indicus breed The Oromo people from borana Province in http://www.fao.org/ag/AGa/AGAP/FRG/FEEDback/War/W6437t/w6437t08.htm

62. The Technology Of Traditional Milk Products In Developing gross milk composition of Ethiopian borana cattle (Nicholson Generally, indigenous stock produce small quantities of in the diet of the people differs according http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/t0251e/T0251E01.htm

63. Upbeat - Summer 2004 Plant the ambitious goal is an indigenous church planting movement Ethiopia, borana. because a few congregations are present, giving people potential access to http://www.bgcworld.org/newstand/Upbeat/upbt.htm

HOMEPAGE NEWSTAND ARCHIVE Summer 2004 Though Fulanis have been very resistant to the gospel, there are hopeful signs. Several West African nations with large Fulani populations have seen village conversions, especially in Niger and Nigeria. In Cameroon, with more than 1 million Fulani, there are around 100 known believers who meet in a half dozen rather fragile house fellowships. Though still a very small number, this is exciting news. The BGC missionary team in Cameroon directing their attention toward Fulanis includes a water engineer, veterinary doctor, doctors and nurses, a builder and three African evangelists (one is a converted Fulani). Grace Fellowship Church decided to informally join the team through their adoption. Adopting a people group At Grace Fellowship, adoption of the Fulani includes: Prayer - research and strategic prayer Projects - sending teams and resources Presence - recruiting Grace Fellowship members for extended service with field missionaries Plant - the ambitious goal is an indigenous church planting movement sufficient to reach the people group Educating Grace about the Fulani takes place though informative materials and regular Sunday morning reports with news from the field. The adoption is a regular agenda item for church business meetings, where discussions include the church budget and possible trips and projects. Sending members on mission trips is critical to the education and ownership of the adoption.

64. The Centre For Advanced Studies Of African Society of the former colonial masters than the indigenous cultures from being the Somali / Oromo / Rendille / borana cluster, the the same book for 30 million people. http://www.casas.co.za/papers_language.htm

WELCOME SCOPE OF OUR OPERATIONS Khoisan Language Studentship Scholarship Scheme CASAS/IDRC Acacia Project PUBLICATIONS Tinabantu Book Series Monograph Series Occasional Papers ... CONTACT US Last updated: 25.02.2004 Language, NEO-COLONIALISM AND the African development challenge Kwesi Kwaa Prah The Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society (CASAS), Cape Town Published in TRIcontinental, Havana, Cuba, No. 150, 2002 It is indeed amazing that at the onset of a new millennium, Africa represents today the only major historical and cultural area of the world where despite their indigenous socio-cultural majorities, countries prefer to use the languages of their erstwhile masters in their attempts to develop and make social progress. The result of this neo-colonial approach to culture and democracy is that the scientific and technological culture of Africans is hardly advancing. Actually, Africa, by and large, is retrogressing or stagnating. Mass society and its culture is shut off, and condemned to cultural backwardness and alienation from the life of the elite. The elite in turn is bent on what many social critics regard as mindless imitation of the colonial and metropolitan cultures of the west. This is an orientation, which in effect integrates the elite more into the culture of the former colonial masters than the indigenous cultures from where this elite historically and socially derives.

65. Akababi:Ethiopia Environment Wondo forest ablaze indigenous trees more than a difficult challenges, including improving people s lives and in the southern Bale and borana regions alone http://www.geocities.com/akababi/

Information Page focusing on Ethiopian Environmental Concern Akababi News Archive Akababi Links Others Contact Akababi ... Akababi - Editorial Your Corner: Akababi - PREE Akababi - Quiz Looking For? Akababi - References Akababi - Papers New! Akababi - Who International Agreements New! Featured Links/Pages German-Ethiopian Association Ethiopian Tree Fund Foundation. Forum For Environment- Ethiopian NGO. LEM - Ethiopia (Environment and Development Society of Ethiopia) Society for Urban Development in Africa EENGO Ethiopian Environmental NGO Mesob Mesob - Environment New! Ethiopia At Glance World Resource Institute PDF Documents National Report to UN Convention to Combat Desertification National Action Programme Information About Waste Managment in Ethiopia New! Persistent Organic Pollutants(POP) in Ethiopia An account On DDT and the like New! Responses to "Green Yichalal" "Gashe Abera Molla" by Seyoum Diaspora Natural Reserve by Dr. Mekonen Green Retaliation? by Mekonen Abebe Mobilizing the Public by Zelealem Ethiopian EPA Establishment Proclamation ( Amharic EPA's Report To Parliament Amharic ... Amharic Select Ethiopia and the Year and the type of information you want to display.

66. Encyclopedia: Music Of Kenya also sometimes in one of the indigenous languages, though The borana live near the Ethiopian border The extremely remote Turkana people have maintained their http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Music-of-Kenya

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #51 Three quarters of Japanese kids read comics Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: May 20, 2004 Encyclopedia : Music of Kenya Africa n countries, Kenya has perhaps the most diverse assortment of popular music forms, in addition to multiple types of folk music. Zanzibar an taarab music has also become popular, as has imported hip hop, reggae, soul, soukous, rock and roll, funk and Europop Popular music The guitar is the most dominant instrument in Kenyan popular music. Guitar rhythms are very complex and include both native beats and imported ones, especially the Congolese cavacha rhythm; music usually involves the interplay of multiple parts and, more recently, showy guitar solos.

67. SSRR No. 19 Traditional wells in borana. In indigenous farming systems, knowledge and practices in the the populist perspective Rural people s knowledge, agricultural http://www.ossrea.net/ssrr/workneh/workneh-11.htm

REFERENCES Abraham, W. Emmanuel. 1995. Paradigm of African society. In Readings in African Philosophy , edited by Kwame Safro, 39-41. The Akan Collection. Lanham, New York and London: University Press of America, Inc. Adams, W. M. 1990. Green development: Environment and sustainability in the Third World . London: Routledge. Agnew, Clire, and Ewan Anderson. 1992. Water resources in the arid realm . London and New York: Routledge. Ahmed, Medani Mohamed M. 1994. The concept of indigenous knowledge and its relevance to sustainable development. In Indigenous knowledge for sustainable development in the Sudan , edited by Ahmed Medani Mohamed M. Khartoum: Khartoum University Press, 1-42. Ahmed, Abdel Ghaffar M. 1994. The relevance of indigenous systems of production to food policies: A Horn of Africa perspective. Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review X, no. 2: 54-65. Alemneh Dejene. 1990. Environment, famine, and politics in Ethiopia: A view from the village . London: Lynne Rienner. Appiah, Kwame Anthony. 1992. In my father's house: Africa in the philosophy of culture.

68. Trees Found At Borana In Laikipia, Kenya. People are apt to call trees of this family cactus and in many of these trees on borana you may find are already 48 different kinds of indigenous trees growing http://borana.co.ke/borana-trees.html

Home Places to stay Things to do The Ranch ... History Wildlife Gallery Get in touch Mammal List Bird List Trees on Borana WILDLIFE - Trees on Borana A partial listing of the more interesting trees, shrubs and plants All the firewood for the lodge comes to us by courtesy of elephants. What most people look upon as devastation is really all part of a natural cycle. We merely chop up the trees that elephants have pushed over for our firewood. In the long term it is certain that a combination of elephant destruction followed by fire will create open grassland. It has been seen in recent years that if the elephant are removed from the scene, heavy bush growth will return in a few years. For reasons beyond our knowledge it is only in the last few years that we have had resident elephants on Borana. Our first accounts of the area date back to 1895 from the diaries of Arthur Neumann. He had to trek another forty miles to the north before he found any elephant. This list of trees is just a hint of the abundant different species that occur around Borana Lodge. Acacia brevispica . A long slender-branched "wait-a-bit" thorn that sends out its long slim branches covered with hooked thorns that make walking difficult. The tiny leaves are a favourite fodder for the greater kudu.

69. Music Of Kenya sometimes in one of the indigenous languages, though The borana live near the Ethiopian border, and The extremely remote Turkana people have maintained their http://www.fact-index.com/m/mu/music_of_kenya.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index Music of Kenya Out of all the African countries, Kenya has perhaps the most diverse assortment of popular music forms, in addition to multiple types of folk music . Zanzibaran taarab music has also become popular, as has imported hip hop reggae soul , soukous, rock and roll funk and Europop Popular music The guitar is the most dominant instrument in Kenyan popular music. Guitar rhythms are very complex and include both native beats and imported ones, especially the Congolese cavacha rhythm; music usually involves the interplay of multiple parts and, more recently, showy guitar solos. Lyrics are most often in Swahili or Lingala , but are also sometimes in one of the indigenous languages, though radio will generally not play music in one of the "tribal" languages. Benga has been popular since the late 1960s, especially around Lake Victoria . The word benga is occasionally used to refer to any kind of pop music. bass guitar and percussion are the usual instruments. Early 20th century The guitar was popular in Kenya even before the 20th century, well before it penetrated other African countries. Fundi Konde was the most well-known early guitarist, alongside Paul Mwachupa and Lukas Tututu. By the middle of the

70. Africanews - 73 - April 2002 Out of Kenya’s 42 indigenous languages, 16 of fate that has befallen Oduol’s people is similar district of Marsabit by another Cushitic language, borana. http://www.peacelink.it/afrinews/73_issue/p1.html

AFRICANEWS Views and news on peace, justice and reconciliation in Africa April 2002 CONTENTS AFRICANEWS HOMEPAGE Kenya Languages: living on borrowed time Culture/indigenous people By Matthias Muindi Out of Kenya’s 42 indigenous languages, 16 of them have either become extinct or are seriously endangered, says a recent UNESCO report. This is the highest number in eastern Africa where four countries – Uganda, Tanzania, Sudan, and Ethiopia – are experiencing what the report termed “high language mortality.” AFRICANEWS brings the story of one person whose community is extinct. When asked about his ethnicity, 10-year-old Jeff Machogu has no reservations. “I’m a Luo,” he says with a chuckle. His father, Robert Oduol, one of Kenya’s top journalists, just shakes his head in amazement as Jeff’s younger brother, Roy Odhiambo, screams in the background, “I’m also a Luo.” The two boys are firmly convinced that their family is Luo – Kenya’s second-largest ethnic group – because they speak the language, observe the community’s customs, and have a rural home near Lake Victoria, which is the heartland of the Luo. However, the boys’ father knows otherwise. “My family,” he told AFRICANEWS, “is of Bantu origin, having descended from the Suba ethnic group, a Bantu community that fled to Kenya and Tanzania fearing political persecution in Uganda in the 16th century. Yet most people think we’re Luo.” Hence, he points out, his children are Bantus.

71. BookFinder.com: Book Directory Nuba The Story of a Sudanese People s Struggle for 1384 Oromo Democracy An indigenous African Political Juridical Processes among the Oromo-borana (Horn of http://www.bookfinder.com/dir/3407040-3407199/

Search About Interact Help Book Directory Eritrea: Even the Stones Are Burning [1569020574 1-56902-057-4] Mai Weini - A Small Village in the Highlands of Eritrea: A Study of the People, Their Livelihood, and Land Tenure During the Times of Turbulence [1569020582 1-56902-058-2] Mai Weini - A Small Village in the Highlands of Eritrea: A Study of the People, Their Livelihood and Land Tenure During the Times of Turbulence [1569020590 1-56902-059-0] Twenty Years to Nowhere: Property Rights, Land Management and Conservation in Ethiopia [1569020604 1-56902-060-4] ... Contact us...

72. Kenya-Country Information group includes the Somali, Orma, Rendille, and borana. Protestants 38% Catholics 28% indigenous religions 26 The remainder of Kenya’s people are mainly http://kabiza.com/Kenya-Country-Information.htm

Kenya Country Information (Kenya National Anthem) Kenya's Name Kenya - a wonderful sounding word is named after a mountain of the same name. It was given by the Kikuyu people who lived around present day Mt. Kenya which they referred to as Kirinyaga or Kerenyaga, meaning ‘mountain of whiteness’ because of its snow capped peak (yes, Africa does have snow capped peaks). Mt Kirinyaga which was the main landmark became synonymous with the territory the British later claimed as their colony. However, the name Kenya arose out of the inability of the British and others to pronounce Kirinyaga correctly. When one hears the name "Kenya," there are images of the savannas, animals, safari trips, the Rift Valley, the Indian Ocean coastline and Lake Victoria but Kenya is over (2003 estimate) 30 million people of various ethnic groups (47) and backgrounds and without having met the people of Kenya, one has not seen the real, living Kenya. Early Visitors and Settlers The first people to settle in Kenya were indigenous African communities who migrated from various parts of the continent (Kenya is made up of various people groupings). Other visitors included traders, explorers, missionaries, slave-traders and travelers who came in from various parts of the world such as Portugal, Arabia, Roman empire, India, Greece and as far as China. They visited mainly the East African Coast from as early as the first century A.D. While the majority of the visitors went back to their countries, some settled, and intermarried with the local populations giving rise to a new Swahili culture along the Coast which has a strong Arabian flavor.

73. PINEP Pastoral Information Network Programme relevance to the African pastoral people s livelihoods and indigenous Knowledge and Natural Resource Management A Irrigation Schemes of the borana Nomads of http://www.tema.liu.se/epos/pinep.htm

PINEP Pastoral Information Network Programme The Pastoral Information Network Programme (PINEP) is a joint programme of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and the Government of Kenya, with major funding from Sida. Its implementation is made possible by an institutional linkage between the Department of Range Management, University of Nairobi, Kenya, and EPOS with several other institutions subordinately involved. The programme deals mainly with pastoral issues, through activities that are of an interdisciplinary and applied character, drawing on expertise and experiences in the South. It has a regional orientation, with activities covering the Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Desertification (IGADD) sub-region countries of Djibouti, Eritrea, Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia and Sudan. Programme Coordinator is Dr Kassim O. Farah together with EPOS Director. The main objectives of the programme are: To provide advanced pastoralist based training for Masters students in Range Management with the emphasis on rehabilitation, resource management and conservation of resources in the pastoral production system.

74. Kenya. In: Amnesty International Report 2001 In May fighting between the Somali and borana communities led to scores of as part of a civic education program for the Ogiek, an indigenous people living in http://web.amnesty.org/web/ar2001.nsf/webafrcountries/KENYA?OpenDocument

75. HighBeam Research: ELibrary Search: Results Kunema, a Nilo Saharan-speaking people enclaved among Included among adherents of indigenous religions are most of the Oromo, such as the pastoral borana http://www.highbeam.com/library/search.asp?FN=AO&refid=ency_refd&search_thesauru

76. RIC Query - Ethiopia (18 April 2001) and still others adhere to indigenous religions (Levinson 1998 They include borana, Macha, Tuuiiama, Wallo, Garrii atrocities against its own people, and has http://uscis.gov/graphics/services/asylum/ric/documentation/ETH01004.htm

Ethiopia Response to Information Request Number: ETH01004.ZAR Date: April 18, 2001 Subject: Ethiopia: Information on the Oromo Ethnic Group, the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), and the Oromo People's Democratic Organization (OPDO) From: INS Resource Information Center Keywords: Ethiopia / Armed resistance movement / Civil and political rights / Cultural identity / Democratic rights / Elections / Ethnic minorities / Ethnicity / Freedom of political opinion / Nationalism / Political participation / Political opposition / Political representation / Right to self-determination Query: 1) What are the major clans and sub-clans of the Oromo and in what provinces are these clans found? 2) Is the Oromo People’s Democratic Organization (OPDO) comprised only of Oromos, or can Tigrayans [Tigreans] hold positions in the OPDO? 3) What is the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) fighting for that OPDO cannot offer? 4) What are the ultimate goals of the OLF and how do they differ from the goals of the OPDO aside from the OPDO being a member of the Ethiopian People’s Democratic Front (EPRDF)? 5) Does the OLF have the right to engage in armed struggle following elections in 2000 that the State Department found to be "free and fair"?

77. Borena Zone Outcome Of Small Rains Anxiously Awaited, 09/99 the argument that the number of people identified by Ph.D.) (1998); Assessment of indigenous Range Management GTZborana Lowland Pastoral Development Program. http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Hornet/borz0999.html

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA - AFRICAN STUDIES CENTER Borena Zone: Outcome of Small Rains Anxiously Awaited, 09/99 BORENA ZONE: OUTCOME OF SMALL RAINS ANXIOUSLY AWAITED Report on a Rapid Assessment Mission, 14-24 September 1999 Prepared by Negussie Belay, Assistant Field Officer , UNDP-EUE INTRODUCTION Context and purpose Following the near failure of the 1998 small rains ( Hagaya ) in Borena Zone (Oromiya Regional State), an initial assessment undertaken by the Federal Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (DPPC) jointly with the Oromiya authorities and CARE in January 1999 revealed that 146,000 people in 8 weredas of Borena Zone were in need of emergency food assistance. A second joint assessment in July 1999 was prompted by the failure of the main rains (March-April 1999). Among the recommendations made in this assessment were: (a) 268,734 people in 10 weredas of the zone required emergency food assistance up to December 1999, and (b) close monitoring was necessary to follow developments the food security and drought in the zone. It was in the context of these recommendations as well as other information indicating that the area is facing increasing hardship that the UN-Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia fielded a mission to Borena Zone during the period 14-24 September, 1999. The purpose of the mission was to investigate the prevailing food shortage, review the impact of the poor rains on the economy of the area and obtain information on the status and impact of relief operations. The mission also undertook to ascertain the response of people in the zone in the context of possible changes in traditional patterns of behaviour and coping strategies.

78. Drylands - Pastoral Resources And The Commons institutions that use or manage the borana forests today is dependent on respect for indigenous rights and the future participation of local people in the http://www.iied.org/drylands/pubs/pastoralres.html

Updated 15 January, 2004 Advanced Search Many of our publications are directly downloadable in the Adobe Portable Document Format. If your web browser is not equipped to read PDF files, you can download free reader software for a range of computers from Adobe Systems Incorporated. To open a Publications Pastoral Resources and the Commons The Drylands Programme has an active programme of research and networking on pastoral land tenure issues. Publications include the Securing the Commons Series, the Pastoral Land Tenure Series and the Pastoral Land Tenure Monographs. Papers are available free to non-OECD readers, and may be ordered from the drylands programme ( drylands@iied.org ) and the latest issues may be downloaded following the links below. Securing the Commons Series Social Inclusion: a pre-requisite for equitable and sustainable natural resource management: two experiences in Mali Securing the Commons No. 7

79. Kenya Safaris - Cape To Cairo the nomadic Ndorobo people an ancient hunter gatherer people of a Horseback Riding at borana. indigenous plants and flowers fill the gardens.There are beautiful http://www.capecairo.com/kenya/kenya.html

Kenya Safaris and Lodges Cape to Cairo A visit to Lake Naivashu from Loldia House home site map airfares East Africa safari guide ... Tanzania Kenya is arguably the world's most famous safari venue with a rich and colorful colonial history unmatched elsewhere in Africa. Kenya's strength, above everything is its safari tradition built around professional guiding, comfort and service - now resident in the hospitality offered by old African colonial homes and ranches that have been turned into fabulous guest lodges. There is not its like in Africa, but these are at the top end and prices are high. We can also offer a variety of high end professionally guided private safaris. For those whose budgets restrict them to more modest accommodations in the National Parks, we have to recommend Tanzania as an excellent alternative. Links and infromation: Laikipia Wildlife Organization - map of Laikipia and description of this fabulous region of private ranches and wildlife conservation areas Kenya Wildlife Parks - Kenya Wildlife Service site with description of the major wildlife parks Lewa Wildlife Conservancy Kenya Safari Itineraries Grant and Cameron Safaris $2895 - $4290 - Exclusive safaris 7-11 days Samburu, Rift Valley Lakes, Masai Mara

80. Arusha ASA 2002: Panel Summary of the changing ways that the borana ethnic group a loss of knowledge about the role of indigenous herbs describing the bodily experiences of people living with http://www.theasa.org/Conferences/asa02/Final Reports/ASA 2002 Arusha Summary of

ASA 2002 – SUMMARY OF PANEL PRESENTATIONS The ASA 2002 conference was held in Arusha, Tanzania, from the 8 th th April. Held as a single-stream conference, participants listened to 75 presentations in 14 panels, as well as to 4 keynote addresses. The following summary gives a flavour of the conference, based on the content of the oral presentations, written abstracts and full papers submitted. Conference theme and convenors’ presentations The conference convenors chose the conference theme ‘Perspectives on Time and Society: Experience, Memory, History’ as one that would signal the important convergence of anthropological and historical perspectives in thinking about the relationship of time to history. They also prepared introductory presentations to signal some of the themes they felt apposite for discussion during the conference. In her introductory presentation, Wendy James signaled the two different ways in which anthropologists have often discussed time, contrasting some scholars’ emphasis on the specific culturally-embedded ways in which time is marked with those who adopt a more rationalist perspective on the common experiential foundations of the category. Presenting a number of criticisms of both approaches, including their common inability to tackle the notion of historical time, she proposed paths towards a possible synthesis.

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