1. Macular Degeneration, Retinitis Pigmentosa And Other Retinal Disease Research The Foundation Fighting blindness is a nonprofit national organization that funds research for macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Usher syndrome http://www.blindness.org/

Text Only Macular Degeneration Retinitis Pigmentosa Usher ... Resources FREE Online Newsletter Sign Up Here National Conference Aug 19 - 21, 2004 Conference Details 2004 Sponsors Register Here! Microsoft WebSpeak has been installed to read content on this site aloud. When you see this speaker icon, use your mouse to click on it and the wizard will be activated. Login Search: Search: Transplantation, Stem Cells, and Growth Factors Dr. Lund Reports on Prospects for Treating Retinal Degenerative Diseases Experiments to transplant new cells into the eye to replace dead or defective cells are not brand new, although the success of the experiments is, reported Dr. Raymond Lund, vice-chairman of FFB's Scientific Advisory Board and Professor of Ophthalmology at the University of Utah. At the January 2004 meeting in Florida of FFB-affiliated scientists, FFB trustees, and special guests of The FFB, Dr. Lund described the current state of cell transplantation for treating retinal degenerative diseases. more Biomarkers and AMD FFB-Affiliated Researchers Find Possible Predictors of AMD Two recent reports, by FFB-affiliated scientists, describe substances in the blood that could possibly predict who is at risk for AMD. By knowing that a potential problem exists, it may be possible to treat or prevent it. An article similar to this one about biomarkers and AMD appears in the spring issue of FFB's renamed newsletter, In Focus, which will be arriving at home mailboxes soon. more FFB Joins Debate to Raise NEI 2005 Budget The U.S. Congress is currently debating the federal budget for fiscal year 2005 that includes an increase for the National Eye Institute (NEI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The increase is needed in order to continue NEI's impressive record of accomplishments.

2. Blindness-Related Emailing Lists Subscribe to blindnessrelated emailing lists and pan-disability and access-issues lists directly from this comprehensive hypertext index. http://www.hicom.net/~oedipus/blist.html

BLIST: The Comprehensive Index of Blindness-Related Emailing Lists last updated June 20, 2002 Skip Directly to the Beginning of BLIST Skip Navigation Links Download a zip file containing BLIST (offline hypertext version) Skip to the Index of Blindness-Related Lists ... A Note to Listowners This document contains instructions on how to join over two hundred blindness-related emailing lists and blindness-related newsgroups , along with hypertext links which allow you to subscribe to any of the lists. It also contains an extensive listing of accessibility and pan-disability lists , as well as a list of emailing lists that are not blindness-related, but which are frequented by blind members , and a selective list of emailing list-related resources . A zipped archive of this hypertext document is available at: A plain ASCII version of this list is available from: A zipped version of the ASCII file, blist.zip , can be downloaded via anonymous ftp from the pub/poehlman NFBnet.org BLIST is also available via email. To obtain a plain text version of BLIST via email , type the line GET BLIST INFO in the BODY of an emessage, and send it to:

3. Ishihara Test For Color Blindness Tests for color blindness. http://www.toledo-bend.com/colorblind/Ishihara.html

Ishihara Test for Color Blindness Main Page About Color Deficiency Tests for Color Blindness Shareware software for the color blind ... Links to other Sites about Color Deficiency What numbers do you see revealed in the patterns of dots below? I am color blind, as is about 12 - 20 percent (depending on whose figures you want to believe) of the white, male population and a tiny fraction of the female population. Most of these circles are nothing but spots to me. Below are the correct answers to what a person with normal color vision would see - and what I see (and most people with Red-Green color blindness). When you see what we can't see, you may understand why it's so tough to find the right sox and why we like bright colors, which are often identifiable. Normal Color Vision Red-Green Color Blind Left Right Left Right Top Top Spots Middle Middle Spots Bottom Bottom Spots Spots Another interesting color blindness test is below The test to the left is simpler.

4. CEP Biomarker For AMD A Possible Predictor Of Disease 2004 Foundation Fighting blindness. All rights reserved. http://www.blindness.org/disease/default.asp?type=2

5. Welcome To Prevent Blindness America Prevent blindness America is the nations leading volunteer eye health and safety organization dedicated to fighting blindness and saving sight. http://www.preventblindness.org/

Prevent Blindness in your state: Location Arizona N. California Connecticut Florida Georgia Indiana Iowa Kentucky Massachusetts Nebraska New Jersey New York N. Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Tennessee Texas Virginia Wisconsin Our affiliates offer vision screening, volunteer opportunities and important eye health and safety programs. Search About Us Want to Help? Web Forum ... Site Map FOR MORE FREE INFORMATION ABOUT EYE HEALTH AND SAFETY, CALL 1-800-331-2020 VISION RESEARCH ESSENTIAL TO PREVENT RISING INCIDENCE OF BLINDNESS AMONG AMERICANS Fifty thousand people lose their sight needlessly every year. Eighty million Americans are at risk of getting eye diseases that can lead to low vision and even blindness. Vision loss robs people of their independence, mobility and quality of life, and costs taxpayers an estimated $4 billion annually. FIREWORKS TIED TO 8,800

6. Color Blindness Check Color blindness. When I was a kid in kindergarten, my parents never knew why I got low grade in identifying the color of crayons. responsible for an Open Day project on color blindness in my secondary school did I noticed that I later frustrated me somehow. Color blindness is an inaccurate term for a http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/8833/coloreye.html

Color Blindness W hen I was a kid in kindergarten, my parents never knew why I got low grade in identifying the color of crayons. Not until the day I was responsible for an Open Day project on color blindness in my secondary school did I noticed that I am one of the 'victim'. Though I was not blamed for the low grade then, restriction on choosing my job twenty years later frustrated me somehow. C olor blindness is an inaccurate term for a lack of perceptual sensitivity to certain colors. Absolute color blindness is almost unknow. There are three types of color receptors in our eyes, red, green and blue. We also have black and white receptors. They are more sensitive than the color receptors, that is why we have poor color perception in the dark. C olor blindness comes as a result of a lack of one or more of the types of color receptors. Most color perception defects are for red or green or both. About 10% of males have a color perception defect, but this is rare in females. Red-green color blindness is a result of a lack of red receptors. A nother form of color blindness yellow-blue is the second most common form, but it's extremely rare. It is also possible to have the color receptors missing entirely, which would result in black and white vision.

7. WHO: Blindness Countries. Health topics. Publications. Research tools. WHO sites. Location WHO Health topics blindness. blindness Health topics blindness. blindness. This page provides links to descriptions of activities blindness Vision 2020 the Global Initiative for the Elimination of Avoidable blindness http://www.who.int/health_topics/blindness/en

English Search Home Countries Health topics ... WHO sites Location: WHO Health topics Blindness Blindness This page provides links to descriptions of activities, reports, news and events, as well as contacts and cooperating partners in the various WHO programmes and offices working on this topic. Also shown are links to related web sites and topics. MeSH scope note: The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE. FACT SHEETS Blindness as a public health problem in China Blindness in the Western Pacific Blindness: Vision 2020 - infrastructure and appropriate technology Blindness: Vision 2020 - human resource development ... Blindness: Vision 2020 - the Global Initiative for the Elimination of Avoidable Blindness RELATED LINKS Blindness Trachoma Combating vitamin A deficiency HIV/AIDS 3 by 5 Initiative WHO's drive to provide HIV/AIDS treatment to three million people by the end of 2005. 3 by 5 Initiative DISEASE OUTBREAKS Ebola haemorrhagic fever Sudan - update 4 Full text Salmonella Enteritidis United States of America Full text Disease outbreak news Avian influenza Latest information Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Latest information EMERGENCIES Sudan humanitarian crisis Latest information Iraq Latest information Health action in crises TOBACCO The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control List of signatories GENERAL WHO INFORMATION

8. Blindness For Kids A legally blind retired schoolteacher explains what blindness is and how it affects people. Includes a section of famous blind people. http://www.mcwdn.org/Blind/BlindKidsMain.html

Blindness Written for Kids This website has been designed to inform kids about blindness. We hope you like it and learn more about being blind. Click on the links below to go to different topics on blindness. Most pages also have links to other websites on blindness. If you have questions about blindness or this site, feel free to contact the author at the email address at the bottom of the page. Thanks for visiting this site and come back again sometime! Links at this website: What is blindness and visual impairment? What causes blindness? How blind read with their fingers: Braille ... Famous blind people For more information email: VirtEd.

9. Prosopagnosia ( Face Blindness ) The author explains this particular condition and how those afflicted with this condition use other techniques to recognize people. http://www.prosopagnosia.com/

Spam Welcome to my pages about prosopagnosia My name is Cecilia Burman, and I am 'face-blind' in the sense that I can not recognize people by their faces. The medical term for this condition is prosopagnosia . I have written these pages to try to give you who read them a better understanding for what it can be like to live with prosopagnosia This is a brief introduction to the pages on this site: Face-Blindness ( Prosopagnosia ) and stones Open in a new window This is a light introduction in pictures to what it can be like to try to cope with face-blindness. If you do not have prosopagnosia yourself, this page can give you an idea about what it is like. Because of the pictures, it loads slowly, but if you are interested in what face-blindness is like, I recommend that you take a look at it anyway. Prosopagnosia ( Face-Blindness ) Open in a new window In this page I try to explain how prosopagnosia can arise. It explains how the brain interprets an image and explains the kind of malfunction that causes

10. Eye Conditions > Color Blindness -- EyeMDLink.com Professional information on color blindness, related conditions and tests. Concludes that No treatment is available for any form of inherited color vision deficiency. http://www.eyemdlink.com/Condition.asp?ConditionID=116

11. Imagination Blindness Nonprofit, informational site dedicated to the Bates Method of vision education, a method to restore eyesight naturally, without surgery, drugs, or glasses. http://www.iblindness.org

im memory of W.H. Bates, M.D. Site Information Main Page What's New About the Webmaster Make a Donation ... Search Introduction Who Can Benefit How it Began Bates Method Principles The Problem with Glasses ... Signs of Progress Content Article Library Online Books Evidence Poll Results Other Resources Find a Bates Teacher Recommended Books Discussion/Support Groups News and Events Feedback/Help Contact the Webmaster Sign Guestbook View Guestbook "The significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them." - Albert Einstein SURVEY - In your experience, your quality of vision while dreaming is usually: similar to your vision without glasses while awake (if you wear glasses) similar to your vision with glasses while awake (if you wear glasses) worse than your vision while awake (without glasses, if applicable) better than your vision while awake (even with glasses, if applicable) the same as your vision while awake (for people who don't wear glasses) variable (click only once) This is an informational site dedicated to a method of restoring eyesight naturally, without surgery, drugs or glasses. The Bates Method is a natural method to restore eyesight that was discovered in the early 20th century by ophthalmologist William H. Bates. Through examining and experimenting with thousands of patients, he learned that most vision problems are due to habits of tension associated with the process of seeing. He developed techniques that teach people to see in a relaxed way that promotes perfect vision.

12. Fighting Blindness (Ireland) Fighting blindness is a selfhelp voluntary organisation which promotes research into Retinal Degenerative Diseases . FIGHTING blindness. Fighting blindness. http://www.fightingblindness.ie/

FIGHTING BLINDNESS Funding Irish Research Into Blindness Since 1983 About Fighting Blindness About the conditions Scientific Research How you can support Fighting Blindness ... Fundraising Event s Christmas Cards From the Cradle to the Stage by Alan Swan Insight Counselling Members ... Who to contact Fighting Blindness 1 Christchurch Hall High Street Dublin 8 Tel : +353 1 709 3050 Fax: +353 1 709 3010 Email: info@fightingblindness.ie Number of Visits to this Site This was built with Fighting Blindness is trade name of R.P. Ireland - Fighting Blindness ( a company limited by guarantee).

13. Blindness In Depth Provides articles and links to information about the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual impact of blindness. http://blindness.growingstrong.org

Development of content for this site is supported by your contributions, the sale of products through various affiliate programs, and my work as a writer, speaker, and mentor. If you have been touched by the material on this site, please consider shopping at Sarah Jane's or making a contribution using the Amazon Honor System. BLINDNESS IN DEPTH Compiled by Sarah J. Blake The Experience of Blindness How would you respond if suddenly you lost your vision? Have you ever wondered what it is like to be blind, whether it really means that all you see is blackness? How would blindness affect your relationships and your spiritual life? Sarah Blake answers all of these questions and many more as she tells the story of her struggle to regain the sight she lost due to complications of an eye condition resulting from premature birth. Read reviews and excerpts from her e-book, Past the Gray Curtain , and purchase it for $5.95. About This Site Since early 2002, I have been communicating with Dr. Ken Tittle, who founded Mariposa, a Christian ministry to train people with disabilities to work as peer counselors and to facilitate full inclusion in the church community. Mariposa's work was solely with people with mobility impairments until 2002, at which time Dr. Tittle contacted me and asked if I would be willing to participate and provide some information about blindness and my experiences as a person who is blind. Recently, he explained his thoughts and questions more thoroughly to me. His thoughts express the reasons for my building this site more clearly than anything I could have written.

14. Visual Impairments And Blindness Expert System VIBES will help answer questions and give advice. You can then see products (and services) for Braille, and find the organizations (or people) where you can get the products. http://www.att.com/community/ipvi/

Welcome to VIBES ! The Visual Impairments and Blindness Expert System (VIBES) will help answer questions and give advice. For example, you can pick one of the academic tasks, like reading, and learn about its tactile alternative techniques, like Braille, used by a person who happens to be visually impaired or blind. You can then see products (and services) for Braille, and find the organizations (or people) where you can get the products. This introductory version of VIBES, containing only 35 topics, is intended to demonstrate how VIBES works, and inspire you to submit topics to VIBES. We hope VIBES grows to over 5,000 topics within 5 years. Anyone can contribute information to VIBES. Click the construction icon below for instructions on how you can become a co-author of VIBES. If this is your first time using VIBES, it is best to start by selecting the help icon. Then read the information about VIBES and don't forget to see this ! Then you are ready to select one of the categories listed below. If you can not find the information you are looking for, please contact the editor so we can add it.

15. Blindness Resource Center blindness Resource Center This site offers a large collection of links on topics such as access, Braille literacy, eye conditions, low vision technology, research and innovations, technology http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.nyise.org/blind.htm&y=026203329C

16. Prevent Blindness America - Eye Safety Prevent blindness America is the nationâs leading volunteer eye health and safety organization dedicated to fighting blindness and saving sight. http://www.preventblindness.org/safety/

F or more free information about eye safety at home and at work, call 1-800-331-2020. We want all Americans to be aware of the dangers to their eyes at home, in the workplace and while playing sports. Thousands of eye accidents happen each day; 90 percent of these are preventable with the use of appropriate safety eyewear. Because there are good eye safety regulations in the workplace, the home is the source of the fastest-growing number of eye injuries. Eye injuries are almost as great a danger to bystanders as the people using dangerous tools or chemicals in the home. Good eye protection is just as important for those watching you work as for the workers themselves. Home Eye Problems Test Your Eyes Children Safety News Resources Search What's New ... Contact Us URL: http://www.preventblindness.org/safety/

17. Bacteria Cause River Blindness: Microbes, Not The Worms That Carry Them, Aggrava Stowaway bacteria inside parasitic worms, and not the worms themselves, cause river blindness, according to new research. http://www.nature.com/nsu/020304/020304-9.html

updated at midnight GMT search nature science update advanced search Bacteria cause river blindness Microbes, not the worms that carry them, aggravate the immune system. 8 March 2002 TOM CLARKE Bacteria find safe-haven inside worms in return for helping them reproduce. Stowaway bacteria inside parasitic worms, and not the worms themselves, cause river blindness, according to new research. The finding could lead to better ways of preventing or treating the debilitating disease. River blindness, or onchocerciasis, affects some 17 million people throughout central Africa and in parts of Arabia and South America. Sufferers develop inflammatory conditions. When inflammation occurs in the eyes it clouds the transparent cornea, leading to cataract-like blindness. The minute offspring of filarial nematode worms, called microfilaria, were thought to cause the disease. Fragments of dead microfilaria were believed to cause the immune system to overreact. Not so: Wolbachia microbes probably play a major role, say Eric Pearlman of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues. Working with a genetically modified mouse mimic of human river blindness, they have now found that it is these bugs that aggravate the immune system Worm turn Bacterium-free worm extract doesn't cause severe disease in the mice;

18. Blindness Resource Center: A Service Of The New York Institute For Special Educa The blindness Resource Center has thousands of links related to braille, eye conditions, vendors and access technology for the blind and visually impaired. http://www.nyise.org/blind.htm

Our Sponsors: (This site is also available in a text version ,and large print format Universal Access: Lynx, Windows Resource Sites on Blindness BRL Literacy, Translators, Advocacy ... Bobby is a free web-based service that will help you make web pages accessible to people with disabilities. Featured site in Lightspan's StudyWeb For additional information contact: The New York Institute for Special Education attn: Office of Development 999 Pelham Parkway Bronx, New York 10469 USA Phone: (718) 519-7000 Ext. 315 Fax: (718) 231-9314 Return to Index Visitor # since 3/1/98 LE FastCounter Comments and/or suggestions on this site can be addressed to: John Hernandez, Media Coordinator-NYISE last revised July 2002

19. Blindness Resource Center: Access To The Internet And Web Access to the Internet by persons with blindness or visual impairment with accessible web design, lynx, nettamer, emacspeak, UltraSonix, and XWindows. http://www.nyise.org/access.htm

Access to the Internet, Web and Windows Accessible Web Design LYNX Web Browser Unix Access Windows Access ... Other Blindness Links THIS PAGE IS ALSO AVAILABLE IN: Text, Large Print and Frames Format GO TO: Blindness Resource Center Accessible Web Design WGBH'S NATIONAL CENTER FOR ACCESSIBLE MEDIA WAI Quick Tips Reference Card Adaptive Technology for the Internet : Making Electronic Resources Accessible to All - is a handbook for accessability at Amazon.com. Accessible Web Page Design Links from the disABILITY website Accessibility Home Page : at Microsoft Design Considerations: An excellently written essay on accessible web design for persons with visual impairments. Designing an Accessible Web: Trace Center Site Hints for designing accessible Websites - RNIB Resources on Web Access from The Adaptive Technology Resource Centre of University of Toronto Royal National Institute for the Blind's Campaign for Good Web Design Usability of Information and the WWW: UCLA Disabilities and Computing Program Return to Access Index LYNX Web Browser Lynx is a fully-featured World Wide Web (WWW) client for users running cursor-addressable, character-cell display devices (e.g., vt100 terminals, vt100 emulators running on PCs or Macs, or any other "curses-oriented" display). It will display hypertext markup language (HTML) hypertext documents containing links to files residing on the local system, as well as files residing on remote systems running Gopher, HTTP, FTP, WAIS, and NNTP servers. Current versions of Lynx run on DOS, UNIX and VMS.

20. Prevent Blindness America Prevent blindness America quot;Founded in 1908, Prevent blindness America® is the nation apos;s leading volunteer eye health and safety organization dedicated to fighting blindness and saving http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.preventblindness.org/&y=02EF146D

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