41. Black Widow Spider Number 12 2002, revised May 17, 2003 by Jeffrey K. Barnes. Southern and northern black widow spiders. Comparative biology of American black widow spiders. http://www.uark.edu/depts/entomolo/museum/widow.html

UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS ARTHROPOD MUSEUM NOTES Number 12 2002, revised May 17, 2003 by Jeffrey K. Barnes Southern and northern black widow spiders Order: Araneae Family: Theridiidae Genus and species: Latrodectus mactans (F) and L. variolus Walckenaer The southern black widow, Latrodectus mactans , is probably the most common species in this state. The posterior portion of the red hourglass on the underside of the female’s abdomen may appear more like a rounded rectangle than a triangle, and there is usually a row of red spots on top of the abdomen. The northern black widow, L. variolus , is more common in the northern states. The anterior and posterior portions of the ventral hourglass are not joined at the middle, and red and white marking on top of abdomen tend to be more prominent than in the southern black widow (Kaston 1970) Black widows build irregular webs of coarse silk, usually near the ground in dark places, and usually outdoors. Webs are often built among leaf litter on the ground in deciduous forests. They are also found under rocks or logs, in piles of rubble, in mammal burrows, and in dark corners of sheds, garages, crawl spaces, cellars, and basements. The spiders hang in an inverted position in these webs, do not leave them voluntarily, and are clumsy and completely out of their element away from them. They will eat almost any insect that wanders into the snare. In one study of southern black widows in Texas cotton fields, three quarters of the spiders’ prey consisted of fire ants (Nyffeler et al. 1988)

42. Spider Myths: Mate And Be Eaten! You Are Here Burke Museum Spider Myths Weird Black Widow. Myth When black widow spiders mate, the female always kills and eats the male. http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/spidermyth/myths/blackwidow.html

The Spider Myths Site You Are Here: Burke Museum Spider Myths Weird Black Widow Just Plain Weird Stories Myth: When black widow spiders mate, the female always kills and eats the male. Western Black Widows Latrodectus hesperus Females weigh 10-160 times as much as males, lending "weight" to the myth. (from B.J. Kaston photo) Click image to enlarge Fact: This myth (which is not totally false, but very far from true) is believed even by scientists, and can be found in many ecology textbooks! It's depressing; the authors are obviously copying each other and have never actually watched black widows mate in the field. To understand the facts about black widow mating, you must first understand that there are many different species worldwide in the black-widow group (the genus Latrodectus ), and three different black widow species in the United States alone, two in the east and one in the west. These species do not all behave alike. Moreover, in the past most observations of mating took place in laboratory cages, where males could not escape. The only known Latrodectus species in which mate cannibalism in nature is the rule, not the exception, are in the Southern Hemisphere. Of U.S. species, mate cannibalism occurs sometimes in

43. Canadian Food Inspection Agency - Fact Sheet - Safety Tips For Black Widow Spide black widow spiders are distinctive due to their shiny, round body, brown or black color and two reddish or yellowish triangles on the abdomen. http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/corpaffr/foodfacts/grapraise.shtml

datestamp='2004-01-09' Quick Pick By Commodity / Key Topic Animal health Biotechnology Dairy Eggs Employment Opportunities Feeds Fertilizers Fish and Seafood Food Recalls Forestry Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Grains Honey Horticulture Meat Hygiene Pet Imports Plant Biosafety Plant Breeder's Rights Potatoes Processed Products Publications Retail Food/Labelling Seeds Variety Registration Veterinary Biologics Main Page - Publications Main Page - Food Facts Consumer Centre Newsroom ... Health Canada Food Program Publications Canadian Food Inspection Agency Fact Sheet Safety Tips for Black Widow Spiders in Grapes Incidents of Black Widow Spiders Safety Measures when Finding Spiders in Fresh Produce Any spiders should be treated with caution. The best control is to get rid of the spider without touching it or its web. Consumers are advised to wash their grapes thoroughly by placing them under running warm water. This practice will clean the product of any extraneous matter and likely immobilize any live spiders by washing them off into the sink. If a spider falls into the sink it is recommended that the spider be killed rather than captured. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency also encourages consumers to report any incidents of finding spiders in produce so that appropriate action can be taken.

44. Widow black widow spiders (LATRODECTUS) IN VERMONT. During November two people came to the museum with female black widow spiders they http://www.uvm.edu/~rtbell/Widow.html

BLACK WIDOW SPIDERS (LATRODECTUS) IN VERMONT During November two people came to the museum with female black widow spiders they had found in their homes, one climbing a living room wall in Randolph and one in a basement in Burlington. Since we have no VT specimens in the museum collection we thought this might represent a population surge in species normally found in warmer climates. Perhaps this is an indicator of global warming in VT, but, whatever the cause, we should become more aware of this spider. Description - They are black spiders with long tapering legs. The abdomen is globose and the overall size for females ranges from 8-13 mm. (3/4" in) while the males are smaller (3/8"). They make haphazard webs with a retreat tunnel at one end and are usually found outdoors under rocks, bark and around outside sheds. They could be inadvertently brought inside with firewood, lumber or some camping equipment. Number of species - There are two eastern species called Latrodectans mactans and variolus and there is a western one called hesperus Anterior ventral

45. Exn.ca's Deadly Bugs: black widow spiders. Female black widow spiders use its venom to paralyze its prey (Photo courtesy of Greensmiths Inc.). (By Roxane Tracey — Jun. http://www.exn.ca/Bugs/BlackWidows.cfm

Black Widow Spiders Female black widow spiders use its venom to paralyze its prey (Photo courtesy of Greensmiths Inc.) (By Roxane Tracey Description: There are about six species of the black widow spider - all of which are poisonous. The female black widow spider (the most deadly of the two genders) is shiny and black, with a reddish hourglass shape on the bottom of her spherically shaped abdomen. The female's body is about two and a half centimetres long (including her legs). The male is about half her size and at times appears with a pair of reddish stripes on the sides of his abdomen. Where to find them: They make their homes everywhere from deserts to trash cans and attics - generally spinning their webs in warm, dark places. Black widows are found throughout most of the Western Hemisphere. Species such as Latrodectus hesperus are common in the western U.S. and the Latrodectus mactans species is common in eastern and central American states. The attack: Although nobody in the U.S. has died from a black widow spider bite in 10 years, it can be a painful experience if the female decides to attack. The more timid male black widow spider does not bite humans as the female reigns as the more aggressive of the two. Death is most likely to occur from a black widow spider bite if medical attention is unavailable. A female black widow spider's bite looks almost like a target, with a lighter area surrounded by a red circle. Although her venom is 15 times more potent than an equal amount of rattlesnake venom, her 1.7-millimetre fangs inject only a tiny amount of the liquid.

46. Black Widow Spider (Latrodectus Hesoerus) tree. This is the most likely habitat for hungry black widow spiders. Their bite coloration. The Male Black Widow Spider This male http://kaweahoaks.com/html/latrodectus_hesoerus.html

Black Widow Latrodectus hesoerus * * images of female, immature and male left - Mature female Black Widow right - Female with penny for size comparison In nature, and especially at Kaweah Oaks Preserve, never put your hand into a squirrel, rabbit or other dark hole in the ground or tree. This is the most likely habitat for hungry Black Widow Spiders. Their bite is painful and is the most toxic of all spiders in the Central Valley. Its poison can cause flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, liver damage - especially in young children or the elderly. Luckily, they are very sensitive to insecticides and, therefore, easy to control. Immature Black Widow Immature Black Widows have the same shape as the mature "Widow" but with dramatic color markings. An immature Widow, although much smaller that an adult, can still cause a painful and dangerous bite. As you can see, the characteristic hourglass marking is yellowish, not red, in this young female spider. After mating, the female spider takes on the sinister black with red hourglass coloration. The Male Black Widow Spider This male specimen was found on the outside of a neighbor's home in mid-October, well after mating season. So he either did not mate

47. BLACK WIDOW, Spider Control, SPIDER, Spiders, Brown Recluse Spider, Wolf Spider, SPIDERS, BLACK WIDOW SPIDER. black widow spiders are common around wood piles, and are frequently encountered when homeowners carry firewood into the house. http://www.bugsaway.com/blackwidow.htm

SPIDERS, BLACK WIDOW SPIDER Treat the perimeter of the building with Demon WP paying particular attention to corners and entry points. Demon WP is effective against all spiders, including the brown recluse, black widow , house, wolf and garden spiders. Demon WP is odorless, has a low mammalian toxicity, and is especially effective against ants, millipedes, spiders , big roaches, carpenter bees, clothes moths and scorpions. If you do not agree that Demon WP is the best spider control product you have ever used, keep the unused portion and we will credit your account for the full purchase price plus freight. For continuous spider control, spray outside each month and inside every other month, until the killing frost. We now offer a Spider Kit with: Two packets of Demon WP (making 8 gallons of finished spray). A 15 oz aerosol for quick and convenient applications and hard to get to places. THE SPIDER KIT IS $49.50. Save $5.35!!! Click on this link to see the Spider Control Kit. Click here to order your Spider Control products Brown Recluse Spider Araneae: Loxascelidae, Loxosceles reclusa(BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER)

48. Black Widow Spiders Beware the black widow spider and find out what to do if encountered. black widow spiders. black widow spiders are of the latrodectus species and are poisonous. http://allsands.com/Science/Animals/blackwidowspid_wmg_gn.htm

Black widow spiders Black widow spiders are of the latrodectus species and are poisonous. Several species of the black widow are found throughout the United States and their venom may cause serious harm or in rare occasions may be fatal. These poisonous spiders are shiny, black and have a red hourglass making the underside of their abdomen. They are about the size of a quarter with coarse webs that tend to be irregular and approximately one foot wide. Both adults and tiny spiderlings just after they are hatched are able to inflict venomous bites. bodyOffer(4644) Female black widows produce egg sacks that contain hundred of eggs. These hatch into hundreds of tiny venemous spiderlings that may be carried many miles by the wind before finding a resting place. They live under rocks, wood, piles of dirt and other rubbish piles outdoors. Indoors they may be found in areas such as garages, cellars, attics and other secluded places in the home. They prefer dark, secluded spaces but will inhabit areas under boards, in clutter cupboards, in piles of old clothing or in exposed crevices. The best bet to avoid black widow spiders is to avoid allowing them a secluded area to set up shop. Make sure piles of clothes, debris, wood and other such piles are regularly maintained or taken care of. It is best to keep woodpiles away from the home to avoid black widow spiders coming indoors. When cleaning infested sites make sure you wear heavy gloves and protected clothing. Webs and infested areas of spiders may be neutralized by spraying with propoxur, chlorypyrifos or diazinon containing insecticides. You can also dust areas where spiders may hide with chlorypyrifos. Once indoor areas have been infested and sprayed, vacuum areas thoroughly to remove any remaining egg sacks, webs or spiders. Then destroy the vacuum cleaner bag. If you are bitten by a black widow spider, immediately call your physician and keep ice on the site until you receive further medical instruction from a professional.

49. Black Widow Spider Black Widow Spider By Lance Meek. About the Department, black widow spiders are commonly found around homes, garages, barns and other manmade structures. http://www.wildlifedepartment.com/blackspider.htm

Black Widow Spider By Lance Meek Like wolves and snakes, the black widow spider is the victim of bad publicity. While they are one of the two potentially dangerous spiders found in Oklahoma, their bad public image is somewhat undeserved. The truth is that the black widow has not caused any deaths in the United States for several decades. Also, they are a voracious consumer of insects, particularly flies, crickets, and even cockroaches. Black widow is actually the common name given to several long-legged, smooth bodied spiders found in the tropics, southern United States and southern Canada. The female of the species found in Oklahoma, Latrodectus mactans, can be identified by its jet black body with an hourglass-shaped red mark on the underside of the abdomen. When mature, she measures about one and a half inches with her legs extended. Males, which are rarely seen, are only about half as large and usually have four pairs of red dots along the side of the abdomen. Home (Click to see larger image.)

50. Spiders I came across your website while searching the web for photos that might help in identifying a couple of black widow spiders we recently acquired. http://www.rochedalss.eq.edu.au/redblack.htm

Year 5's Red-back 1998 Year 5's Spiders 2000 Year 5's Spiders 2001 Australian Spiders - ... Email Us You are viewer number: These pages are maintained and created by Glenda Crew. Spider Photos - Redback/Black Widow Here's some photos of Redback spiders and their relations in the United States - the Black and Brown Widows. For more information on these spiders, click here . For other types of spiders please select a section: Unidentified Spiders 2004 Unidentified Spiders 2003 Unidentified Spiders 2002 Unidentified Spiders 2001 ... Lynx Spiders Redback/Black Widow 23 October, 2003: Kate 22 October, 2003: Thanks, Kate Lain Eaton Canyon Nature Center Pasadena, California USA 17 October, 2003: Hello! I was searching on the internet to see what kind of spider this was that my husband found when I came across your site. I was wondering if you could tell me if this is a redback black widow? It was under our dogs water dish. Thanks! Krista Reply: Yes it is a black widow

51. Black Widow Spider - Black Widow Spiders black widow spiders. Found 17 articles. Displaying articles 1 to 17 Spiders black widow spiders are timid by nature University http://www.growinglifestyle.com/h/pest/blackwidow/

GARDENING HOME IMPROVEMENT PESTS PETS ... SHOP Black Widow Spiders Found 17 articles. Displaying articles 1 to 17: Spiders The female black widow spider is shiny black. They are about 1/2 inch long with long slender legs. There usually is a reddish or orange mark in the underside of the globular abdomen in the shape of an hourglass. Black widow spiders are timid by nature ... University of Delaware Widow Spiders The potency of the black widow venom is well documented. Since the mouthparts (chelicerae) of the male are very small they are reputed to never bite. All encounters with man and animals can be attributed to the female. The bite of the western black ... Extension Entomology, Hawaii Black Widow Spiders The female black widow spider rarely leaves her web. The web she constructs is an irregular, tangled, cris-cross web of rather coarse silk. The core of the web is almost funnel shaped, woven into a silken tunnel in which the female spider spends the ... Professional Pest Control Products Hortnews - Environment Lobby Calls For Election Focus On ... The spiders identified included the poisonous western black widow spider, black widow spider, brown widow spider, and red-backed spiders. There were also red-backed jumping spiders, a wolf spider, cobweb spiders, yellow sac spider, grey house spider, ... HortNET New Zealand The Black Widow If black widows are found, the premises should be thoroughly inspected to determine breeding areas in and around buildings. Remove any spiders, webs, and egg sacs by vacuuming. When emptying the vacuum bag, leave the motor running while sealing the ...

52. CCHS Clinical Digital Library Black Widow Spider Bites Patient/Family Resources. black widow spiders Access document. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia Table of contents http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/patientinfo/emergency/conditions/bites/spider/widow-s

Patient/Family Resources by Topic: Emergency Medicine Black Widow Spider Bites Patient/Family Resources Pediatrics Spanish Miscellaneous See also: Black Widow Spider Bites Clinical Resources Arizona Poison and Drug Information Center: Homepage Venomous Critters Table of contents Black Widow Spiders Access document MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Black Widow Spider: English Spanish Merck Manual - Second Home Edition Table of contents Section 24. Accidents and Injuries: Table of contents Chapter 298. Bites and Stings: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Spider Bites: Access document Pediatrics MD Consult: Homepage Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Patient Handouts Table of content Spider and Scorpion Bites (Pediatric Version): English Spanish KidsHealth (Nemours Foundation): Homepage Health Information for Kids: Table of contents Everyday Illnesses and Injuries: List of documents Hey! A Black Widow Spider Bit Me!: Access document Health Information for Parents: Table of contents First Aid and Safety: List of documents Insect Stings and Bites: Access document Spanish MD Consult: Homepage Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Patient Handouts Table of content Spider and Scorpion Bites (Pediatric Version): English Spanish MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Black Widow Spider: English Spanish Miscellaneous Spider Bites Patient/Family Resources Healthfinder (US DHHS): Homepage Insect/Bee Sting: List of documents National Library of Medicine MEDLINE plus Health Topics: Index Insect Bites and Stings:

53. Black Widow Spider --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia Black widow spider Britannica Student Encyclopedia. , black widow spiders Desert USA Fact sheet on this arachnid species, the Lactrodectus hesperus. http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article?eu=333971&query=spider&ct=ebi

54. Black Widow The Black Widow Spider. The Young black widow spiders are tangray in color, and have orange and white stripes on their abdomens. Black http://www.aacpl.net/rp/parks/QuietWaters/black_widow.htm

55. EHow.com: How To Identify And Treat Black Widow Spider Bites How to Identify and Treat Black Widow Spider Bites. Steps 1. Learn to recognize female black widow spiders, whose bites are venomous. http://www.ehow.com/how_7749_identify-treat-black.html

More Than 15,000 How-to Solutions How to: Home Health Center > Public Health and Safety How to Identify and Treat Black Widow Spider Bites Black widow bites are most dangerous to small children and the elderly. These bites will also make adults pretty sick. Steps: Learn to recognize female black widow spiders, whose bites are venomous. They are usually coal black and have a reddish hourglass shape on their bellies. Exercise caution when stepping or reaching into places where black widow webs are likely to be: in cool dark places such as underneath rocks or logs, or inside caves, unoccupied structures or outdoor latrines. Look for the signs and symptoms of a black widow bite: redness at the site of the bite; muscle cramps originating at the bite and spreading throughout the body; pain and cramping in the back and abdomen; nausea, vomiting, perspiration, dizziness; changes in levels of consciousness (See "How to Measure Level of Consciousness"). Clean bite area with soap and water and elevate to at least level of the heart.

56. Eliminating Spiders Around Homes And Buildings black widow spiders are not as common in homes as the brown recluse. black widow spiders are timid, however, and will only bite in response to being injured. http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/Entomology/entfacts/struct/ef623.htm

University of Kentucky Entomology EntFacts Information Sheets ELIMINATING SPIDERS AROUND HOMES AND BUILDINGS By Mike Potter, Extension Entomologist University of Kentucky College of Agriculture Many different kinds of spiders live in and around buildings. Some, such as garden and cellar spiders, construct webs to help entrap their prey. Others, including the wolf spiders, are free-roaming and make no webs. Most spiders are harmless and in fact are beneficial because they prey upon flies, crickets and other insects. They generally will not attempt to bite humans unless held or accidentally trapped. Moreover, the majority of spiders have fangs too small or weak to puncture human skin. Of the hundreds of species found in Kentucky, only the black widow and brown recluse are dangerous. Fortunately, both are relatively uncommon, and have markings which can be used to distinguish them from other non-threatening species. Black Widow Spider USDA Insect and Plant Disease Slide Set Of the spiders capable of inflicting a poisonous bite, black widows are the most notorious. The female is about 1/2-inch long, shiny black and usually has a red hourglass mark on the underside of the abdomen. In some varieties the hourglass mark may be reduced to two separate spots. Spiderlings and male spiders are smaller than the females and have several red dots on the abdomen’s upper side.

57. Cobweb Spiders Black Widows Of Kentucky Critter Case Files Buildings. Transylvania University has a great page with information about black widow spiders at http//kaston.transy.edu/widow.html. http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/CritterFiles/casefile/spiders/cobweb/cobweb.htm

[Home] [For Kids] [Bugfood!] [Mystery Bug] ... [For Teachers and Parents] University of Kentucky Department of Entomology COBWEB SPIDERS By Blake Newton, Extension Entomologist University of Kentucky, Department of Entomology B. Newton, 2002 CLASS: Arachnida ORDER: Araneae FAMILY: Theridiidae AKA: Comb-footed spiders FIELD IDENTIFICATION Cobweb spiders can be difficult to distinguish from other kinds of web-building spiders, especially orb weavers . The main difference: webs made by cobweb spiders appear messy and disorganized, unlike the organized, circular webs made by orb-weavers. In addition, cobweb spiders often have abdomens that are comparatively larger and more spherical than orb-weavers. Cobweb spiders have 8 eyes and (like all spiders), they have 8 legs, 2 body parts, and fang-like mouthparts called "chelicerae." SIZE: Body length up to about 1/2" Typical Cob Web LIFE CYCLE Incomplete metamorphosis: like all spiders, young cobweb spiders hatch from eggs and look like tiny adults. They shed their skin as they grow. Most cobweb spiders live for less than 1 year. At the end of the summer, female cobweb spiders produce a large amount of eggs that they wrap in an egg case made of silk. The young spiders hatch in the spring.

58. Objective Consulting, Inc. Spider Information Black Widow black widow spiders and Other Spiders of Medical Importance. This page discusses spiders of medical importance. Offers a profile on black widow spiders. http://www.spiders.com/info/topic.jsp?id=5

59. Black Widow Spiders - Medical black widow spiders Medical - resources selection for health and medical professionals. black widow spiders DesertUSA.com, Introduction. http://www.electronics-ee.com/Health/Medical/Black_Widow_Spiders.htm

Black Widow Spiders - Medical - resources selection for health and medical professionals. Black widow spiders and other spiders of medical importance (Directory) Louis B. Caruana, Southwest Texas State Univ Introduction LookSmart : Guides to the black widow spider (Directory) Introduction Yahoo : Widow spiders (Directory) Introduction Black widow spider (Includes spider bite symptoms) California poison control system Introduction Black widow spider William F. Lyon, Ohio State University extension fact sheet Introduction Black widow spiders in the low desert Maricopa county cooperative extension, California Introduction MEDLINEplus Health Encyclopedia : Black widow spider : Symptoms Introduction Black widow spiders DesertUSA.com Introduction Black widow spider Eric Day, Virginia cooperative extension Introduction Keywords: Black Widow Spiders - Medical Nb of links = Please Login or Register.

60. Black Widow Spiders black widow spiders. Posted by SoCal_Meyer z9 SoCalifornia (My Page) on Sun, Apr 25, 04 at 1744. FollowUp Postings RE black widow spiders. http://forums2.gardenweb.com/forums/load/organic/msg041744204569.html

Return to the Organic Gardening Forum Post a Follow-Up black widow spiders Posted by z9 SoCalifornia ( My Page ) on Sun, Apr 25, 04 at 17:44 We live in Southern California and have never had to deal with pest control other than letting loose some ladybugs and preying mantids. Most of the time, we pluck pests off our plants, and are willing to share some of our harvest with the rest. Except, we have black widows aplenty. Most of the time, my DH will find their homes and destroy them, but we only get a very small percentage. And, honestly, we were fine with that because our attitude was "I won't bother you if you don't bother me". But now with our growing family, we're going to soon have toddlers who'll want to play outdoors where there are spiders a plenty this time of year. I know they love to hide in our aloe vera plants (potted), and hide under the rims of our pots, around the windows, and who knows where else. Anyone know of any natural predators or anything I can do to organically eliminate them? Thanks for any advice.

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