61. Defra, UK: News Releases 2003: ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SCHEMES SHARE IN £1.26MILLION and Wales to heat homes using alternative fuel sources a scheme designed to cut energy bills, combat 429,446) and the Llandwddyn Community biomass Scheme in http://www.defra.gov.uk/news/2003/030821a.htm

NEWS RELEASE Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London, SW1P 3JR Out of hours: 020 7270 8960 Up to index 21 August 2003 ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SCHEMES SHARE IN £1.26 MILLION BOOST Projects in Scotland and Wales to heat homes using alternative fuel sources are to share £1.26 million government cash under a scheme designed to cut energy bills, combat greenhouse gases and tackle fuel poverty. Shetland's Hjaltland Housing Association (£429,446) and the Llandwddyn Community Biomass Scheme in Powys (£47,459) are among four new grants under the government's £50 million Community Energy programme, which helps to fund energy-saving schemes to heat homes, hospitals, schools and other public buildings. The Hjaltland scheme uses energy from waste to heat 125 new houses in the Shetland Islands' biggest housing development for 30 years. The Llandwddyn project's woodchip biomass boiler uses locally sourced wood to heat a school and community centre as well as houses. Other grants announced today are £746,642 to University College London, which supersedes a £140,000 scheme successful in the previous bidding round, and £42,009 to Angus Community Care Charitable Trust. The four schemes combined will cost almost £4million and cut carbon emissions by over 1,000 tonnes a year.

62. ENERGY BOOK alternative energy Wind and Water. alternative energy. 13. alternative energy - biomass and Synfuels. 14. energy, Environment and Economics. energy and Society. 15. http://home.comcast.net/~jfanchi/ENERGY.htm

Home ENERGY-GENERAL ENERGY-TEXTBOOK IFLO MATH PARS PRQT ... SEM ENERGY: Technology and Directions for the Future John R. Fanchi. Ph.D. Energy: Technology and Directions for the Future is a survey of energy sources that will be available for use in this century. It recognizes that society’s dependence on fossil energy is in a state of transition to a broader energy mix. Forecasts of the 21 st century energy mix show that a range of scenarios is possible. The more likely scenarios anticipate the use of several different energy sources. Energy professionals of the future will need to understand the origin and interactions of these energy sources to thrive in an energy industry that is evolving from an industry dominated by fossil fuels to an industry working with many energy sources. Energy: Technology and Directions for the Future is designed to help the reader understand and appreciate the role of alternative energy components in the energy mix. To achieve this objective, the reader will learn about the history and science of energy sources as well as energy technology. Material in the text is presented in a set of thematic modules (see the table below). Themes include thermodynamics, electricity distribution, geothermal energy, fossil fuels, solar energy, nuclear energy, alternative energy (wind, water, biomass, synfuels), energy and society, energy and the environment, sustainable development, the hydrogen economy, and energy forecasting. Technical strands run through the thematic modules to help prepare students for increasingly sophisticated concepts. A familiarity with the material presented in the text will help the reader better assess the viability of emerging energy technologies and the role they will play in the future.

63. NRDC: Biomass Energy biomass energy Converting biomass into energy is one of the alternative energy technologies that can help curb air pollution and global warming. http://www.nrdc.org/air/energy/fbiom.asp

Energy In Brief : Fact Sheet Biomass Energy Converting biomass into energy is one of the alternative energy technologies that can help curb air pollution and global warming. Larger scale use of biomass to generate electricity or for motor vehicle fuel is a more recent development. And with our world's economy still built around the use of fossil fuels, biomass is worth a closer look. Technological advances and political accommodations have allowed biomass power to appear on the radar screen as a viable energy alternative. Today, biomass is poised to make a major contribution to domestic and international electricity and fuel needs while providing substantial environmental benefits. Biomass can be converted to energy, either as electricity or as liquid fuels, such as ethanol. Some of the most common biomass energy sources are wood, animal manure, crop residues and "dedicated" crops those grown specifically for energy such as willow trees and switchgrass. An uncountable number of woodstoves are being used to produce heat for buildings and for cooking throughout the world, making biomass one of the most common forms of energy. Utilities and commercial and industrial facilities are also using biomass to produce electricity in increasing amounts. But most biomass users today rely on inefficient and sometimes highly polluting ways of converting biomass into energy. Furthermore if the trees, crops and manure used to generate energy come from unsustainable practices such as clearcut logging and factory-style hog farming, then the biomass energy is unsustainable too.

64. Zenzibar Alternative Culture Directory resources of nature resources like the sun, wind, and biomass. www.suntrekenergy.com/ The Northwest s Premier Source for alternative energy Equipment and http://www.zenzibar.com/directory/links.asp?cat=SE

65. FOREST Project Links And Resources Biomass And Alternative Links biomass energy A collection of links, related to the Component 4 Presented here is a collection of links to the outside web resources, located in http://www.forestproject.ru/web2/links/links-biomass.htm

66. Alternative Renewable Energy in alternative economic development. Phyllis, a database on the composition of biomass and waste. If you need the details, they are here. Bioenergy List http://www.energyconservationinfo.org/altenergy.htm

Alternative Renewable Energy Biodiesel Biofuels (general) Commercial sites General ... Better Times General Steve's Renewable Energy Musings , a discussion and educational resource for do-it-yourself home built off-grid energy production. Wood gas, bio diesel, hydro, steam, hydrogen, methane, wind, alcohol, photo-voltaics. Tutorial on off-grid and renewable energy , a quick overview of the basics. Alternative Energy Links , from Frugal Living at About.com , lots of links to all aspects of alternative energy. Alternative Energy , the about.com guide to going grid-free. Links, articles, product evaluations, access. Green Energy News , covering clean, renewable, and efficient energy for transportation, home, and business. Green LA , Los Angeles residents can voluntarily agree to pay 6% extra on their electric bill, with the funds used to subsidize the purchase of electricity generated by renewable sources (solar, wind, geothermal, etc.) This electricity tends to cost a bit more than power generated by fossil fuel plants, but the price of the fossil fuel plant doesn't include the cost of the pollution. As of November 1999, 20,000 households had signed up for the program. This program is designed to allow consumers to encourage alternative non-polluting energy markets to create new productive enterprises to provide such renewable energy. Renewables for Sustainable Village Power Program access to information about local and village electrical power programs not dependent upon importing electricity from a grid.

67. Alternative Energy To promote clean and renewable alternative energy sources like wind, thermal, solar, tidal, biomass and fuel cell technologies. 2003/04 2005/06 Service Plan http://www.em.gov.bc.ca/AlternativeEnergy/default.htm

Alternative Energy Photovoltaics Workbook Aboriginal Relations Alternative Energy External Relations Legislation Links and Related Organizations Mining ... Who We Are The Alternative Energy Policy Branch's objectives are to develop and implement policies, programs, legislation and regulations that: enhance the research, development, deployment and commercialization of British Columbia's alternative energy resources and technologies; and maximize energy resource potential and value to British Columbians through the effective application of energy efficiency and conservation technologies and management practices. New Era Commitment: To promote clean and renewable alternative energy sources like wind, thermal, solar, tidal, biomass and fuel cell technologies. 2003/04 - 2005/06 Service Plan: Objective: To stimulate investor interest in BC's clean energy sectors. Performance Target: Achieve an additional 10% increase in investment in BC’s clean energy sector over the established baseline. http://www.bcbudget.gov.bc.ca/sp2003/em/

68. VENEMAN ANNOUNCES AGREEMENT TO ENCOURAGE ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES, GREENHOUSE VENEMAN ANNOUNCES AGREEMENT TO ENCOURAGE alternative energy SOURCES, GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONS. opportunity to generate and market solar, wind and biomass power http://www.usda.gov/news/releases/2003/10/0364.htm

Release No. 0364.03 Julie Quick (202) 720-4623 VENEMAN ANNOUNCES AGREEMENT TO ENCOURAGE ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES, GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTIONS Agriculture Secretary Ann M. Veneman with Glenn English, CEO of National Rural Electric Cooperative Association. Veneman signed a Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) to identify and advance cost-effective, voluntary opportunities for rural electric cooperatives to partner with farmers and ranchers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Photo by USDA mvc-001f.jpg Secretary Veneman and NRECA Chief Executive Officer Glenn English signed the MOU, which emphasizes the potential for taking actions in the communities served by rural cooperatives. It identifies areas for public-private cooperation in research, standards development, and education and it will, by removing technical and market barriers, help increase the use of renewable resources to generate electricity. NRECA will assist member utilities in increasing the use of renewable energy including biomass gasification power plants, waste-to-energy systems, and wind and solar power. NRECA will continue research and development of new technologies and will also explore innovative approaches for integrating renewable electricity to the grid.

69. Renewable Energy energy Information Network Provides information on wind, solar, geothermal, ocean, biomass, hydro and other renewable energy resources. alternative Fuels Data http://library.ust.hk/guides/renew-energy.html

Renewable Energy Finding Library Materials: Classification System Subject Headings Reference Tools: Databases Dictionaries Encyclopedias Handbooks ... Videos Reference Topics: Biomass and Biofuels Companies Geothermal Hydro ... Wind Finding Library Materials: Classification System In the Library collection, most materials on Renewable Energy (or Alternative Energy) are classified in these ranges of Library of Congress call numbers. Renewable energy sources Hydrogen as fuel Photovoltaic power generation Solar power plants Wind energy Subject Headings In the Library Online Catalog, do a subject search on these suggested subject headings. Biomass energy Geothermal resources Hydrogen as fuel Photovoltaic power generation ... Wind Power Other search tips are available from the Guide to the Library Online Catalogs Reference Tools: Databases AGRICOLA Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts Ei Compendex Plus Environment Abstracts ... Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science) Dictionaries English-Chinese dictionary of energy engineering (Reference TJ163.16 .Y565 2000)

70. Back To Biomass Home Page Back to biomass Home Page. Grassley tax victories in energy bill good news for biomass project Key alternative energy production tax incentives from Sen. http://www.cvrcd.org/grassleytaxvictories.htm

Back to Biomass Home Page Grassley tax victories in energy bill good news for biomass project Key alternative energy production tax incentives from Sen. Chuck Grassley, ranking member of the Committee on Finance, passed late last week as part of a comprehensive energy policy bill. "It makes sense to use the tax code to develop alternative energy," Grassley said. "Cutting taxes is an effective incentive to encourage positive, environmentally conscious ways to produce electricity. I'm glad to work with Senate leaders to advance a good, green energy package." Velvet Glenn, Chariton Valley Biomass Project coordinator, says the energy bill is good news for the Chariton Valley Biomass Project. “The tax incentives will allow switchgrass to become more cost competitive with other renewable energies. This package will provide a tax credit of 1.5 cents per kilowatt hour, which is equal to $20 per ton of switchgrass,” she says. Elizabeth Paris, Tax Counsel for the United States Senate Finance Committee, who has worked closely with Senator Grassley and the Chariton Valley Biomass Project to develop the legislative language, says everyone involved worked very hard to protect this project. “It’s an amazing project to work on and to contribute to this effort has been a rewarding experience. This provides the opportunity to use closed loop biomass to create electricity to restore prairie lands and to create another income for farmers and ranchers,” Paris says.

71. Biomass of switchgrass, created interest in the potential of growing the plant on marginal land as an alternative energy crop. Chariton Valley biomass Project conducts http://www.cvrcd.org/biomass.htm

Project Biomass Chariton Valley Biomass Project conducts co-fire test. Chariton Valley Biomass Project 2002 Conference ... Switchgrass co-fire testing Power plant modifications. Click here to read about switchgrass nozzles being installed at OGS. Related Web Site Check out this Solstice site that enables you to link to discussion groups regarding biomass. bioenergy@crest.org Solstice is the Internet information service of the Renewable Energy Policy Project and the Center for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Technology (REPP-CREST), and is your site for sustainable energy and development information. For more information about Prairie Lands Bio-Products Inc. or the Chariton Valley Biomass Project, contact

72. Find Websites You searched SciLinks for alternative energy Sources . Chemical energy Why are fuel cells so exciting? biomass The term biomass energy is generally used to http://www.scilinks.org/retrieve_outside.asp?sl=742111991066

73. Renewable And Alternative Energy Applications For State Agencies biomass is a form of energy stored in growing matter through photosynthesis, which, when converted, can produce electricity, heat, process steam, or liquid http://www.mme.state.va.us/de/chap7a.html

Renewable Energy Technologies Assistance There are a number of renewable energy technologies which may make both economic and environmental sense for your agency to investigate, either in the planning and design of new facilities or as an energy cost reduction strategy for existing facilities. These technologies may include, but are not limited to passive solar design, photovoltaic (solar electric), solar thermal water heating, biomass/bioenergy systems, and geothermal/ground-source heat pumps. Agencies are encouraged to work with the architectural and engineering firms assisting them in the planning and design of new facilities and renovations to assess options for cost-effectively employing renewable energy technologies. The Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy can provide interested agencies and their architectural and engineering firms with targeted information, technical assistance, and guidance in assessing the potential for using renewable energy technologies. Following is a brief introduction to some of the more commonly used renewable energy technologies and several strategies for your consideration. NOTE: This is not intended to be a comprehensive listing of all possible renewable energy technologies. For example, wind energy systems are not covered, however there are a few areas of the state (especially the higher mountain elevations in the southwestern part of the state and in some areas of Virginia's eastern shore) where the wind energy resource may be large enough to consider an application of this technology.

74. Nearctica - Environment - Renewable Energy - Biomass US Department of energy. An excellent site on the production of fuels and power from biomass. alternative Fuels Data Center. US Department of energy. http://www.nearctica.com/environ/renew/biomass.htm

Renewable Energy - Biomass Special Segments Butterflies of North America Conifers of North America Eastern Birds List of N.A. Insects Home Eastern Wildflowers General Topics Natural History Ecology Family Environment Evolution Home Education Home Conservation Geophysics Paleontology Commercial Organizations Return to Renewable Energy Main Page BioPower Program . U.S. Department of Energy. An excellent site on the production of fuels and power from biomass. The site contains reports and information, frequently asked questions, current news, a discussion of the environmental effects of biofuel production, its history, and a large number of articles on the technical aspects of biofuels production. Highly recommended. Alternative Fuels Data Center . U.S. Department of Energy. A great web site on alternative fuels including many of the biofuels such as methanol, ethanol, and biodiesel. The site contains segments of basic information on each fuel, frequently asked questions, alternative fuel vehicles, technical publications, current events and news, and much more. Highly recommended. American Bioenergy Association . Basic information about biomass energy, addresses to contact members of Congress, and news related to biomass energy.

75. Scotsman.com News - Alternative Energy Sources - Strike A Blow For Greener Power alternative energy sources, This means the development of renewable energy schemes, including wind, marine, biomass and hydro power, the creation of http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=605&id=533922004

76. Scotsman.com News - Alternative Energy Sources - Time To Energise The Debate On alternative energy sources, could be just as transformative for today’s energy companies Scottish Coal is actively exploring wind and biomass while BP is going http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=605&id=572432004

77. Guardian Unlimited | Special Reports | Special Report: Renewable Energy commission May 12 More than 1m homes planned by ministers over the next decade could be powered and fuelled by biomass energy derived from alternative energy http://www.guardian.co.uk/renewable/0,2759,180749,00.html

@import url(/external/styles/global/0,14250,,00.css); Sign in Register Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Living our values Newsroom Reader Offers Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Working at GNL Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK Business Online ... Quiz Search this site Go to ... Renewable energy: archive Links Special report: GM debate Special report: nuclear industry Renewable energy explained Interactive guide to offshore wind farms Renewable energy and you Renewable energy and the politicians Public debate The world Policy Across Europe The future Lobby groups American Bioenergy Association Friends of the earth Greenpeace International Energy Agency ... British Wind Energy Association Related story The environment Latest Baltimore drops green energy plan June 4: Baltimore, the former dotcom darling, has dropped plans to reinvent itself as a provider of green energy and has said it will return cash to investors.

78. Great Lakes Regional Biomass Energy Program - Alternative The Application of Waste Sugar alternative Feedstocks to Feasibility of Establishing energy Crops in Recycling Systems, Inc., Michigan biomass energy Program. http://www.cglg.org/biomass/feedstock.html

Alternative Feedstock Development The Application of Waste Sugar Alternative Feedstocks to Ethanol Production Vienna Agricultural Research Center, Illinois Department of Corrections This project aims to reduce the cost of ethanol production by supplementing the primary feedstock, corn, with waste sugar from confection and beverage manufacturers. The project team will assess potential sources and quantities of waste sugar in the Great Lakes region, conduct an economic analysis of ethanol production using waste sugar, and evaluate optimum blends of waste sugar solutions with corn. GLRBEP funding: $30,000; Cost sharing: $31,900. Determination of the Economic and Agronomic Feasibility of Establishing Energy Crops in Marginal Crop Land in the Upper Midwest PowerGrass Purveyors (PGP), Wisconsin The economic and agronomic feasibility of establishing switchgrass on marginal cropland in southwestern Wisconsin for electrical and liquid fuel production will be evaluated. PGP will investigate the most economically and environmentally sound management practices and costs of cultivating and harvesting switchgrass, crop production financing, crop markets, and potential farmer contracts. GLRBEP funding: $28,813; Cost sharing $28,813 An Analysis of the Ecological and Economic Impacts of Extracting and Utilizing Forest Harvest Residue Great Lakes Consulting Services and Resource Recycling Systems, Inc., Michigan Biomass Energy Program

79. Biomass Fuels, Energy, Carbon, And Global Climate Change been involved in research on alternative energy systems. to develop domestic sources of clean, inexpensive energy. biomass fuels used in efficient ways might http://www.ornl.gov/ORNLReview/rev28_2/text/bio.htm

By Janet Cushman Gregg Marland , and Bernhard Schlamadinger There is widespread concern that observed increases in the concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere will ultimately lead to changes in the earth's climate. Although it is clear that the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is increasing and that the increase is being driven in large measure by the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), the climatic consequences of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide are not so clear. Recognizing that fossil fuels play a very important role in the economies and lifestyles of people throughout the world, and acknowledging that great uncertainty exists regarding the climatic consequences of burning fossil fuels, it is reasonable to ask if the global economy can be powered in ways that might have less impact on the environment because they discharge less carbon dioxide. Janet Cushman and Gregg Marland examine the cross section of a tree, which began sequestering carbon from the atmosphere in 1648. Despite being harvested in 1972, some portions of this tree continue to store carbon in wood products. Bernhard Schlamadinger Oak Ridge National Laboratory has long been involved in research on alternative energy systems. Much of this research, including the

80. ENERGY FROM WOOD JI, and Baker, AJ In Klass, Donald, ed. energy from biomass and Wastes X Zerbe, JI In alternative energy in the Midwest Research and Applications Conference http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/energywd.htm

Energy from Wood List of Publications December 1994 United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory The publications in this list present results of Forest Products Laboratory research. These publications were written to facilitate application of new and existing technologies. The primary source for each publication is indicated in parentheses with the entry for that publication. Publications available from FPL may be ordered by FAX. Complete order details are given through the hotlink in parentheses. PDF Documents Some publications are available in Portable Document Format (PDF) (Adobe Acrobat). These files can be downloaded by clicking on the title followed by "(PDF size)", which indicates that a particular publication is also available in PDF. The Adobe Acrobat Reader must be installed on your system to be able to view or print a PDF document. The Acrobat Reader may already be part of your Web browser. If not, it is available from Adobe at http://www.adobe.com/acrobat/readstep.html

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