61. Pravapis.org - Belarus Official propaganda still overwhelmingly stresses history s Sovietversion belarus as a grateful partner of big brotherly Russia. http://www.pravapis.org/art_belarus1.asp

Recommended book: The Pyramid by Ismail Kadare Most popular pages: ... print it out Belarus: Belarusian history links a dismal present to a more encouraging past Belarus's election. Archive 13.09.2001. From The Economist print edition There are few better antidotes to despair in Eastern Europe than an old town soaked with good ideas from long ago. Even in the darkest years of communist rule, Czechs, Poles, Balts and others could take comfort from the visible signs of happier days. That is much harder for the 10m people of Belarus, who face five more years of stagnation and autocracy under their newly re-elected president, Alexander Lukashenka. On September 9th he claimed an implausible 76% of the vote in a presidential election that western observers say fell well short of international standards of fairness. Compared with its western neighbours, Belarus often seems a featureless country, both aesthetically and in national character. What two world wars did not destroy was mostly rounded off by Soviet planners and russifiers. Belarus managed barely nine months of independent statehood in 1918-too short to sustain the patriotic zing that helped other East Europeans to shake off Communist rule. History helps answer two depressing questions. First, why do so many Belarusians-perhaps more than half of them-genuinely think that an autocratic regime based on a bullying personality cult is so fine? After all, even allowing for the election's unfairness, a lot of Belarusians plainly do like Mr. Lukashenka. Second, why are the disgruntled rest, who broadly oppose his style of rule, unable to do anything about it? Even in a fair election Uladzimir Hancharyk, the main opposition candidate, who was officially credited with 15% of the vote, would probably have fared less than brilliantly. Opposition demonstrations against the election-rigging have already fizzled out.

62. JDC | Programs Worldwide | Former Soviet Union | Belarus | History mission history awards speakers archives contact us, Africa/Asia Americas Cent andEast Europe Europe Former Soviet Union Israel, Former Soviet Union /belarus. http://www.jdc.org/p_fsu_bel_history.html

mission history awards speakers ... > Uzbekistan The Jewish community in Belarus is the third-largest in the former Soviet Union, just behind those in Russia and Ukraine. At its heart is the city of Minsk, which is home to some 40,000 Jews. Over the past century, the Jewish community in the area then known as Byelorussia produced some of Zionism’s most celebrated leaders, including Chaim Weizmann and Menachem Begin. Byelorussia was also the birthplace of artist Marc Chagall. Until 1939, the western-most region of Byelorussia was ruled by Poland. The population in this area was nearly 90 percent Jewish. Almost all of these Jews perished in the Shoah . Today, scores of elderly Jews reside in Belarus. Many are Holocaust survivors who cannot afford the basic necessities of food and medicine. Casting further shadows on their lives is the continued cleanup from the Chernobyl disaster. JDC’s renewed involvement in Belarus began in 1989, with the advent of Glasnost . Between 1989 and 2001, 70,409 Jews made aliyah . Those who remain in Belarus – either by choice or by circumstance – are creating a vibrant and expanding Jewish community, despite incredible challenges and ongoing political and economic uncertainties.

63. National Museum Of Culture And History Of Belarus Currently a range of topical expositions on the history of belarus from the primitivesociety till the beginning of the XX century is functioning there. http://nacbibl.org.by/hist_cult/en/

National Museum of Culture and History of Belarus General information Historical review Museum funds Collection of archeology Collection of manuscripts and blackletter books Collection of numismatics ... The Memorial complex "The Brest Hero-Fortress" National museum of culture and history of Belarus The Association of the State Literary Museums of the Republic of Belarus The State Yakub Kolas's Memorial-and-Literary Museum The National Academic Opera Theatre of Belarus Historical review The leading Museum of the historic profile of the Republic of Belarus is the biggest collection of the monuments of material and spiritual culture of Belarusian people from the ancient times till contemporainety. It was established in 1957 as a museum of local lore, history and economy. In 1991in was reorganized to National museum. It was opened for visitors in 1967. Currently a range of topical expositions on the history of Belarus from the primitive society till the beginning of the XX century is functioning there. The following divisions work in the museum: - division of scientific elaboration of the exposition;

64. National Academic Ballet Theatre Of The Republic Of Belarus The history of the professional ballet on the Byelorussian lands began in the middleof the XVIIIth century. First of ballet groups and studios in belarus http://nacbibl.org.by/balet/en/history.html

65. Belarus - History And Photo Catalog Of World Paper Money Ruble) = 100 Kapeek, 19922000; new Ruble = 1000 old Ruble, from 2002.history of belarus. For Russian occupation issues see Russia http://www.atsnotes.com/catalog/belarus/belarus.html

home glossary, grading etc. ordering History and Photo Catalog of World Paper Money BELARUS A brief monetary history: Russian currency, till 1992 Ruble = (10 Russian Ruble) = 100 Kapeek, 1992-2000 new Ruble = 1000 old Ruble, from 2002 History of Belarus For Russian occupation issues see: Russia Imperial Russia, till 1919 West Russia, regional and local issues, 1914-1925 Soviet Union, 1919-1990 Pick # Date Republic (after collapse of Soviet Union) 0.50, 1, 3, 10, 25, 50, 100 rublei 200, 500, 1.000, 5.000 rublei 20.000, 50.000, 100.000 rublei 1.000, 5.000, 500.000, 1.000.000, 5.000.000 rublei 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1.000, 5.000, 10.000 rublei new 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1.000, 5000, 10.000 rublei; commemorative issue "Millennium" new 20 rublei; commemorative issue "Bank of Belarus 1991-2001" Remarks: all images reduced 50% Banknotes are attributed to last Pick's catalogue: Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, volume 2: General Issues 1368-1960 Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, volume 3: Modern Issues 1961- Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, volume 1: Specialized Issues To purchase banknotes, please check our price lists: World banknotes (part 1): countries A-F World banknotes (part 2): countries G-M World banknotes (part 3): countries N-Z We are always looking to buy collections or better individual banknotes.

66. Belarus. The World Factbook. 2003 Includes maps; brief history; and information about geography, people, government, economy, transportation, and military. http://www.bartleby.com/151/bo.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference World Factbook PREVIOUS NEXT ... MAP INDEX The World Factbook. Belarus Background After seven decades as a constituent republic of the USSR, Belarus attained its independence in 1991. It has retained closer political and economic ties to Russia than any of the other former Soviet republics. Belarus and Russia signed a treaty on a two-state union on 8 December 1999 envisioning greater political and economic integration. Although Belarus agreed to a framework to carry out the accord, serious implementation has yet to take place.

67. Vitebsk (Âèòåáñê) - Belarus (âèòåáñê) Vitebsk (?) belarus Web site contains history of belarus and Vitebsk,PhotoGallery of Vitebsk and belarus (Minsk),Travel tourist information,how http://www.vitebsk.com/

Your browser must support frames to allow you surfing on this site Home Gallery Info Links ... About Author Description: Vitebsk (Âèòåáñê,âèòåáñê,Âiöåáñê,âiöåáñê) Belarus Web site contains History of Belarus and Vitebsk,Photo Gallery of Vitebsk and Belarus (Minsk),Travel tourist information,how to communicate,Chat,Message board,Mark Chagall Welcome to the first web page about Vitebsk (Belarus) Vitebsk (Viciebs or Witebsk) is a Belarussian city situated on the North-East of the Belarus in the land of glacier lakes on the picturesque banks of the three rivers: the Zakhodnyaya Dzvina (in Russian - Zapadnaya Dvina, in old Belarusian -Rubon, in Latvian - Daugava) river, the Vitba and the Luchesa river . It is one of the oldest settlements in Europe. According to a legend Vitebsk was founded in 974 by Princess Olga of Kiev after successful campaign against the Baltic tribe Jacviahi . But the first information about the town in chronicles was in 1021. It had sprung up on a busy road "from Varangians to Greeks" and stood witness to a great number of glorious events and heroic deeds. Since early times the town had been known as a " warrior ". So it is not by chance that its ancient emblem featured a horseman holding a spear and shield.

68. Church Of Jesus Christ In Minsk, Belarus - History Minsk, belarus. This same year God raised to the national level therevelation about Evangelic history of belarus. The XVI http://www.cjcminsk.org/english/history.html

This site is hosted by Netfirms Web Hosting Main Page ... Church History Team Ministries We Believe Schedule ... Contact HISTORY Sometimes it is hard to imagine, that there is great multitude of people around the Earth united by one great Person. This Man was looking just like all of us, yet He performed inconceivable miracles. Of course, everybody heard of Him. Jesus proved indeed that He is the Christ, He is the one and only real Lord. And those who believed in Christ as in the Savior are the part of the great God's family. In this family all of us - orthodox, catholic, protestant christians - are brothers and sisters. God calls his children everybody who believes in Jesus Christ and trusts in Him (I John 5:1). "One God and Father of all, who is above all, and through all, and in you all." (Eph.4:6) History of the church: Pastor recollects In 1991 in Minsk several believers started to come together. It was the beginning of the ministry of the Church of Jesus Christ in Minsk, Full-Gospel church. God chose Benjamin and Nelli Brukh to do this work to build this local church in Minsk. From the story of Benjamin and Nelli: In January 1991 we were called by God to study in the Bible School "Christ to the World" that was in the Latvian city Jelgava. This school was headed by Steve Bradkovich, man of amazing faith who committed his life to minister to God and to people. Our teachers filled with love and compassion had great vision - to create thousands of churches across the Soviet Union and to help people. They were able to transfer this vision into us, their students.

69. Football Club BATE (Borisov, Belarus): History Of The Club, Archve history of the club. 73 FC BATE silver prize-winner of the Belarus2003y. 2003 - 2-nd place in the Belarussian championship. FC http://www.fcbate.by/archive_history.php?lang=en

70. Football Club BATE (Borisov, Belarus): History Of The Club, Archve The BATE in championships of belarus. Season, League, Pld, W, D, L, GFGA, Points,Place, 2003, Premier (D1), 30, 20, 6, 4, 70-21, 66, 2 (from 16), standing, games,players. http://www.fcbate.by/archive_champ.php?lang=en

71. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Belarus : History : Early History Through The Soviet Era AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon belarus history Early history through the Soviet Era, CIS And Baltic http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/B/Belarus-history.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 07, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia CIS And Baltic Political Geography ... Belarus By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z B Belarus, CIS And Baltic Political Geography Related Category: CIS And Baltic Political Geography Belarus or Byelarus u r OO Pronunciation Key History- Early History through the Soviet Era The region now constituting Belarus was colonized by East Slavic tribes from the 5th to the 8th cent. It fell (9th cent.) under the sway of Kievan Rus and was later (12th cent.) subdivided into several Belarussian principalities forming part of the Kievan state. Kiev's destruction by the Mongols in the 13th cent. facilitated the conquest (early 14th cent.) of Belarus by the dukes of Lithuania. The region became part of the grand duchy of Lithuania, which in 1569 was merged with Poland. The large Jewish population (later decimated by the Germans during World War II) settled in Belarus in the 14th cent. The region flourished under Lithuanian rule; but after the Polish-Lithuanian union Belarus lost its relative importance, and its ruling classes became thoroughly Polonized. In Mar., 1918, the Belarussian National Rada in Minsk proclaimed the region an independent republic; but in Jan., 1919, the Soviet government proclaimed a Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic at Smolensk, and soon the Red Army occupied all of Belarus. In 1921, the Treaty of Riga, which ended the Soviet-Polish War, awarded W Belarus to Poland. The eastern and larger part formed the Belorussian SSR when the USSR was formally established in 1922. In Sept., 1939, the Soviet army overran W Belarus and incorporated it into the Belorussian SSR. Occupied by the Germans during World War II, Belorussia was one of the most devastated areas of the USSR. In 1945 its western border was adjusted slightly in favor of Poland, but the 1939 frontier remained essentially unchanged. The republic has had a separate seat in the United Nations since 1945.

72. CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN EDUCATION DIRECTORY - HISTORY IN ASSOCIATION WITH BUSINESS SCHOOL. belarus. history. belarus State PedagogicalUniversity. belarus State University. Brest Pedagogical Institute. http://www.ceebd.co.uk/ceeed/belarus/arts/hi.htm

European Directory On-Line Engineering MBA Science Search: EuroEducation ... Student Holidays Education Directory IN ASSOCIATION WITH BUSINESS SCHOOL BELARUS History Belarus State Pedagogical University Belarus State University Brest Pedagogical Institute Gomel State University ... Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno To add detailed information on your school/university contact add-school@ceebd.co.uk City Business Promotion Centre Ltd

73. BELARUS RESEARCH - Genealogy - Http://maxpages.com/poland/Belarus_Research regions and cities. belarus history and Famous Personalities Linksregarding history and famous personalities. A belarus Miscellany http://www.maxpages.com/poland/Belarus_Research

var defaultpop = ''; var bspopid = '11616'; var bspoploc = ''; var popc = '0'; var bspopads = '6'; document.write(''); Home Polskie Genealogiczne Amish and Mennonite Research Archives North American ... Volunteers BELARUS RESEARCH All of Europe Genealogy Links Portal Association of the Belarusian Nobility Belarus Genealogy Forum @ GenForum Belarus: Geography, Regions and Cities Links regarding geography, regions and cities. Belarus - History and Famous Personalities Links regarding history and famous personalities. A Belarus Miscellany There's a page for genealogy within this site. Belarus on the Net Belarus Resources Belarus SIG Belarus Today ... Belarusian Heritage Links to a collection of pictures and historical articles on 40 Belarusian towns and cities of historical importance, famous Belarusians, heraldry, architecture, traditional clothing, etc. Belorussians in the Soviet Union Brest History and Geography Clickable Map of Belarus Coats of Arms of Belarusan Towns and Cities ... History/Genealogy Project in Pruzhany *All Belarus Database *Grodno Gubernia *Minsk Gubernia *Mogilev Gubernia *Vitebsk Gubernia *Belarus Resources *Online Newsletter John's Genealogy Resources on the Internet Site for finding Belarus mail lists, etc.

74. Belarus handbook, US Library of Congress A dated (1995) but still valuable Country StudyHandbook on belarus, including chapters on belarus s history, society http://www.fe.doe.gov/international/belarus.html

BELARUS LINKS TO BUSINESS INFORMATION SOURCES ON BELARUS US-DOE Energy Information Administration - Country Analysis Brief on Belarus. A description of Belarus' energy economy, including Oil, Coal, Natural Gas, and Electricity. Elsewhere at this site is a somewhat dated (1999) but still useful Country Energy Balance for Belarus with information on oil, coal, natural gas, and electricity. CIA World Factbook 2002 - A very useful information summary about Belarus, including sections on geography, people, government, economy, communications, transportation, military forces, and transnational issues. U.S. Department of Commerce - An economic and trade overview of Belarus, prepared by the Business Information Service for the Newly Independent States 1998 Investment Climate Statement for Belarus. U.S. Department of State U.S. Library of Congress CountryWatch.com (note: subscription required to access some of the information on this site) Belarus Mission to United Nations - A lengthy overview of the Republic of Belarus, with detailed descriptions of its history, population, system of government, foreign policy, economy, foreign investment policy, educational system, and culture.

75. LookSmart - Directory - Republic Of Belarus Federal Research Division belarus View belarus history and a country profilethat includes governmental, political, geographic, and economic information. http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317916/us559898/us560051/us560056/

@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); Home IN the directory this category YOU ARE HERE Home Society Countries Europe Republic of Belarus - Offers a guide to the Republic of Belarus, with news and profiles of this former Soviet Republic. Directory Categories Reference Desk Education News Travel Directory Listings About allRefer Reference - Belarus, Country Study Read a Belarusian history and a chronology of events. Includes details on population, language, religion, education, health, welfare, economy, government, and politics. Belarus - Country Guide and Statistics Find country information on the geography, people, government, economy, military, and other statistics. Belarus Now Informational and analytical weekly out of Minsk provides an English-language translation of old reports from the Russian Belorusskaya Gazeta. Last updated in 1999. Belarus, Virtual Guide to Guide to Belarus includes cultural and historical information, current politics and law details, a Belarusian/English dictionary, news, and city guides. CIA World Factbook - Belarus Offers a map of the Republic of Belarus and gives an overview of the demographics, economy, and political situation in this former Soviet state.

76. Belarus Maps, Pictures, History And More belarus. Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassy info,flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email us http://www.worldrover.com/country/belarus_main.html

Travel Books Used Books Bestsellers Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Belarus Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassy info, flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email us if you have any questions or suggestions. Search the Net for: Travel Guides source: CIA World Factbook 1999 Vital Statistics Brief History Embassy Info Travel Guides Search Net: Term Paper Search Net: Travel Free Clip Art w/ Flags! Slash your student loans 53%!! Thanks Uncle Sam!! home ... embassies

77. WorldRover - Country History A To Z and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Bahamas, The Bahrain BangladeshBarbados belarus Belgium Belize home, guides, history, stats, culture, embassies. http://www.worldrover.com/historymain.htm

Country History Welcome! Click on a country link below to find a brief history for your selected country. Check out the other country liks for more info including, travel guides, embassy addresses, and vital statistics. Free Internet Access A to G Afghanistan Albania Andorra Antigua and Barbuda ... Guyana H to P Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary ... Portugal Q to Z Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda ... embassies

78. Country Studies Belarus belarus People history Culture. Home. belarus A good overview ofbelarus, history, government, statistics and more. illustrated http://www.archaeolink.com/belarus_history_culture_people.htm

Belarus People History Culture Home Afghanistan Albania Algeria ... Vietnam You may find additional information about the country of your choice in the sections for Archaeology Anthropology or Ancient Civilizations Belarus An excellent tool for anthropological and historical research. "Handbook Series sponsored by the U.S. Department of the Army between 1986 and 1998. Each study offers a comprehensive description and analysis of the country or region's historical setting, geography, society, economy, political system, and foreign policy." - From Library of Congress - http://countrystudies.us/belarus/ Belarus A guide to law, constitution/s, legal history, international agreements and more. - From Law Library of Congress - http://www.loc.gov/law/guide/belarus.html Belarus "Belarus has been described as a flat, dull piece of land straddling the shortest route between Moscow and the Polish border. It's flat, alright, but dull is a little strong. Wide stretches of unbroken birch groves, vast forested marshlands and wooden villages amid rolling green and black fields give Belarus a haunting beauty." History, culture and more. - illustrated - From Lonely Planet - http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/europe/belarus/

79. BUBL LINK / 5:15 Internet Resources: European History Author Mikalai M Kasciukowich Subjects belarus, european history DeweyClass947.8 ResourceType index Location usa Last checked 20000814. Top, http://bubl.ac.uk/link/e/europeanhistory.htm

BUBL LINK / 5:15 Catalogue of Internet Resources Home Search Subject Menus A-Z ... About European history A-Z Index Titles Descriptions B@tavia Eighteenth Century History Resources ERCOMER: European Research Centre on Migration and Ethnic Relations EuroDocs: Primary Historical Documents from Western Europe ... WWW Virtual Library: Belarusian History Page last updated: 17 March 2003 Comments: bubl@bubl.ac.uk B@tavia Features original archive material, a virtual museum and other historical background information related to the Dutch East India Company, in Dutch and in English. Author: Stefan Deconinck Subjects: european history DeweyClass: ResourceType: documents Location: belgium, europe Last checked: Eighteenth Century History Resources Part of a larger collection of eighteenth century materials covering art, religion, culture and science. Resources are broken down into British, European and American history. Author: Jack Lynch Subjects: british history 1100-1800, european history DeweyClass: ResourceType: index Location: usa Last checked: ERCOMER: European Research Centre on Migration and Ethnic Relations ERCOMER is a university-based research institute devoted to the specialist study of migration and ethnic relations at a European level. It exists to bring together researchers, to initiate new projects, to provide training and to promote dissemination of information and research results.

80. History Of The Republic Of Belarus Important Dates in the. history of belarus. Man appeared on the territoryof belarus about 100 to 40 thousand years ago. 862 First http://www.belarus.net/Belarus/History/

BELARUS LOCATION MAP HISTORY ... CITY    Important Dates in the        History of Belarus Man appeared on the territory of Belarus about 100 to 40 thousand years ago. - First mention in chronicles of the town of Polotsk as the center of the Krivichi tribe in the Polotsk area. 2nd half of 10th century - The Polotsk Principality is established end of 10th century - The Turov Principality is established -The Grand Duchy of Lithuania is established - The Polish Kingdom and the Grand Kingdom of Lithuania unite in a federal state- the Commonwealth of Poland (Rzecz Pospolita) - Divisions of the Commonwealth of Poland and the inclusion of Belarus territory into the Russian Empire 1863-January 1864 - Insurrection in Belarus, Poland and Lithuania. November 7, 1917 - October coup in Petrograd. The announcement by the Executive Committee of Minsk Soviet of the transfer of power in Minsk and its suburbs to the Soviets. March 25, 1918 - Declaration of the Independent Belarusian People's Republic. January 1, 191 - Declaration of the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic.

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