21. Sheffield Archaeology - Staff - Prof. M Zvelebil archaeology is now poised to play a central role in gaining an understanding the ForestThe Emergence of Neolithic Societies in the baltic region and Adjacent http://www.shef.ac.uk/archaeology/staff/zvelebil.html

home staff publications study @ sheffield ... current students Prof. Zvelebil (left) Professor Marek Zvelebil Telephone: 0114 222 2915 E-Mail: M.Zvelebil@Sheffield.ac.uk Marek Zvelebil was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1952. After graduating from the University of Sheffield in 1974, he received his Ph.D. at Cambridge in archaeology in 1981. Since then, he has been a junior research fellow, lecturer, and since 1999, Professor at Sheffield. He has also taught at the University of South Carolina (1980-1981), Boston University (1987), and University of California at Berkeley (1997). Professor Zvelebil's main research interests include hunter-gatherer societies (past and present), European prehistory, the origins of agriculture, landscape archaeology, and linguistics, genetics and cultural identity. He has done fieldwork in Finland, Ireland, Scotland and Czech Republic. His publications include From Forager to Farmer in the Boreal Zone (1981), Hunters in Transition (edited, 1986), and

22. KUNSTKAMERA Studies , presenting a wide range of scholarly reports concerning archaeology (fromthe dwellers in the folk culture of the German baltic region; 4. Joint http://www.kunstkamera.ru/english/science/euroethn/vikings.htm

PROJECT "AN UNIQUE BURIAL MACRO-OBJECT FROM THE TIME OF THE VIKINGS IN THE NORTH-WEST OF EASTERN EUROPE (PALEOECOLOGY OF THE EARLY MEDIEVAL WORLD: THE COMPLEX OF ARCHEOLOGICAL MONUMENTS AND LANDSCAPES OF THE UPPER LUGA REGION)" The Project will be carried out by the Center for Baltic Anthropological and Archeological Studies (CBAAS) of the Department of European Studies and Common Problems of Anthropology of the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkammer) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (MAE RAS). F or the last seven years, CBAAS has been involved in a number of projects that explore the problems of cultural interaction among the Scandinavian and German peoples and the Slavic, Baltic, and Finnish peoples in the South-East Region of the Baltic Sea Coast. Contacts among these peoples have been considered in a wide chronological frame, beginning in the first millennium AD. T he following projects are being carried out by CBAAS: 1. Theoretical Seminar "Between Asia and Europe: Problems of Ethnic and Cultural Contacts", studying early German cultural motivations in Europe from the late 1st mil. BC to the 1st mil. AD along with the problems of Goth-Hun interaction on the eve of the Early Middle Ages; 2. Annual conference on "Scandinavian Studies", presenting a wide range of scholarly reports concerning archaeology (from the Stone Age to the time of the Vikings) and anthropology;

23. Baltic Region Encyclopedia. Agriculture. Anthropology. archaeology. Astronomy. Biology. Chemistry. Communication. Main Page See live article, baltic region. http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/baltic_region

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Outdoor Living Encyclopedia Main Page See live article Baltic region The Baltic region (sometimes briefly The Baltics ) is an ambiguous term used arbitrarily to denominate a region connected to the Baltic Sea (also called The Baltics ). The term Balticum has a more precise meaning but is not common in English Depending on the context it might stand for: the present Baltic States Estonia Latvia Lithuania the historic lands of Livonia Courland East Prussia and (historic) Estonia the geographical area of the above, sometimes designated by the loanword Balticum connected to the Baltic Germans the former Baltic province of Imperial Russia The lands above in addition to Finland and sometimes Poland countries on the ( British ) trade route through the Baltic Sea The lands above in addition to the Scandinavian Peninsula , i.e. to

24. ACS Electronic Palladian - 10-11-99 that gives students background on archaeology of ancient Turkey and our own workin the region. baltic WATER ISSUES CONFERENCE SPONSORED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF http://www.colleges.org/palladian/epall_101199.html

Associated Colleges of the South Newsletters Electronic Palladian GENERAL About ACS Calendar Members News ... Staff PROGRAMS Overview Classics Diversity Environmental ... Women's Studies SERVICES Administrators Faculty/Staff Students RESOURCES Database Faculty Exchange Guidelines Intranet ... Search The Electronic Palladian News and Opportunities for ACS Faculty and Staff From the Associated Colleges of the South CONTENTS for October 11, 1999 ACS Women's Studies Conference: Gendered Environments. Oct 15-17 at Birmingham-Southern College Researchers needed for ACS Archaeology Program Baltic Water Issues Conference Sponsored by the University of Georgia Two ACS Environmental Conferences to be held in November at the University of the South Information Fluency Symposium at ACS Tech Center Nov. 19-21 Technology Fellowship Applications and Workshop Proposals Due Friday ACS WOMEN'S STUDIES CONFERENCE: GENDERED ENVIRONMENTS. OCT. 15-17 AT BIRMINGHAM-SOUTHERN COLLEGE RESEARCHERS NEEDED FOR ACS ARCHAEOLOGY PROGRAM Interested faculty can contact the project director, Mark B. Garrison of Trinity University, 210-999-7648, mgarriso@trinity.edu.

25. Conference About Amber The conference baltic AMBER IN NATURAL SCIENCES, archaeology AND APPLIED ARTS FIRSTMILLENIUM AND THEIR PROVENANCE WITHIN THE LIMITS OF EASTERN baltic region. http://ldmuziejus.mch.mii.lt/Mokslas/Amber_conf.en.htm

The conference BALTIC AMBER IN NATURAL SCIENCES, ARCHAEOLOGY AND APPLIED ARTS September 13-18, 2001, Vilnius Academy of Arts, Palanga Museum of Amber PROGRAMME September 13 - arrivals September 14 10.00-10.10 Opening address made by Dr. Adomas Butrimas Algimantas Grigelis , OUTLINE ON GEOLOGY OF AMBER-BEARING DEPOSITS IN THE SAMBIAN PENINSULA Susan Ward Aber and Barbara Kosmowska-Ceranowicz , KANZAS AMBER: HISTORIC REVIEW AND NEW DESCRIPTION Laima Vaiciulyte , THE STUDY OF AMBER PIECES WITH SEVERAL INCLUSIONS INSIDE 11.10-11.30 Coffee break Barbara Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, Katarzyna Kwiatkowska, Alicja Pielinska , THE AMBER COLLECTION OF THE MUSEUM OF THE EARTH, POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, AS A SOURCE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH Sigitas Podenas , BALTIC AMBER INCLUSIONS AND THEIR INVESTIGATIONS IN LITHUANIA. Dainius Elertas, Laima Vaiciulyte , AMBER COLLECTING REGULATIONS IN COASTAL LITHUANIA UNTIL THE MIDDLE OF THE 19th C. Ulf Erichson , THE LIZARD IN AMBER 12.50-13.00 Discussions

26. Blengow: Suns, Wheels And Megalithic Tombs © The Comparative Archaeology WEB Kalundborg, Denmark. (Updated). Hoika, J. 1998 Trade and Communication within theNeolithic Funnel Beaker Culture (TRB) of the baltic region. Schacht, Sigrid. http://www.comp-archaeology.org/Blengow1-WheelSymbols.htm

Added May 30, 1999. Updated December 23, 2001 This page will be updated occasionally to add and revise information. Revision 1.1 Suns, Wheels and Megalithic Tombs: The ancient Symbols on the Stone Age Tomb near Blengow, Germany. (In Memory of Dr. Erika Nagel) By Maximilian O. Baldia All rights reserved May 30, 1999 to December 23, 2001 List of Figures Figure Location of Blengow Figure The displaced Blengow 1 capstone with crossed wheel or sun symbols Figure Close-up of the capstone's center with four wheel symbols and two drilled holes (cup marks). Figure Close-up of the right side of the Blengow 1 capstone (Photo M. Baldia September 1997 Figure Close-up from the center to the right of the Blengow 1 capstone and two rightmost, partly superimposed wheel symbols The megalithic tombs of southern Scandinavia, Germany, Netherland and parts of Poland exhibit virtually no decoration. The discovery of seven " circle with cross" symbols on a capstone of the megalithic tomb at Blengow in East Germany is, therefore, quite significant (Schacht 1995). The tombs belong to the farmers of the Neolithic Funnel Beaker culture and were constructed between 3600/3500 - 3200/3100 cal. BC.

27. The Funnel Beaker Culture (TRB) within the Neolithic Funnel Beaker Culture (TRB) of the baltic region. Presentedat the 63 rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American archaeology in the http://www.comp-archaeology.org/21NeolithicCopperAgeLinks.htm

A Spatial Analysis of Megalithic Tombs: Table of Content Added September 21, 1999. Updated January 8, 2002 hours. This page will be updated occasionally to add and revise information. The Comparative Archaeology WEB© Index for Links to Internet Publications of Europe's Neolithic and Copper Age By Maximilian O. Baldia January 8, 2002 Bakker, J. A., J. Kruk, A. E. Lanting, S. Milisauskas The earliest evidence of wheeled transport in Europe and the Near East . Presented at the 63 rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology in the symposium: Prehistoric communication: The first wheels, roads, metals, and monumental architecture . Friday, March 27, 1998 in Seattle, Washington, USA. The Comparative Archaeology WEB© Baldia, M. O. Megalithic Tombs and Interregional Communication . Papers presented at the international symposium: Megaliths and Social Geography, 13-17 May 1994, Falköping, Sweden. A Spatial Analysis of Megalithic Tombs. Vol. 1-2. Ph. D. Dissertation. Southern Methodist University. The Comparative Archaeology WEB© (Updated periodically) From dolmen to passage- and gallery-grave: An interregional construction analysis.

28. Lithuania Europe By Region History of Lithuania, one of three baltic countries. archaeology Society Learn about archaeologyOdyssey Smithsonian are available historyby-region-europe-lithuania http://history.designerz.com/history-by-region-europe-lithuania.php

Map.Designerz.com Weather Science.Designerz.com Education.Designerz.com ... History News Channels Visited Clear Featured Links Web Hosting Domain Names Create a Web Site Keyword Analyzer ... Sign up for our mailing list Keyword Title Author History By Region Europe Lithuania ... History A comprehensive resource on History By Region Europe Lithuania Show History (History By Region Europe Lithuania) content on your web site Reach History (History By Region Europe Lithuania) Audience Save on History By Region Europe Lithuania books, magazines and software See which History By Region Europe Lithuania domain names are available Search History By Region Europe Lithuania on other search engines Press Releases, Stories and Articles on History By Region Europe Lithuania View all press releases Submit your press release View all articles Submit your article Featured Results (opens in a new window) Iron Crosses - Lithuanian Paganism A look at the history and folklore of Lithuania, one of three Baltic countries. Lithuania was the last pagan country in Europe to accept Christianity. This site is devoted to examining the history, folktales and beliefs of Pagan Lithuania. Topics such Rate Iron Crosses - Lithuanian Paganism Medieval Lithuania History with chronology, list of Grand Dukes, and articles about Lithuanian castles and society in the Middle Ages. Content available in English, Belarussian, Lithuanian, and Russian.

29. Latvia Europe By Region History archaeology Society Learn about archaeology Odyssey Smithsonian History By RegionEurope Latvia Books. baltic Cities Perspectives on Urban and Regional Change http://history.designerz.com/history-by-region-europe-latvia.php

Map.Designerz.com Weather Science.Designerz.com Education.Designerz.com ... History News Channels Visited Clear Featured Links Web Hosting Domain Names Create a Web Site Keyword Analyzer ... Sign up for our mailing list Keyword Title Author History By Region Europe Latvia ... History A comprehensive resource on History By Region Europe Latvia Show History (History By Region Europe Latvia) content on your web site Reach History (History By Region Europe Latvia) Audience Save on History By Region Europe Latvia books, magazines and software See which History By Region Europe Latvia domain names are available Search History By Region Europe Latvia on other search engines Press Releases, Stories and Articles on History By Region Europe Latvia View all press releases Submit your press release View all articles Submit your article Featured Results (opens in a new window) Background Notes: Latvia 09/97 No Description Available Ratings: 4 / 5 votes: 1 Brief history of Latvia Brief history of the Republic of Latvia and other information on Latvia. The Latvian Institute. Rate Brief history of Latvia Results 1 to 2 of 2 results Background Notes: Latvia 09/97 No Description Available Ratings: 4 / 5 votes: 1 Brief history of Latvia Brief history of the Republic of Latvia and other information on Latvia. The Latvian Institute.

30. SAGE Publications - Journal Issue - European Journal Of Archaeology Karlsson, HÃ¥kan, Rethinking archaeology, reviewed by Michel Notelid Michel Notelid, TheEmergence of the Neolithic Societies in the baltic region, reviewed by http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journalIssue.aspx?pid=105535&jiid=522011

31. Continuum - Harvesting The Sea, Farming The Forest: The Emergence Of Neolithic S Subject(s) Anthropology and archaeology. held in Poland in 1992 investigated thecondition of the later Mesolithic communities in the baltic region and on the http://www.continuumbooks.com/book_details.cgi?bid=4602&aid=&ssid=6QL40SN33441M5

32. BSP: Newsletter 98:2:p04 To The Reader: Maritime Archaelogy In The Baltic - Balt the initiative to form a network on baltic Maritime archaeology. It is an importantstep in the realisation of the common aims in the baltic region to realise http://www.b-s-p.org/bspnews/982/982-04.htm

BSP Newsletter No. 98:2:p04 To the Reader Maritime Archaeology in the Baltic. Geological Background: In many ways the Baltic area is unique in an archaeological sense. The basis is found in nature. Although there are great differences in the quaternary geology between roughly the north and the south there are indeed some factors which are shared by all parts of the Baltic. Another important difference concerns the waterfront zones. In Finland and most of Sweden they consist mainly of constant features such as rocks and boulders, and in the south -Denmark, Germany, Poland and to some extent Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, sedimentary action is dominant. Thus the coasts are certainly transformed by natural factors in both main areas, but in different ways: One by way of land uplift, the other by wave erosion (abrasion) and replacement/ build up. Internationally a unique factor would also be the archipelagos with large numbers of continuous small rock island chains which litter the coasts at several places. The archipelagos of Stockholm, the à land islands and south western Finland are justly considered famous. But there are others as well in the baltic. All of them have been settled or are still settled as an important part of Baltic Maritime culture, based on the exploitation of the natural sources of the Baltic Sea. As a lonely and just possible parallel the Hudson Bay skerries of Canada could be cites, but they are different in character, uninhabited and almost totally sub arctic.

33. Introduction To Archaeology (ANTH 110/310) Study Guide. Dating Techniques in archaeology. © 1997 by John W. Hoopes. All rightsreserved. 1 has been used to chart sea level changes in the baltic region. http://www.ukans.edu/~hoopes/dating.html

Study Guide Dating Techniques in Archaeology A. Chronology 1. History a) Chronological ordering 1) Horizon styles 2) Stratigraphic revolution a: found deposits to a depth of 5.75 m below the surface b: Aztec pottery in uppermost levels c: Teotihuacan pottery next d: lowest levels contained pottery which was called "Archaic" 1: later recognized as "Preclassic" or "Formative" a: previous perspective had been blurred and foreshortened 3) Seriation a: came up with "sequence dates" for pottery b: not generally adopted, but was important for emphasizing the derivation of objective relative chronology from artifacts themselves A Study of Maya Art 1> "Zuni Potsherds" (1916) a: began systematic collection from all of the sites a: later sites had mostly white or black-on-white a: sites with mixes were put in between on the basis of proportions of pottery types b: resulted in sequence of six sub-periods 2. General concepts a) Age determination 1) direct methods 2) indirect methods b) Chronologies 1) relative 2) absolute 3. Archaeological age determination

34. Marge Konsa 19982002 Digital methods in archaeology. Presentation at the seminar hold at Universityof Vilnius Bronze Age in the East baltic region , 2000, Lithuania. http://www.history.ee/arheo/Marge_eng.htm

Marge Konsa Main Page Staff CV Publications Lecture courses Curriculum vitae I General data Date and place of birth : 27 April 1973, Tartu Education : 1999, TU Department of History, archaeologist Professional experiences : 1993-1999 student, TU Department of History 1997-2003 technician, TU Chair and Kabinet of Archaeology 2000- MA student, TU Department of History II Main areas of research: A. Prehistoric burial customs This theme comprises research on religious and social practices of the second half of the first millennium and the beginning of the second millennium as well as an analysis of the symbolic meaning of material culture (and the change of the meaning) in its semiotic key on burial customs materials found in graves. B. Digital methods in archaeology In the framework of the project"Computering archaeology in Tartu University" (grant no. 3363, project leader H. Valk). the information system and structures of digital databases of the subject library and archives of the TU archaeology have been created. In cooperation with the Estonian Folklore Archives I created a model of the digital database, comprising all the collections of the former institution.

35. BASE Programme and political Structures in Latvian archaeology. 16.00, Algis Merkevièius. MaterialCulture as an Indicator of the Bronze Age Society in the East baltic region. http://www.history.ee/arheo/BASE_programme.htm

BASE Baltic Archaeological Seminar Main > BASE Welcome Background Programme Participants Accommodation CULTURE AND MATERIAL CULTURE October 17th-19th, 2003, Tartu, Estonia Programme Friday, 17 October Arrival of foreign guest. Lodging at student house Raatuse 22, Tartu Saturday, 18 October Departure from Raatuse 22 to Taevaskoja Tourist Centre Opening of the seminar and presentations Marge Konsa . From Material Culture to Society Valter Lang . Interpreting Archaeological Culture Valdis Bçrziòð . Sorting out culture in the Baltic Coffee break Mindaugas Bertasius . The Archaeology of Group: From Situational Construct to Ethnic Group Andrejs Vasks . The Couronians in the 1st Millennium AD in Western Latvia: Imagination and Reality Rasa Banutë-Rowell Anna Bittner-Wroblewska . From Aestii to Esti. Connections between West Lithuanian Group and Tarand Culture Tõnno Jonuks . The Principles of Pre-Christian Religion of Estonia Lunch Margot Laneman . Reconsidering Marxist Past: What Kind of Social Archaeology it was? Andris Ðne . Understanding the Power: Study of Late Prehistoric social and political Structures in Latvian Archaeology Algis Merkevièius . Material Culture as an Indicator of the Bronze Age Society in the East Baltic Region Vykintas Vaitkevièius .Interpreting the East Lithuanian Barrow Culture Coffee break Romas Jarockis . Between Historical Texts and Archaeological Artefacts. Medieval Archaeology in the Baltic States Kristiina Johanson . Stone Axe on Landscape - What Can Stray Finds Tell Us?

36. Ormen Lange Excavation Index probably originates from the baltic Sea region that stretches from the baltic coastin 50th birthday, large sections of archaeologyNorway (including http://www.vitenskapsmuseet.no/ormen/indexE.html

Archaeological excavations - Ormen Lange News and picture archive Finds Sites Links and media ... (mostly Norwegian) During 2001 and 2002, carried out comprehensive surveying and located more than 60 automatically protected cultural heritage sites in the North-eastern part of the island. In total will 34 large and small sites be directly affected by construction activity. The Directorate for Cultural Heritage The excavations began on 14th May 2003 and shall continue until 1st July 2004. During peak times more than 60 archaeologists will be active at Nyhamna. In so far as it is possible, the excavations will continue through the winter months, with lighted tents constructed over the sites. A field-laboratory has been constructed on-site, to enable the post-excavation handling of such a large quantity of finds. Last update: 19.05.2004 (JG/) Construction work begins at Nyhamna The official opening of the construction of the gas-terminal at Nyhamna took place on the 16 th Field-supervisor Torkel Johansen digging the last quadrants at site 68. Through the mist in the background we can catch a glimpse of the construction-machinery. Top of page The Grynnvika Amber The dig at site 63 was completed a couple of weeks ago. Field-supervisor Heming Hagen has started on the post-excavation work which consists, among other things of the washing and classifying some several thousand lithic artefacts. Some of the finds from this site have been presented on this website previously and based upon a preliminary overview Heming can report that the particularly elegant material points to an exciting site from the middle of the Late Stone-age. The finds includes flint and slate artefacts however 10 amber fragments stand out amongst this material. A presentation of the amber finds will be given here in the following.

37. Museums The museum also hosts the Department of Ship archaeology, which conducts archaeologyon shipwreck and maritime sites along the German baltic coastal region. http://www.anthro.fsu.edu/uw/links/directory_files/museums.html

Home Scope People Academics ... Contact Florida State University Program in Underwater Archaeology Museums The North Carolina Maritime Museum The North Carolina Maritime Museum is a division of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture. Its mission is to preserve and interpret the maritime history of North Carolina through educational, boat building, and the collection of artifacts, specimens, and documents. The Vasa Museum, Stockholm, Sweden The Vasa is possiblly the most famous 17th century shipwreck ever. In 1628 this Swedish royal warship and heeled over and sank on her maiden voyage in Stockholm harbor. She was discovered in 1956 and recovered in one of the earliest and most extensive u nderwater archaeological projects ever. This page presents an overview of the museum, including operation hours, information on tours, admissions, and film shows. The Life-Saving Museum, Virginia Beach, U.S.A. The Life-Saving Museum maintains a homepage and a virtual scrapbook page . It is a museum housed in a Coast Guard station with a long history of shipwreck rescues. Their page provides information on current shipwreck projects, special exhibits and programs, visitor information, educational programs, and their research library.

38. Thorstein Veblen As To A Proposed Inquiry Into Baltic And Cretan The Scandinavian scholars have the archaeology of their own region excellently wellin times maintained trade relations with the baltic, should likewise http://de.geocities.com/veblenite/txt/baltic.txt

Thorstein Veblen As to a Proposed Inquiry into Baltic and Cretan Antiquities. (Memorandum, 1910). Published as: "An Unpublished Project of Thorstein Veblen for an Ethnological Inquiry." The American Journal of Sociology, (Sept. 1933), pp. 237-241. The problem on which my interest in prehistoric matters finally converges is that of the derivation and early growth of those free or popular institutions which have marked off European civilization at its best from the great civilizations of Asia and Africa. These characteristic free institutions of the Western culture comprise the decisive traits of the domestic and religious life as well as those of the civil and political organization. It is conceived that the underlying forces to which this scheme of free institutions owes its rise and its sustained and peculiar growth are to be looked for (a) in the peculiar native endowment of the races (or race) involved in the case, and (b) in the material (economic) circumstances under which the Western peoples have lived, particularly in early times. The centers of this cultural growth, as first known to history, have been the Aegean or East Mediterranean region on the one hand and the North Sea-Baltic region on the other hand. Within these regions, again, exploration has latterly thrown Crete, with its cultural neighbors and ramifications, into the foreground as the early center of growth and diffusion of the Aegean-Mediterranean culture, while it has similarly centered attention on the shores of the narrow Scandinavian waters as the most characteristic center of early culture in the North Sea-Baltic region. And (c) quite recently the Pumpelly explorations in Turkestan have brought to light a culture (at Anau) of a very striking character and showing features that argue for a degree of relationship - racial, economic, and institutional - to these European centers, such as should merit close inquiry. There is apparently reason to look for (a) a racial connection in prehistoric (Neolithic) times between the peoples of the Aegean (Crete, etc.) and the peoples centering about the south shores of the Baltic, and (b) a sustained cultural connection, resting on trade relations, between the same regions and running through the Neolithic and Bronze Ages of northern Europe. It is believed that a sufficiently attentive canvass of the evidence will bring out a consequent similarity of character in the institutions under which the peoples of these two regions lived; which would argue that these two sources of what is most characteristic in later Western civilization are in great measure to be traced back to a common origin, racial and economic. And it is conceived that the late-known culture of Anau will come in as a complementary factor to round out this scheme of cultural growth by supplying elements which have hitherto seemed lacking in any attempted system of European prehistory. The "Aryan" explanation of this community of institutions, it may be added, is no longer tenable. A study of other primitive cultures, remote and not visibly related to this early European civilization, shows a close correlation between the material (industrial and pecuniary) life of any given people and their civic, domestic, and religious scheme of life; and it shows, further, that the myths and the religious cult reflect the character of these other -especially the economic and domestic - institutions in a peculiarly naive and truthful manner. An inquiry looking to the end here proposed, therefore, must have recourse to such industrial and pecuniary facts as are reflected by the available archaeological sites and exhibits, on the one hand, and to such indications of myth and religious cult as are afforded by the same explorations. These will have to be the main lines of approach, and it is along these lines that it is here proposed to review the evidence pertinent to the case - with the stress falling on the economic forces involved. A very considerable body of material is now available for such a study in this field of European prehistory, but little has been done toward exploiting it for the purpose here indicated. Nor has the material hitherto been canvassed in any comprehensive manner with such a question in mind. While much of the material to be drawn on has been published in excellent shape, its publication has been under the hand of students and scholars animated with other interests than those here spoken for - more particularly has the economic (industrial and pecuniary) bearing of the materials exhibited received relatively scant attention. The men who have canvassed and edited the published materials have necessarily seen those materials in the light of their own interest, and so have brought out chiefly those features of the material upon which the light of their own interest would fall most strongly. Any student who approaches the material from a new quarter, therefore, and requires it to answer questions that were not present or not urgent in the minds of those earlier students, must see and review the sites and exhibits for himself and make such use as he can of these materials, with the help of other men already engaged in the general field which he enters. It is no less requisite to come into close personal contact with the men engaged than it is to make first-hand acquaintance with the available materials; for it is a most common trait of scientists, particularly when occupied with matter that is in any degree novel and growing, that they know and are willing to impart many things that are not primarily involved in the direct line of their own inquiry and many things, too, to which they may not be ready to commit themselves in print. The evidences of the peculiar technological bent characteristic of Western civilization run very far back in the North Sea-Baltic culture, and the later explorations in Crete and its cultural dependencies suggest a similar aptitude for technological efficiency in the prehistoric Aegean culture. It is believed that a patient scrutiny of the available material for the two regions will go far to show (a) in what degree the two civilizations are to be correlated or contrasted on this technological side of their growth, (b) how far this technological peculiarity is to be traced back to racial or to environmental factors, and (c) what is the nature and force of the correlation, if any, between this peculiar development of technological efficiency and the early growth and character of that scheme of free institutions which today is as characteristic a trait of Western civilization as is its preeminence in point of technological efficiency. It will be seen, therefore, that such an inquiry as is here had in view would require time and would involve a somewhat extended itinerary. At the outset, it is believed, a visit should be made to two or three of the less sophisticated Indian Pueblos of the Southwest, as the best available outside term of comparison by which to check certain features of the European evidence and particularly certain of the facts shown in the explorations at Anau. The next move should, presumably, be to the sites and museums of Denmark and Sweden, with a side excursion of a somewhat detailed character to the British Museum and to certain archaeologists and ethnologists in England whose information and speculations must necessarily be drawn on. The Scandinavian scholars have the archaeology of their own region excellently well in hand, and their exhaustive acquaintance with the culture of later Germanic-Scandinavian paganism is likewise indispensable to a comprehensive survey of the question. Certain men and exhibits in Germany and Austria must also be seen and made use of, though this will presumably require less time and attention than the earlier and later stages in the proposed itinerary. The sites and exhibits of the Hallstatt and La Tène culture should also be visited, with more or less painstaking attention; and certain localities of northern Italy, marking one of the cultural areas that once in prehistoric times maintained trade relations with the Baltic, should likewise be seen and appreciated. There are also Italian students in this field whose aid is expected to be of first- rate value, both in the ethnology and the archaeology of the case. More detailed study as well as a greater allowance of time would necessarily be given to the several sites in the Aegean, with Crete as the central and most important point; where a somewhat protracted residence would be desirable if not indispensable, and from which excursions might profitably be made to Sicily, southeastern Asia Minor, Cyprus, and perhaps Transcaspia, as well as to several localities in the Aegean territory proper. These excursions outside of the Aegean lands seem, at this distance at least, less requisite than a residence of some months in Crete and the visits to Aegean sites supplementary to the study of Crete. The residence in the Aegean here spoken of, with the allowance of time which it would involve, is desirable in part on account of the very appreciable mass of printed material bearing on the case, and which could most expeditiously and effectively be acquired, assimilated, and checked by a person living within striking distance of the sites with which the descriptive material deals. It is believed that, in point of time, the inquiry so had in view should advantageously consume not less than three years. - The End -

39. Archaeology Departments In Sweden Online archaeology, Southampton University; Journal of Field archaeology, BostonUniversity; GIS data for Scandinavia and the baltic region; Idrisi project home http://www.hum.gu.se/ark/links.html

Archaeology departments in Sweden Department of archaeology, Lund University Archaeology in Kalmar Departments of archaeology, classical archaeology and egyptology at Uppsala University Department of archaeology, Stockholm University Archaeology at Department of archaeology and Saami studies, university Archaeology in Visby Graduate schools Dialogues with the Past . Nordic Graduate School in Archaeology. Laboratories and research institutes Laboratory for Wood Anatomy and Dendrochronology , Lund University Laboratory for Ceramic Research , Lund University Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory , Lund University Arkeologiska Forskningslaboratoriet , Stockholm University Arkeoosteologiska Forskningslaboratoriet , Stockholm University , C14-laboratory, Uppsala University Environmental Archaeology Laboratory - Institute for prehistoric Technology Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit Resource guides and organisations NordArk - Guide to Nordic Archaeology Vitterhetsakademins Swedish archaeology links from SUNET ArchNet - Archaeology and Anthropology resources worldwide ARGE - Archaeological Resource Guide for Europe - German resource guide Classics and Mediterranean Archaeology - Resource list Marinarkeologi - Nordic underwater archaeology - SW Swedish Iron Age - National Board of Antiquities Svenska Arkeologiska Samfundet Conferences Histories of archaeology . Archives, Ancestors, Practices.

40. University Of Durham - Archaeology About Us - Staff Bio & Research Detail Farming the Forest The Emergence of Neolithic Societies in the baltic region, ed.M Time, change and the archaeology of huntergatherers how original is the http://www.dur.ac.uk/Archaeology/about_staff/about_staff_rowleyconwyp.php

Staff Contact Info Home Dr. Peter A. Rowley-Conwy Reader in Environmental Archaeology Research interests Peter Rowley-Conwy likes animal bones, plant remains, hunter-gatherers and early agriculturalists, and the history of archaeology. He welcomes research students working in these and related areas. See below for a list of his current and recent students and their topics. 1997 (co-authored with J. StorÂ). Pitted Ware seals and pigs from Ajvide, Gotland: methods of study and first results. In: Remote Sensing, vol. I , ed. G. Burenhult, 113-127. Stockholm: Institute of Archaeology, University of Stockholm. (Theses and Papers in North European Archaeology 13a). 1998. Meat, furs and skins: mesolithic animal bones from Ringkloster, a seasonal hunting camp in Jutland. Journal of Danish Archaeology 12 (for 1994/95), 87-98.

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