81. A Brief History Of The Muslim Community In Australia The peak Islamic authority in the australian Muslim community is Most capital citieswould have a strong bond within the Muslim community, however, such http://www.islamfortoday.com/australia.htm

About this Site Basic Islamic Beliefs What's New Muslims Today ... Search this site A brief history of the Muslim Community in Australia The Makassar Some of Australia's earliest visitors, pre-dating European settlement, were in fact Muslims from the east Indonesian archipelago. These were fishermen from the island of Makassar who came to fish for the 'trepang', commonly known as the 'dugong' or sea cow for the lucrative Chinese market where it was considered a delicacy. Australian records dating from the early 1820's indicate the number of ships, the size of the crew and the names of the captains. It is thought that the fishermen of Makassar had been visiting the north coast of Western Australia, Northern Territory and Queensland from as early as the 16th century. Evidence pertaining to these early visitors can be found in the similarity of certain words which occur in both the language of the Makassar and coastal Aborigines. Aboriginal cave paintings also depict the traditional Makassar vessels or 'prau' and a number of Makassar artefacts have been found in Aboriginal settlements on the west and northern coast of Australia. Furthermore, some inter-marriages between Aborigines and Makassar took place and Makassar grave sites are strewn along the coastline. Considerable research and documentation has been done by Mr Campbell MacKnight, an archaeologist with the Australian National University. Voyages have been retold by the few surviving Makassar fishermen, recalling their voyages as boys with their fathers when they sailed to Port Darwin and the Coburg Peninsula. They retold accounts of their grandfather's voyages to the 'Tanah Marege' or 'land of the black people' and the average 60 day journey eastward to Timor and then down to Darwin. There had in fact been inter-cultural exchanges between the Aboriginal communities and the Makassar. In 1867, the Dutch Governor-General in Makassar noted that there were seventeen Aborigines in Makassar which had returned with the Muslim fishing fleets and that Aborigines had been noticed on the island as far back as 1824.

82. The Australian Immigration Book standards and excellent schools, hospitals, transport and other community services Australiancities rank with the world s finest in sophistication, culture and http://www.aust-immig-book.com.au/in_grtnation.html

Australia - A Great Nation This big island continent is one of the most beautiful in the world covering almost 7.7 million square kilometres. It spans several climatic zones from the tropics in the far north to the cool temperate conditions of the south. A population of 20 million inhabit a land area almost as big as continental USA. In their leisure time Australians enjoy an easy-going outdoor lifestyle. Suburban communities are dotted with swimming pools, backyard barbecues, parks, playing fields and tennis courts - and beaches are rarely far away. The houses in these neighbourhoods are of a high standard and relatively cheap compared with other nations. Wherever they choose to live, Australian families can find the right kind of community for their lifestyle, with comfortable living standards and excellent schools, hospitals, transport and other community services.

83. Noarlunga A Better Place To Live growing council area in South Australia with a define the southern boundary of thecity and form residential estates to smaller coastal communities and country http://www.softcon.com.au/nhc/nbetterplace.htm

Noarlunga a Better Place to Live Mission Statement Healthy Cities Noarlunga aims to stimulate community action in regard to any health issue that impacts on the health and well being of the local community. Objectives: Promote a social view of health within the public, private and non-government sector and the general community. Encourage cooperative processes between government and private sectors at a local level which coordinate health promoting activities and foster the community's discussion of better health. Encourage commitment to improving the health of the local community. Strategies: Work with a variety of local community groups and individuals on locally relevant issues eg Multi-Cultural Task Group, Surviving Unemployment. Encourage community participation in identifying and addressing health issues and fostering membership in a range of management committees. Support existing community initiatives which promote health eg basic living skills, cultural diversity. Encourage health services and other services to allocate a high priority to health promoting activities eg Noarlunga Towards a Safe Community, Noarlunga Crime Prevention Program.

84. Conservation Council Of Western Australia (Inc.) year, making up one fifth of Australia’s total. been selected to be Cool Communitiesin WA Metropolitan Regional Council representing six cities for Climate http://www.conservationwa.asn.au/coolc.htm

Cool Community Solutions to Global Warming Cool Communities create less greenhouse gas. Cool Communities project is a community based response to the threat of climate change. It aims to reduce our contribution to creating global warming by working with communities to find ways to cut greenhouse gas emissions at home, and save money and improve our lifestyles at the same time. Cool Communities provides an excellent opportunity for environment and social organisations, government and industry, to work together at a community level to improve the quality of our lives, and of our local and global environment. Project partners, the Conservation Council of Western Australia, and the Australian Greenhouse Office, will work together with community partners to take practical action to reduce greenhouse emissions, and to identify and work to overcome barriers to householders being able to reduce greenhouse emissions. Each Australian home creates 15 tonnes of greenhouse gas every year.

85. Sister Cities International Community, Website, Sister City, Website. Austin, Adelaide, South Australia,Australia, Austin, Koblenz, RheinlandPfalz, Germany, Austin, Lima, Amazonas,Peru, http://www.sister-cities.org/sci/directory/usa/TX

Online Directory: Texas, USA Communities designated in blue are Members of Sister Cities International. Community Website Sister City Website Austin Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Austin Koblenz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany Austin Lima, Amazonas, Peru Austin Maseru, Maseru, Lesotho Austin Oita City, Oita, Japan Austin Orlu, Imo, Nigeria Austin Saltillo, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Mexico Austin Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China Austin Kwangmyong, South Korea Austin Taichung City, Taiwan, China Benbrook Bled, Slovenia Benbrook Ballymoney, Northern Ireland, UK Bryan/College Station Greifswald, Germany Bryan/College Station Kazan, Russia Bryan/College Station Zuazua, Mexico Cleburne Comonfort, Guanajuato, Mexico Cleburne San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, Mexico Columbus, Texas Corpus Christi Keelung City, Taiwan, China Corpus Christi Agen, France Corpus Christi Toledo, Spain Corpus Christi Veracruz, Aguascalientes, Mexico Corpus Christi Yokosuka, Japan Corpus Christi Monterrey, Mexico Cuero Ciudad Miguel Aleman, Tamaulipas, Mexico Dallas Brno, Czech Republic Dallas Dijon, France

86. SouthEast Asia/ Australia And Urban Agriculture City Farms For the first time, a booklet has been produced to document the activities,focus and setup of australian city farms, community gardens and http://www.cityfarmer.org/subSEasia.html

Published by City Farmer, Canada's Office of Urban Agriculture Subject: South East Asia/Australia and Urban Agriculture Urban Agriculture Network - Western Pacific - Monthly Newsletter "Urban agriculture is one counter-measure to food terrorism that must now be considered and developed. ... Good business people know that behind most threats lie opportunities. The threat of food terrorism is an opportunity in disguise for global urban and peri-urban agriculture." Posted March 24 2004 Urban Gardens: Persistence and Change "This publication is based on a research project which aimed to examine the socio-cultural and biophysical dimensions of urban homegardens in Baguio City, northern Philippines . Includes: the multiple roles and functions of homegardens especially for households along the urban margins; how the urban environment helps shape and is shaped by local homegarden systems; the contribution of local knowledge to the management of homegardens under socio-economic and agroecological transitions." Posted March 19 2004 Philippine References - Urban Agriculture 12 papers and a book are referenced, including: "Allotment Gardens for the Philippines: A Contribution to Urban Food Security"; "Quality and quantity requirements for vegetables by private households, vendors and institutional users in a Philippine urban setting"; "Urban Agriculture - A Step-By-Step Guide To Successful Container Gardening in the City"; and "Appropriate methods for microenterprise development in urban agriculture".

87. AusStats : The Spatial Units Western Australia cities (C), Towns (T) and Shires (S); Tasmania cities (C)and Municipalities (M); Northern Territory cities (C), Towns (T), Community http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/33cc424ebbfb607fca256ad4007f6801?OpenD

88. The WWW VL Public Health: Selected Topics - Healthy Cities Urban Ecology Australia Urban Ecology Australia Inc (UEA is a non profit communitygroup committed human settlements - ecological cities - through education http://www.ldb.org/vl/top/top-hcit.htm

WWW VL Public Health : Selected Topics HEALTHY CITIES Topic's Information Site Compass Reference Note Topic's Information Australian Pacific Healthy Cities Conference, 8-10 March, 2000 POLMET 2000 - 6th International Conference on Pollution in Metropolitan Cities Theme: Sustainable Urban Development In The New Millennium Date: 20-23 March 2000 Venue: Shangri-La Hotel, Kuala Lumpur Urban21 - Global Conference on the Urban Future Berlin (Germany), July 2000 International Healthy Cities Conference, Athens, Greece, 20-23 June 1998 organized by the WHO Regional Office for Europe, the conference aims at: "mark and celebrate ten years of the WHO Healthy Cities project and the growth of the Healthy Cities movement throughout Europe and the world; debate and learn from the evaluation results and vast experience of cities, towns, municipalities and communities which have been a part of the European and global Healthy Cities movement; formulate strategies and plans reflecting the new WHO health for all for the 21st century policy and the imperatives to implement Local Agenda 21; and boost political commitment and appreciation at local, regional, national and international levels for healthy urban development in the next century"

89. Table Of Contents Australia). australian City Farms, Community Gardens And Enterprise CentresNetwork Fiona Campbell and Russ Grayson (Australia). Innovative http://www.rosneath.com.au/ipc6/toc.html

Conference Proceedings Table Of Contents Home Table Of Contents Acknowledgements Introduction Chapter One - Keynote Presentations What Is Permaculture? Bill Mollison (Australia) Integrating Food Security And Traditional Knowledge: Permaculture Approaches For Poverty Alleviation In South Africa Tshepo Khumbane (South Africa) The Global Movement Towards Eco-villages Max O. Lindegger (Australia) Permaculture's Role In Sustaining Civilization Allan Savory (USA) Why Integrated Permaculture For The Wet Tropics? Professor George Chan (Mauritius) Farming Within The Eco-system Ron Watkins (Australia) Chapter Two - Earth Care Stream Dryland Water Management And Organic Farming Peter Woodward (Australia) Saving Our Heritage Livestock Alanna Moore (Australia) Wetland Rehabilitation And Sustainable Land Practices: An Harmonious Coexistence Robert Henderson (Australia) Creating And Managing Productive Pastures In The Dry Tropical Regions Of The World Robyn Tredwell (Australia) Permanent Forestry: Commercialising Earth Care Through Restoration Forestry Tim Winton and Gary Cowan (Australia) Similicure Close Packing Of Plants In Water Harvesting Systems Halin Orion (Australia) Future Agriculture: Change Of Attitude, Change In Latitude

90. Urban Community Food Systems And The Role Of Permaculture Design with many other groups focused on sustainability in the Brisbane region and arelinked nationally with australian City Farms and Community Gardens Network. http://www.regional.org.au/au/soc/2002/3/gamble.htm

Urban community food systems and the role of permaculture design Morag Gamble and Evan Raymond, Sustainable Futures, Crystal Waters College Urban agriculture is one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors in the world, and as the global population becomes increasingly urbanised it will be of even greater importance in sustaining our communities. In many cities around the world, neighbourhood residents are coming together to create community gardens, city farms, school gardens, farmers markets, food co-operatives and community supported agriculture programs. These projects provide communities with access to fresh healthy food, and are accessible to a diversity of people from a variety of cultural, socio-economic and educational backgrounds. The gardens provide a platform for community revitalisation, integrated environmental education, and restoration of the urban environment. They also provide valuable opportunities for people to develop skills in inclusive decision-making, participatory planning and community responsibility. Community-led urban agriculture projects facilitate positive change on many levels. The projects not only help to create a of sense of place and ownership, but help to strengthen ties between community members, between residents and their local environment, and between residents and the regional businesses, institutions and governing bodies.

91. Graffiti And Disorder : Local Government, Law Enforcement And Community Response Family and individual characteristics of a community sample of adolescents who ofgraffiti (ABSTRACT ONLY) Michael Coe, City of Gosnells, Western Australia; http://www.aic.gov.au/conferences/2003-graffiti/

Advanced search Home About Contact ... Conferences Conferences Graffiti and disorder : local government, law enforcement and community responses Royal on the Park, Brisbane 18-19 August 2003 This conference was hosted by the Australian Institute of Criminology in conjunction with the Australian Local Government Association Contents Introduction Conference papers Introduction Graffiti and public disorder are both perceived as a sign of the lowering of the quality of life in our communities. They are problems that occur in most towns and cities around the world. Graffiti and public disorder are often not only associated with crime, but can also increase the fear of crime. Graffiti and public disorder are complex, multifaceted problems requiring a range of responses for their solution. This response requires commitment and participation by both government and the community. The aim of the Graffiti and Disorder conference was to provide an opportunity for practitioners, researchers, policymakers, community groups and the business sector to discuss the topic, share knowledge and develop strategies to address the relevant issues. Particular emphasis was placed on the role of local government in addressing graffiti and disorder through preventive approaches and proactive programs. Conference papers Keynote address Graffiti : implications for law enforcement, local government and the community

92. Monash Environment Institute environmental policy, the social, human and community aspects of or the role of citiesin sustainable AIS2809, Tourism and Indigenous Australia, Gippsland, OCDL. http://www.mei.monash.edu.au/Study1/Faculties/Arts.html

Arts A s a student in the Faculty of Arts you might focus on aspects of environmental policy, the social, human and community aspects of sustainability, or the role of cities in sustainable development. Combine Arts and Law (BA/LLB) if you have interests in legal and policy issues; or Arts and Science (BA/BSc) for a comprehensive understanding of the relationships between people and the environment. At the post-graduate level, the Faculty offers diplomas, Masters and Doctoral degrees (coursework and research-based) that emphasise the environment and sustainability. www.arts.monash.edu.au Back to Faculty List Courses Undergraduate Units ... Postgraduate Units Please note: 1. Links from unit codes are to the online University Handbook entries. 2. Links from unit names are to the respective unit homepage, where available. 3. Information provided in the online University Handbook entries may be specific to one campus, even if the unit is offered at more than one campus. To ensure you access full information about units, consult the respective faculty or the University Handbooks. 4. For a full list of Monash courses and degrees, see the

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